發展歷史
僑立公醫院(yuan)于1932年(nian)由旅美華(hua)僑蕭悔塵創辦(ban),海外華(hua)僑及各界(jie)人(ren)士(shi)捐資興建。歷(li)經(jing)2年(nian)建筑于1934年(nian)正(zheng)式落成使用,它(ta)是中山最早的西(xi)醫院(yuan)。
1949年(nian)(nian)10月(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華人民共和國成(cheng)立(li)后(hou),僑(qiao)立(li)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)醫(yi)院(yuan)(yuan)改為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)縣(xian)委辦公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)大樓。1950年(nian)(nian)3月(yue)僑(qiao)立(li)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)醫(yi)院(yuan)(yuan)與中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)縣(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)立(li)衛生院(yuan)(yuan)合并,后(hou)擴(kuo)充(chong)為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)縣(xian)人民醫(yi)院(yuan)(yuan),亦即現中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)市(shi)(shi)人民醫(yi)院(yuan)(yuan)的(de)前身。1984年(nian)(nian)9月(yue),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)市(shi)(shi)文化局(ju)(ju)成(cheng)立(li)博(bo)物(wu)(wu)館(guan)(guan)籌(chou)備辦公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)室,由局(ju)(ju)黨組書記甘棠兼任籌(chou)備辦主任。1984年(nian)(nian)9月(yue)28日,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)市(shi)(shi)人民政(zheng)府(fu)同意成(cheng)立(li)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)市(shi)(shi)博(bo)物(wu)(wu)館(guan)(guan),把原僑(qiao)立(li)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)醫(yi)院(yuan)(yuan)一(yi)層(地下)撥給市(shi)(shi)博(bo)物(wu)(wu)館(guan)(guan)使用。1986年(nian)(nian)10月(yue),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)市(shi)(shi)博(bo)物(wu)(wu)館(guan)(guan)完成(cheng)了第二期改建工程。1999年(nian)(nian),政(zheng)府(fu)投入資金對中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)市(shi)(shi)博(bo)物(wu)(wu)館(guan)(guan)大樓進行了裝修改造,外墻和內墻重新油漆,維護灰塑等建筑(zhu)裝飾(shi),配備了專門的(de)給排水(shui)、電(dian)氣、消防、空調、信(xin)息、監控等系統設備,展覽場(chang)(chang)所和辦公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)場(chang)(chang)所得(de)到很(hen)大的(de)改善。2004年(nian)(nian),僑(qiao)立(li)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)醫(yi)院(yuan)(yuan)被(bei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)布為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)市(shi)(shi)不(bu)可移動(dong)文物(wu)(wu)。2005年(nian)(nian)6月(yue)底,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)市(shi)(shi)博(bo)物(wu)(wu)館(guan)(guan)完成(cheng)了恒(heng)溫恒(heng)濕文物(wu)(wu)庫房的(de)建設。
