一.產品介紹
1、地(di)域范圍 富(fu)錦(jin)市位(wei)于黑龍(long)江(jiang)(jiang)省東北部,三江(jiang)(jiang)平原腹地(di)松花江(jiang)(jiang)下(xia)游南岸,東經131°49′48″-133°09′40″之(zhi)間(jian),北緯46°42′40″-47°13′40″之(zhi)間(jian),轄十鎮(zhen)(zhen)一區,266個行政村(cun)。在(zai)大榆樹鎮(zhen)(zhen)、向陽川鎮(zhen)(zhen)、二(er)龍(long)山鎮(zhen)(zhen)、硯(yan)山鎮(zhen)(zhen)、頭(tou)林(lin)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、興隆鎮(zhen)(zhen)、宏勝鎮(zhen)(zhen)、長(chang)安鎮(zhen)(zhen)、上街基鎮(zhen)(zhen)、錦(jin)山鎮(zhen)(zhen)和城關(guan)社區共266個行政村(cun)劃定(ding)為農產(chan)品富(fu)錦(jin)大豆地(di)理標志區域保護(hu)范圍。大豆種(zhong)植面積16.67萬(wan)公頃,年生產(chan)總量(liang)45萬(wan)噸(dun),年產(chan)值15億元。
2、生(sheng)產特點:農產品“富錦大豆”地(di)(di)理(li)標志區域保(bao)(bao)護范圍(wei)的(de)土壤以草甸土、黑土為(wei)主,開(kai)墾晚,肥(fei)力(li)高,土壤結構好,耕層較深厚,保(bao)(bao)水(shui)(shui)保(bao)(bao)肥(fei),易于(yu)耕作(zuo)(zuo)。我(wo)市由于(yu)緯度(du)值較高,另(ling)外,大豆脂肪含(han)量又是(shi)隨(sui)著緯度(du)的(de)升(sheng)高而增加(一般油(you)脂含(han)19—22%),百粒(li)重也提(ti)高(百粒(li)重為(wei)18—22克之間),由于(yu)大豆品質(zhi)與緯度(du)的(de)相關性,我(wo)市所處的(de)地(di)(di)理(li)位置,也正(zheng)是(shi)適合(he)高油(you)大豆栽(zai)培的(de)最佳區域。地(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)資源豐富,凈貯量264萬立方(fang)米,可開(kai)采量為(wei)168萬立方(fang)米,河流夏季蓄水(shui)(shui)充(chong)足、無“三廢(fei)”污染(ran)具備良好的(de)灌溉大豆種植用水(shui)(shui)條件。灌溉水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)量符合(he)GB 5084-1992規定(ding)。日(ri)照(zhao)時數(shu)2600小時左(zuo)右,熱(re)量充(chong)足雨(yu)(yu)量充(chong)沛,光照(zhao)充(chong)足,年降雨(yu)(yu)量565毫(hao)米,為(wei)半濕潤冷氣侯,常年積(ji)溫(wen)2600℃,其中:有效積(ji)溫(wen)2300-2500℃,生(sheng)育日(ri)數(shu)135天(tian)左(zuo)右,無霜期130-140天(tian),年平均風(feng)速(su)為(wei)4.5米/秒,雨(yu)(yu)熱(re)同季,有利于(yu)作(zuo)(zuo)物生(sheng)長發育。
3、品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)特色(se):外在感官特征:富錦大豆成熟粒(li)呈圓型和(he)橢(tuo)圓形,色(se)澤光(guang)滑、微黃或黃色(se),臍為深色(se)和(he)淡色(se)兩種(zhong)(zhong),顆粒(li)飽滿。內在品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)指標:我市目前試驗基(ji)地為生(sheng)產基(ji)地而(er)儲(chu)備的高(gao)油大豆新品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(系(xi))脂肪含量(liang)都(dou)(dou)大于22%;高(gao)蛋(dan)白大豆新品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(系(xi))蛋(dan)白質(zhi)(zhi)含量(liang)都(dou)(dou)大于43%,大豆品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)明顯得到改善。
4、人(ren)文歷史:富(fu)錦(jin)(jin)大豆久負(fu)盛名,種植(zhi)(zhi)歷史比較悠(you)久。在清(qing)末(mo)公(gong)元1890年(nian)(清(qing)光(guang)緒十六年(nian)),清(qing)政府(fu)開始在無人(ren)墾(ken)殖的北(bei)大荒招(zhao)民(min)引佃,拓荒農耕。1912年(nian),中(zhong)華民(min)國初期,闖關(guan)東的人(ren)們積(ji)聚在北(bei)大荒的松花江下游(you)南岸富(fu)錦(jin)(jin)區域跑馬占荒,開墾(ken)土地,種植(zhi)(zhi)大豆,使大豆種植(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)積(ji)逐漸增多。現在已(yi)成為黑(hei)龍(long)江大豆主要生產基地和富(fu)錦(jin)(jin)市(shi)糧食的主導產業之(zhi)一,是農民(min)經(jing)濟收入的一項主要來源。富(fu)錦(jin)(jin)市(shi)政府(fu)連續三(san)年(nian)在金秋收獲時期組(zu)織“金豆節”專題宣傳和推介大豆交易(yi)等(deng)活動,全力打造(zao)“中(zhong)國大豆之(zhi)鄉(xiang)”、“富(fu)錦(jin)(jin)大豆”品牌。
二.自(zi)然生(sheng)態環境和人(ren)文歷史因素
1.地(di)質地(di)貌:大(da)(da)致西南略高,平均海拔(ba)(ba)60米之間(jian),中部(bu)低洼平坦,是沖擊(ji)平原。完達山(shan)余脈(mo)延(yan)伸(shen)到(dao)市境,距市城(cheng)西30公里有別拉音子山(shan),海拔(ba)(ba)472.8米,向東(dong)延(yan)伸(shen)形成西安大(da)(da)崗;市城(cheng)東(dong)11公里有烏爾古(gu)力山(shan),海拔(ba)(ba)528.7米,向東(dong)延(yan)伸(shen)與(yu)二龍山(shan)一脈(mo)相(xiang)連(lian)。全市90%的(de)耕地(di)為平原或低平原,劃(hua)定(ding)農產品(pin)“富錦大(da)(da)豆”地(di)理標志區(qu)域保護范圍(wei)的(de)土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)以草(cao)甸土(tu)、黑土(tu)為主(zhu),開(kai)墾晚,肥力高,土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)結(jie)構好,耕層較(jiao)深厚,保水保肥,易于耕作。
