空調電路板常見故障維修方法

1、電源電路

（1）如果空調電路板電(dian)源(yuan)電(dian)路出(chu)現(xian)(xian)問題，會以保險管燒毀的形式表現(xian)(xian)出(chu)來，直(zhi)接顯示電(dian)路出(chu)現(xian)(xian)短路問題。

（2）可以使(shi)用萬用表(biao)歐姆(mu)擋進(jin)行阻值檢(jian)測，并判斷電路(lu)的(de)短(duan)路(lu)部(bu)位(wei)，等找到(dao)短(duan)路(lu)部(bu)位(wei)后，及時進(jin)行更換和修理。

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2、感溫電路

（1）當熱敏(min)電阻(zu)的溫度越低，電阻(zu)就越大；反之(zhi)溫度越高，電阻(zu)越小；25度的阻(zu)值約(yue)在5-20KΩ左右。

（2）可以用萬用表歐(ou)姆擋測量(liang)，如果(guo)所測量(liang)的電(dian)阻值很(hen)小或(huo)無窮大，證明熱(re)敏電(dian)阻已經損壞(huai)，需(xu)要立即更換。

3、接收電路

（1）直(zhi)接用(yong)萬用(yong)表直(zhi)流擋測(ce)量接收頭供(gong)電(dian)端、及信號端對地電(dian)壓(ya)，正常的供(gong)電(dian)極(ji)數值是(shi)+5伏電(dian)壓(ya)，信號極(ji)電(dian)壓(ya)是(shi)+2.5伏。

（2）若數(shu)值(zhi)不對，應該是接收(shou)頭損(sun)壞或電容擊(ji)穿了，先(xian)逐個排(pai)除，然后找(zhao)到具體的維修方法。

4、晶振電路

（1）空調通電開機后，用萬用表測量石英晶(jing)振(zhen)管(guan)的兩腳電壓，數值在+2.2伏(fu)左右；若小于1.5伏(fu)，電路(lu)有停振(zhen)問題。

（2）可以拆下石英晶振管(guan)，用萬用表(biao)歐姆擋進行判斷(duan)，顯示開路，說明(ming)石英晶振管(guan)是好的；如果是短路，晶體已經損壞了。

4、CPU故障

電(dian)路(lu)板CPU正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作的(de)必(bi)要條(tiao)件為：電(dian)源電(dian)壓(ya)+5V、復(fu)位電(dian)壓(ya)、時鐘脈沖信號，這三個(ge)條(tiao)件缺一不可(ke)(ke)，否則CPU就不能正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作。所(suo)以，可(ke)(ke)用(yong)萬用(yong)表檢測(ce)其(qi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作條(tiao)件的(de)電(dian)壓(ya)，若電(dian)壓(ya)值正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)，整機不工(gong)(gong)(gong)作，即可(ke)(ke)判斷CPU芯片損壞。當CPU出現(xian)故(gu)障(zhang)時，只需(xu)更換CPU即可(ke)(ke)。

空調電路板維修注意事項

1、對于空調電路板維修我們要注意的(de)問題有很多(duo)，首先(xian)我們就先(xian)來(lai)了解導線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)寬度這方面所(suo)要注意的(de)相關事項。由(you)(you)于它瞬變電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流在PCB電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路板印(yin)制(zhi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)條(tiao)上所(suo)產生的(de)沖擊干擾(rao)，主要是由(you)(you)印(yin)制(zhi)導線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感(gan)成分造成的(de)，因此應盡量減小(xiao)印(yin)制(zhi)導線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感(gan)量。采(cai)用(yong)正確(que)的(de)布(bu)(bu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)策略采(cai)用(yong)平(ping)等(deng)走線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)可以減少(shao)導線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感(gan)，但導線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)之間的(de)互(hu)感(gan)和(he)分布(bu)(bu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容增加。如果(guo)布(bu)(bu)局允(yun)許最好采(cai)用(yong)井(jing)字形網(wang)狀布(bu)(bu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)結(jie)構，具體做法是印(yin)制(zhi)板的(de)一(yi)面橫向布(bu)(bu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，另一(yi)面縱向布(bu)(bu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，然后(hou)在交叉(cha)孔處用(yong)金(jin)屬化孔相連。

2、由(you)于PCB電(dian)路板導線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)它(ta)們之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)會造成一些串(chuan)擾(rao)問題，所以為了(le)抑制這種(zhong)事情的(de)發生(sheng)，則進行設計布線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)時(shi)候，應該盡量避免長(chang)距(ju)離的(de)平等走線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，盡可能拉開線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)與(yu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)距(ju)離。信號線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)與(yu)地線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)及電(dian)源(yuan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)盡可能不(bu)交叉，在一些對干擾(rao)十分敏感的(de)信號線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)設置(zhi)一根接地的(de)印制線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，可以有效地抑制串(chuan)擾(rao)。

3、在(zai)實際空調器電腦板的(de)故障(zhang)維(wei)修中(zhong)，應本著先(xian)易后難(nan)的(de)原則，先(xian)查電源電路和復位電路，然(ran)后更換(huan)晶(jing)振，再(zai)是檢查搖控(kong)接收電路，最后才考(kao)濾更換(huan)CPU。因(yin)為CPU管(guan)腳多更換(huan)最難(nan)且價格高，更重要的(de)是CPU損(sun)壞(huai)機(ji)率(lv)相當低，因(yin)此(ci)不要輕易更換(huan)微電腦控(kong)制電路中(zhong)的(de)CPU。