建筑布局
中(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)博(bo)(bo)物(wu)(wu)館(Zhongshan City Museum)是(shi)一座國有(you)(you)地級(ji)綜合性博(bo)(bo)物(wu)(wu)館,隸(li)屬(shu)廣東省中(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)文化廣電新聞出(chu)版(ban)局(ju)。中(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)博(bo)(bo)物(wu)(wu)館現(xian)設有(you)(you):中(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)美術館、中(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)·中(zhong)國收音機博(bo)(bo)物(wu)(wu)館、香(xiang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)商(shang)業文化博(bo)(bo)物(wu)(wu)館。占地面(mian)積(ji)700平方米,建筑(zhu)面(mian)積(ji)2000平方米。該址原為(wei)中(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)縣僑(qiao)立(li)公醫院(yuan),坐南(nan)向北(bei),為(wei)中(zhong)西(xi)合璧的庭院(yuan)建筑(zhu),包括有(you)(you)主樓(lou)、附樓(lou)和(he)花(hua)園(現(xian)已改(gai)為(wei)球場)。中(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)博(bo)(bo)物(wu)(wu)館所在(zai)地為(wei)原醫院(yuan)主樓(lou),平面(mian)“凸”字形,為(wei)鋼筋水(shui)泥三層建筑(zhu),白色外墻,中(zhong)式綠色琉璃瓦屋頂,是(shi)中(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)保存最好的近現(xian)代(dai)醫療衛生類(lei)華僑(qiao)建筑(zhu)。
技術人員
中(zhong)山(shan)市(shi)博(bo)物(wu)(wu)館(guan)(guan)共有(you)(you)(you)專(zhuan)業(ye)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)人(ren)員共20名,高(gao)級技術(shu)(shu)(shu)職稱者(zhe)(zhe)1人(ren),中(zhong)級技術(shu)(shu)(shu)職稱者(zhe)(zhe)7人(ren),初(chu)級技術(shu)(shu)(shu)職稱者(zhe)(zhe)12人(ren),本科以上學(xue)歷(li)人(ren)員17人(ren)。近幾年(nian)來(lai),中(zhong)山(shan)市(shi)博(bo)物(wu)(wu)館(guan)(guan)公開出版(ban)(ban)專(zhuan)業(ye)書(shu)(shu)籍3本,參(can)與編(bian)輯出版(ban)(ban)畫冊4本,參(can)與編(bian)輯出版(ban)(ban)叢書(shu)(shu)1輯,并公開發(fa)表論文(wen)(wen)(wen)15篇,其中(zhong)公開出版(ban)(ban)專(zhuan)業(ye)書(shu)(shu)籍有(you)(you)(you)《中(zhong)山(shan)歷(li)史(shi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)圖集》、《中(zhong)山(shan)老(lao)行(xing)業(ye)》、《雕(diao)梁畫棟(dong)嶺南風——中(zhong)山(shan)古(gu)建筑藝術(shu)(shu)(shu)圖集》;參(can)與編(bian)輯出版(ban)(ban)畫冊有(you)(you)(you)《方(fang)成藏(zang)書(shu)(shu)畫集》、《方(fang)成水墨(mo)畫集》、《館(guan)(guan)藏(zang)中(zhong)山(shan)籍書(shu)(shu)畫家(jia)作品選(xuan)》、《余菊庵書(shu)(shu)畫集》;參(can)與編(bian)輯出版(ban)(ban)叢書(shu)(shu)為(wei)《中(zhong)山(shan)市(shi)歷(li)史(shi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)叢書(shu)(shu)》。2004年(nian)底(di)至2005年(nian)初(chu),中(zhong)山(shan)市(shi)博(bo)物(wu)(wu)館(guan)(guan)與廣東省文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)考古(gu)研(yan)究所聯(lian)合對南朗(lang)龍穴遺(yi)址進行(xing)了考古(gu)發(fa)掘(jue)(jue),發(fa)掘(jue)(jue)簡報(bao)發(fa)表在《四川文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)》2005年(nian)第4期。