2.水文(wen)情(qing)況:富(fu)(fu)錦(jin)市主要河流有松花江、七星河、撓力(li)河、富(fu)(fu)錦(jin)支(zhi)河、頭林排(pai)干(gan)、錦(jin)西(xi)排(pai)干(gan)在區域(yu)內環繞(rao)。流域(yu)面積較大,水域(yu)寬(kuan)闊,水質良好(hao)(hao)。地下水資源豐(feng)富(fu)(fu),凈(jing)貯量(liang)264萬立(li)方米,可開采量(liang)為168萬立(li)方米,河流夏季蓄(xu)水充足(zu)、無(wu)“三(san)廢”污染(ran)具備良好(hao)(hao)的(de)灌溉(gai)大豆種(zhong)植用水條件。灌溉(gai)水質量(liang)符合GB5084-1992規定。
3.氣候情(qing)況:我市地(di)處黑龍江(jiang)東北(bei)部,屬(shu)北(bei)方長(chang)日照(zhao)區(qu)域(yu),日照(zhao)時數2600小時左右(you),熱(re)量(liang)充足雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)充沛,光照(zhao)充足,年(nian)(nian)降雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)565毫米(mi),為半濕(shi)潤冷(leng)氣侯,常年(nian)(nian)積(ji)溫2600℃,其中:有效積(ji)溫2300-2500℃,生(sheng)育日數135天左右(you),無(wu)霜期130-140天,年(nian)(nian)平均風速為4.5米(mi)/秒,雨(yu)(yu)熱(re)同(tong)季(ji),有利于作物生(sheng)長(chang)發育。
4.人文歷(li)史(shi)情況:富(fu)錦大(da)(da)豆(dou)久負(fu)盛名(ming),種(zhong)植歷(li)史(shi)比較(jiao)悠久。在(zai)清(qing)末公元1890年(nian)(清(qing)光緒十六年(nian)),清(qing)政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)開(kai)始在(zai)無人墾(ken)殖的(de)(de)(de)北(bei)大(da)(da)荒(huang)招(zhao)民引佃,拓荒(huang)農(nong)耕。1912年(nian),中華民國初期,闖關東的(de)(de)(de)人們積聚在(zai)北(bei)大(da)(da)荒(huang)的(de)(de)(de)松花江下游南岸富(fu)錦區域跑馬(ma)占荒(huang),開(kai)墾(ken)土地(di),種(zhong)植大(da)(da)豆(dou),使大(da)(da)豆(dou)種(zhong)植面積逐漸(jian)增(zeng)多(duo)。現在(zai)已成(cheng)為黑龍(long)江大(da)(da)豆(dou)主要(yao)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)基地(di)和富(fu)錦市糧(liang)食的(de)(de)(de)主導(dao)產(chan)(chan)業之(zhi)一(yi),是農(nong)民經(jing)濟收入的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)項主要(yao)來源(yuan)。富(fu)錦市政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)連(lian)續(xu)三(san)年(nian)在(zai)金秋收獲時期組織“金豆(dou)節”專題宣傳和推介大(da)(da)豆(dou)交易等(deng)活動,全(quan)力(li)打(da)造“中國大(da)(da)豆(dou)之(zhi)鄉”、“富(fu)之(zhi)錦”品牌(pai)。
三.地域范圍
富(fu)錦市位于(yu)黑龍江(jiang)(jiang)省東(dong)(dong)北(bei)部,三江(jiang)(jiang)平原腹地(di)松花江(jiang)(jiang)下游南岸(an),東(dong)(dong)經131°49′48″-133°09′40″之(zhi)間,北(bei)緯46°42′40″-47°13′40″之(zhi)間,境內西(xi)與(yu)集賢縣(xian)交界(jie),南以撓(nao)力河(he)為界(jie)與(yu)寶(bao)清(qing)縣(xian)、友誼(yi)縣(xian)相接,東(dong)(dong)北(bei)部與(yu)同江(jiang)(jiang)市接壤(rang),東(dong)(dong)與(yu)饒河(he)縣(xian)為鄰,土地(di)集中連(lian)片,轄十鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)一(yi)區 ,266個行政村(cun)。在大(da)榆樹鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、向陽川鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、二龍山(shan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、硯山(shan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、頭林(lin)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、興隆鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、宏(hong)勝鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、長安鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、上街(jie)基鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、錦山(shan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)和城(cheng)關(guan)社區劃定為農(nong)產品(pin)富(fu)錦大(da)豆地(di)理標志(zhi)區域保護范圍(wei)共320000公頃。
四.產品(pin)品(pin)質特性特征
我(wo)市由(you)于緯(wei)度(du)(du)值較高(gao),另外,大(da)(da)豆脂肪含(han)量又是隨著(zhu)緯(wei)度(du)(du)的升高(gao)而增加(一(yi)般油(you)(you)脂含(han)量在19-22%),百粒重(zhong)也提高(gao)(百粒重(zhong)為18-22克之間),由(you)于大(da)(da)豆品質與緯(wei)度(du)(du)的相關性,我(wo)市所(suo)處的地理位置,也正(zheng)是適合(he)高(gao)油(you)(you)大(da)(da)豆栽(zai)培的最佳區域。
