江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)方言(yan)(yan)，一般(ban)指分(fen)(fen)布(bu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)漢語(yu)(yu)方言(yan)(yan)，不包(bao)括分(fen)(fen)布(bu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)少數民族語(yu)(yu)言(yan)(yan)下(xia)的(de)(de)方言(yan)(yan)。江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)漢語(yu)(yu)方言(yan)(yan)主(zhu)要有(you)：贛語(yu)(yu)、客(ke)家(jia)語(yu)(yu)、江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)淮官話(hua)、西(xi)(xi)(xi)南(nan)官話(hua)、吳(wu)語(yu)(yu)和(he)徽(hui)語(yu)(yu)。贛語(yu)(yu)，是江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)最(zui)主(zhu)要的(de)(de)方言(yan)(yan)，集中(zhong)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)中(zhong)部(bu)(bu)和(he)北(bei)部(bu)(bu)，覆蓋(gai)了全省(sheng)(sheng)面積和(he)人口的(de)(de)三分(fen)(fen)之二。客(ke)家(jia)語(yu)(yu)，主(zhu)要分(fen)(fen)布(bu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)南(nan)部(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)17個縣和(he)吉安、宜春、萍鄉、撫州和(he)九(jiu)(jiu)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)的(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)市(shi)縣。江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)淮官話(hua)，主(zhu)要分(fen)(fen)布(bu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)北(bei)部(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)九(jiu)(jiu)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)市(shi)區、九(jiu)(jiu)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)縣、瑞昌市(shi)等地(di)。

一.贛語介紹

（一）歷史來源

江西(xi)方言的(de)(de)歷(li)史(shi)悠久，其形成(cheng)當從西(xi)漢時(shi)(shi)期就已開始初(chu)具規模。漢高祖時(shi)(shi)設(she)(she)豫章郡，郡治南昌(chang)，下轄(xia)十(shi)八(ba)縣(xian)，遍布今江西(xi)四方。既有人口就有語言和方言，有了人口也才(cai)談(tan)得上設(she)(she)置(zhi)郡縣(xian)，所(suo)以，豫章郡和十(shi)八(ba)縣(xian)的(de)(de)設(she)(she)置(zhi)是江西(xi)地區經濟文化發展的(de)(de)必然結果(guo)，也是贛方言開始形成(cheng)的(de)(de)具體表現(xian)和證明。

贛(gan)語(yu)(yu)歷史悠久，是(shi)唐宋以前中(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)移民的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)話和(he)贛(gan)地(di)(di)(di)先(xian)(xian)民語(yu)(yu)言相(xiang)(xiang)互(hu)融(rong)合的(de)(de)(de)產物，形成于漢(han)朝，定(ding)型于唐宋。自上古至有周(zhou)一(yi)代，江西一(yi)直都是(shi)三(san)苗等贛(gan)地(di)(di)(di)先(xian)(xian)民的(de)(de)(de)活動(dong)區(qu)域(yu)。到了周(zhou)朝的(de)(de)(de)春秋戰國時期，贛(gan)地(di)(di)(di)先(xian)(xian)后隸屬吳(wu)、越、楚的(de)(de)(de)統治(zhi)，其居民自當是(shi)使用古越語(yu)(yu)和(he)古楚語(yu)(yu)。秦(qin)漢(han)以后，中(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)對江右地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)進行了多(duo)次大規模的(de)(de)(de)移民，中(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)漢(han)語(yu)(yu)和(he)本地(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)吳(wu)語(yu)(yu)、楚語(yu)(yu)互(hu)相(xiang)(xiang)接(jie)觸、互(hu)相(xiang)(xiang)融(rong)合，贛(gan)語(yu)(yu)遂(sui)逐(zhu)步形成。

