一、經編機是做什么的
經(jing)編(bian)(bian)用一組或幾組平行排(pai)列的紗線,于經(jing)向(xiang)喂入機器的所有工作針上(shang),同時成(cheng)(cheng)圈而形成(cheng)(cheng)針織物(wu),這(zhe)種方(fang)法(fa)稱(cheng)(cheng)為經(jing)編(bian)(bian),形成(cheng)(cheng)的針織物(wu)稱(cheng)(cheng)為經(jing)編(bian)(bian)織物(wu)。 以(yi)織物(wu)牽(qian)拉方(fang)向(xiang)與針桿平面(mian)呈 140°以(yi)上(shang)夾(jia)角為結構(gou)特點的一類經(jing)編(bian)(bian)機。常用來編(bian)(bian)織窗(chuang)簾、臺布、床罩、毛毯、花(hua)邊(bian)飾帶、婦女內(nei)外衣(yi)、漁(yu)網、包裝(zhuang)袋等組織結構(gou)比較復(fu)雜的經(jing)編(bian)(bian)針織物(wu)。
二、經編機的主要機構及工作原理
1、主要機構
經編(bian)機主要(yao)由編(bian)織機構(gou)、梳櫛(zhi)橫移機構(gou)、送經機構(gou)、牽拉卷(juan)取機構(gou)和傳動機構(gou)組成(cheng)。
2、工作原理
(1)編織機(ji)構包括針床(chuang)、梳櫛、沉降片床(chuang)和(he)壓板,一般由(you)凸輪(lun)或偏(pian)心連桿傳動(dong)。凸輪(lun)常用于(yu)速度較(jiao)低、成圈機(ji)件運(yun)(yun)動(dong)規律較(jiao)復雜的經(jing)編機(ji)中。偏(pian)心連桿由(you)于(yu)傳動(dong)平(ping)穩,加工(gong)較(jiao)簡便,高(gao)速運(yun)(yun)轉時磨損和(he)噪音較(jiao)小,因而在高(gao)速經(jing)編機(ji)上得到廣泛應用。
(2)梳櫛(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)橫(heng)移機(ji)構,使梳櫛(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)成(cheng)圈過(guo)程中按照(zhao)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物組織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的要求橫(heng)移,將經紗墊于(yu)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)上,以(yi)便織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)具有一(yi)定組織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)結構的針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物。通(tong)(tong)常有花板(ban)式(shi)(shi)和凸(tu)輪式(shi)(shi)兩(liang)種。花板(ban)式(shi)(shi)機(ji)構通(tong)(tong)過(guo)一(yi)定外形(xing)和尺寸(cun)的花板(ban)按針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物組織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的要求串聯(lian)成(cheng)花板(ban)鏈條,使梳櫛(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)橫(heng)移,適(shi)(shi)用于(yu)編(bian)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)花紋(wen)比較復(fu)雜的組織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),花型變(bian)換比較方便。在(zai)凸(tu)輪式(shi)(shi)機(ji)構中凸(tu)輪是按針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物組織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所需梳櫛(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)橫(heng)移規律而(er)設計的,傳動較平(ping)穩,能適(shi)(shi)應較高(gao)的編(bian)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)速(su)度。
(3)送(song)經(jing)(jing)(jing)機(ji)(ji)構(gou),把經(jing)(jing)(jing)軸(zhou)上的(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)紗(sha)(sha)退解下來,送(song)入(ru)編(bian)(bian)織區。有(you)(you)消(xiao)極式(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)積極式(shi)(shi)(shi)兩類(lei)。消(xiao)極式(shi)(shi)(shi)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)中經(jing)(jing)(jing)軸(zhou)為(wei)(wei)經(jing)(jing)(jing)紗(sha)(sha)張力拉動而送(song)出(chu)(chu)經(jing)(jing)(jing)紗(sha)(sha),不需要專(zhuan)門(men)的(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)軸(zhou)傳動裝置(zhi)(zhi),適用于機(ji)(ji)速(su)較低、送(song)經(jing)(jing)(jing)規(gui)律較為(wei)(wei)復(fu)雜(za)的(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)編(bian)(bian)機(ji)(ji)。積極式(shi)(shi)(shi)送(song)經(jing)(jing)(jing)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)采用專(zhuan)門(men)的(de)傳動裝置(zhi)(zhi)使經(jing)(jing)(jing)軸(zhou)回轉送(song)出(chu)(chu)經(jing)(jing)(jing)紗(sha)(sha),又有(you)(you)張力感(gan)(gan)應(ying)式(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)線(xian)速(su)度(du)感(gan)(gan)應(ying)式(shi)(shi)(shi)之別。張力感(gan)(gan)應(ying)式(shi)(shi)(shi)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)通過(guo)張力桿感(gan)(gan)應(ying)經(jing)(jing)(jing)紗(sha)(sha)張力的(de)大小來控制經(jing)(jing)(jing)軸(zhou)的(de)轉速(su)。線(xian)速(su)度(du)感(gan)(gan)應(ying)式(shi)(shi)(shi)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)通過(guo)測(ce)速(su)裝置(zhi)(zhi)感(gan)(gan)應(ying)經(jing)(jing)(jing)紗(sha)(sha)運動速(su)度(du)的(de)大小來控制經(jing)(jing)(jing)軸(zhou)的(de)轉速(su)。這(zhe)類(lei)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)以預定(ding)線(xian)速(su)度(du)送(song)出(chu)(chu)經(jing)(jing)(jing)紗(sha)(sha),能在高速(su)運轉條(tiao)件下穩定(ding)地(di)工作,故在高速(su)經(jing)(jing)(jing)編(bian)(bian)機(ji)(ji)上得(de)到廣(guang)泛使用。
(4)牽(qian)(qian)拉卷取機構是以預定的速度(du)將織物從編織區牽(qian)(qian)引出來并卷繞成布卷。