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一.產品介紹

化(hua)德縣(xian)(xian)地(di)(di)(di)處(chu)內(nei)蒙古大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)草原南緣，清末民(min)初，清王朝(chao)實(shi)行“招墾實(shi)邊”政策，使得山西、河北農(nong)(nong)民(min)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)批涌入(ru)境內(nei)開(kai)荒種(zhong)地(di)(di)(di)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)白(bai)(bai)(bai)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)基本屬于一(yi)家(jia)一(yi)戶小面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)種(zhong)植，僅供自家(jia)食(shi)用(yong)，多余的(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)白(bai)(bai)(bai)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)會拿到(dao)集市上出售。直(zhi)到(dao)新中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)成(cheng)立(li)后(hou)，當(dang)(dang)(dang)地(di)(di)(di)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)白(bai)(bai)(bai)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)才(cai)有了較大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)發展。1999年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)水(shui)澆(jiao)地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)恢復到(dao)28250畝(mu)，2004年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)達(da)到(dao)5.08萬畝(mu)，隨著水(shui)澆(jiao)地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)擴大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)，當(dang)(dang)(dang)地(di)(di)(di)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)白(bai)(bai)(bai)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業得到(dao)快(kuai)速發展，2004年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)總(zong)播面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)70.32萬畝(mu)，其中(zhong)(zhong)以(yi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)白(bai)(bai)(bai)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)為主的(de)(de)蔬菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)種(zhong)植面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)達(da)到(dao)4萬畝(mu)，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量達(da)16.6萬噸。通過節水(shui)灌(guan)溉工程實(shi)施，目前(qian)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)白(bai)(bai)(bai)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)種(zhong)植面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)已經發展到(dao)了7.5萬畝(mu)。據當(dang)(dang)(dang)地(di)(di)(di)傳說、流傳典故以(yi)及老人(ren)講述：在(zai)明朝(chao)初年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，明成(cheng)祖朱棣出征(zheng)平定漠北和(he)征(zheng)討蒙古韃靼等部(bu)落(luo)時，途(tu)經哈(ha)必嘎(ga)、萬隆(long)店（康(kang)保境）入(ru)嘉卜寺(si)（化(hua)德境內(nei)），很(hen)多士兵手心(xin)和(he)腳心(xin)起(qi)泡，不能行軍、拿不了武器，軍中(zhong)(zhong)有名老中(zhong)(zhong)醫建(jian)議就(jiu)(jiu)地(di)(di)(di)取材，用(yong)白(bai)(bai)(bai)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)和(he)板藍根熬湯服(fu)用(yong)并(bing)擦洗(xi)，士兵的(de)(de)病情(qing)逐步好轉并(bing)且很(hen)快(kuai)痊(quan)愈。民(min)國(guo)22年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（公(gong)元(yuan)1933年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）察(cha)哈(ha)爾省政府(fu)主席兼第29軍軍長(chang)宋哲元(yuan)到(dao)化(hua)德境內(nei)視察(cha)軍務，并(bing)在(zai)朝(chao)陽、嘉卜寺(si)等地(di)(di)(di)部(bu)署駐(zhu)軍，部(bu)隊伙食(shi)就(jiu)(jiu)以(yi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)白(bai)(bai)(bai)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)為主要蔬菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)。1958年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)冬到(dao)1959年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)秋，全(quan)(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)辦公(gong)共(gong)(gong)食(shi)堂，社員村(cun)民(min)到(dao)公(gong)共(gong)(gong)食(shi)堂吃集體飯，主要食(shi)材也以(yi)當(dang)(dang)(dang)地(di)(di)(di)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)白(bai)(bai)(bai)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)為主。1977年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)8月內(nei)蒙古自治(zhi)區(qu)畜牧(mu)局在(zai)化(hua)德縣(xian)(xian)召開(kai)全(quan)(quan)(quan)區(qu)青(qing)貯飼料現場會，推(tui)廣化(hua)德縣(xian)(xian)“立(li)秋貯青(qing)草、白(bai)(bai)(bai)露(lu)貯山藥(yao)秧、秋分(fen)貯白(bai)(bai)(bai)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)葉”的(de)(de)經驗。由此可見，化(hua)德大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)白(bai)(bai)(bai)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)在(zai)當(dang)(dang)(dang)地(di)(di)(di)有著悠久的(de)(de)的(de)(de)種(zhong)植歷(li)史、發展過程以(yi)及很(hen)高(gao)的(de)(de)食(shi)用(yong)藥(yao)用(yong)價(jia)值。目前(qian)化(hua)德縣(xian)(xian)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)白(bai)(bai)(bai)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)種(zhong)植面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)已發展到(dao)7.5萬畝(mu)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量45萬噸，是烏蘭察(cha)布(bu)以(yi)致全(quan)(quan)(quan)內(nei)蒙古最大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)白(bai)(bai)(bai)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)縣(xian)(xian)。2004年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)通過國(guo)家(jia)農(nong)(nong)業部(bu)無(wu)公(gong)害產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)和(he)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)認定，同年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)被自治(zhi)區(qu)農(nong)(nong)牧(mu)業廳授予“無(wu)公(gong)害大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)白(bai)(bai)(bai)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)基地(di)(di)(di)”，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)深受外來商客和(he)消費者的(de)(de)青(qing)睞(lai)并(bing)遠銷(xiao)北京、天津、廣州(zhou)、上海、杭州(zhou)等全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)各大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)城市。