館藏文物
中山(shan)(shan)市博物(wu)館成立后,開展了對中山(shan)(shan)境內(nei)的(de)文(wen)(wen)物(wu)普(pu)查、征集和(he)發(fa)(fa)掘(jue)等工(gong)作,先后發(fa)(fa)現了龍穴遺(yi)址(zhi)、白水井遺(yi)址(zhi)等一批新(xin)石器(qi)時期、商周、戰國、漢(han)代的(de)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)遺(yi)存和(he)遺(yi)物(wu)點。經國家文(wen)(wen)物(wu)局批準,1990年12月至1991年1月,中山(shan)(shan)市博物(wu)館與廣(guang)東省(sheng)考(kao)古研(yan)究(jiu)所、中山(shan)(shan)市文(wen)(wen)管辦一起對龍穴遺(yi)址(zhi)進(jin)行考(kao)古發(fa)(fa)掘(jue),出土了一批彩(cai)陶器(qi)、夾沙陶器(qi)、石器(qi)等珍貴文(wen)(wen)物(wu),其中彩(cai)陶圈(quan)足(zu)盤、彩(cai)陶碗等彩(cai)陶器(qi)是珠江(jiang)三(san)角洲(zhou)地區較(jiao)有代表(biao)性的(de)彩(cai)陶器(qi),為(wei)研(yan)究(jiu)珠江(jiang)三(san)角洲(zhou)地區古代文(wen)(wen)化(hua)面貌提供了寶貴的(de)實(shi)物(wu)資(zi)料。
館(guan)藏(zang)文(wen)物(wu)以地方出土文(wen)物(wu)為主,主要有(you)陶器、瓷器、銅器、名人字畫(hua)、革命(ming)文(wen)物(wu)等幾大類。
近年舉(ju)辦(ban)和引進了“中山出土(tu)文物展(zhan)(zhan)”、“館(guan)藏書畫(hua)(hua)展(zhan)(zhan)”、“廣(guang)東省陶(tao)瓷藏品聯(lian)展(zhan)(zhan)”、“方成捐贈名家書畫(hua)(hua)展(zhan)(zhan)”、“秦始皇兵馬俑展(zhan)(zhan)”、“大唐(tang)雄風——唐(tang)太宗昭陵寶藏展(zhan)(zhan)”、“廣(guang)東清代貢品展(zhan)(zhan)”、“遠古的呼喚——恐龍(long)及古生物化(hua)石展(zhan)(zhan)”等一大批知識性(xing)(xing)、思想性(xing)(xing)、趣味性(xing)(xing)強的展(zhan)(zhan)覽,并結合地(di)方實(shi)際,積極發揮愛國(guo)主義教育基地(di)的作用,送展(zhan)(zhan)下鄉(xiang)、到學校,受(shou)到了社會(hui)廣(guang)泛的認(ren)同和贊賞。
展覽與藏品
清咸豐木刻(ke)敕(chi)命(ming)匾
長方(fang)形,由中部方(fang)形木(mu)板和四周匾框組合而成。周邊匾框浮雕六條龍(long),正中木(mu)板陽刻漢(han)、滿兩(liang)種文(wen)字,貼金,木(mu)刻精美。
明嘉靖鳳鳥紋(wen)銅豆
直口,深腹,高圈足,腹有(you)(you)鳳(feng)鳥(niao)紋(wen),圈足有(you)(you)回紋(wen),腹有(you)(you)“嘉靖(jing)二年秋香山教諭顏階(jie)奉提學副使魏命(ming)造”銘文。
清光緒五(wu)彩二十四孝(xiao)紋大瓶
盤(pan)口,直頸,溜肩(jian),直壁(bi),圈(quan)足,器(qi)身(shen)飾(shi)五彩人物山水圖案(an)。
戰(zhan)國方格紋四耳陶罐
戰國。泥(ni)質灰陶,小直口,矮頸,寬折肩(jian)(jian),深腹(fu)(fu)內收(shou),平底,肩(jian)(jian)部邊緣貼附(fu)(fu)四個(ge)橋形耳,耳兩側各貼附(fu)(fu)一(yi)枚(mei)乳針,肩(jian)(jian)中(zhong)部貼附(fu)(fu)四組乳釘,肩(jian)(jian)飾刻劃凹(ao)弦紋(wen)(wen)與柵紋(wen)(wen)、腹(fu)(fu)飾方格紋(wen)(wen)。
明正(zheng)德青花魚藻紋大缸
圓唇(chun),斂口,鼓肩,斜(xie)弧腹,矮圈(quan)足,肩部飾(shi)青花花卉(hui)紋,腹部飾(shi)青花魚藻圖案,底(di)露(lu)胎。
所獲榮譽
