宋代名紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),簡(jian)稱(cheng)金(jin)粟(su)(su)(su)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),或金(jin)粟(su)(su)(su)箋紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。金(jin)粟(su)(su)(su)寺在(zai)浙(zhe)江(jiang)省海鹽縣西南18公里,寺建于三國吳代。該寺曾經(jing)(jing)藏(zang)有(you)北宋紀年(nian)的經(jing)(jing)藏(zang)數(shu)千軸(或稱(cheng)萬余卷),每幅(fu)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)背后印有(you)長方形紅色小印“金(jin)粟(su)(su)(su)山藏(zang)經(jing)(jing)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”文(wen)字,紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張兩面加蠟(la)磨光(guang),由于紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)質堅挺平滑,抄寫文(wen)字“墨光(guang)黝澤如髹漆可(ke)鑒”,因而“日漸被人(ren)盜去,四十年(nian)而殆盡(jin)”。“好(hao)事者剝取為裝潢之用”。使金(jin)粟(su)(su)(su)山藏(zang)經(jing)(jing)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名揚(yang)四方,求者甚(shen)多,屢有(you)仿(fang)制。
我國(guo)(guo)宋元兩代寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)廟名剎萬千(qian),藏(zang)經(jing)卷(juan)帙汗牛充棟,即以(yi)明代海(hai)鹽(yan)縣(xian)為(wei)例,寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)廟祠院庵即達(da)139所。但(dan)以(yi)一(yi)處(chu)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)院命(ming)名的(de)(de)藏(zang)經(jing)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),歷史上(shang)似僅有(you)(you)(you)金(jin)粟(su)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)一(yi)處(chu)。以(yi)宋代一(yi)些寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)廟刻印藏(zang)經(jing),印藏(zang)經(jing)的(de)(de)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)些就是寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)內(nei)自(zi)己(ji)請工(gong)匠(jiang)所造(zao),如(ru)(ru)(ru)海(hai)鹽(yan)《法喜寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)藏(zang)經(jing)》,流傳絕少,惟(wei)曾有(you)(you)(you)背紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)幾番,為(wei)張燕昌所藏(zang),光潔(jie)如(ru)(ru)(ru)玉,與金(jin)粟(su)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)無(wu)異,今(jin)存(cun)(cun)宋熙寧十(shi)(shi)年(1077)寫海(hai)鹽(yan)縣(xian)法喜寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)轉輪大藏(zang)本(ben)《大般(ban)若波羅蜜多(duo)經(jing)》六(liu)百卷(juan)(存(cun)(cun)卷(juan)八(ba)十(shi)(shi)九),藏(zang)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)家圖(tu)書館。也有(you)(you)(you)并(bing)無(wu)自(zi)己(ji)的(de)(de)品(pin)牌紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)來(lai)寫大藏(zang)的(de)(de),如(ru)(ru)(ru)江(jiang)蘇句(ju)容縣(xian)《崇明寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)大藏(zang)》中(zhong)(zhong)《說一(yi)切(qie)有(you)(you)(you)部(bu)品(pin)類足論(lun)》(殘存(cun)(cun)卷(juan)十(shi)(shi)一(yi)),今(jin)存(cun)(cun)上(shang)海(hai)圖(tu)書館。金(jin)粟(su)山在浙江(jiang)省海(hai)鹽(yan)縣(xian)西(xi)南三(san)十(shi)(shi)六(liu)里處(chu),位(wei)于(yu)(yu)澉浦西(xi)北(bei)茶院村(cun)有(you)(you)(you)金(jin)粟(su)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si),宋大中(zhong)(zhong)祥符(1008-1016)初(chu)元始改為(wei)廣惠(hui)禪院。寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)金(jin)粟(su)山藏(zang)經(jing)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),此紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大約造(zao)於宋代治平年(公(gong)元1064-1067年)或更早,乃(nai)用(yong)桑皮、楮皮加工(gong)而成,專(zhuan)供寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)院寫經(jing)之(zhi)用(yong)。紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)有(you)(you)(you)朱色小印「金(jin)栗(li)山藏(zang)經(jing)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)」,其內(nei)外涂以(yi)白(bai)蠟(la)并(bing)砑光,又以(yi)藥水濡染使(shi)之(zhi)發黃,紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)厚重,紋理粗,精細(xi)瑩滑(hua),久(jiu)存(cun)(cun)不朽,書寫效(xiao)果(guo)絕佳。由于(yu)(yu)千(qian)年滄桑,紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面墨色如(ru)(ru)(ru)初(chu)。
金(jin)(jin)粟(su)(su)寺之(zhi)大藏,即用自制(zhi)藏經(jing)(jing)(jing)紙書寫(xie),故稱之(zhi)為「北宋寫(xie)金(jin)(jin)粟(su)(su)山(shan)大藏經(jing)(jing)(jing)」,又稱「海鹽金(jin)(jin)粟(su)(su)山(shan)廣(guang)惠禪院大藏」,經(jing)(jing)(jing)為卷軸裝(zhuang)(zhuang),計(ji)六百函萬馀(yu)卷,每紙三(san)十(shi)行,行十(shi)七(qi)(qi)字,朱絲欄,以(yi)千字文編號。每幅紙心皆鈐有朱色「金(jin)(jin)粟(su)(su)山(shan)藏經(jing)(jing)(jing)紙」小(xiao)長方印。卷端下(xia)小(xiao)字題寫(xie)「海鹽金(jin)(jin)粟(su)(su)山(shan)廣(guang)惠禪院大藏」。卷軸裝(zhuang)(zhuang)中經(jing)(jing)(jing)重(zhong)新改為經(jing)(jing)(jing)折(zhe)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)者(zhe)也(ye)有,但甚(shen)少,如(ru)《大般若波羅蜜多經(jing)(jing)(jing)》(存(cun)卷十(shi)三(san))、《阿毗(pi)達磨(mo)識身足論》(存(cun)卷八十(shi)七(qi)(qi))。
清金人(ren)瑞《關門(men)(men)》詩(shi):“關門(men)(men)對雨靜焚香,到(dao)地垂簾(lian)孟夏(xia)長。小婦(fu)橫舒金粟(su)紙,先生(sheng)篆寫《遠游》章。”