【保(bao)險公司(si)會倒閉(bi)嗎】保(bao)險公司(si)會不會破產(chan)保(bao)險公司(si)破產(chan)的影響
保險公司會不會破產
保險公司是可以倒閉的,按照《保險法》第90條,“保險公司或者其債權人可以依法向人民法院申請重整、和解或者破產清算;國務院保險監督(du)管理機構也可以依(yi)法(fa)向人民法(fa)院(yuan)申請對該保險(xian)公(gong)司(si)進行重(zhong)整或者破產清算。”
但是(shi),從(cong)1980年恢復保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)業(ye)(ye)務以來,我國尚無一(yi)家保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)倒(dao)閉。而且,對于大家關注最(zui)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)壽(shou)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)合同(tong)來,根據《保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)法》第88條的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規定:”經(jing)(jing)營(ying)有(you)人(ren)(ren)壽(shou)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)業(ye)(ye)務的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)被(bei)依(yi)法撤銷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)或(huo)者被(bei)依(yi)法宣告(gao)破(po)產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),其(qi)持有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)壽(shou)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)合同(tong)及準備(bei)金,必須轉(zhuan)移給其(qi)他經(jing)(jing)營(ying)有(you)人(ren)(ren)壽(shou)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)業(ye)(ye)務的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si);不能同(tong)其(qi)他保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)達成轉(zhuan)讓協(xie)議(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),由保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)監督管理機構指定經(jing)(jing)營(ying)有(you)人(ren)(ren)壽(shou)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)業(ye)(ye)務的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)接受。并且在此過(guo)程(cheng)中,應當維護(hu)被(bei)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)、受益(yi)人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合法權益(yi)。“。也就是(shi)說(shuo)就是(shi)壽(shou)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)即便破(po)產(chan),也要有(you)“接盤俠”。“接盤俠”要維護(hu)現有(you)客戶的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合法權益(yi)。
保險公司破產清償流程
①所欠職工工資和勞動保險費(fei)用(yong);
②賠償或者給付保險金;
③所欠稅款;
④清(qing)償公司債(zhai)務(wu)。破(po)產(chan)財產(chan)不(bu)足清(qing)償同一順序清(qing)償要求的,按(an)照比例分(fen)配。
保險公司破產的影響
1、負面效應
保險業受到高度的監管,因此公眾往往預期保險公司不會破產。然而現實并非如此,英國每年大約有0.5%的保險公司破產,其中1992年達到了2%;90年代以來美國保險公司破產比率日趨上升,每年大約有0.5%到1%的保險公司破產。2001年HIH保險集團被宣告破產,并成為澳大利亞歷史上最大的破產案之一;1997年日產生命保險的破產宣告了日本保險業“不倒神話”的破滅,并引發了一連串動蕩,東邦生命保險、第一火災海上保險、第百生命保險、千代田生命保險、協榮生命保險等保險機構相繼破產。毋庸置疑,社會所關注的并不僅僅是保險公司(si)(si)(si)(si)破產的頻率,而(er)是(shi)保(bao)(bao)險公司(si)(si)(si)(si)破產所(suo)造成的影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。保(bao)(bao)險業的興衰關系到社(she)會公眾的利(li)益,因此當保(bao)(bao)險公司(si)(si)(si)(si)發生破產時,無論對于個人、組織或社(she)會均將造成重大影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。這正(zheng)是(shi)保(bao)(bao)險公司(si)(si)(si)(si)破產特殊性之(zhi)所(suo)在(zai),保(bao)(bao)險公司(si)(si)(si)(si)破產的宏觀(guan)影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)包括(kuo)對保(bao)(bao)險業的影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)和國民經濟的影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)兩個層面。
2、對于保險業的影響
保險公司破(po)產會(hui)造成(cheng)投(tou)(tou)保人和被保險人的(de)(de)(de)恐(kong)慌(huang)。在(zai)經濟學中,不管恐(kong)慌(huang)是(shi)如何發生的(de)(de)(de),它一旦發生,馬上就有(you)一種自(zi)我證(zheng)明機(ji)制,因為恐(kong)慌(huang)可以(yi)證(zheng)明其(qi)合(he)理性。投(tou)(tou)保人和被保險人的(de)(de)(de)這種恐(kong)慌(huang)首先(xian)表現(xian)為一旦他們預期(qi)保險公司將要破(po)產,那么就有(you)可能引發“退保潮”。即使(shi)投(tou)(tou)保人在(zai)保險公司破(po)產后能夠收回未到期(qi)保費或(huo)現(xian)金價(jia)值,但是(shi)為了(le)避免深(shen)陷漫長的(de)(de)(de)破(po)產程(cheng)序(xu),他們也(ye)會(hui)選擇退保。
3、對于國(guo)民經濟的(de)影(ying)響
國外學者普遍認為不應當把保險僅(jin)僅(jin)視為(wei)(wei)(wei)通過保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)基金(jin)(jin)(jin)的(de)運作填補(bu)損(sun)害(hai)的(de)轉移(yi)機制(zhi),除(chu)該項功(gong)能(neng)外,保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)還從(cong)以(yi)(yi)下六(liu)個(ge)方(fang)面服務于經(jing)濟(ji)繁榮:保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)可以(yi)(yi)增(zeng)強(qiang)金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)的(de)穩定;保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)可以(yi)(yi)替代和補(bu)充社(she)會(hui)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障;保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)可以(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)商業(ye)貿易提供便利(li);保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)可以(yi)(yi)促成更為(wei)(wei)(wei)有效的(de)風險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)理(li);保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)可以(yi)(yi)鼓勵防(fang)災(zai)減損(sun);保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)可以(yi)(yi)推動有效的(de)資金(jin)(jin)(jin)配置與(yu)之類似(si),我(wo)國學者大多(duo)把現代保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)功(gong)能(neng)歸納為(wei)(wei)(wei)三(san)類:經(jing)濟(ji)補(bu)償(chang)、資金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)通和社(she)會(hui)管(guan)理(li)。保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)經(jing)濟(ji)補(bu)償(chang)功(gong)能(neng)體現在保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)制(zhi)度依靠大數(shu)(shu)法則(ze)和數(shu)(shu)理(li)統計從(cong)而達到(dao)“人(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)我(wo),我(wo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)”的(de)互濟(ji)互助。