二(er).自(zi)然生(sheng)態環境(jing)和人文歷史因素

1、土(tu)壤(rang)地(di)(di)貌情況：化(hua)德縣(xian)(xian)境內(nei)地(di)(di)貌總體趨勢(shi)是西(xi)高(gao)東(dong)低(di)，中部凸起(qi)，形成高(gao)低(di)起(qi)伏(fu)態勢(shi)。海拔高(gao)度在1244—1719米(mi)之間(jian)。按(an)地(di)(di)貌特點分為低(di)山(shan)丘(qiu)(qiu)陵區(qu)(qu)、緩(huan)坡丘(qiu)(qiu)陵區(qu)(qu)、山(shan)間(jian)盆地(di)(di)、山(shan)間(jian)洼(wa)(wa)地(di)(di)、河(he)谷(gu)洼(wa)(wa)地(di)(di)、波狀(zhuang)高(gao)原六種類(lei)型。低(di)山(shan)丘(qiu)(qiu)陵區(qu)(qu)占縣(xian)(xian)域(yu)(yu)面積21.9%、緩(huan)坡丘(qiu)(qiu)陵區(qu)(qu)縣(xian)(xian)域(yu)(yu)面積19.7%、山(shan)間(jian)盆地(di)(di)縣(xian)(xian)域(yu)(yu)面積12.5%、山(shan)間(jian)洼(wa)(wa)地(di)(di)縣(xian)(xian)域(yu)(yu)面積29.4%、河(he)谷(gu)洼(wa)(wa)地(di)(di)縣(xian)(xian)域(yu)(yu)面積3.8%、波狀(zhuang)高(gao)原縣(xian)(xian)域(yu)(yu)面積12.7%。據1983年縣(xian)(xian)土(tu)壤(rang)普查(cha)和(he)1989—1992年縣(xian)(xian)內(nei)土(tu)地(di)(di)資源調查(cha)，化(hua)德縣(xian)(xian)土(tu)壤(rang)分布有(you)栗鈣土(tu)、草甸(dian)土(tu)、鹽(yan)土(tu)3個(ge)土(tu)類(lei)，8個(ge)亞類(lei)，21個(ge)土(tu)屬(shu)，108個(ge)土(tu)種。草甸(dian)土(tu)分布比較(jiao)分散(san)，主要分布在山(shan)間(jian)盆地(di)(di)、河(he)谷(gu)洼(wa)(wa)地(di)(di)。成土(tu)母質為沖洪積物，有(you)機質含量較(jiao)高(gao)，在2.5-2.9%之間(jian)。 

2、氣(qi)候情況：化德(de)縣屬(shu)中溫(wen)(wen)帶半干(gan)旱大(da)(da)陸性季風(feng)氣(qi)候，主要氣(qi)候特點是日(ri)(ri)(ri)照時間長，光能充(chong)足，寒暑(shu)劇變(bian)，晝(zhou)夜(ye)溫(wen)(wen)差大(da)(da)，風(feng)沙日(ri)(ri)(ri)數多(duo)，蒸發量(liang)大(da)(da)，氣(qi)候干(gan)燥，有利于營養物質的(de)積(ji)累(lei)。年平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)2.5℃，無霜期年平(ping)均(jun)103天(tian)(tian)(tian)，≥0℃積(ji)溫(wen)(wen)2502.7℃，持續(xu)(xu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)數196天(tian)(tian)(tian)；≥5℃積(ji)溫(wen)(wen)23388℃，持續(xu)(xu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)數160天(tian)(tian)(tian)；≥10℃積(ji)溫(wen)(wen)19274℃，持續(xu)(xu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)數117天(tian)(tian)(tian)。境內多(duo)晴(qing)朗(lang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)氣(qi)，大(da)(da)氣(qi)透光好，光照時間長，太(tai)陽(yang)光幅射強度大(da)(da)，光能源(yuan)豐(feng)富(fu)。平(ping)均(jun)年日(ri)(ri)(ri)照時數3078.7小(xiao)時，年日(ri)(ri)(ri)照率69%。年平(ping)均(jun)降(jiang)水(shui)量(liang)329.9毫米(mi)，降(jiang)水(shui)集中在(zai)6-8月，占(zhan)全年降(jiang)水(shui)量(liang)的(de)60-75%。年平(ping)均(jun)相對(dui)濕度56%。年蒸發量(liang)較大(da)(da)，平(ping)均(jun)蒸發量(liang)2046.1毫米(mi)，是年降(jiang)水(shui)量(liang)的(de)6.2倍。

