介紹
赤(chi)峰境(jing)內被國家考古(gu)(gu)界命名的(de)(de)原始人類文化(hua)類型有(you)興隆洼(wa)文化(hua)、趙寶溝文化(hua)、紅山(shan)文化(hua)、富河文化(hua)、小河沿文化(hua)、夏家店下層(ceng)文化(hua)。從考古(gu)(gu)發掘(jue)出來的(de)(de)石器(qi)(qi)、骨器(qi)(qi)、陶(tao)器(qi)(qi)、青銅器(qi)(qi)等(deng)生(sheng)產生(sheng)活(huo)器(qi)(qi)物證明，早(zao)在8千余年前境(jing)內的(de)(de)原始先民(min)已經過著(zhu)原始農耕、漁獵和(he)畜牧的(de)(de)定(ding)居(ju)生(sheng)活(huo)。赤(chi)峰市(shi)志記載，蕎麥(mai)在赤(chi)峰地區(qu)，遼代已有(you)種(zhong)植(zhi)，宋(song)沈存中(zhong)《熙寧使虜圖抄》載：“永安(an)山(shan)（大興安(an)嶺南段中(zhong)部）谷宜梁蕎，而人不(bu)善藝，四月(yue)始嫁(jia)，七月(yue)畢斂”。元代亦有(you)種(zhong)植(zhi)，清代放墾后更多(duo)種(zhong)植(zhi)。解放后，蕎麥(mai)種(zhong)植(zhi)最(zui)多(duo)年份為(wei)190萬畝，最(zui)少年份為(wei)56萬畝，平均(jun)畝產18-54公斤(jin)，蕎麥(mai)及麩(fu)殼還出口(kou)日本及東南亞等(deng)地。赤(chi)峰蕎麥(mai)年播種(zhong)面積28029公頃，總產量為(wei)34110噸，單產為(wei)1217公斤(jin)/公頃。
自然(ran)生態環境和人文(wen)歷史因素(su)
1、土壤地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌情況：赤(chi)峰(feng)(feng)市(shi)(shi)積(ji)極發展雜(za)(za)糧種(zhong)植產(chan)業(ye)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)現有耕地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面積(ji)1600萬(wan)畝的基礎上，雜(za)(za)糧播種(zhong)面積(ji)常年(nian)穩定在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)800萬(wan)畝左右(you)，居全(quan)國之首。赤(chi)峰(feng)(feng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)處大(da)興(xing)安嶺南(nan)(nan)段和燕(yan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)北(bei)麓山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，分布在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)西(xi)拉(la)木(mu)(mu)倫河(he)南(nan)(nan)北(bei)與老(lao)哈河(he)流域廣(guang)大(da)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)，呈(cheng)三(san)(san)面環(huan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，西(xi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)東(dong)低，多(duo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)多(duo)丘(qiu)(qiu)陵(ling)的地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌特(te)征。山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)約占(zhan)赤(chi)峰(feng)(feng)市(shi)(shi)總(zong)面積(ji)的42%；丘(qiu)(qiu)陵(ling)約占(zhan)24%；高(gao)(gao)(gao)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)約占(zhan)9%；平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)約占(zhan)25%。大(da)體分為(wei)四個地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形(xing)區(qu)(qu)：北(bei)部(bu)(bu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)丘(qiu)(qiu)陵(ling)區(qu)(qu)；南(nan)(nan)部(bu)(bu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)丘(qiu)(qiu)陵(ling)區(qu)(qu)；西(xi)部(bu)(bu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)區(qu)(qu)；東(dong)部(bu)(bu)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)區(qu)(qu)，海拔(ba)高(gao)(gao)(gao)300-2000米(mi)。東(dong)部(bu)(bu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)西(xi)拉(la)木(mu)(mu)倫河(he)與老(lao)哈河(he)匯流處大(da)興(xing)三(san)(san)角地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)，海拔(ba)高(gao)(gao)(gao)不足300米(mi)，為(wei)赤(chi)峰(feng)(feng)市(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)勢最低地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)帶；西(xi)部(bu)(bu)克旗、郊區(qu)(qu)和河(he)北(bei)省圍場縣交界處的大(da)光頂(ding)子山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，海拔(ba)高(gao)(gao)(gao)2067米(mi)，為(wei)赤(chi)峰(feng)(feng)市(shi)(shi)第一高(gao)(gao)(gao)峰(feng)(feng)。