發展歷史
僑(qiao)立公(gong)醫院(yuan)于(yu)1932年由旅美華(hua)僑(qiao)蕭悔(hui)塵創辦,海外華(hua)僑(qiao)及(ji)各界人士捐(juan)資興(xing)建。歷經2年建筑(zhu)于(yu)1934年正(zheng)式落成使(shi)用,它是中山(shan)最早的西醫院(yuan)。
1949年(nian)(nian)10月(yue)(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)華人民(min)(min)共和國成(cheng)立(li)(li)后,僑(qiao)立(li)(li)公(gong)(gong)醫(yi)(yi)院(yuan)改(gai)(gai)為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)縣委辦(ban)(ban)公(gong)(gong)大(da)樓。1950年(nian)(nian)3月(yue)(yue)僑(qiao)立(li)(li)中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)公(gong)(gong)醫(yi)(yi)院(yuan)與中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)縣公(gong)(gong)立(li)(li)衛生(sheng)院(yuan)合并,后擴充為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)縣人民(min)(min)醫(yi)(yi)院(yuan),亦即現中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)市(shi)(shi)人民(min)(min)醫(yi)(yi)院(yuan)的前身。1984年(nian)(nian)9月(yue)(yue),中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)市(shi)(shi)文(wen)化局成(cheng)立(li)(li)博(bo)(bo)(bo)物館(guan)籌(chou)備辦(ban)(ban)公(gong)(gong)室,由(you)局黨組書(shu)記甘棠(tang)兼任(ren)籌(chou)備辦(ban)(ban)主任(ren)。1984年(nian)(nian)9月(yue)(yue)28日,中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)市(shi)(shi)人民(min)(min)政(zheng)(zheng)府同意成(cheng)立(li)(li)中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)市(shi)(shi)博(bo)(bo)(bo)物館(guan),把原僑(qiao)立(li)(li)公(gong)(gong)醫(yi)(yi)院(yuan)一層(地下)撥(bo)給市(shi)(shi)博(bo)(bo)(bo)物館(guan)使用(yong)。1986年(nian)(nian)10月(yue)(yue),中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)市(shi)(shi)博(bo)(bo)(bo)物館(guan)完(wan)成(cheng)了第二期改(gai)(gai)建(jian)工程。1999年(nian)(nian),政(zheng)(zheng)府投(tou)入資金對中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)市(shi)(shi)博(bo)(bo)(bo)物館(guan)大(da)樓進行(xing)了裝修(xiu)改(gai)(gai)造(zao),外(wai)墻和內(nei)墻重新油漆,維護(hu)灰塑等(deng)建(jian)筑裝飾,配備了專門的給排水、電氣、消防(fang)、空調、信息、監(jian)控等(deng)系統(tong)設備,展(zhan)覽場(chang)所(suo)和辦(ban)(ban)公(gong)(gong)場(chang)所(suo)得到很大(da)的改(gai)(gai)善。2004年(nian)(nian),僑(qiao)立(li)(li)中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)公(gong)(gong)醫(yi)(yi)院(yuan)被公(gong)(gong)布為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)市(shi)(shi)不可移動文(wen)物。2005年(nian)(nian)6月(yue)(yue)底,中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)市(shi)(shi)博(bo)(bo)(bo)物館(guan)完(wan)成(cheng)了恒溫恒濕文(wen)物庫房的建(jian)設。
建筑布局
中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)市博(bo)(bo)(bo)物(wu)館(guan)(guan)(guan)(Zhongshan City Museum)是(shi)一(yi)座國有(you)地(di)級綜合性博(bo)(bo)(bo)物(wu)館(guan)(guan)(guan),隸屬(shu)廣(guang)東省(sheng)中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)市文化廣(guang)電新聞出版局。中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)市博(bo)(bo)(bo)物(wu)館(guan)(guan)(guan)現(xian)設(she)有(you):中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)美術館(guan)(guan)(guan)、中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)·中(zhong)(zhong)國收音機博(bo)(bo)(bo)物(wu)館(guan)(guan)(guan)、香(xiang)山(shan)(shan)商業文化博(bo)(bo)(bo)物(wu)館(guan)(guan)(guan)。