1.外在(zai)感官特征:富錦大豆成熟粒呈(cheng)圓型和橢圓形(xing),色(se)澤光滑、微黃或黃色(se),粒大,粒圓,飽滿;皮薄(bo),臍色(se)淡(dan)黃白。
2.內(nei)在(zai)品(pin)質指標(biao):我市目前(qian)試(shi)驗基(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)為生產(chan)(chan)基(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)而儲備的(de)高油大(da)豆新品(pin)種(系)脂肪含量(liang)大(da)于(yu)23%,高于(yu)普通大(da)豆2-3%。 3.質量(liang)安全(quan):大(da)豆生產(chan)(chan)環(huan)境質量(liang)達到NY5332-2006產(chan)(chan)地(di)環(huan)境條件標(biao)準(zhun),產(chan)(chan)品(pin)質量(liang)達到NY5310-2005食品(pin)標(biao)準(zhun),投入(ru)品(pin)嚴(yan)格(ge)執行NY/T393綠(lv)色食品(pin)農藥使(shi)用準(zhun)則(ze)(ze)NY/T394綠(lv)色食品(pin)肥料使(shi)用準(zhun)則(ze)(ze)。建立環(huan)境保(bao)護(hu)(hu)制度。嚴(yan)格(ge)控制在(zai)基(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)方圓(yuan)5公里(li)和上風向20公里(li)范(fan)圍(wei)內(nei)新建有污(wu)染源的(de)工(gong)礦企業(ye),防止工(gong)業(ye)“三(san)廢”污(wu)染基(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di);設立環(huan)境保(bao)護(hu)(hu)標(biao)志(zhi)牌(pai);標(biao)志(zhi)范(fan)圍(wei)內(nei)的(de)畜禽養殖場糞水要經過(guo)無(wu)害化處(chu)理,施用的(de)農家(jia)肥必須經高溫(wen)發酵腐熟(shu),確(que)保(bao)無(wu)害化生產(chan)(chan)。
五.特定生產(chan)方式
1.產(chan)(chan)地環境(jing)質量要求:產(chan)(chan)地環境(jing)符合(he)無公(gong)害農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品產(chan)(chan)地環境(jing)條(tiao)件質量標(biao)準(zhun)(NY5332-2006)產(chan)(chan)地平坦,土質較肥沃,提(ti)倡節水灌溉,收(shou)獲后及時清潔(jie)農(nong)田,銷(xiao)毀殘肢敗(bai)葉。土壤質量應符合(he)GB15618-1995規定。
2.產地(di)(di)(di)條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)(jian)(jian):1.1氣候條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)(jian)(jian):富(fu)錦年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)溫(wen)度3.6℃左右,年(nian)降水量565mm,無霜期140天(tian)左右,農(nong)作物農(nong)作物生長期130天(tian)左右,光照充足(zu),日照和熱量條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)(jian)(jian)適應于(yu)作物生長,有利(li)于(yu)大(da)豆脂肪的積累,是理想(xiang)的優(you)質大(da)豆生產基地(di)(di)(di)。大(da)氣質量應符合GB3095-82規定。2.1.土(tu)壤條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)(jian)(jian):全市耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)土(tu)壤以(yi)草(cao)甸土(tu)、黑土(tu)為主(zhu),其(qi)次為白漿土(tu)。開(kai)(kai)墾(ken)晚,肥力高,土(tu)壤結(jie)構好(hao),耕(geng)層(ceng)較(jiao)深厚,保(bao)水保(bao)肥。土(tu)壤有機質含量平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)達到(dao)5.2%,最高達8.4%,是全國平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)值(zhi)的6倍。pH值(zhi)為6.5-7.5。 2.2.環境(jing)(jing)條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)(jian)(jian):在無污染(ran)和生態(tai)環境(jing)(jing)條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)(jian)(jian)良好(hao)的地(di)(di)(di)區,避開(kai)(kai)工業和城市污染(ran)源的影響,生產基地(di)(di)(di)具有可持續(xu)生產能(neng)力。
3.栽(zai)(zai)培技術(shu)(shu): 整地(di)(di)(di):播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)前(qian)深松細耙,使土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)疏松,土(tu)面(mian)平(ping)整。前(qian)茬(cha)以(yi)(yi)(yi)玉米(mi)、馬鈴薯、小麥為(wei)主. 施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei):施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)應(ying)施(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)符合(he)NY/T394要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)的肥(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)。