投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)是(shi)(shi)與(yu)商(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)相(xiang)對(dui)應的(de)一(yi)類(lei)金(jin)融機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)，主(zhu)要(yao)從(cong)事(shi)證券(quan)發(fa)行(xing)(xing)(xing)、承(cheng)銷、交(jiao)易、企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)重組(zu)、兼并與(yu)收(shou)購、投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)分析、風險投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、項目融資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)等(deng)業(ye)(ye)(ye)務的(de)非(fei)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)金(jin)融機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)，是(shi)(shi)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本市場上(shang)的(de)主(zhu)要(yao)金(jin)融中(zhong)介。投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)是(shi)(shi)美國(guo)(guo)(guo)和(he)歐(ou)洲大(da)陸的(de)稱謂，英(ying)國(guo)(guo)(guo)稱之為商(shang)人銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)，在(zai)日本則指(zhi)證券(quan)公司。 投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)組(zu)織形(xing)態主(zhu)要(yao)有(you)(you)四種：一(yi)是(shi)(shi)獨立型(xing)的(de)專業(ye)(ye)(ye)性投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)，這種類(lei)型(xing)的(de)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)比較多，遍(bian)布世(shi)界各(ge)地，他們有(you)(you)各(ge)自(zi)擅長的(de)業(ye)(ye)(ye)務方向(xiang)，比如(ru)美國(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)高盛(sheng)、摩(mo)根斯坦利；二是(shi)(shi)商(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)擁有(you)(you)的(de)投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)，主(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)(shi)商(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)通過(guo)兼并收(shou)購其(qi)他投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)，參股或(huo)建立附屬公司從(cong)事(shi)投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)務，這種形(xing)式在(zai)英(ying)德等(deng)國(guo)(guo)(guo)非(fei)常典(dian)型(xing)，比如(ru)匯豐 集團、瑞銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)集團；三是(shi)(shi)全能型(xing)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)直(zhi)接經營(ying)投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)務，這種形(xing)式主(zhu)要(yao)出現在(zai)歐(ou)洲，銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)在(zai)從(cong)事(shi)投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)務的(de)同時也從(cong)事(shi)商(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)務，比如(ru)德意志銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)；四是(shi)(shi)一(yi)些大(da)型(xing)跨國(guo)(guo)(guo)公司興辦的(de)財務公司。在(zai)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)，投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)主(zhu)要(yao)代表(biao)有(you)(you)：中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際金(jin)融有(you)(you)限(xian)公司、中(zhong)信證券(quan)等(deng)。