一、過電壓保護器和避雷器的區別

過電壓保護(hu)器(qi)(qi)和(he)(he)避(bi)雷器(qi)(qi)都(dou)是用于保護(hu)電氣設(she)備的重要裝置(zhi)，但它們的工(gong)作原(yuan)理(li)和(he)(he)作用有所不同。

過電壓保護器是(shi)一(yi)種用(yong)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)力系(xi)統中的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設備(bei)(bei)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)裝置，主要(yao)用(yong)于限制(zhi)和消(xiao)除由(you)于系(xi)統中出現過(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)而對(dui)設備(bei)(bei)造成的(de)(de)危害。過(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)工(gong)作原理(li)是(shi)當系(xi)統電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)超過(guo)(guo)(guo)額(e)定電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)時，過(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)器(qi)(qi)能夠及時引導(dao)過(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，從而將過(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)能量分散或(huo)吸收(shou)，以保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)設備(bei)(bei)免受損壞。過(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)器(qi)(qi)通(tong)常安裝在設備(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)進線、母線和出線等位置，常用(yong)的(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)器(qi)(qi)有金屬氧化物壓(ya)(ya)敏電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻器(qi)(qi)（MO），氣體放電(dian)(dian)(dian)管(guan)（GDT）、硅(gui)控整流(liu)二極管(guan)（SCR）等。

而避雷器則(ze)是一種(zhong)用(yong)于保護電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設備和人員免受雷(lei)(lei)(lei)擊(ji)危害的(de)(de)裝置。它是一種(zhong)帶(dai)有阻抗特(te)性的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣元件，能(neng)夠在(zai)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)擊(ji)時將雷(lei)(lei)(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)量(liang)引向大(da)地(di)。避(bi)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)器的(de)(de)工(gong)作原理(li)是將雷(lei)(lei)(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)通過(guo)特(te)殊的(de)(de)構造引向大(da)地(di)，防止雷(lei)(lei)(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)進入電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設備和建筑(zhu)物(wu)。常(chang)用(yong)的(de)(de)避(bi)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)器有針式避(bi)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)器和金(jin)屬氧化(hua)物(wu)避(bi)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)器。

因此，過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)保(bao)護器(qi)和避(bi)雷(lei)器(qi)都(dou)是用于保(bao)護電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設備(bei)的裝置，但過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)保(bao)護器(qi)主(zhu)要用于限(xian)制和消(xiao)除(chu)系統中出現過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)而對設備(bei)造成的危(wei)害，而避(bi)雷(lei)器(qi)主(zhu)要用于保(bao)護電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設備(bei)和人員免(mian)受雷(lei)擊危(wei)害。

二、過電壓保護器和避雷器能相互替換么

根據(ju)二者的不(bu)同作用，可以得(de)知(zhi)過電壓保護器和避雷(lei)器并(bing)不(bu)是相互替(ti)代的兩個產(chan)品，它們之間各司其職，相互補充。

在需(xu)要進行(xing)防雷保(bao)護的(de)場合(he)，二者可以(yi)同(tong)時安裝，達到(dao)更(geng)好的(de)保(bao)護效(xiao)果。但是需(xu)要注意，二者的(de)安裝位置(zhi)(zhi)應(ying)該(gai)分別確定，不能安裝在同(tong)一個位置(zhi)(zhi)。在具體操(cao)作時，應(ying)該(gai)先安裝避雷器，然后再安裝過(guo)電壓(ya)保(bao)護器。