（二）特點

贛語的共(gong)同點是：古代的全濁(zhuo)聲(sheng)母今讀(du)塞音、塞擦音時(shi)，為(wei)送(song)氣的清(qing)音，無論(lun)平仄，如“陪伴、停電(dian)、存在(zai)、沉(chen)重、強健”這幾個詞，贛語統(tong)統(tong)都是送(song)氣的清(qing)聲(sheng)母，而普通話(hua)卻是前(qian)一(yi)字送(song)氣，后一(yi)字不送(song)氣，吳語（如上海(hai)話(hua)和(he)上饒話(hua)）則都是[d b dz d ]一(yi)類的濁(zhuo)聲(sheng)母。

古代(dai)的(de)遇攝三等(deng)魚韻字(zi)(zi)、流攝一(yi)等(deng)字(zi)(zi)、臻攝開(kai)口一(yi)等(deng)字(zi)(zi)、曾攝一(yi)等(deng)字(zi)(zi)和梗攝開(kai)口二等(deng)文(wen)讀字(zi)(zi)，許多地方主要元音是[ε]（或相近的(de)[e、]），如南昌市：鋸 kiεl狗(gou)kiεul根kiεnl燈tεnl耕kiεn 。

梗攝字(zi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般都(dou)有(you)(you)(you)文(wen)(wen)白(bai)兩(liang)讀(du)(du)(du)。這(zhe)(zhe)里說的(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)白(bai)兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)讀(du)(du)(du)法(fa)，是(shi)從一(yi)(yi)(yi)批(pi)(pi)字(zi)的(de)(de)系統上來(lai)看(kan)的(de)(de)，而(er)不著眼于(yu)某(mou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)字(zi)有(you)(you)(you)幾種(zhong)(zhong)不同(tong)的(de)(de)讀(du)(du)(du)音(yin)(yin)。來(lai)歷(li)相(xiang)同(tong)的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)批(pi)(pi)字(zi)，在書面語(yu)或新詞語(yu)中(zhong)，有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)套(tao)(tao)讀(du)(du)(du)音(yin)(yin)形成相(xiang)同(tong)的(de)(de)語(yu)音(yin)(yin)特點，而(er)在日常口語(yu)中(zhong)，在那(nei)些天天使用的(de)(de)最基本的(de)(de)詞語(yu)中(zhong)，這(zhe)(zhe)些字(zi)又有(you)(you)(you)另(ling)一(yi)(yi)(yi)套(tao)(tao)讀(du)(du)(du)音(yin)(yin)，形成另(ling)外一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)相(xiang)同(tong)的(de)(de)語(yu)音(yin)(yin)特點。前者(zhe)我(wo)們(men)叫“文(wen)(wen)讀(du)(du)(du)”，后者(zhe)我(wo)們(men)叫“白(bai)讀(du)(du)(du)”。文(wen)(wen)白(bai)異讀(du)(du)(du)是(shi)就一(yi)(yi)(yi)批(pi)(pi)字(zi)來(lai)說的(de)(de)。其中(zhong)的(de)(de)某(mou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)字(zi)，可能是(shi)既(ji)有(you)(you)(you)文(wen)(wen)讀(du)(du)(du)音(yin)(yin)，又有(you)(you)(you)白(bai)讀(du)(du)(du)音(yin)(yin)；也可能是(shi)只有(you)(you)(you)文(wen)(wen)讀(du)(du)(du)音(yin)(yin)，沒有(you)(you)(you)白(bai)讀(du)(du)(du)音(yin)(yin)；或者(zhe)反過來(lai)，只有(you)(you)(you)白(bai)讀(du)(du)(du)音(yin)(yin)，沒有(you)(you)(you)文(wen)(wen)讀(du)(du)(du)音(yin)(yin)。如南昌的(de)(de)梗攝字(zi)：