主要山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈(mo)有大(da)興(xing)安嶺南(nan)(nan)段，努魯(lu)兒(er)虎和七老(lao)圖三(san)(san)條(tiao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈(mo)。赤(chi)峰(feng)(feng)市(shi)(shi)的土地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)資源特(te)點是(shi)，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)處內蒙古高(gao)(gao)(gao)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)向松遼平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)過(guo)渡地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)帶，北(bei)部(bu)(bu)為(wei)大(da)興(xing)安嶺南(nan)(nan)段山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，燕(yan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)系的七老(lao)圖山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)屏于西(xi)部(bu)(bu)，努魯(lu)爾虎山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)呈(cheng)于東(dong)南(nan)(nan)側，構成了三(san)(san)面環(huan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的半環(huan)形(xing)，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)勢西(xi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)東(dong)低，海拔(ba)一般在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)500—1500米(mi)之間，海拔(ba)最高(gao)(gao)(gao)為(wei)2067米(mi)。地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌形(xing)態可(ke)分為(wei)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)、熔巖臺地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、低山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)丘(qiu)(qiu)陵(ling)、沙丘(qiu)(qiu)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)。其中山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面積(ji)占(zhan)17.74%；高(gao)(gao)(gao)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)占(zhan)5.72%；熔巖臺地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)占(zhan)3.21%；低山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)丘(qiu)(qiu)陵(ling)占(zhan)19.44%；黃土丘(qiu)(qiu)陵(ling)占(zhan)22.9%；河(he)谷平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)占(zhan)8.17%；沙地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)占(zhan)23.3%。
2、水(shui)(shui)(shui)文情況：全(quan)市水(shui)(shui)(shui)資源總量(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)42.7億(yi)(yi)立(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)，有烏力(li)吉木淪河(he)(he)(he)、西(xi)拉(la)(la)沐淪河(he)(he)(he)、老哈(ha)河(he)(he)(he)、敖來河(he)(he)(he)、灤河(he)(he)(he)、大凌河(he)(he)(he)六條外流水(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)和(he)內陸水(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)共308條大小河(he)(he)(he)流，72處(chu)天然湖(hu)泊。最大的湖(hu)泊為(wei)達里諾(nuo)爾(er)湖(hu)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)面(mian)積為(wei)35.7萬畝。地表(biao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)徑流量(liang)(liang)(liang)32.6億(yi)(yi)立(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)，地下(xia)(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)可開采10億(yi)(yi)立(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)。人均占有水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)670立(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)。耕地畝均占有水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)323.7立(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)。