一、棉花采摘機有幾種類型
棉花(hua)采摘(zhai)機(ji)是(shi)專門用來(lai)采摘(zhai)棉花(hua)的(de)農業機(ji)械,現如今棉花(hua)采摘(zhai)的(de)機(ji)采率(lv)越(yue)(yue)來(lai)越(yue)(yue)高,采棉機(ji)的(de)種類(lei)也越(yue)(yue)來(lai)越(yue)(yue)多,那么(me)采棉機(ji)有幾種類(lei)型呢(ni)?
在棉(mian)花(hua)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)化收獲的(de)歷(li)史上(shang),出(chu)現過多種類型的(de)棉(mian)花(hua)采摘(zhai)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie),按(an)收獲方法的(de)不同,一般將棉(mian)花(hua)收獲機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)分為(wei)摘(zhai)棉(mian)鈴(ling)機(ji)(ji)、采棉(mian)機(ji)(ji)兩(liang)大類。
其中,采(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)又分為(wei)兩種(zhong),一種(zhong)是根據(ju)棉(mian)(mian)花(hua)的(de)(de)成(cheng)熟度(du)有選擇(ze)的(de)(de)采(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)棉(mian)(mian)花(hua)的(de)(de)棉(mian)(mian)花(hua)選收機(ji)(ji)(ji),另一種(zhong)是將(jiang)棉(mian)(mian)花(hua)連(lian)同葉、桃全(quan)部采(cai)(cai)摘(zhai),然(ran)后進(jin)行清花(hua),一次性完(wan)成(cheng)作業(ye)的(de)(de)棉(mian)(mian)花(hua)統(tong)收機(ji)(ji)(ji),包括刮板毛(mao)刷統(tong)收采(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)、梳脫(tuo)不對行統(tong)收采(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji),由于(yu)棉(mian)(mian)花(hua)統(tong)收機(ji)(ji)(ji)采(cai)(cai)凈(jing)率難以保證,所以總(zong)的(de)(de)使用面(mian)積(ji)、使用量較(jiao)少。
現在市(shi)場上(shang)使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)主要是(shi)棉(mian)(mian)花選收機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),根(gen)據棉(mian)(mian)花采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)原(yuan)理以及采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)頭(tou)的(de)(de)結構不同棉(mian)(mian)花選收機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)也分(fen)為(wei)兩種(zhong)(zhong):一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)自走式(shi)(shi)(shi)水平(ping)摘(zhai)錠(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),大(da)多(duo)世界主要產棉(mian)(mian)國都使(shi)用(yong)該(gai)種(zhong)(zhong)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),目前國內(nei)市(shi)場上(shang)暢銷的(de)(de)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)大(da)多(duo)都是(shi)水平(ping)摘(zhai)錠(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)式(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji);另一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)自走式(shi)(shi)(shi)垂直(zhi)摘(zhai)錠(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),主要應用(yong)在前蘇聯(lian)的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)些采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)區。垂直(zhi)摘(zhai)錠(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)式(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)與水平(ping)摘(zhai)錠(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)式(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)比(bi)較的(de)(de)主要缺(que)點是(shi):作(zuo)業效率(lv)相對(dui)較低,含(han)雜率(lv)相對(dui)較高,相關試驗表明,水平(ping)摘(zhai)錠(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)凈率(lv)達(da)96%,含(han)雜率(lv)約為(wei)10%左右,遠較垂直(zhi)摘(zhai)錠(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)式(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)要高,我國的(de)(de)新疆棉(mian)(mian)區早期曾購買過該(gai)種(zhong)(zhong)垂直(zhi)摘(zhai)錠(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)式(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)棉(mian)(mian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),但由于這些缺(que)點,已基(ji)本不再使(shi)用(yong)。
二、什么樣的采棉機比較好
市面上生產采(cai)棉機(ji)(ji)的(de)廠(chang)(chang)家(jia)(jia)有很多(duo),每個廠(chang)(chang)家(jia)(jia)旗下也有多(duo)個采(cai)棉機(ji)(ji)機(ji)(ji)型,不管(guan)是什么采(cai)棉機(ji)(ji),一般好的(de)棉花采(cai)摘機(ji)(ji)要滿足(zu)以下幾個要求:
1、采凈率高
要求采凈率可達93%以(yi)上(shang),含(han)雜(za)率不(bu)高(gao)于10%。
2、作業效率高
采棉機的(de)(de)作業(ye)效率主要與采(cai)收速度和作業(ye)時間有關,作業(ye)時間固定情況下,采(cai)收速度越快,效率越高,好的(de)(de)采(cai)棉(mian)機一(yi)次可進行6行棉(mian)花的(de)(de)同時采(cai)收,采(cai)收量更大(da),效率更高。
3、智能化高
隨機(ji)(ji)配(pei)(pei)備(bei)采收畝數計(ji)量(liang)系統,實現采收畝數實時(shi)計(ji)量(liang),無須額外配(pei)(pei)備(bei)GPS,采棉(mian)頭采用電子仿形(xing)控制系統,配(pei)(pei)備(bei)智(zhi)能(neng)控制采摘(zhai)速度(du)匹配(pei)(pei)系統。獨有云服(fu)務程序,可利(li)用手機(ji)(ji)隨時(shi)隨地監(jian)管(guan)查看采棉(mian)機(ji)(ji)工作(zuo)狀態、作(zuo)業地點等相關信息。
4、安全
要求隨(sui)車配備一鍵卸棉消防(fang)噴(pen)淋系(xi)統,自帶大(da)容(rong)量消防(fang)水(shui)箱(xiang),加持大(da)功率(lv)水(shui)泵,反應迅速,保(bao)證消防(fang)安(an)全(quan)。