省 　青 　影 　生 　平

文讀 sεn省市 t‘in青年 in電(dian)影 sεn學生 p‘in和平

白讀 saη節省(sheng) t‘iaη青菜 iaη影子 saη生熟 p‘iaη平(ping)地

影母(mu)字開(kai)口(kou)呼多讀[η]聲母(mu)，不讀零(ling)聲母(mu)，如南(nan)昌(chang)市：安ηon襖ηau愛ηai鴉ηa“大(da)小”的“大(da)”讀[ai]韻母(mu)，來自蟹攝(she)徒蓋切(qie)。普通話(hua)讀[a]韻母(mu)，來自果攝(she)唐佐(zuo)切(qie)。南(nan)昌(chang)方(fang)言把母(mu)親的姐姐叫“[t‘o]娘(niang)”，撫州(zhou)方(fang)言把板栗(li)叫“[ho]栗(li)”，這(zhe)里的[t‘o]和[ho]才(cai)是來自唐佐(zuo)切(qie)的“大(da)”字，也就是普通話(hua)的[ta] 。

“菜梗”的“梗”字絕大多數地方有[u]介音，而普通話讀(du)[kη]，沒有[u]介音，如：

南昌kuaη 萍鄉ku? 彭(peng)澤kuan

“搬(ban)班”兩(liang)字韻母不同(tong)，“官關(guan)”兩(liang)字大部分地(di)方韻母也不相同(tong)。這兩(liang)對字在(zai)古代韻母不同(tong)，普通(tong)話變得相同(tong)了，而贛語中還保留著不同(tong)的特點，如：

南昌(chang) 　吉安(an)市 　撫(fu)州 　宜春

搬　pon 　pon 　pon 　pon

班(ban) 　pan 　pan 　pan 　pan

官 　kuon 　kuon 　kuon 　kuon

關　 kuan 　kuan 　kuan 　kuan

除吉安、萍鄉(xiang)一(yi)帶無入聲(sheng)(sheng)之外，全省其他(ta)地方的(de)(de)贛語及其他(ta)方言基(ji)本上(shang)都(dou)有入聲(sheng)(sheng)。古(gu)代的(de)(de)入聲(sheng)(sheng)字(zi)(zi)(zi)在(zai)吉安、萍鄉(xiang)一(yi)帶的(de)(de)基(ji)本情況是：古(gu)清(qing)聲(sheng)(sheng)母(mu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)今(jin)(jin)讀陰平(ping)，古(gu)全濁聲(sheng)(sheng)母(mu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)今(jin)(jin)讀去聲(sheng)(sheng)，次濁聲(sheng)(sheng)母(mu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)有的(de)(de)讀陰平(ping)，有的(de)(de)讀去聲(sheng)(sheng)。

詞匯方(fang)面：太(tai)陽叫“日(ri)頭”或(huo)“熱(re)頭”（有(you)的地方(fang)“日(ri)熱(re)”讀音(yin)不分(fen)）。下(xia)雨說(shuo)(shuo)“落雨”。站立大部分(fen)地方(fang)說(shuo)(shuo)“？隆保ǘ寥紜凹肌保?有(you)的地方(fang)讀如“欺”）。坐著喝茶(cha)，說(shuo)(shuo)“坐到吃茶(cha)”。交合說(shuo)(shuo)“戳”。第三(san)人稱(cheng)代詞說(shuo)(shuo)“渠”。我(wo)的說(shuo)(shuo)“我(wo)個” 。

（三）使用地區

贛語(yu)是(shi)江西省最主要的(de)方言，它(ta)不僅覆蓋了全省面(mian)積和人口的(de)三分之二，甚至(zhi)還分布(bu)在湖南、湖北、安徽(hui)、福(fu)建、浙(zhe)江等鄰省的(de)部分地(di)區(qu)。

