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介紹

赤峰境內被國家(jia)(jia)考古界(jie)命名的(de)原(yuan)始(shi)人類文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)類型有(you)興隆(long)洼文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、趙(zhao)寶溝文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、紅山文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、富(fu)河文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、小(xiao)河沿文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、夏家(jia)(jia)店下層(ceng)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)。從(cong)考古發掘出(chu)(chu)來的(de)石器(qi)、骨器(qi)、陶器(qi)、青銅(tong)器(qi)等生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)活器(qi)物(wu)證(zheng)明(ming)，早(zao)在8千余年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)前境內的(de)原(yuan)始(shi)先民已經過著原(yuan)始(shi)農(nong)耕、漁獵和(he)畜(chu)牧(mu)(mu)的(de)定居(ju)生(sheng)活。上世紀(ji)(ji)50年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)，赤峰市(shi)從(cong)東北(bei)引進(jin)了粳米綠(lv)豆，到90年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)，赤峰市(shi)農(nong)牧(mu)(mu)科學研究(jiu)院(yuan)從(cong)農(nong)家(jia)(jia)品(pin)種(zhong)資源中選育出(chu)(chu)赤綠(lv)一號、大(da)鸚哥綠(lv)豆品(pin)種(zhong)并在生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)上大(da)面(mian)積(ji)應用。赤峰市(shi)從(cong)上個世紀(ji)(ji)70年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)開始(shi)規模(mo)化(hua)(hua)(hua)種(zhong)植歷史，1980年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)綠(lv)豆全(quan)市(shi)播(bo)種(zhong)面(mian)積(ji)4.8萬畝，總產(chan)(chan)量97.9萬斤(jin)；2014年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)市(shi)綠(lv)豆播(bo)種(zhong)面(mian)積(ji)43717公(gong)頃總產(chan)(chan)量32200噸；從(cong)歷年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)統計表中我們(men)可(ke)以(yi)看出(chu)(chu)，播(bo)種(zhong)面(mian)積(ji)、單(dan)產(chan)(chan)、總產(chan)(chan)量都是在呈逐年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增加的(de)趨勢(shi)。

自然生態環境和人(ren)文歷史因(yin)素

1、土壤地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)情況(kuang)：赤(chi)峰(feng)市積極發(fa)展雜糧種植產業，在(zai)現有(you)耕地(di)(di)(di)(di)面積1600萬(wan)畝(mu)的基礎上，雜糧播(bo)種面積常年(nian)穩定在(zai)800萬(wan)畝(mu)左右，居(ju)全國之首(shou)。赤(chi)峰(feng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)處大(da)(da)興(xing)安(an)嶺南段(duan)(duan)和(he)燕山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)北麓山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)，分布在(zai)西拉木倫河(he)南北與(yu)老(lao)哈河(he)流(liu)域廣大(da)(da)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)，呈三面環山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，西高(gao)東低(di)，多山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)多丘陵(ling)的地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)特(te)征。山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)約(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)赤(chi)峰(feng)市總面積的42%；丘陵(ling)約(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)24%；高(gao)平(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)約(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)9%；平(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)約(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)25%。大(da)(da)體分為(wei)(wei)(wei)四個地(di)(di)(di)(di)形區(qu)(qu)：北部(bu)(bu)(bu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)丘陵(ling)區(qu)(qu)；南部(bu)(bu)(bu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)丘陵(ling)區(qu)(qu)；西部(bu)(bu)(bu)高(gao)平(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)區(qu)(qu)；東部(bu)(bu)(bu)平(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)區(qu)(qu)，海(hai)拔(ba)高(gao)300-2000米(mi)。東部(bu)(bu)(bu)在(zai)西拉木倫河(he)與(yu)老(lao)哈河(he)匯流(liu)處大(da)(da)興(xing)三角地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)，海(hai)拔(ba)高(gao)不足300米(mi)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)赤(chi)峰(feng)市地(di)(di)(di)(di)勢最低(di)地(di)(di)(di)(di)帶；西部(bu)(bu)(bu)克(ke)旗、郊(jiao)區(qu)(qu)和(he)河(he)北省圍場縣交界處的大(da)(da)光頂子山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，海(hai)拔(ba)高(gao)2067米(mi)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)赤(chi)峰(feng)市第(di)一(yi)高(gao)峰(feng)。主要山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈有(you)大(da)(da)興(xing)安(an)嶺南段(duan)(duan)，努(nu)魯(lu)兒虎和(he)七(qi)老(lao)圖三條山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈。赤(chi)峰(feng)市的土地(di)(di)(di)(di)資源特(te)點是，地(di)(di)(di)(di)處內蒙古高(gao)平(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)向松遼平(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)過渡地(di)(di)(di)(di)帶，北部(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)興(xing)安(an)嶺南段(duan)(duan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)，燕山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)系的七(qi)老(lao)圖山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)屏于西部(bu)(bu)(bu)，努(nu)魯(lu)爾虎山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)呈于東南側，構成了三面環山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的半環形，地(di)(di)(di)(di)勢西高(gao)東低(di)，海(hai)拔(ba)一(yi)般在(zai)500—1500米(mi)之間，海(hai)拔(ba)最高(gao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)2067米(mi)。地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)形態可(ke)分為(wei)(wei)(wei)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)、高(gao)平(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)、熔巖臺地(di)(di)(di)(di)、低(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)丘陵(ling)、沙(sha)丘平(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)。其中山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)面積占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)17.74%；高(gao)平(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)5.72%；熔巖臺地(di)(di)(di)(di)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)3.21%；低(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)丘陵(ling)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)19.44%；黃土丘陵(ling)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)22.9%；河(he)谷平(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)8.17%；沙(sha)地(di)(di)(di)(di)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)23.3%。