農(nong)(nong)家(jia)(jia)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)的施(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong):一(yi)(yi)(yi)般肥(fei)(fei)(fei)力地(di)(di)(di)塊每(mei)(mei)公頃(qing)施(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)優(you)質農(nong)(nong)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)15噸(dun)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)。肥(fei)(fei)(fei)力低(di)的崗坡地(di)(di)(di)每(mei)(mei)公頃(qing)施(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)農(nong)(nong)家(jia)(jia)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)應(ying)在(zai)20噸(dun)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)。還可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)在(zai)收割(ge)(ge)時(shi)聯全收割(ge)(ge)機配(pei)帶秸稈(gan)粉碎機,將秸稈(gan)粉碎后(hou)均(jun)勻拋撒(sa)于(yu)地(di)(di)(di)面(mian),增加(jia)(jia)土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)力。化肥(fei)(fei)(fei)的施(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong):如每(mei)(mei)公頃(qing)施(shi)(shi)磷酸(suan)二銨(an)75kg,深施(shi)(shi)于(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)下(xia)(xia)4cm-5cm處,切忌(ji)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)同位,以(yi)(yi)(yi)免燒種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。 品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)擇(ze)(ze):品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)先用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)脂肪(fang)含量(liang)22%以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)或(huo)蛋白質含量(liang)42%以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang),適宜富(fu)錦市種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)樹的熟(shu)期(qi)(qi)適宜、抗病(bing)、抗逆(ni)性很強的合(he)豐41、墾農(nong)(nong)19、懇農(nong)(nong)18、合(he)豐47、綏農(nong)(nong)20、黑(hei)農(nong)(nong)35等高(gao)油或(huo)高(gao)蛋白優(you)質大(da)(da)豆(dou)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)必須(xu)進行(xing)(xing)精選(xuan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。 種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)質量(liang):凈(jing)度達(da)(da)到98%,純度達(da)(da)到98%,發芽(ya)率達(da)(da)到85%,質量(liang)達(da)(da)到種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)分級標準二級以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang),水(shui)(shui)分13.5%以(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)。 種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)包(bao)衣(yi):選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)專用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)衣(yi)劑(ji)進行(xing)(xing)包(bao)衣(yi),如2.5%的適樂(le)時(shi)懸(xuan)浮種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)衣(yi)劑(ji)按(an)每(mei)(mei)公斤種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)藥1-2ml進行(xing)(xing)包(bao)衣(yi),可(ke)減輕病(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)又能增加(jia)(jia)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)。 曬(shai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong):曬(shai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)可(ke)提高(gao)發芽(ya)率,改善種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)皮透(tou)氣(qi)、透(tou)水(shui)(shui)性,促進種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)后(hou)熟(shu).曬(shai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)可(ke)選(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)晴朗天(tian)氣(qi),曬(shai)7-10天(tian)。 