一、經編機是做什么的
經(jing)編(bian)(bian)(bian)用一(yi)組或幾(ji)組平行排(pai)列的(de)紗線,于經(jing)向喂(wei)入(ru)機器的(de)所有工作針上,同時成(cheng)(cheng)圈而形成(cheng)(cheng)針織物,這(zhe)種方(fang)法(fa)稱為(wei)經(jing)編(bian)(bian)(bian),形成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)針織物稱為(wei)經(jing)編(bian)(bian)(bian)織物。 以(yi)織物牽拉方(fang)向與針桿平面呈 140°以(yi)上夾角為(wei)結(jie)構特點的(de)一(yi)類經(jing)編(bian)(bian)(bian)機。常(chang)用來編(bian)(bian)(bian)織窗簾、臺布、床罩、毛毯、花邊飾(shi)帶、婦女(nv)內外衣(yi)、漁網、包裝袋等組織結(jie)構比較(jiao)復雜的(de)經(jing)編(bian)(bian)(bian)針織物。
二、經編機的主要機構及工作原理
1、主要機構
經編(bian)機(ji)(ji)主要由編(bian)織機(ji)(ji)構(gou)、梳櫛橫移機(ji)(ji)構(gou)、送經機(ji)(ji)構(gou)、牽拉(la)卷(juan)取(qu)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)和傳(chuan)動機(ji)(ji)構(gou)組成(cheng)。
2、工作原理
(1)編織機構包括針床、梳(shu)櫛、沉降片床和壓板,一般由(you)凸輪(lun)或偏(pian)心連(lian)桿傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)。凸輪(lun)常用于速度較(jiao)低、成圈機件運動(dong)(dong)規律較(jiao)復雜的(de)經編機中。偏(pian)心連(lian)桿由(you)于傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)平穩,加(jia)工較(jiao)簡便,高(gao)(gao)速運轉(zhuan)時磨損(sun)和噪音較(jiao)小,因而(er)在高(gao)(gao)速經編機上得到廣泛(fan)應用。
(2)梳櫛(zhi)橫(heng)(heng)(heng)移(yi)(yi)機(ji)構(gou),使梳櫛(zhi)在(zai)(zai)成圈過程(cheng)中按(an)(an)照針(zhen)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物組織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)要求橫(heng)(heng)(heng)移(yi)(yi),將(jiang)經紗墊(dian)于針(zhen)上,以便(bian)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)成具(ju)有一定組織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)結構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)針(zhen)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物。通常有花(hua)(hua)板(ban)式(shi)(shi)和(he)凸(tu)輪式(shi)(shi)兩(liang)種。花(hua)(hua)板(ban)式(shi)(shi)機(ji)構(gou)通過一定外形和(he)尺寸(cun)的(de)(de)(de)花(hua)(hua)板(ban)按(an)(an)針(zhen)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物組織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)要求串聯(lian)成花(hua)(hua)板(ban)鏈條,使梳櫛(zhi)橫(heng)(heng)(heng)移(yi)(yi),適用于編(bian)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)花(hua)(hua)紋比(bi)較復(fu)雜的(de)(de)(de)組織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),花(hua)(hua)型變(bian)換比(bi)較方(fang)便(bian)。在(zai)(zai)凸(tu)輪式(shi)(shi)機(ji)構(gou)中凸(tu)輪是(shi)按(an)(an)針(zhen)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物組織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所需梳櫛(zhi)橫(heng)(heng)(heng)移(yi)(yi)規律而設計的(de)(de)(de),傳動較平穩,能適應較高的(de)(de)(de)編(bian)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)速度。
(3)送(song)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou),把經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)軸(zhou)上的(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)紗(sha)(sha)退(tui)解下來(lai),送(song)入編織(zhi)區。有消極式和積(ji)極式兩類。消極式機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)中經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)軸(zhou)為經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)紗(sha)(sha)張(zhang)(zhang)力(li)拉動(dong)而送(song)出經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)紗(sha)(sha),不需要(yao)專(zhuan)(zhuan)門的(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)軸(zhou)傳動(dong)裝置(zhi)(zhi),適用于機(ji)(ji)速(su)較低(di)、送(song)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)規律較為復雜的(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)編機(ji)(ji)。積(ji)極式送(song)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)采(cai)用專(zhuan)(zhuan)門的(de)(de)傳動(dong)裝置(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)軸(zhou)回轉(zhuan)(zhuan)送(song)出經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)紗(sha)(sha),又有張(zhang)(zhang)力(li)感(gan)(gan)應(ying)(ying)式和線(xian)速(su)度(du)感(gan)(gan)應(ying)(ying)式之(zhi)別。張(zhang)(zhang)力(li)感(gan)(gan)應(ying)(ying)式機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)通過張(zhang)(zhang)力(li)桿感(gan)(gan)應(ying)(ying)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)紗(sha)(sha)張(zhang)(zhang)力(li)的(de)(de)大(da)小來(lai)控(kong)制經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)軸(zhou)的(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)。線(xian)速(su)度(du)感(gan)(gan)應(ying)(ying)式機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)通過測速(su)裝置(zhi)(zhi)感(gan)(gan)應(ying)(ying)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)紗(sha)(sha)運動(dong)速(su)度(du)的(de)(de)大(da)小來(lai)控(kong)制經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)軸(zhou)的(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)。這類機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)以預定線(xian)速(su)度(du)送(song)出經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)紗(sha)(sha),能(neng)在高(gao)速(su)運轉(zhuan)(zhuan)條件下穩(wen)定地工作,故在高(gao)速(su)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)編機(ji)(ji)上得到廣泛使(shi)用。
(4)牽拉卷(juan)取機構是以預定的速(su)度將織物從(cong)編織區牽引(yin)出(chu)來并卷(juan)繞(rao)成布卷(juan)。