一、緩沖罐的作用

緩沖罐主要用于各種系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)中(zhong)緩(huan)(huan)(huan)沖(chong)(chong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)波(bo)動，使系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)工作(zuo)更平(ping)穩(wen)。緩(huan)(huan)(huan)沖(chong)(chong)罐(guan)的(de)(de)緩(huan)(huan)(huan)沖(chong)(chong)性能主要通(tong)過(guo)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)罐(guan)內的(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)空氣(qi)(qi)來實現。緩(huan)(huan)(huan)沖(chong)(chong)罐(guan)有隔膜式緩(huan)(huan)(huan)沖(chong)(chong)罐(guan)和(he)氣(qi)(qi)囊式兩種，被(bei)廣泛應用于中(zhong)央(yang)空調、鍋爐(lu)、熱水(shui)器、變(bian)頻、恒壓(ya)(ya)(ya)供(gong)水(shui)設備中(zhong)，其緩(huan)(huan)(huan)沖(chong)(chong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)波(bo)動，消除水(shui)錘起到穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)卸荷的(de)(de)作(zuo)用，在系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)內水(shui)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)輕微變(bian)化(hua)時，緩(huan)(huan)(huan)沖(chong)(chong)罐(guan)氣(qi)(qi)囊的(de)(de)自動膨脹收(shou)縮(suo)會對水(shui)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)變(bian)化(hua)有一(yi)定緩(huan)(huan)(huan)沖(chong)(chong)作(zuo)用，能保證系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)水(shui)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)穩(wen)定，水(shui)泵不會因壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)改變(bian)而(er)頻繁(fan)的(de)(de)開啟。

二、緩沖罐的結構和工作原理

緩沖罐(guan)是利(li)用(yong)液體(ti)的壓(ya)縮性(xing)極小的性(xing)質(zhi)，用(yong)外(wai)力(li)將液體(ti)儲存在罐(guan)內，氣(qi)體(ti)受到壓(ya)縮壓(ya)力(li)升(sheng)高，當(dang)外(wai)力(li)消失壓(ya)縮氣(qi)體(ti)膨脹可將水(shui)排除(chu)。

緩沖罐主要由氣門蓋、充氣口、氣囊、碳鋼罐體、法蘭盤組成，當其連接到水系統上時，主要起一個蓄能器的作用，當系統水壓力大于緩沖罐碳鋼罐體于氣囊之間的氣壓力時，系統水會在系統壓力的作用下擠入緩沖罐氣囊內，這樣一是會壓縮罐體于(yu)氣(qi)(qi)囊之間的(de)氣(qi)(qi)，使其體積減小(xiao)，壓力增大(da)；罐體于(yu)氣(qi)(qi)囊之間是出廠時預(yu)充的(de)氣(qi)(qi)，罐體外(wai)面(mian)(mian)為烤(kao)漆層，進出水口直(zhi)(zhi)接(jie)用(yong)(yong)三通或金屬(shu)軟管連(lian)接(jie)到系統，排氣(qi)(qi)閥(fa)(fa)接(jie)口可及時排出系統和氣(qi)(qi)囊內的(de)水溢(yi)出的(de)空氣(qi)(qi)，也可用(yong)(yong)閘閥(fa)(fa)直(zhi)(zhi)接(jie)關死(si)，以(yi)免水從(cong)頂部溢(yi)出，防塵帽下面(mian)(mian)是充/放氣(qi)(qi)口，可補充氣(qi)(qi)或放掉(diao)一部分氣(qi)(qi)體。二是會增加系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)整個水(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)容納(na)空間，使系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)減(jian)小(xiao)，直到系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)水(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)和(he)罐體于氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)囊(nang)之(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)達到新的(de)(de)(de)(de)平衡(heng)才停止(zhi)進水(shui)(shui)。當系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)水(shui)(shui)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)小(xiao)于膨(peng)脹罐內氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)時，氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)囊(nang)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)會在罐體于氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)囊(nang)之(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)氮氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)作(zuo)用(yong)下(xia)擠出，補回到系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)，系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)水(shui)(shui)容積(ji)(ji)減(jian)小(xiao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)上(shang)升，罐體于氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)囊(nang)之(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體積(ji)(ji)增大壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)下(xia)降，直到兩者(zhe)達到新的(de)(de)(de)(de)平衡(heng)，水(shui)(shui)停止(zhi)從(cong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)囊(nang)擠壓(ya)(ya)(ya)回系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)，緩沖罐起到調節(jie)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)波動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)。