西(xi)遼(liao)河(he)(he)(he)的兩條主要支流西(xi)拉(la)(la)沐淪河(he)(he)(he)、老哈(ha)河(he)(he)(he)都在赤(chi)峰境內，大小干支流達40余條，有達里諾(nuo)爾(er)等湖(hu)泊58處(chu)，地表(biao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)總量(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)32.7億(yi)(yi)立(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)，地下(xia)(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)可采集量(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)10億(yi)(yi)立(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)。
3、氣(qi)(qi)候情況：赤(chi)峰市屬中溫(wen)(wen)帶半干(gan)旱大(da)(da)(da)陸性季(ji)風氣(qi)(qi)候區(qu)(qu)。冬季(ji)漫長(chang)而寒冷，春季(ji)干(gan)旱多大(da)(da)(da)風，夏季(ji)短(duan)促(cu)炎熱、雨水(shui)集中，秋季(ji)短(duan)促(cu)、氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)下(xia)降(jiang)快、霜凍(dong)降(jiang)臨(lin)早。大(da)(da)(da)部地區(qu)(qu)年(nian)平(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)為(wei)0—7℃，最(zui)冷月(yue)(yue)(yue)（1月(yue)(yue)(yue)）平(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)為(wei)-10℃左右，極端最(zui)低氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)-27℃；最(zui)熱月(yue)(yue)(yue)（7月(yue)(yue)(yue)）平(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)在20—24℃之間。年(nian)降(jiang)水(shui)量的地理分(fen)布(bu)受地形(xing)影響十分(fen)明顯，不(bu)(bu)同地區(qu)(qu)差別很大(da)(da)(da)，有300—500毫米不(bu)(bu)等。大(da)(da)(da)部地區(qu)(qu)年(nian)日照時數(shu)為(wei)2700—3100小時。每當5—9月(yue)(yue)(yue)天空無(wu)云(yun)時，日照時數(shu)可長(chang)達12—14小時。
地域范圍
赤(chi)(chi)峰市地(di)(di)處內(nei)(nei)蒙(meng)古(gu)自(zi)治(zhi)區東(dong)(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)部(bu)，東(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)地(di)(di)區西端，西遼河上(shang)游，大興(xing)安(an)嶺西南(nan)(nan)段山脈與(yu)燕山北(bei)麓山地(di)(di)、內(nei)(nei)蒙(meng)古(gu)高原(yuan)、西遼河平原(yuan)的復合截接(jie)部(bu)位。地(di)(di)理(li)坐標：北(bei)緯41°17'10"-45°24'15"，東(dong)(dong)(dong)經116°21'07"-120°58'52"。總(zong)面(mian)積為(wei)90021平方(fang)公(gong)里(li)，東(dong)(dong)(dong)西最寬375公(gong)里(li)，南(nan)(nan)北(bei)最長457.5公(gong)里(li)。東(dong)(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)與(yu)遼寧(ning)省朝陽市接(jie)壤，西南(nan)(nan)與(yu)河北(bei)省承德地(di)(di)區交界，西部(bu)和北(bei)部(bu)與(yu)內(nei)(nei)蒙(meng)古(gu)自(zi)治(zhi)區錫林郭(guo)勒盟(meng)接(jie)連，東(dong)(dong)(dong)與(yu)通遼市毗鄰。赤(chi)(chi)峰蕎(qiao)麥農產(chan)品地(di)(di)理(li)標志保護(hu)范圍為(wei)赤(chi)(chi)峰市12旗(qi)縣區132個蘇木（鄉鎮），2014年赤(chi)(chi)峰蕎(qiao)麥播種(zhong)面(mian)積28029公(gong)頃，總(zong)產(chan)量(liang)為(wei)34110噸(dun)，單產(chan)為(wei)1217公(gong)斤/公(gong)頃。
品質特性特征
1、外在(zai)感官特征：赤峰蕎麥莖(jing)光(guang)滑(hua)，無毛或具(ju)細絨毛，圓(yuan)形(xing)，稍有棱(leng)(leng)角，幼嫩時(shi)實(shi)心，成熟時(shi)呈(cheng)空腔。莖(jing)粗(cu)一(yi)般0.4～0.6cm，莖(jing)高(gao)60～150cm，最高(gao)可達300cm。葉(xie)片呈(cheng)圓(yuan)腎形(xing)，基部(bu)微凹，具(ju)掌狀(zhuang)網脈，葉(xie)柄細長(chang)。果實(shi)大部(bu)為三棱(leng)(leng)型，少有2或多棱(leng)(leng)不規則型。形(xing)狀(zhuang)有三角形(xing)、長(chang)卵圓(yuan)形(xing)等(deng)。
2、內在品質指標：蕎麥其籽粒(li)維生素B2含量(liang)較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)，為(wei)0.22～0.26mg/100g；維生素B6含量(liang)為(wei)0.12～0.18mg/100g；鈣含量(liang)較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)，為(wei)16.9～19mg/100g；磷含量(liang)較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)為(wei)，384～428mg/100g；鉀含量(liang)較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)，為(wei)457～516mg/100g。
給生活一把琴 