拌種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong):每(mei)(mei)畝種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)10-15克鉬酸(suan)銨(an),用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)熱水(shui)(shui)溶解(jie),再用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)稀釋濃(nong)度為(wei)1:10或(huo)每(mei)(mei)公斤種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)0.5克鉬酸(suan)銨(an),溶解(jie)于(yu)20亳(bo)升(sheng)水(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong),然后(hou)與大(da)(da)豆(dou)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)混拌均(jun)勻,陰干(gan)后(hou)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),可(ke)促進秧(yang)苗生(sheng)長又能提高(gao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)。 播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)間(jian):地(di)(di)(di)溫通過(guo)7-8℃時(shi)開始(shi)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong).最佳播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)期(qi)(qi)為(wei)5月5日至15日。 播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)方式(shi)(shi): 3.1.大(da)(da)豆(dou)“壟(long)(long)(long)(long)三”栽(zai)(zai)培法:播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)時(shi),采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)機械在(zai)壟(long)(long)(long)(long)上(shang)進行(xing)(xing)雙(shuang)(shuang)條精量(liang)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),雙(shuang)(shuang)行(xing)(xing)間(jian)小行(xing)(xing)距(ju)(ju)10-12厘米(mi),株距(ju)(ju)8-10cm,采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)穴(xue)(xue)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)機在(zai)壟(long)(long)(long)(long)上(shang)進行(xing)(xing)等距(ju)(ju)穴(xue)(xue)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo),每(mei)(mei)穴(xue)(xue)18-20cm,每(mei)(mei)穴(xue)(xue)3-4株。 3.2.窄行(xing)(xing)密植(zhi)栽(zai)(zai)培法:采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)97.5-10.5壟(long)(long)(long)(long):壟(long)(long)(long)(long)上(shang)四行(xing)(xing)條播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo),中(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)寬行(xing)(xing)距(ju)(ju)15-18cm,兩邊窄行(xing)(xing)距(ju)(ju)12cm,株距(ju)(ju)10cm;壟(long)(long)(long)(long)上(shang)雙(shuang)(shuang)行(xing)(xing)穴(xue)(xue)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo),行(xing)(xing)距(ju)(ju)30-40cm,穴(xue)(xue)距(ju)(ju)16-18cm。130cm壟(long)(long)(long)(long)上(shang)三行(xing)(xing)空播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo):行(xing)(xing)距(ju)(ju)15-16cm,株距(ju)(ju)10-12cm.采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)45cm壟(long)(long)(long)(long)上(shang)雙(shuang)(shuang)行(xing)(xing)精量(liang)點播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)或(huo)平(ping)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)后(hou)起(qi)壟(long)(long)(long)(long),稈(gan)距(ju)(ju)10-12cm,株距(ju)(ju)10cm。 播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量(liang):每(mei)(mei)公頃(qing)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)65kg-75kg 。 播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)深度:一(yi)(yi)(yi)般播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)深度為(wei)4-6cm,崗地(di)(di)(di)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)深4-5cm,洼地(di)(di)(di)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)深2-3cm,覆土(tu)2-3cm。 葉(xie)面(mian)追肥(fei)(fei)(fei):在(zai)大(da)(da)豆(dou)花(hua)期(qi)(qi)和鼓粒(li)(li)期(qi)(qi),采(cai)取葉(xie)面(mian)噴施(shi)(shi)生(sheng)物液肥(fei)(fei)(fei),間(jian)隔7-10天(tian)再噴施(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次。 