一、激光打標機振鏡方面常見的故障及解決方法有哪些

1、振鏡電機不自鎖

先檢(jian)查(cha)各(ge)連(lian)接線是(shi)否(fou)(fou)有(you)(you)(you)斷(duan)路或(huo)(huo)短(duan)路，連(lian)接是(shi)否(fou)(fou)正(zheng)確(que)，保險是(shi)否(fou)(fou)完(wan)(wan)好，確(que)認無誤(wu)后(hou)，打(da)開(kai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)，觀察振(zhen)鏡(jing)(jing)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)板(ban)(ban)(ban)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)指示燈(deng)是(shi)否(fou)(fou)亮綠燈(deng)或(huo)(huo)黃燈(deng)。若不(bu)(bu)亮或(huo)(huo)者亮紅燈(deng)，則拔(ba)開(kai)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)板(ban)(ban)(ban)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)線，用萬用表測量(liang)其輸入端各(ge)端子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓是(shi)否(fou)(fou)為±24V。若電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓正(zheng)常(chang)(chang)，側要(yao)再(zai)(zai)測試一(yi)(yi)下(xia)帶上(shang)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)板(ban)(ban)(ban)及機(ji)負載(zai)時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓是(shi)否(fou)(fou)正(zheng)常(chang)(chang)，如果都不(bu)(bu)正(zheng)常(chang)(chang)，則打(da)開(kai)控制(zhi)盒，不(bu)(bu)帶負載(zai)測試一(yi)(yi)下(xia)開(kai)關電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，如果電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓不(bu)(bu)正(zheng)常(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)話，剛開(kai)關電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)損壞(huai)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)輸入正(zheng)常(chang)(chang)后(hou)，連(lian)好所有(you)(you)(you)線后(hou)，上(shang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)一(yi)(yi)般會發(fa)出二聲滴答音，若沒有(you)(you)(you)響聲，再(zai)(zai)用手手輕推一(yi)(yi)下(xia)振(zhen)鏡(jing)(jing)片，稍有(you)(you)(you)點力度，如果振(zhen)鏡(jing)(jing)片沒自(zi)鎖(suo)(suo)的(de)(de)(de)話，則驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)板(ban)(ban)(ban)壞(huai)，當然電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓輸出正(zheng)常(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)情況下(xia)，驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)板(ban)(ban)(ban)燈(deng)不(bu)(bu)亮或(huo)(huo)者亮紅燈(deng)那就是(shi)振(zhen)鏡(jing)(jing)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)板(ban)(ban)(ban)或(huo)(huo)者電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)有(you)(you)(you)問題，此時(shi)找一(yi)(yi)塊(kuai)確(que)認為完(wan)(wan)好的(de)(de)(de)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)板(ban)(ban)(ban)，正(zheng)確(que)連(lian)接后(hou)，打(da)開(kai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)，振(zhen)鏡(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)還(huan)不(bu)(bu)自(zi)鎖(suo)(suo)，則是(shi)振(zhen)鏡(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)損壞(huai)，同理，找一(yi)(yi)個(ge)確(que)認完(wan)(wan)好的(de)(de)(de)振(zhen)鏡(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)，接到不(bu)(bu)上(shang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)板(ban)(ban)(ban)上(shang)，打(da)開(kai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)，若不(bu)(bu)上(shang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，振(zhen)鏡(jing)(jing)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)板(ban)(ban)(ban)損壞(huai)，如此反復的(de)(de)(de)接拔(ba)線，請務必(bi)在斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)情況下(xia)進(jin)行的(de)(de)(de)。

2、振鏡電機有自鎖，但不夠力度

用一塊確認完好的振鏡(jing)(jing)驅(qu)動(dong)板(ban)和一個完好的振鏡(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)，分別接在(zai)待測試的驅(qu)動(dong)板(ban)和振鏡(jing)(jing)頭上，正常(chang)(chang)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，用手(shou)輕輕轉動(dong)振鏡(jing)(jing)軸，若(ruo)變“硬”，則(ze)正常(chang)(chang)；否則(ze)，可判定(ding)振鏡(jing)(jing)驅(qu)動(dong)板(ban)和振鏡(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)損(sun)壞。

3、振鏡電機不擺動

檢查打標卡是否有控制信號輸出，（注意其信號為-5V到+5V的直流電壓信號）若有，則檢查振鏡信(xin)號(hao)連(lian)接(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)是(shi)否(fou)連(lian)接(jie)(jie)完好(hao)，確認連(lian)接(jie)(jie)無(wu)誤后，打標，若仍沒(mei)有擺動，則檢查信(xin)號(hao)線(xian)(xian)是(shi)否(fou)正負接(jie)(jie)反或者斷(duan)(duan)線(xian)(xian)，否(fou)則，則可斷(duan)(duan)定(ding)驅動板(ban)損壞。