中山市(shi)博物館(guan)自1984成立(li)以(yi)來(lai)累計舉辦陳列展覽(lan)200多(duo)個,展出地(di)點除(chu)了本(ben)館(guan)外,還(huan)送展到各個鎮區和(he)學校進(jin)行巡展。近三年(nian)來(lai)利用(yong)現有館(guan)藏資源(yuan)、引進(jin)展覽(lan)、合作辦展等多(duo)種(zhong)辦展方(fang)式,每年(nian)舉辦臨時展覽(lan)10個以(yi)上,總計參觀人數約25萬人次(ci)。
中山(shan)市(shi)(shi)博物館(guan)通過多種(zhong)合法途徑拓寬(kuan)藏品(pin)獲得渠道。有(you)考古(gu)調查采集、考古(gu)發掘出土,有(you)廣(guang)東省文管會調撥(bo)、中山(shan)市(shi)(shi)圖書(shu)館(guan)和(he)中山(shan)市(shi)(shi)公安局(ju)移交,有(you)單(dan)位、個人捐贈及向廣(guang)州市(shi)(shi)文物總店及收藏家手中購買。截止2008年底,現有(you)各類(lei)(lei)文物8000余件/套。主要以地方文物為主,主要有(you)石器、陶器、瓷器、銅器、書(shu)畫(hua)、錢幣等類(lei)(lei)。
中(zhong)(zhong)山美(mei)術(shu)(shu)館于2002年11月建(jian)成投入(ru)使(shi)用,為中(zhong)(zhong)山市有史以來(lai)的(de)(de)第一(yi)座(zuo)美(mei)術(shu)(shu)館,位(wei)于西區(qu)岐江公園內,是一(yi)座(zuo)樓高(gao)(gao)兩層、鋼結構、擁有2000平方(fang)米展廳(ting)的(de)(de)具有歐洲(zhou)先鋒派的(de)(de)美(mei)學意念及后工業時代特(te)色的(de)(de)建(jian)筑(zhu),它將在(zai)提高(gao)(gao)中(zhong)(zhong)山市的(de)(de)城市文(wen)化品(pin)(pin)位(wei),培育高(gao)(gao)雅的(de)(de)藝術(shu)(shu)氛圍,促(cu)進文(wen)化藝術(shu)(shu)事業發(fa)展,向市民提供多元化的(de)(de)業余文(wen)化生活等方(fang)面(mian)發(fa)揮重(zhong)要的(de)(de)作用。正(zheng)式(shi)對外(wai)開放后先后舉辦(ban)了“中(zhong)(zhong)日書法家(jia)(jia)作品(pin)(pin)交流展”、“中(zhong)(zhong)山籍著名(ming)漫畫家(jia)(jia)作品(pin)(pin)展”、“館藏中(zhong)(zhong)山籍名(ming)家(jia)(jia)書畫作品(pin)(pin)展”等高(gao)(gao)雅的(de)(de)藝術(shu)(shu)展覽。
香山(shan)商業(ye)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)博物(wu)館(guan)于(yu)2006年1月(yue)17日正式對外開(kai)放,位(wei)于(yu)孫文(wen)西路文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)旅(lv)游(you)步行(xing)街內(nei),該館(guan)將(jiang)集文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)和旅(lv)游(you)為(wei)一(yi)體,主要展(zhan)示中山(shan)早(zao)期(以(yi)清末民初為(wei)主)商貿發展(zhan)和商業(ye)歷史文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)演變脈絡(luo)。它的(de)建成將(jiang)大大提高(gao)和豐富文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)旅(lv)游(you)步行(xing)街的(de)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)積淀和內(nei)涵(han),進一(yi)步激發中山(shan)人的(de)愛(ai)(ai)國愛(ai)(ai)鄉之(zhi)情(qing)。
中(zhong)山·中(zhong)國(guo)收(shou)音(yin)機(ji)博(bo)(bo)物(wu)(wu)館于2005年5月18日建(jian)成(cheng)并正式對外試展開放(fang),位于市博(bo)(bo)物(wu)(wu)館副樓,它的建(jian)成(cheng)活現了中(zhong)國(guo)收(shou)音(yin)機(ji)歷史(shi)(shi),展示收(shou)音(yin)機(ji)文(wen)化,成(cheng)為(wei)中(zhong)國(guo)首(shou)家收(shou)音(yin)機(ji)博(bo)(bo)物(wu)(wu)館,填補中(zhong)國(guo)收(shou)音(yin)機(ji)歷史(shi)(shi)的空白,是中(zhong)山市特色博(bo)(bo)物(wu)(wu)館建(jian)設(she)的一(yi)個重要成(cheng)果。