三.地域范圍

化德縣(xian)(xian)(xian)屬內(nei)蒙古(gu)自治(zhi)區，是烏蘭(lan)察布市以農業生產為主(zhu)的旗縣(xian)(xian)(xian)之一，位于半農半牧(mu)交錯帶。地(di)處內(nei)蒙古(gu)中部，烏蘭(lan)察布市最東(dong)端(duan)，地(di)理坐標為東(dong)經113°33′04″—114°48′13″，北(bei)緯41°36′47″—42°17′41″之間。北(bei)與(yu)(yu)錫(xi)林郭勒(le)盟鑲黃旗接壤(rang)，西、西南與(yu)(yu)商(shang)都(dou)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)相連，東(dong)、東(dong)南與(yu)(yu)河(he)北(bei)省康保縣(xian)(xian)(xian)交界，東(dong)北(bei)與(yu)(yu)正鑲白旗毗鄰(lin)。東(dong)西長(chang)108.5公(gong)里(li)(li)，南北(bei)寬72公(gong)里(li)(li)，總面(mian)積(ji)2527平(ping)方公(gong)里(li)(li)。行(xing)政劃分為6個(ge)鄉鎮(zhen)，保護地(di)域包括上(shang)述全部鄉鎮(zhen)朝陽鎮(zhen)、長(chang)順鎮(zhen)、七(qi)號鎮(zhen)、白音特拉(la)鄉、德包圖鄉、公(gong)臘胡洞鄉，93個(ge)行(xing)政村內(nei)。保護規模(mo)為年產量為45萬噸。

四.產品(pin)品(pin)質特性特征(zheng)

1、外(wai)在感(gan)官(guan)特征：化德(de)大(da)白菜葉(xie)(xie)(xie)球(qiu)彈頭(tou)形(xing)、半疊抱直筒型，橫徑(jing)18-25cm，縱(zong)徑(jing)25-30cm，單株重(zhong)4kg左右，外(wai)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)濃綠、內葉(xie)(xie)(xie)嫩黃、葉(xie)(xie)(xie)幫質(zhi)嫩，葉(xie)(xie)(xie)柄(bing)汁多甜脆(cui)，氣味清新，糖分含(han)量(liang)高(gao)、纖(xian)維較少(shao)、口感(gan)好，品質(zhi)佳。

2、內在品(pin)質指標：化德(de)大白菜(cai)(cai)營養成(cheng)分含(han)量參(can)照(zhao)范圍：蛋白質：1.1-1.5g/100g；粗(cu)纖維：0.4-1.0g/100g；Vc:10.2-16.1mg/100g；煙酸(suan)：0.1-0.4mg/100g；鐵：2.1-2.6mg/100g；鉀(jia)：128-133mg/100g；鈣：35-52mg/100g；鎂：5.4-12.3mg/100g。獨(du)(du)特(te)的地理環境和自然氣候造就了其獨(du)(du)特(te)的品(pin)質。化德(de)大白菜(cai)(cai)含(han)較(jiao)多(duo)維生(sheng)素，與肉類同食(shi)，既可增添(tian)肉的鮮美味(wei)道，又可減(jian)少(shao)肉中(zhong)亞硝酸(suan)鹽(yan)類物質和亞硝酸(suan)鹽(yan)的產生(sheng)。特(te)別適合用于燉、炒、熘、拌以及做餡、配菜(cai)(cai)。除供(gong)熟食(shi)之(zhi)外(wai)，還(huan)可以加工成(cheng)菜(cai)(cai)干(gan)或腌制品(pin)，具有“開胃、健脾、補充(chong)維生(sheng)素”等功效。