2、水(shui)(shui)(shui)文情況：全市(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)資源總量(liang)為(wei)42.7億立(li)方(fang)米，有烏力吉木淪河(he)(he)、西(xi)(xi)拉(la)沐淪河(he)(he)、老(lao)哈(ha)河(he)(he)、敖來河(he)(he)、灤(luan)河(he)(he)、大凌河(he)(he)六條外流(liu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系和(he)內(nei)陸(lu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系共308條大小(xiao)河(he)(he)流(liu)，72處(chu)天然湖(hu)泊。最大的湖(hu)泊為(wei)達里諾(nuo)爾湖(hu)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)面面積為(wei)35.7萬畝。地(di)表水(shui)(shui)(shui)徑流(liu)量(liang)32.6億立(li)方(fang)米，地(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)可開采10億立(li)方(fang)米。人(ren)均占有水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)670立(li)方(fang)米。耕地(di)畝均占有水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)323.7立(li)方(fang)米。西(xi)(xi)遼(liao)河(he)(he)的兩條主(zhu)要支流(liu)西(xi)(xi)拉(la)沐淪河(he)(he)、老(lao)哈(ha)河(he)(he)都在赤峰境(jing)內(nei)，大小(xiao)干支流(liu)達40余條，有達里諾(nuo)爾等(deng)湖(hu)泊58處(chu)，地(di)表水(shui)(shui)(shui)總量(liang)為(wei)32.7億立(li)方(fang)米，地(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)可采集量(liang)為(wei)10億立(li)方(fang)米。

3、氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候情況：赤峰市屬中(zhong)溫(wen)帶半干旱大(da)陸性季(ji)(ji)風(feng)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候區(qu)。冬季(ji)(ji)漫長(chang)而寒(han)冷，春季(ji)(ji)干旱多大(da)風(feng)，夏季(ji)(ji)短促炎熱、雨水(shui)集中(zhong)，秋季(ji)(ji)短促、氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)下降(jiang)快、霜凍降(jiang)臨早。大(da)部(bu)地(di)(di)區(qu)年平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)為(wei)(wei)0—7℃，最冷月（1月）平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)為(wei)(wei)-10℃左右，極(ji)端最低氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)-27℃；最熱月（7月）平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)在(zai)20—24℃之間。年降(jiang)水(shui)量的(de)地(di)(di)理分(fen)布(bu)受地(di)(di)形影響(xiang)十(shi)分(fen)明顯，不(bu)同地(di)(di)區(qu)差別很大(da)，有300—500毫米不(bu)等。大(da)部(bu)地(di)(di)區(qu)年日照(zhao)時數為(wei)(wei)2700—3100小時。每當5—9月天空無云時，日照(zhao)時數可長(chang)達(da)12—14小時。

地域范圍

赤(chi)(chi)峰市(shi)地處(chu)內(nei)(nei)蒙(meng)古自治(zhi)區東(dong)南部，東(dong)北(bei)(bei)地區西(xi)(xi)(xi)端，西(xi)(xi)(xi)遼(liao)河上游，大興(xing)安嶺西(xi)(xi)(xi)南段山(shan)脈與(yu)燕山(shan)北(bei)(bei)麓山(shan)地、內(nei)(nei)蒙(meng)古高(gao)原、西(xi)(xi)(xi)遼(liao)河平原的復合截接(jie)部位(wei)。地理(li)坐標(biao)：北(bei)(bei)緯41°17'10"-45°24'15"，東(dong)經116°21'07"-120°58'52"。總(zong)面(mian)積(ji)為(wei)90021平方公里，東(dong)西(xi)(xi)(xi)最(zui)寬375公里，南北(bei)(bei)最(zui)長457.5公里。東(dong)南與(yu)遼(liao)寧省朝陽(yang)市(shi)接(jie)壤(rang)，西(xi)(xi)(xi)南與(yu)河北(bei)(bei)省承德(de)地區交界(jie)，西(xi)(xi)(xi)部和北(bei)(bei)部與(yu)內(nei)(nei)蒙(meng)古自治(zhi)區錫林郭(guo)勒(le)盟接(jie)連，東(dong)與(yu)通遼(liao)市(shi)毗鄰。赤(chi)(chi)峰綠豆農(nong)產品地理(li)標(biao)志保(bao)護(hu)范圍為(wei)赤(chi)(chi)峰市(shi)12旗縣區132個蘇木（鄉鎮(zhen)），2014年赤(chi)(chi)峰綠豆播種面(mian)積(ji)43717公頃(qing)，總(zong)產量為(wei)32200噸，單(dan)產為(wei)737公斤/公頃(qing)。

品質特性特征

1、外在感(gan)官特征：粒(li)大顆均、深(shen)綠有(you)光，性(xing)喜溫(wen)暖，耐旱，適應性(xing)強(qiang)，生長期短，具有(you)豆味濃香(xiang)、好煮(zhu)易爛的特點(dian)。

2、內(nei)在品質指標：檢測結果顯示赤峰綠豆蛋(dan)白質含量(liang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)24.0～24.5g/100g；脂肪含量(liang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)1.02～1.14g/100g；維生素E含量(liang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)2.56～3.54mg/100g；維生素B1含量(liang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)0.11～0.23mg/100g；鈣含量(liang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)107～113mg/100g；磷含量(liang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)343～364mg/100g；鉀含量(liang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)1.12×103；特別是綠豆蛋(dan)白中的(de)賴氨(an)酸類(lei)，不能在人體(ti)中合成，靠(kao)食用(yong)豆類(lei)吸收，所以綠豆具有重要(yao)的(de)保健和(he)藥用(yong)價值(zhi)。其清熱、解(jie)毒、性甘涼。