一、棉花采摘機有幾種類型

棉(mian)花(hua)(hua)采摘(zhai)機是專門用來采摘(zhai)棉(mian)花(hua)(hua)的(de)農業機械，現如今棉(mian)花(hua)(hua)采摘(zhai)的(de)機采率越來越高，采棉(mian)機的(de)種類也(ye)越來越多(duo)，那么(me)采棉(mian)機有幾種類型呢？

在棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)花機(ji)械(xie)化收(shou)獲的(de)歷史上(shang)，出現過多(duo)種類型的(de)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)花采(cai)摘(zhai)機(ji)械(xie)，按(an)收(shou)獲方法的(de)不同，一般將棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)花收(shou)獲機(ji)械(xie)分為摘(zhai)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)鈴機(ji)、采(cai)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)機(ji)兩(liang)大類。

其中，采(cai)棉(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)又分為兩(liang)種(zhong)，一種(zhong)是根據(ju)棉(mian)花(hua)(hua)的(de)成熟度有選擇的(de)采(cai)摘(zhai)棉(mian)花(hua)(hua)的(de)棉(mian)花(hua)(hua)選收(shou)機(ji)(ji)(ji)，另一種(zhong)是將棉(mian)花(hua)(hua)連(lian)同葉(xie)、桃全部采(cai)摘(zhai)，然后進行(xing)清花(hua)(hua)，一次性完成作業(ye)的(de)棉(mian)花(hua)(hua)統(tong)收(shou)機(ji)(ji)(ji)，包括刮(gua)板毛(mao)刷統(tong)收(shou)采(cai)棉(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)、梳脫不對行(xing)統(tong)收(shou)采(cai)棉(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)，由于(yu)棉(mian)花(hua)(hua)統(tong)收(shou)機(ji)(ji)(ji)采(cai)凈率難以保證(zheng)，所以總的(de)使用面(mian)積(ji)、使用量較少(shao)。

現在市場上(shang)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)主(zhu)要是(shi)(shi)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)花選(xuan)收機(ji)(ji)(ji)，根據(ju)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)花采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)原(yuan)理以及采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)頭(tou)的(de)結構不(bu)同棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)花選(xuan)收機(ji)(ji)(ji)也分為兩種：一種是(shi)(shi)自走式(shi)水(shui)平(ping)摘(zhai)錠(ding)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)，大多(duo)世(shi)界主(zhu)要產棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)國(guo)都使(shi)用(yong)(yong)該種采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)，目前國(guo)內市場上(shang)暢銷的(de)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)大多(duo)都是(shi)(shi)水(shui)平(ping)摘(zhai)錠(ding)式(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)；另一種是(shi)(shi)自走式(shi)垂(chui)直(zhi)(zhi)摘(zhai)錠(ding)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)，主(zhu)要應(ying)用(yong)(yong)在前蘇聯(lian)的(de)一些采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)區(qu)。垂(chui)直(zhi)(zhi)摘(zhai)錠(ding)式(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)與水(shui)平(ping)摘(zhai)錠(ding)式(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)比較(jiao)(jiao)的(de)主(zhu)要缺點(dian)是(shi)(shi)：作業(ye)效率(lv)相對較(jiao)(jiao)低，含(han)(han)雜率(lv)相對較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)，相關試驗表明，水(shui)平(ping)摘(zhai)錠(ding)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)凈(jing)率(lv)達96%，含(han)(han)雜率(lv)約(yue)為10%左右，遠較(jiao)(jiao)垂(chui)直(zhi)(zhi)摘(zhai)錠(ding)式(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)要高(gao)，我(wo)國(guo)的(de)新疆棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)區(qu)早期曾購(gou)買(mai)過(guo)該種垂(chui)直(zhi)(zhi)摘(zhai)錠(ding)式(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)，但由于這些缺點(dian)，已(yi)基本(ben)不(bu)再使(shi)用(yong)(yong)。

二、什么樣的采棉機比較好

市面(mian)上生(sheng)產采(cai)棉機(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)廠(chang)家有(you)很多，每個(ge)廠(chang)家旗下也有(you)多個(ge)采(cai)棉機(ji)(ji)(ji)機(ji)(ji)(ji)型，不(bu)管是什么采(cai)棉機(ji)(ji)(ji)，一般好的(de)(de)棉花采(cai)摘(zhai)機(ji)(ji)(ji)要滿足以下幾個(ge)要求：

1、采凈率高

要求采凈率可達93%以上(shang)，含雜率不高(gao)于10%。

2、作業效率高

采棉機的作(zuo)業(ye)效率主要與采收(shou)速度和作(zuo)業(ye)時間有關，作(zuo)業(ye)時間固定情(qing)況下，采收(shou)速度越快，效率越高(gao)(gao)，好的采棉機一次(ci)可(ke)進(jin)行(xing)6行(xing)棉花的同時采收(shou)，采收(shou)量(liang)更(geng)大，效率更(geng)高(gao)(gao)。

3、智能化高

隨(sui)機(ji)配備(bei)采(cai)(cai)收畝數計量系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，實(shi)(shi)現采(cai)(cai)收畝數實(shi)(shi)時計量，無須(xu)額外配備(bei)GPS，采(cai)(cai)棉頭采(cai)(cai)用(yong)電子(zi)仿形控(kong)制系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，配備(bei)智能(neng)控(kong)制采(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)速(su)度匹(pi)配系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)。獨有(you)云服務程序(xu)，可(ke)利(li)用(yong)手機(ji)隨(sui)時隨(sui)地監管查看采(cai)(cai)棉機(ji)工(gong)作狀(zhuang)態、作業地點等相(xiang)關信息。

4、安全

要求隨車配備一鍵卸棉(mian)消防(fang)噴淋系統，自帶大容量(liang)消防(fang)水箱，加(jia)持大功率水泵(beng)，反(fan)應(ying)迅速，保證消防(fang)安全。