一、過電壓保護器和避雷器的區別
過(guo)電壓保護器和(he)避雷器都是用(yong)于保護電氣設備(bei)的重要裝置(zhi),但它們的工作(zuo)原理和(he)作(zuo)用(yong)有所(suo)不同。
過電壓保護器是(shi)一種用(yong)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統(tong)中的電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設(she)備(bei)保(bao)護的裝置,主要用(yong)于限制和消(xiao)除由于系統(tong)中出(chu)現過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)而對設(she)備(bei)造成的危(wei)害。過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)保(bao)護器(qi)(qi)的工作原理(li)是(shi)當系統(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)超(chao)過(guo)額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)時,過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)保(bao)護器(qi)(qi)能(neng)夠及時引導過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流,從而將過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的能(neng)量(liang)分(fen)散或吸收,以保(bao)護設(she)備(bei)免(mian)受損壞(huai)。過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)保(bao)護器(qi)(qi)通(tong)常安裝在設(she)備(bei)的進線、母(mu)線和出(chu)線等(deng)位置,常用(yong)的過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)保(bao)護器(qi)(qi)有金屬氧化物壓(ya)敏電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻器(qi)(qi)(MO),氣體(ti)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)管(guan)(guan)(GDT)、硅控整流二(er)極管(guan)(guan)(SCR)等(deng)。
而避雷器則是一種用(yong)于(yu)保護電(dian)氣設(she)備(bei)和(he)人員免受雷(lei)(lei)擊(ji)危害的(de)裝置。它是一種帶有(you)阻抗(kang)特性的(de)電(dian)氣元(yuan)件,能夠在雷(lei)(lei)擊(ji)時將雷(lei)(lei)電(dian)能量引(yin)向大地(di)。避(bi)雷(lei)(lei)器的(de)工作原(yuan)理是將雷(lei)(lei)電(dian)通過特殊的(de)構造引(yin)向大地(di),防止(zhi)雷(lei)(lei)電(dian)進(jin)入電(dian)氣設(she)備(bei)和(he)建筑(zhu)物。常用(yong)的(de)避(bi)雷(lei)(lei)器有(you)針式避(bi)雷(lei)(lei)器和(he)金屬氧化物避(bi)雷(lei)(lei)器。
因此,過電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓保護器和(he)避雷(lei)器都(dou)是(shi)用(yong)于(yu)(yu)保護電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)設(she)(she)備(bei)的裝置,但過電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓保護器主要用(yong)于(yu)(yu)限制和(he)消除系統(tong)中出現過電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓而對設(she)(she)備(bei)造成的危(wei)害(hai),而避雷(lei)器主要用(yong)于(yu)(yu)保護電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)設(she)(she)備(bei)和(he)人員免受雷(lei)擊危(wei)害(hai)。
二、過電壓保護器和避雷器能相互替換么
根據二者的不同(tong)作用,可(ke)以得知過電壓保護器和避雷器并不是相互替代的兩個產(chan)品,它們之間(jian)各司其(qi)職,相互補(bu)充。
在需要(yao)進行防雷保(bao)護(hu)的(de)場合,二者(zhe)可以(yi)同(tong)時(shi)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang),達到更好的(de)保(bao)護(hu)效(xiao)果。但(dan)是需要(yao)注意,二者(zhe)的(de)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)位(wei)置應該(gai)分別確定,不能(neng)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)在同(tong)一個位(wei)置。在具體操作時(shi),應該(gai)先(xian)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)避(bi)雷器,然(ran)后再安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)過電壓保(bao)護(hu)器。