城隍廟
城(cheng)隍神歷來被視為中國城(cheng)池的守護神,傳說從(cong)堯時開始祭祀城(cheng)隍神,唐宋時期逐步遍及天下,明(ming)清二代最為盛行,明(ming)太祖朱元璋還為城(cheng)隍制定爵位(wei),并規定城(cheng)隍廟的建(jian)筑(zhu)形制須與當地官(guan)衙(ya)同級(ji)。
平和城隍廟
城隍廟坐北朝南(nan),面(mian)(mian)(mian)積1400平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米,為(wei)(wei)四(si)進建筑群,平(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)呈“中(zhong)字(zi)形”,依地勢北高南(nan)低而建,結構嚴謹,布局合理。在中(zhong)軸(zhou)線(xian)上由南(nan)向(xiang)北依次為(wei)(wei)人門(men)(牌樓)、儀門(men)(戲臺(tai))、拜亭、東獄(yu)大殿(dian)(dian)(dian)和后殿(dian)(dian)(dian),兩側有(you)回廊。牌樓為(wei)(wei)面(mian)(mian)(mian)闊三(san)間(jian),單檐(yan)懸山頂,正殿(dian)(dian)(dian)面(mian)(mian)(mian)闊三(san)間(jian),進深三(san)間(jian),重檐(yan)歇(xie)山頂,后殿(dian)(dian)(dian)面(mian)(mian)(mian)闊三(san)間(jian),進深三(san)間(jian),單檐(yan)歇(xie)山頂。
城隍廟的規模(mo)與藝術性在當(dang)時(shi)堪稱(cheng)一(yi)流,其建筑具有明末清初(chu)典型的地(di)方特色。
雕(diao)(diao)梁畫棟,富麗堂皇,木瓜斗拱(gong),鎏(liu)金彩(cai)繪;蟠(pan)龍(long)(long)石柱,石盾石屏,精(jing)雕(diao)(diao)細琢;其(qi)中斗拱(gong)形(xing)(xing)(xing)式多樣,石柱亦有(you)圓形(xing)(xing)(xing)、方形(xing)(xing)(xing)、八角形(xing)(xing)(xing)及高浮雕(diao)(diao)盤(pan)龍(long)(long)柱等多種形(xing)(xing)(xing)式,瓜柱下部(bu)瓜形(xing)(xing)(xing)下斗描金彩(cai)繪,紋飾(shi)繁密,金碧如(ru)新。人物花鳥,千姿百態,惟(wei)(wei)妙(miao)惟(wei)(wei)肖;屋頂二(er)龍(long)(long)戲珠,張牙舞(wu)爪,栩栩如(ru)生。
城隍(huang)廟內仍保存著一批共四(si)十余幅明清(qing)時期的(de)壁畫,彌足珍貴,可謂“福建(jian)的(de)敦煌”。《二十四(si)孝圖》、《十八(ba)地(di)獄圖》場(chang)面恢宏、人物眾多,兼(jian)工帶寫、造型(xing)生動(dong),線(xian)條流(liu)暢、極具功(gong)力。《平(ping)和八(ba)景(jing)圖》有大(da)家氣,雖為實景(jing)寫真(zhen),卻不拘于自然描摹,追求意境之營(ying)選(xuan),形神兼(jian)備;線(xian)條、皴(cun)法功(gong)力高超,頗具宋元遺韻。