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吉林長白山人參，是人參的一個品種，主要生長于吉林長白山地區。多年生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)草本；地(di)下莖(jing)年生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)一節，組成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)合(he)(he)軸式的根(gen)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)莖(jing)；年節緊縮成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)直立或斜(xie)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的短根(gen)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)莖(jing)，或節間(jian)粗短形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)匍匐的竹鞭狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)根(gen)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)莖(jing)，或節間(jian)細(xi)長形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)橫臥(wo)的串(chuan)珠狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)根(gen)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)莖(jing)。根(gen)不膨大，纖(xian)維狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)，或膨大成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)紡錘形(xing)(xing)(xing)或圓(yuan)(yuan)柱形(xing)(xing)(xing)的肉質(zhi)根(gen)。地(di)上莖(jing)單生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，直立，基(ji)部(bu)有(you)(you)鱗(lin)片。葉(xie)為(wei)掌(zhang)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)復葉(xie)，輪生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)于莖(jing)頂，有(you)(you)葉(xie)柄，無(wu)托葉(xie)，稀(xi)(xi)有(you)(you)托葉(xie)。花(hua)(hua)(hua)兩性(xing)或雜性(xing)，聚生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)為(wei)傘(san)(san)形(xing)(xing)(xing)花(hua)(hua)(hua)序(xu)；傘(san)(san)形(xing)(xing)(xing)花(hua)(hua)(hua)序(xu)單個頂生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，稀(xi)(xi)有(you)(you)一至數個側(ce)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)小傘(san)(san)形(xing)(xing)(xing)花(hua)(hua)(hua)序(xu)；兩性(xing)花(hua)(hua)(hua)和(he)雌花(hua)(hua)(hua)與(yu)花(hua)(hua)(hua)梗間(jian)有(you)(you)關節；萼筒(tong)邊緣有(you)(you)5個小齒；花(hua)(hua)(hua)瓣5，離生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，稀(xi)(xi)合(he)(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，在花(hua)(hua)(hua)芽(ya)中覆瓦狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)排列；雄蕊(rui)5，花(hua)(hua)(hua)絲短，花(hua)(hua)(hua)藥(yao)卵形(xing)(xing)(xing)或長圓(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)；子(zi)房2室(shi)(shi)，有(you)(you)時3-4室(shi)(shi)，稀(xi)(xi)5室(shi)(shi)；花(hua)(hua)(hua)柱2，有(you)(you)時3-4，稀(xi)(xi)5，或在雄花(hua)(hua)(hua)中的不育雌蕊(rui)上退化為(wei)1條，離生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)或基(ji)部(bu)合(he)(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)；花(hua)(hua)(hua)盤肉質(zhi)，環(huan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)。果(guo)實扁(bian)(bian)球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)，有(you)(you)時三角(jiao)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)或近球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)。種子(zi)2或3粒，稀(xi)(xi)4粒，側(ce)扁(bian)(bian)或三角(jiao)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)卵形(xing)(xing)(xing)。

人(ren)(ren)參(can)為五加科，人(ren)(ren)參(can)屬植物，通常所說的(de)人(ren)(ren)參(can)是指其干燥根(gen)。吉(ji)林長(chang)白山(shan)人(ren)(ren)參(can)分類(lei)頗為詳細，一般來說，有按(an)(an)栽培方(fang)式(shi)命名的(de)，如野(ye)山(shan)參(can)、移山(shan)參(can)、栽培人(ren)(ren)參(can)等(deng)；有按(an)(an)產地不同而命名的(de)，如吉(ji)林人(ren)(ren)參(can)、石柱人(ren)(ren)參(can)；有按(an)(an)炮制(zhi)方(fang)法(fa)命名的(de)，如紅參(can)、白糖(tang)參(can)、生曬參(can)等(deng)；也有兩種情況(kuang)兼顧(gu)的(de)，如高(gao)麗紅參(can)、吉(ji)林野(ye)山(shan)參(can)、集安新(xin)開(kai)河人(ren)(ren)參(can)等(deng)。吉(ji)林長(chang)白山(shan)野(ye)山(shan)參(can)以(yi)其形(xing)美、質(zhi)(zhi)堅硬(ying)(ying)，斷面皮部顯裂隙，形(xing)成(cheng)層明顯，氣微香，味微苦且(qie)甘被譽為人(ren)(ren)參(can)中珍品。吉(ji)林長(chang)白山(shan)紅參(can)以(yi)其質(zhi)(zhi)硬(ying)(ying)而脆，斷面平坦，氣微香，味微苦且(qie)甘及有效成(cheng)份含量較高(gao)聞名遐爾。