占地(di)面(mian)積(ji)700平方米(mi),建(jian)筑面(mian)積(ji)2000平方米(mi)。該址原(yuan)為中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)縣僑(qiao)立公醫(yi)院,坐南向(xiang)北,為中(zhong)(zhong)西合璧(bi)的(de)庭院建(jian)筑,包括有(you)主(zhu)樓、附樓和花園(現(xian)已改為球場)。中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)市博(bo)(bo)(bo)物(wu)館(guan)(guan)(guan)所在地(di)為原(yuan)醫(yi)院主(zhu)樓,平面(mian)“凸”字形(xing),為鋼筋(jin)水泥(ni)三層建(jian)筑,白色(se)外墻,中(zhong)(zhong)式(shi)綠色(se)琉(liu)璃瓦屋(wu)頂,是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)保存(cun)最好的(de)近現(xian)代醫(yi)療衛(wei)生類(lei)華(hua)僑(qiao)建(jian)筑。
技術人員
中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)博(bo)物(wu)館(guan)(guan)共(gong)有(you)專業(ye)(ye)技(ji)術(shu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)共(gong)20名,高級技(ji)術(shu)職(zhi)(zhi)稱者(zhe)1人(ren)(ren)(ren),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)級技(ji)術(shu)職(zhi)(zhi)稱者(zhe)7人(ren)(ren)(ren),初級技(ji)術(shu)職(zhi)(zhi)稱者(zhe)12人(ren)(ren)(ren),本科以(yi)上學歷(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)17人(ren)(ren)(ren)。近幾年(nian)來(lai),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)博(bo)物(wu)館(guan)(guan)公開出(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)專業(ye)(ye)書(shu)(shu)(shu)籍3本,參(can)(can)(can)與(yu)編(bian)輯(ji)出(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)畫(hua)(hua)冊4本,參(can)(can)(can)與(yu)編(bian)輯(ji)出(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)叢書(shu)(shu)(shu)1輯(ji),并公開發(fa)表論文(wen)15篇,其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)公開出(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)專業(ye)(ye)書(shu)(shu)(shu)籍有(you)《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)歷(li)史(shi)(shi)文(wen)物(wu)圖集(ji)(ji)(ji)》、《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)老(lao)行業(ye)(ye)》、《雕梁畫(hua)(hua)棟嶺南(nan)風——中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)古(gu)建筑藝(yi)術(shu)圖集(ji)(ji)(ji)》;參(can)(can)(can)與(yu)編(bian)輯(ji)出(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)畫(hua)(hua)冊有(you)《方成藏(zang)書(shu)(shu)(shu)畫(hua)(hua)集(ji)(ji)(ji)》、《方成水墨畫(hua)(hua)集(ji)(ji)(ji)》、《館(guan)(guan)藏(zang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)籍書(shu)(shu)(shu)畫(hua)(hua)家作品選》、《余菊庵書(shu)(shu)(shu)畫(hua)(hua)集(ji)(ji)(ji)》;參(can)(can)(can)與(yu)編(bian)輯(ji)出(chu)版(ban)(ban)(ban)叢書(shu)(shu)(shu)為《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)歷(li)史(shi)(shi)文(wen)化叢書(shu)(shu)(shu)》。2004年(nian)底(di)至(zhi)2005年(nian)初,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)博(bo)物(wu)館(guan)(guan)與(yu)廣(guang)東省文(wen)物(wu)考古(gu)研(yan)究(jiu)所聯合對(dui)南(nan)朗龍穴遺址(zhi)進行了考古(gu)發(fa)掘(jue),發(fa)掘(jue)簡報發(fa)表在《四川文(wen)物(wu)》2005年(nian)第4期。