江西省(sheng)內的贛語區(qu)包括以下62個(ge)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)：南昌市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、南昌縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、安義縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、永(yong)修縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、修水(shui)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、德安縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、廬山(shan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、都昌縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、湖口縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、彭澤縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、高安市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、奉新(xin)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、靖安縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、武寧縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、宜(yi)春市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、宜(yi)豐縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、上高縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、樟樹市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、新(xin)干縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、萍鄉市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、新(xin)余(yu)(yu)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、萬載縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、豐城市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、吉安市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、吉水(shui)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、峽江縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、安福縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、蓮花(hua)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、泰和(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、永(yong)新(xin)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、井岡山(shan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、永(yong)豐縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、萬安縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、遂川縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、撫州市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、金(jin)溪縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、崇(chong)仁縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、宜(yi)黃縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、樂安縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、南城縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、黎(li)川縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、資溪縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、東鄉縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、進賢(xian)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、南豐縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、廣昌縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、鷹潭市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、貴溪市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、萬年縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、余(yu)(yu)江縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、余(yu)(yu)干縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、樂平市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、鄱(po)陽縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、橫峰縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、弋(yi)陽縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、鉛山(shan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、景德鎮(zhen)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)等(deng)地區(qu)。

分片

江西省內(nei)的贛語區(qu)可分為昌都片(pian)(pian)、昌靖片(pian)(pian)、宜瀏片(pian)(pian)、吉(ji)茶片(pian)(pian)、撫廣片(pian)(pian)和鷹弋片(pian)(pian)。

二.客家話

客家話(hua)主(zhu)要分(fen)布在全省南(nan)部的17個(ge)縣和(he)西北(bei)部的銅鼓縣：興國、寧都、石城、瑞金、會昌、尋烏、安遠、定(ding)南(nan)、龍南(nan)、全南(nan)、信(xin)豐（不包括縣城嘉定(ding)鎮和(he)城郊的部分(fen)農村）、大(da)余、崇義、上猶、南(nan)康、贛縣、于(yu)都、銅鼓。

銅鼓縣60％以上的人(ren)口說客家話(hua)，分布在縣城及豐田、排埠、二(er)源、石(shi)橋、溫泉、三都、西向(xiang)、大塅、古橋等鄉(xiang)。少數(shu)人(ren)說贛(gan)語，分布在帶溪、棋坪、高(gao)橋、幽(you)居(ju)、港口等鄉(xiang)。

客家話還見于(yu)與(yu)銅鼓縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)毗鄰的(de)一(yi)些地方：萬(wan)載縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)有約(yue)2萬(wan)人，集中(zhong)在鄰近湖南省界處。宜(yi)豐縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)黃岡、車上、天寶、同安(an)、花橋等(deng)鄉(xiang)，有大(da)約(yue)3萬(wan)人，約(yue)占(zhan)全縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人口(kou)的(de)十分之一(yi)。奉(feng)新縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)甘(gan)坊、七里、西塔、石溪(xi)、澡溪(xi)、仰山等(deng)鄉(xiang)，約(yue)5萬(wan)人，占(zhan)全縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人口(kou)的(de)五(wu)分之一(yi)。靖安(an)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)官(guan)莊(zhuang)、澡都等(deng)鄉(xiang)。高(gao)安(an)市華林鄉(xiang)。修水縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)山口(kou)、何市、上奉(feng)等(deng)鄉(xiang)。武(wu)寧(ning)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)石門鄉(xiang)。

