從狹義上講，融(rong)資(zi)即是一(yi)(yi)(yi)個企業(ye)的(de)(de)資(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)籌集(ji)的(de)(de)行(xing)為與過(guo)程。也就是公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)根據自身的(de)(de)生產經營狀況、資(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)擁有的(de)(de)狀況，以及公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)未來經營發展的(de)(de)需要(yao)，通過(guo)科學的(de)(de)預(yu)測和決(jue)策(ce)，采用一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)方式(shi)，從一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)渠(qu)道向公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)的(de)(de)投(tou)資(zi)者和債(zhai)權(quan)人(ren)去(qu)籌集(ji)資(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)，組織資(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)供(gong)應，以保證公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)正常生產需要(yao)，經營管理活動需要(yao)的(de)(de)理財行(xing)為。公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)籌集(ji)資(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)動機應該遵循一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)原則，通過(guo)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)渠(qu)道和一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)方式(shi)去(qu)進行(xing)。我們通常講，企業(ye)籌集(ji)資(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)無(wu)非有三大(da)目(mu)的(de)(de)：企業(ye)要(yao)擴(kuo)張、企業(ye)要(yao)還債(zhai)以及混合(he)動機(擴(kuo)張與還債(zhai)混合(he)在一(yi)(yi)(yi)起的(de)(de)動機)。

從廣義上講(jiang)，融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)也叫金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)，就是貨幣資(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)通，當(dang)事人(ren)通過(guo)各種(zhong)方式到金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)上籌措或貸放(fang)資(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)為(wei)。從現(xian)代(dai)經濟發展的(de)(de)(de)狀況看，作為(wei)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)比以往任何(he)時(shi)候都更加深刻，全(quan)面(mian)地了(le)(le)(le)解金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)知(zhi)識、了(le)(le)(le)解金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機(ji)構、了(le)(le)(le)解金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)，因為(wei)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)發展離(li)不(bu)開金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)的(de)(de)(de)支持，企(qi)業(ye)(ye)必須(xu)與之打交道。1991年鄧(deng)小平同志視察上海時(shi)指出：“金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)很重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)，是現(xian)代(dai)經濟的(de)(de)(de)核(he)心，金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)搞(gao)好(hao)了(le)(le)(le)，一(yi)著棋活(huo)，全(quan)盤皆活(huo)。”中(zhong)國人(ren)民銀行(xing)行(xing)長(chang)戴相龍(long)主編了(le)(le)(le)一(yi)本(ben)《領(ling)(ling)(ling)導干(gan)(gan)部金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)知(zhi)識讀本(ben)》，江(jiang)澤民同志當(dang)時(shi)做(zuo)了(le)(le)(le)批語：“我(wo)希望各級黨政(zheng)領(ling)(ling)(ling)導干(gan)(gan)部和廣大(da)(da)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)領(ling)(ling)(ling)導干(gan)(gan)部，都要(yao)(yao)學一(yi)些(xie)金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)基本(ben)知(zhi)識。”，“如(ru)何(he)運用金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)這個經濟杠桿，是一(yi)門(men)很大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)學問。”這就昭(zhao)示我(wo)們(men)，如(ru)果不(bu)了(le)(le)(le)解金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)知(zhi)識，不(bu)學習金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)知(zhi)識，作為(wei)搞(gao)經濟的(de)(de)(de)領(ling)(ling)(ling)導干(gan)(gan)部是不(bu)稱職(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)，作為(wei)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)領(ling)(ling)(ling)導人(ren)也是不(bu)稱職(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)。為(wei)此，我(wo)想簡要(yao)(yao)地介紹一(yi)些(xie)金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)的(de)(de)(de)基本(ben)知(zhi)識，與大(da)(da)家一(yi)起學習。金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)知(zhi)識的(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)(yao)內容包括：金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機(ji)構、金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)業(ye)(ye)務、金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)、金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)調(diao)控(kong)、金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)監管。