中(zhong)(zhong)耕除(chu)草(cao):大(da)(da)豆(dou)拱土(tu)時(shi),壟(long)(long)(long)(long)溝(gou)深松或(huo)鏟前(qian)趟一(yi)(yi)(yi)犁,大(da)(da)豆(dou)真(zhen)葉(xie)至第一(yi)(yi)(yi)葉(xie)期(qi)(qi),采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)旋轉鋤兩次機械滅草(cao),兩旋三趟,最后(hou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)遍地(di)(di)(di)要(yao)(yao)(yao)高(gao)培土(tu)。 灌(guan)(guan)溉澆水(shui)(shui):在(zai)開花(hua)灌(guan)(guan)漿前(qian)如遇干(gan)旱均(jun)可(ke)灌(guan)(guan)水(shui)(shui)。 病(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi):3.3蟲(chong)害(hai): 防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)食心蟲(chong):在(zai)大(da)(da)豆(dou)封(feng)壟(long)(long)(long)(long)時(shi),用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)80%敵敵畏乳油每(mei)(mei)公項1.5-2.0公斤制成毒棍,每(mei)(mei)4條壟(long)(long)(long)(long)插(cha)一(yi)(yi)(yi)行(xing)(xing)毒棍,每(mei)(mei)5米(mi)插(cha)一(yi)(yi)(yi)根(gen)。 防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)蚜(ya)蟲(chong):6月中(zhong)(zhong)旬用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)50%抗蚜(ya)威粉150g/hm對水(shui)(shui)450kg-750kg噴霧(wu),防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)蚜(ya)蟲(chong)。 防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)孢囊線蟲(chong):主要(yao)(yao)(yao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)選(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)抗線品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),合(he)理輪作(zuo)的方式(shi)(shi)來防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)。3.4病(bing)害(hai): 防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)灰(hui)班病(bing):在(zai)大(da)(da)豆(dou)花(hua)莢期(qi)(qi),每(mei)(mei)公頃(qing)40%多菌(jun)靈膠懸(xuan)劑(ji)1.5kg對水(shui)(shui)450kg噴霧(wu)。使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)藥劑(ji)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)應(ying)符合(he)國家(jia)(jia)GB/4285、GB/T8321的要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。 收獲:莖葉(xie)及(ji)(ji)豆(dou)莢變黃,豆(dou)粒(li)(li)歸(gui)圓及(ji)(ji)落(luo)葉(xie)達(da)(da)80%以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)時(shi)收獲。割(ge)(ge)茬(cha)高(gao)度以(yi)(yi)(yi)不留底莢為(wei)準,不丟枝、不炸莢,割(ge)(ge)后(hou)曬(shai)5d-7d,拉(la)凈(jing)揀凈(jing),做(zuo)到單收割(ge)(ge)、單拉(la)運、單脫粒(li)(li)、單貯藏。 生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)記(ji)錄要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu):產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)范圍、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)分布圖、農(nong)(nong)戶名單、地(di)(di)(di)塊編號、投入品(pin)(pin)(pin)清單、生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)技術(shu)(shu)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)積(ji)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)栽(zai)(zai)培品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)間(jian)、土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)耕作(zuo)及(ji)(ji)施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)情況(kuang)、病(bing)蟲(chong)草(cao)害(hai)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)情況(kuang)、收獲記(ji)錄、倉儲記(ji)錄、交售記(ji)錄等。
六.包裝標識相關規定
1.包(bao)裝:在(zai)包(bao)裝方式上采用(yong)袋式一種(zhong)包(bao)裝。
2.標(biao)(biao)識:標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)使(shi)用人(ren)應在其產品(pin)(pin)或包裝上統一使(shi)用農產品(pin)(pin)地理(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(富錦大豆(dou)名稱和公共標(biao)(biao)識圖案(an)組合標(biao)(biao)注形式)。