客(ke)家(jia)話還(huan)見于以下地方：廣(guang)昌縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)驛前(qian)鄉(xiang)(xiang)。永豐縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)潭頭、龍岡、君埠等(deng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)。吉安縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)天河(he)鎮、前(qian)嶺、官田(tian)(tian)、敖城(cheng)、指陽、東固、富田(tian)(tian)等(deng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)。泰和縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)橋頭、碧(bi)溪、老營盤(pan)、上(shang)圮、中龍、小(xiao)龍、水槎、沙村等(deng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)，人(ren)口(kou)約3萬(wan)多。萬(wan)安縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)順峰(feng)、澗田(tian)(tian)、寶山(shan)(shan)、武術、桂江(jiang)、羅塘等(deng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)，占全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)口(kou)40％左右(you)。遂川縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)除縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)城(cheng)泉(quan)江(jiang)鎮和附近的(de)瑤廈、珠(zhu)田(tian)(tian)、年源(yuan)、雩田(tian)(tian)、枚江(jiang)、盆珠(zhu)等(deng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)說贛語之外，全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)其余(yu)二(er)十(shi)多個(ge)鄉(xiang)(xiang)都說客(ke)家(jia)話，客(ke)籍占全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)口(kou)的(de)三分之二(er)。井岡山(shan)(shan)市黃坳、下七、長坪等(deng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)和羅浮墾(ken)殖場的(de)大井、朱(zhu)砂、羅浮二(er)個(ge)分場，客(ke)籍占全(quan)市人(ren)口(kou)的(de)約40％。寧岡縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)睦村、茅坪、大隴、白露、荷花(hua)(hua)等(deng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)，客(ke)籍人(ren)口(kou)2萬(wan)，不到(dao)全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)口(kou)的(de)三分之一。永新縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)坳南、曲江(jiang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)，客(ke)籍人(ren)口(kou)2000。以上(shang)九個(ge)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)市的(de)客(ke)家(jia)話地區與(yu)贛南客(ke)家(jia)話縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)份連(lian)成一片。贛東北(bei)橫峰(feng)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)龍門(men)鄉(xiang)(xiang)的(de)上(shang)源(yuan)排、戈(ge)家(jia)村也(ye)說客(ke)家(jia)話，約600人(ren)。其他有(you)(you)的(de)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)份也(ye)有(you)(you)零星(xing)客(ke)籍，如蓮花(hua)(hua)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)荷塘鄉(xiang)(xiang)只(zhi)有(you)(you)幾(ji)戶人(ren)家(jia)說客(ke)家(jia)話。

三.官話區

官話(hua)(hua)(hua)區(qu)有(you)5個(ge)市(shi)縣(xian)，其中九江(jiang)(jiang)市(shi)、九江(jiang)(jiang)、瑞昌(chang)市(shi)說(shuo)江(jiang)(jiang)淮(huai)官話(hua)(hua)(hua)。（瑞昌(chang)市(shi)大部分鄉鎮(zhen)說(shuo)江(jiang)(jiang)淮(huai)官話(hua)(hua)(hua)，南(nan)(nan)面少(shao)數幾個(ge)鄉說(shuo)贛(gan)語），贛(gan)州市(shi)城區(qu)和信(xin)豐說(shuo)西(xi)南(nan)(nan)官話(hua)(hua)(hua)（信(xin)豐縣(xian)城嘉定鎮(zhen)及桃江(jiang)(jiang)鄉的(de)(de)大部分、大阿鄉的(de)(de)太平(ping)圍村說(shuo)西(xi)南(nan)(nan)官話(hua)(hua)(hua)，全縣(xian)大部分農(nong)村說(shuo)客家話(hua)(hua)(hua);

四.吳語區

吳語(yu)區(qu)有4個(ge)市縣：上饒市、上饒、廣豐(feng)、玉山(shan)。德(de)興縣的龍(long)頭山(shan)也說(shuo)吳語(yu)。江西(xi)的吳語(yu)區(qu)在贛東北，與浙江省衢州一帶的吳語(yu)連(lian)成一片。

五.徽語區有3個縣：婺源、德興、浮梁。

六.除贛(gan)(gan)語(yu)、客家話、江淮官(guan)話、西南官(guan)話、吳(wu)語(yu)、徽語(yu)以外(wai)，全省名地還(huan)有一(yi)些(xie)近代從外(wai)省遷(qian)入的移民(min)，說不(bu)(bu)同的方言，主要(yao)的有“福建腔”，分散(san)在贛(gan)(gan)東(dong)北的幾個縣(xian)。解放(fang)后修新安江水庫，有不(bu)(bu)少說吳(wu)語(yu)的浙江移民(min)，遷(qian)移到江西的一(yi)些(xie)縣(xian)居(ju)住，主要(yao)也在贛(gan)(gan)東(dong)北。

少數民族語言(yan)有瑤(yao)語，在全南縣(xian)竹(zhu)山鄉嵠山村(cun)，人(ren)口約200人(ren)，說瑤(yao)語和當(dang)地的(de)(de)(de)客(ke)家話。江(jiang)西省的(de)(de)(de)其他(ta)少數民族，主要是畬族，不說自己的(de)(de)(de)少數民族語言(yan)，只說當(dang)地的(de)(de)(de)漢語方言(yan)。

