一、棉花采摘機有幾種類型

棉(mian)(mian)花(hua)采(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)機是(shi)專門用(yong)來采(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)棉(mian)(mian)花(hua)的(de)農業機械，現如(ru)今棉(mian)(mian)花(hua)采(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)的(de)機采(cai)率越(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)高，采(cai)棉(mian)(mian)機的(de)種類(lei)也越(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)多(duo)，那么采(cai)棉(mian)(mian)機有幾種類(lei)型呢？

在棉(mian)(mian)花機械化收獲(huo)(huo)的(de)(de)歷史(shi)上，出現過多種類(lei)型的(de)(de)棉(mian)(mian)花采(cai)摘機械，按收獲(huo)(huo)方法(fa)的(de)(de)不(bu)同，一般將棉(mian)(mian)花收獲(huo)(huo)機械分為摘棉(mian)(mian)鈴機、采(cai)棉(mian)(mian)機兩大(da)類(lei)。

其(qi)中(zhong)，采棉(mian)(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)又分(fen)為兩種，一種是根(gen)據棉(mian)(mian)(mian)花(hua)的(de)成熟(shu)度有選擇的(de)采摘棉(mian)(mian)(mian)花(hua)的(de)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)花(hua)選收(shou)機(ji)(ji)，另(ling)一種是將棉(mian)(mian)(mian)花(hua)連(lian)同(tong)葉、桃(tao)全部采摘，然后進行(xing)(xing)清花(hua)，一次(ci)性(xing)完成作(zuo)業的(de)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)花(hua)統(tong)收(shou)機(ji)(ji)，包括刮板毛(mao)刷統(tong)收(shou)采棉(mian)(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)、梳脫不對行(xing)(xing)統(tong)收(shou)采棉(mian)(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)，由于棉(mian)(mian)(mian)花(hua)統(tong)收(shou)機(ji)(ji)采凈(jing)率難以(yi)保證，所以(yi)總的(de)使用(yong)面積、使用(yong)量較少。

現在(zai)市(shi)場上使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的主要是棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)花(hua)選收(shou)機(ji)(ji)，根據棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)花(hua)采(cai)摘(zhai)原理以及(ji)采(cai)摘(zhai)頭的結構不(bu)同棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)花(hua)選收(shou)機(ji)(ji)也分(fen)為兩(liang)種：一種是自(zi)走(zou)式水(shui)平(ping)摘(zhai)錠采(cai)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)，大多世界主要產棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)國(guo)都(dou)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)該種采(cai)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)，目前國(guo)內市(shi)場上暢(chang)銷的采(cai)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)大多都(dou)是水(shui)平(ping)摘(zhai)錠式采(cai)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)；另一種是自(zi)走(zou)式垂(chui)直(zhi)(zhi)摘(zhai)錠采(cai)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)，主要應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)在(zai)前蘇聯的一些(xie)采(cai)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)區。垂(chui)直(zhi)(zhi)摘(zhai)錠式采(cai)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)與(yu)水(shui)平(ping)摘(zhai)錠式采(cai)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)比較的主要缺(que)點(dian)是：作業(ye)效率(lv)相對較低，含(han)雜(za)率(lv)相對較高，相關試驗表明，水(shui)平(ping)摘(zhai)錠采(cai)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)采(cai)凈率(lv)達96%，含(han)雜(za)率(lv)約為10%左右，遠較垂(chui)直(zhi)(zhi)摘(zhai)錠式采(cai)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)要高，我國(guo)的新疆棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)區早期曾購買過(guo)該種垂(chui)直(zhi)(zhi)摘(zhai)錠式采(cai)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)，但由于這些(xie)缺(que)點(dian)，已基(ji)本不(bu)再使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。

二、什么樣的采棉機比較好

市面上生產采(cai)棉機(ji)(ji)的(de)廠(chang)家(jia)有很多，每(mei)個(ge)廠(chang)家(jia)旗下(xia)也有多個(ge)采(cai)棉機(ji)(ji)機(ji)(ji)型，不管(guan)是什么(me)采(cai)棉機(ji)(ji)，一般好的(de)棉花采(cai)摘機(ji)(ji)要滿足以(yi)下(xia)幾個(ge)要求：

1、采凈率高

要求采(cai)凈率可(ke)達93%以上，含(han)雜(za)率不高于10%。

2、作業效率高

采棉機的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)效率(lv)主(zhu)要與采(cai)收速度和作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)時間(jian)有關，作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)時間(jian)固定情況下，采(cai)收速度越(yue)(yue)快，效率(lv)越(yue)(yue)高，好的(de)采(cai)棉機一次可進行6行棉花的(de)同時采(cai)收，采(cai)收量更大，效率(lv)更高。

3、智能化高

隨(sui)機(ji)配備(bei)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收畝(mu)數(shu)(shu)計量(liang)系(xi)統，實(shi)現采(cai)(cai)(cai)收畝(mu)數(shu)(shu)實(shi)時計量(liang)，無須額外配備(bei)GPS，采(cai)(cai)(cai)棉(mian)頭采(cai)(cai)(cai)用電(dian)子(zi)仿形(xing)控(kong)制系(xi)統，配備(bei)智(zhi)能控(kong)制采(cai)(cai)(cai)摘速(su)度(du)匹配系(xi)統。獨(du)有云服(fu)務(wu)程序，可(ke)利用手機(ji)隨(sui)時隨(sui)地監管查看采(cai)(cai)(cai)棉(mian)機(ji)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)狀(zhuang)態、作(zuo)(zuo)業地點(dian)等相(xiang)關信息。

4、安全

要求(qiu)隨車配(pei)備一鍵(jian)卸棉(mian)消防噴淋系(xi)統，自帶(dai)大(da)容量消防水箱，加持大(da)功率水泵，反應迅(xun)速，保證消防安全(quan)。