館藏文物
中(zhong)山(shan)(shan)市博物(wu)館(guan)成立后(hou),開展了對中(zhong)山(shan)(shan)境(jing)內(nei)的文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)普(pu)查、征集和(he)發(fa)掘等(deng)(deng)工作,先后(hou)發(fa)現了龍穴遺(yi)(yi)址(zhi)、白水(shui)井遺(yi)(yi)址(zhi)等(deng)(deng)一(yi)批新石(shi)器(qi)(qi)時期、商周、戰國、漢代(dai)的文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化遺(yi)(yi)存和(he)遺(yi)(yi)物(wu)點。經國家文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)局批準,1990年12月至1991年1月,中(zhong)山(shan)(shan)市博物(wu)館(guan)與廣東(dong)省(sheng)考古(gu)(gu)研究所、中(zhong)山(shan)(shan)市文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)管(guan)辦一(yi)起對龍穴遺(yi)(yi)址(zhi)進行考古(gu)(gu)發(fa)掘,出土了一(yi)批彩(cai)(cai)陶(tao)(tao)器(qi)(qi)、夾沙陶(tao)(tao)器(qi)(qi)、石(shi)器(qi)(qi)等(deng)(deng)珍貴(gui)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu),其中(zhong)彩(cai)(cai)陶(tao)(tao)圈足盤、彩(cai)(cai)陶(tao)(tao)碗等(deng)(deng)彩(cai)(cai)陶(tao)(tao)器(qi)(qi)是珠江三(san)角(jiao)洲(zhou)地區較有(you)代(dai)表性的彩(cai)(cai)陶(tao)(tao)器(qi)(qi),為(wei)研究珠江三(san)角(jiao)洲(zhou)地區古(gu)(gu)代(dai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化面貌提供了寶(bao)貴(gui)的實物(wu)資料。
館藏文(wen)物以地方出土文(wen)物為主,主要有陶器、瓷器、銅器、名人字畫、革命文(wen)物等(deng)幾(ji)大類(lei)。
近年(nian)舉(ju)辦(ban)和(he)(he)引進了“中山(shan)出土文物(wu)(wu)展(zhan)(zhan)”、“館藏(zang)書畫展(zhan)(zhan)”、“廣(guang)東(dong)省陶瓷藏(zang)品(pin)聯展(zhan)(zhan)”、“方成(cheng)捐(juan)贈名家書畫展(zhan)(zhan)”、“秦始皇兵(bing)馬俑展(zhan)(zhan)”、“大唐雄風(feng)——唐太宗昭陵(ling)寶藏(zang)展(zhan)(zhan)”、“廣(guang)東(dong)清代貢品(pin)展(zhan)(zhan)”、“遠古的(de)呼喚——恐龍及古生物(wu)(wu)化石展(zhan)(zhan)”等一(yi)大批知識性、思想性、趣味性強(qiang)的(de)展(zhan)(zhan)覽,并(bing)結(jie)合地(di)方實(shi)際(ji),積(ji)極發揮愛國主義教育基地(di)的(de)作用(yong),送展(zhan)(zhan)下鄉、到(dao)學(xue)校(xiao),受到(dao)了社會(hui)廣(guang)泛的(de)認同和(he)(he)贊賞(shang)。
展覽與藏品
清咸豐木刻敕命匾
長方形,由中(zhong)部方形木(mu)板和(he)四周(zhou)(zhou)匾框組合而成。周(zhou)(zhou)邊匾框浮(fu)雕(diao)六條龍,正中(zhong)木(mu)板陽刻漢、滿兩種文字,貼(tie)金,木(mu)刻精美。
明嘉靖(jing)鳳鳥(niao)紋銅豆
直口,深腹(fu)(fu),高圈(quan)足(zu),腹(fu)(fu)有鳳鳥紋,圈(quan)足(zu)有回紋,腹(fu)(fu)有“嘉靖(jing)二年秋香(xiang)山教諭顏(yan)階奉(feng)提學副使(shi)魏(wei)命造”銘文(wen)。
清(qing)光緒五彩二十(shi)四孝紋大瓶
盤口,直(zhi)頸,溜肩,直(zhi)壁(bi),圈足,器(qi)身(shen)飾五彩人物山水圖案。
戰(zhan)國方(fang)格紋四耳陶罐
戰國。泥質(zhi)灰(hui)陶(tao),小直口,矮頸,寬折肩,深腹內收,平(ping)底,肩部邊(bian)緣(yuan)貼(tie)附(fu)四個橋(qiao)形耳,耳兩側各貼(tie)附(fu)一枚乳(ru)針(zhen),肩中部貼(tie)附(fu)四組(zu)乳(ru)釘,肩飾刻劃(hua)凹弦(xian)紋(wen)與柵紋(wen)、腹飾方(fang)格紋(wen)。
明(ming)正(zheng)德(de)青(qing)花魚藻紋大缸
圓唇,斂口,鼓肩,斜弧(hu)腹(fu),矮圈(quan)足,肩部(bu)(bu)飾(shi)青(qing)花(hua)花(hua)卉紋,腹(fu)部(bu)(bu)飾(shi)青(qing)花(hua)魚藻(zao)圖案,底露胎。
所獲榮譽
中山市(shi)博物(wu)館自1984成立以來累計(ji)舉辦(ban)陳(chen)列展(zhan)覽(lan)200多(duo)個,展(zhan)出地點除了本館外,還(huan)送展(zhan)到各個鎮區和學校進行(xing)巡展(zhan)。近三年來利(li)用現有(you)館藏資源(yuan)、引進展(zhan)覽(lan)、合作(zuo)辦(ban)展(zhan)等多(duo)種辦(ban)展(zhan)方(fang)式(shi),每年舉辦(ban)臨(lin)時展(zhan)覽(lan)10個以上,總計(ji)參觀人數約25萬人次(ci)。