七.江西地方言

（一）南昌：

1.切了貨——完(wan)了，遇上事兒(er)了

2.祝希哩——干什么，為什么

3.冒有——沒(mei)有的意(yi)思(si)

4.搭到了(le)頭——意指一件事(shi)本(ben)來很容易做成卻把(ba)它弄砸了(le)或(huo)不切合(he)實際(ji)的事(shi)卻冒險(xian)做了(le)或(huo)要做

5.恰了飯啵——南昌人見(jian)面常說(shuo)的一句話，問(wen)對方有沒有吃飯，可見(jian)南昌人的熱情

6.平整(zheng)——意指(zhi)好(hao)，可(ke)(ke)指(zhi)人也可(ke)(ke)指(zhi)事

7.喀[kie]氣——意指(zhi)女(nv)人漂(piao)亮

8.啷[long]——意指怎么，南昌話中用得很多的一個詞

9.森(sen)頭搭腦——意指人很笨，很傻，類似南(nan)昌話中“鵝”字

10.雜(za)隙——趕快(kuai)

（二）九江話

1.面的——黃蟲

2.做事搞(gao)一(yi)下，弄一(yi)下——杯一(yi)哈

3.女生(sheng)愛打扮——搖婆精

4.設(she)圈(quan)套——做合子

5.撒謊——撤白乎, 逗控

6.煩人(ren)——ZEI人(ren), ZEI心, 腫人(ren)

7.這里(li)——跌(die)地

8.開(kai)始(shi)——嘎式(shi)

9.鼻涕——壁龍(long)拋

10.地痞——流（第(di)四聲(sheng)）子板(ban)兒

（三）景德鎮話

1.么(me)的檸——什么(me)人

2.嘎嘎——爺爺

3.恰子——瘋瘋顛顛

4.打風暴——雷陣(zhen)雨

5.恰(qia)面樣個——指事情(qing)很(hen)容易辦成

6.剎(cha)么——吹牛

7.拓古拓太——形容一個東西(xi)好(hao)大

8.崽里子(zi)(zi)——小(xiao)伙子(zi)(zi)

9.女崽里——姑(gu)娘

10. 排(pai)場——漂亮(liang)

（四）宜春話

1.bà急——急匆忙(mang)忙(mang)

2.巴薩——蜘蛛

3.百思(si)百——一(yi)百多

4.bià頭上——墻上

5.滿四(si)——到處

6.特今(jin)——故意(yi)

7.精痛(tong)——很痛(tong)

8.左思——干脆(cui)

9.[滿]zí——等一(yi)下~就來

10.得了個——不得了的

（五）萍鄉話

1.恰(qia)里飯冒——吃了飯嗎

2.有腳(jiao)冒(mao)——有人嗎(3缺1)

3.腦殼上(shang)兩扎(zha)贈古腦——頭上(shang)敲兩下

4.你(ni)搞(gao)雜(za)里哦？——你(ni)(想)做(zuo)什么呢?/ 你(ni)(想)干嘛?

5.冰冷(lǎn)一壺(音(yin)fú)燒酒——形容做某件事虎頭(tou)蛇尾(wei)冷了場

6.乜（miē）爛(lan)咯——形(xing)容(rong)肉(rou)類、果品(pin)等食物已(yi)經(jing)熟(shu)透；或形(xing)容(rong)物品(pin)被(bei)(bei)破壞(huai)得(de)比較(jiao)嚴重；或形(xing)容(rong)某件事情在進行中(zhong)被(bei)(bei)攪得(de)一團糟；

7.莪苠菅(音gàn)棘——形容(rong)某人為(wei)某件事而(er)糾(jiu)纏不(bu)清

8.稀(xi)喲咯(ge)——形容(rong)物體的濃度和硬度都較低，成稠泥狀。

更多江西傳統習俗文化知識大全>>>