4、打標出現波浪線，打標頭機有輕微的叫聲

振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)驅(qu)動板發熱量稍(shao)高（出現干(gan)擾(rao)）檢(jian)查接地(di)線是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)正確接上（最(zui)好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)接地(di)方法(fa)是(shi)(shi)(shi)：X振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)地(di)，Y振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)地(di)，屏蔽線，220V電源大(da)地(di)，及打標機殼要連通(tong)）,若地(di)線接上后(hou)仍有(you)(you)(you)干(gan)擾(rao)，則(ze)首先檢(jian)查打標卡(ka)卡(ka)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)正常(chang)（檢(jian)查方法(fa)是(shi)(shi)(shi)用一(yi)塊確認(ren)完(wan)好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)打標卡(ka)換上，打標看是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)仍有(you)(you)(you)干(gan)擾(rao)），若仍然(ran)有(you)(you)(you)干(gan)擾(rao)，則(ze)進一(yi)步檢(jian)查振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電機連接線是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)完(wan)好(hao)(hao)，和(he)其它(ta)線是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)有(you)(you)(you)纏繞，若一(yi)切正常(chang)，則(ze)首先用一(yi)塊確認(ren)完(wan)好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)驅(qu)動板換上，若沒干(gan)擾(rao)，則(ze)可(ke)斷定振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)驅(qu)動板有(you)(you)(you)問(wen)題；若有(you)(you)(you)干(gan)擾(rao)，則(ze)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)電機有(you)(you)(you)問(wen)題。（當然(ran)公司(si)外(wai)出激光維修人員，請確定好(hao)(hao)，如果客戶的(de)(de)(de)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)是(shi)(shi)(shi)三年以(yi)前的(de)(de)(de)產品，產品的(de)(de)(de)抵(di)抗(kang)干(gan)擾(rao)能(neng)力肯定會(hui)差一(yi)點，振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)打標頭周邊如有(you)(you)(you)有(you)(you)(you)手(shou)機信(xin)(xin)號(hao)，馬達，電機，磁場(chang)，又(you)或者是(shi)(shi)(shi)Q開關的(de)(de)(de)射(she)頻(pin)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)外(wai)露都有(you)(you)(you)可(ke)能(neng)影響，新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)都有(you)(you)(you)可(ke)以(yi)發生這種現象(xiang)）

5、產生嘯叫

先和(he)第四步一樣(yang)，測試一下(xia)打(da)標卡信(xin)號，布線(xian)，外(wai)部干擾等，如果還有(you)嘯(xiao)叫(jiao)，則(ze)調試振鏡驅動板的(de)濾波板上電位(wei)器，若仍不(bu)能消除嘯(xiao)叫(jiao)，則(ze)需要重新返回公(gong)司(si)做精密的(de)調校(xiao)。（注意：不(bu)能長時間處于(yu)嘯(xiao)叫(jiao)狀態，以(yi)免會燒壞振鏡電機）

6、打標里不封口或封口過頭

改變(bian)打標(biao)軟(ruan)件中“跳轉延(yan)時(shi)”，出光及關光等延(yan)時(shi)。若(ruo)任都不行(xing)，則是振鏡沒有(you)(you)完全校正好(hao)，應(ying)該要返回公司，會(hui)返回供應(ying)商(shang)處，有(you)(you)條件的激光維修售后(hou)人員可以按照振鏡調試步驟做一定的調節，但(dan)要注意(yi)有(you)(you)幾個電位器是不是隨便亂(luan)動的。

7、打標時，打標頭下方，沒有激光輸出，但激光出光孔有激光

軟件(jian)打標速(su)度大(da)快，場鏡(jing)沒有安(an)裝，振(zhen)鏡(jing)不(bu)動且擺(bai)的位置不(bu)正常，振(zhen)鏡(jing)片(pian)脫落，振(zhen)鏡(jing)片(pian)臟(zang)。前面(mian)幾個問題(ti)按上面(mian)的方(fang)法來處理(li)，振(zhen)鏡(jing)片(pian)脫落裂開，要返回公司重新換上新鏡(jing)片(pian)并調試好激光，振(zhen)鏡(jing)片(pian)臟(zang)用品99%酒精和脫脂(zhi)棉擦(ca)試，如擦(ca)拭不(bu)了且是振(zhen)鏡(jing)中心(xin)部分，或者邊緣(yuan)部分大(da)1平方(fang)毫米則(ze)要更換振(zhen)鏡(jing)片(pian)與振(zhen)鏡(jing)片(pian)脫落一樣處理(li)。

二、如何避免激光振鏡的二次污染

在(zai)一般功(gong)率輸出的(de)(de)激光(guang)器中，所有(you)的(de)(de)鏡(jing)片大都會由(you)于制(zhi)造(zao)工藝的(de)(de)原因或受(shou)外(wai)界污(wu)染等(deng)因素導致鏡(jing)片對特(te)定(ding)的(de)(de)激光(guang)波長(chang)吸收大，久而(er)久之使(shi)鏡(jing)片壽(shou)命縮短，由(you)于鏡(jing)片的(de)(de)損壞而(er)造(zao)成影響使(shi)用甚至停機(ji)的(de)(de)情(qing)況時有(you)發生(sheng)。

鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)片對激(ji)光(guang)(guang)波長吸(xi)收(shou)(shou)的(de)增加會引起不均勻(yun)加熱導致鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)片的(de)反射(she)，折射(she)率產(chan)生變化，激(ji)光(guang)(guang)波長從高吸(xi)收(shou)(shou)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)片上透(tou)過或(huo)反射(she)時激(ji)光(guang)(guang)功率的(de)分布(bu)不均勻(yun)使鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)片中心(xin)溫度高，邊緣溫度低，產(chan)生這種變化在(zai)光(guang)(guang)學上稱(cheng)透(tou)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)效應。

由于(yu)污(wu)染(ran)(ran)導(dao)致鏡(jing)片(pian)高吸(xi)收引(yin)發熱透鏡(jing)效應會產(chan)生(sheng)許多(duo)問題。透鏡(jing)基片(pian)的(de)(de)不可(ke)逆熱應力的(de)(de)產(chan)生(sheng)，光束(shu)傳播(bo)通過(guo)鏡(jing)片(pian)時所(suo)(suo)產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)功(gong)率損(sun)耗，聚焦光點位置的(de)(de)偏移動，鍍膜層的(de)(de)過(guo)早損(sun)壞等(deng)都能(neng)導(dao)致鏡(jing)片(pian)遭到破壞。對于(yu)暴露(lu)在(zai)空氣中(zhong)的(de)(de)鏡(jing)片(pian)，在(zai)做清(qing)理(li)時，往往不遵循對鏡(jing)片(pian)清(qing)理(li)的(de)(de)要(yao)求和注意事項，隨便取(qu)材，其結(jie)果將造成新的(de)(de)污(wu)染(ran)(ran)甚至劃傷鏡(jing)片(pian)，造成不可(ke)彌補的(de)(de)損(sun)失。所(suo)(suo)以(yi)根據(ju)多(duo)年(nian)的(de)(de)經驗總結(jie)認為：無論(lun)哪一(yi)類光學透鏡(jing)保(bao)持(chi)清(qing)潔(jie)是最重要(yao)的(de)(de)，要(yao)有良好的(de)(de)清(qing)潔(jie)習慣(guan)去小(xiao)心清(qing)洗鏡(jing)片(pian)，就能(neng)減少或清(qing)除有關人(ren)為的(de)(de)原因所(suo)(suo)造成污(wu)染(ran)(ran)。

作為(wei)(wei)一(yi)條常(chang)識(shi)，當用(yong)(yong)手去操作光學系統時，無論清潔，拆卸(xie)，安裝(zhuang)都要(yao)(yao)帶上指套(tao)或醫用(yong)(yong)手套(tao)，要(yao)(yao)始終(zhong)保持(chi)遵(zun)循清洗鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)片(pian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求及(ji)注意事項，在(zai)清潔過程中，只(zhi)能(neng)用(yong)(yong)規定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材料，如(ru)光學用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)擦(ca)(ca)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)紙，棉簽，試劑級乙醇(chun)。對(dui)任何(he)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)片(pian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)清潔，拆卸(xie)，安裝(zhuang)走捷(jie)徑都將(jiang)導致鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)片(pian)壽(shou)命縮(suo)短，甚至永(yong)久性地(di)損壞(huai)。所以，要(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)普通的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)常(chang)識(shi)來防(fang)止鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)片(pian)受(shou)其它原因(yin)(yin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染，如(ru)遇防(fang)潮濕、煙霧、防(fang)塵等(deng)(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng)(deng)。在(zai)確定某一(yi)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)片(pian)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染后(hou)，要(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)洗耳球吹鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)片(pian)，直(zhi)到其表面(mian)(mian)沒(mei)有(you)微粒(li)為(wei)(wei)佳，千萬不要(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)嘴去吹。因(yin)(yin)為(wei)(wei)吹出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空氣大(da)都含油、水(shui)等(deng)(deng)(deng)將(jiang)會進一(yi)步污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)片(pian)。如(ru)果經過洗耳球處(chu)理以后(hou)其表面(mian)(mian)仍有(you)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染存在(zai)，就必須用(yong)(yong)專用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)棉簽蘸實驗室級丙酮，乙醇(chun)來輕輕擦(ca)(ca)拭。這樣就可以清除大(da)多數污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染薄(bo)層。激光器中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)片(pian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染會對(dui)激光輸(shu)出乃至數據(ju)采集系統造成嚴(yan)重的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)采集錯誤，如(ru)果我們能(neng)夠使鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)片(pian)經常(chang)保持(chi)清潔，將(jiang)會延(yan)長整(zheng)機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)壽(shou)命。