中(zhong)山市(shi)博物館(guan)通(tong)過多種合法途徑拓寬(kuan)藏(zang)品獲得(de)渠(qu)道。有(you)考古(gu)調查(cha)采集、考古(gu)發掘出(chu)土,有(you)廣(guang)東省文(wen)管會調撥、中(zhong)山市(shi)圖書館(guan)和中(zhong)山市(shi)公安局(ju)移交(jiao),有(you)單位、個人捐贈(zeng)及(ji)向廣(guang)州市(shi)文(wen)物總店及(ji)收藏(zang)家手中(zhong)購買。截止(zhi)2008年底(di),現有(you)各類文(wen)物8000余件/套(tao)。主(zhu)要以地方文(wen)物為主(zhu),主(zhu)要有(you)石器(qi)、陶(tao)器(qi)、瓷器(qi)、銅器(qi)、書畫、錢幣等(deng)類。
中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)美術(shu)館(guan)于(yu)2002年(nian)11月建成投入使(shi)用(yong),為中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)史以來的(de)(de)(de)(de)第一(yi)座(zuo)美術(shu)館(guan),位于(yu)西區岐江公園內,是一(yi)座(zuo)樓高(gao)兩層、鋼結構、擁有(you)2000平方米(mi)展(zhan)廳(ting)的(de)(de)(de)(de)具有(you)歐(ou)洲先鋒派的(de)(de)(de)(de)美學意念及后(hou)工業時代特色(se)的(de)(de)(de)(de)建筑,它(ta)將在(zai)提高(gao)中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)城市(shi)(shi)(shi)文(wen)(wen)化品位,培育高(gao)雅的(de)(de)(de)(de)藝術(shu)氛(fen)圍,促進(jin)文(wen)(wen)化藝術(shu)事業發展(zhan),向市(shi)(shi)(shi)民提供多元(yuan)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)業余文(wen)(wen)化生活等方面(mian)發揮重要的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)。正式對外(wai)開放后(hou)先后(hou)舉辦了“中(zhong)(zhong)日(ri)書(shu)法家(jia)作(zuo)品交流展(zhan)”、“中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)籍(ji)著(zhu)名漫(man)畫家(jia)作(zuo)品展(zhan)”、“館(guan)藏中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)籍(ji)名家(jia)書(shu)畫作(zuo)品展(zhan)”等高(gao)雅的(de)(de)(de)(de)藝術(shu)展(zhan)覽(lan)。
香山商業(ye)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)博物館(guan)于(yu)2006年1月17日正式對外開放,位于(yu)孫文(wen)西路文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)旅游步(bu)行(xing)街內,該館(guan)將集文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)和(he)旅游為一(yi)體,主要(yao)展示中(zhong)山早期(以清末民初為主)商貿發展和(he)商業(ye)歷史文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)演變脈絡。它(ta)的(de)建成將大大提高和(he)豐(feng)富(fu)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)旅游步(bu)行(xing)街的(de)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)積淀和(he)內涵(han),進一(yi)步(bu)激發中(zhong)山人的(de)愛(ai)國(guo)愛(ai)鄉之情(qing)。
中(zhong)山·中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)收(shou)音(yin)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)博(bo)物(wu)館于2005年5月18日(ri)建(jian)成(cheng)并正式對外試(shi)展開放,位于市博(bo)物(wu)館副(fu)樓,它的(de)建(jian)成(cheng)活現了中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)收(shou)音(yin)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)歷(li)史(shi)(shi),展示收(shou)音(yin)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)文化(hua),成(cheng)為中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)首家收(shou)音(yin)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)博(bo)物(wu)館,填補中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)收(shou)音(yin)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)歷(li)史(shi)(shi)的(de)空白,是中(zhong)山市特色博(bo)物(wu)館建(jian)設的(de)一個(ge)重要(yao)成(cheng)果。