一、導電漿料是什么
導電(dian)(dian)(dian)漿(jiang)料(liao)又稱導電(dian)(dian)(dian)膠,是貴(gui)金(jin)屬(shu)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)與(yu)賤(jian)金(jin)屬(shu)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)、玻(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)和合(he)成樹(shu)脂(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)混(hun)合(he)物。其(qi)(qi)中添加溶(rong)劑后(hou)可制成除料(liao)或石墨狀(zhuang)物。金(jin)屬(shu)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粒徑(jing)約為(wei)(wei)1~2um,正在開(kai)發的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有粒徑(jing)為(wei)(wei)幾十nm的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)超微(wei)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)漿(jiang)料(liao)。實用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有Ag(30%~85%Ag,其(qi)(qi)余(yu)為(wei)(wei)環(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)與(yu)玻(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)粉(fen)(fen)(fen))、Au(60%~85%Au,其(qi)(qi)余(yu)為(wei)(wei)環(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)與(yu)玻(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)粉(fen)(fen)(fen))、Au-Pd(50%~70%的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)Au,10%~20%的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)Pd,其(qi)(qi)余(yu)為(wei)(wei)環(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)與(yu)玻(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)粉(fen)(fen)(fen))、Cu(70%~80%的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)Cu,其(qi)(qi)余(yu)為(wei)(wei)環(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)與(yu)玻(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)粉(fen)(fen)(fen))、Ni(80%~90%的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)Ni,其(qi)(qi)余(yu)為(wei)(wei)環(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)與(yu)玻(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)粉(fen)(fen)(fen))等漿(jiang)料(liao)。這些漿(jiang)料(liao)用(yong)絲(si)網印刷(shua)或其(qi)(qi)他方法(fa)將其(qi)(qi)涂到基片所需(xu)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部位上,然后(hou)在溫度為(wei)(wei)400~1000℃下燒成導電(dian)(dian)(dian)體。主要(yao)用(yong)于厚(hou)膜集成電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配線(xian)、陶瓷(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器等電(dian)(dian)(dian)極以及混(hun)合(he)集成電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)引線(xian)。
二、導電漿料的種類有哪些
根據導電機制和應用領域的不同,導電漿料可以分為多種類型。
1、金屬導電漿料
金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)導(dao)電(dian)漿料(liao)是將金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)顆粒分(fen)散在載體溶液中形成的漿料(liao),具有(you)優(you)良的導(dao)電(dian)性和(he)導(dao)熱(re)性能。常見的金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)導(dao)電(dian)漿料(liao)有(you)銅(tong)漿料(liao)、銀漿料(liao)和(he)鋁漿料(liao)等。金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)導(dao)電(dian)漿料(liao)常用(yong)于制(zhi)備導(dao)電(dian)電(dian)路(lu)、電(dian)極和(he)導(dao)熱(re)材(cai)料(liao)等。
2、碳基導電漿料
碳(tan)基導電(dian)漿料(liao)是將碳(tan)材(cai)料(liao)(如碳(tan)納米管、石墨(mo)烯、碳(tan)黑等(deng))分散在(zai)溶劑中形成的漿料(liao)。碳(tan)材(cai)料(liao)具(ju)有良好的導電(dian)性能和化學(xue)穩定性,廣泛應用于電(dian)池、超級電(dian)容器、導電(dian)膠粘劑等(deng)領(ling)域。
3、聚合物導電漿料
聚合(he)物(wu)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)漿(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)是(shi)將導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)聚合(he)物(wu)分散在溶劑中形成的漿(jiang)(jiang)料(liao),具有(you)良好的柔性(xing)和(he)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)性(xing)能(neng)。常(chang)見的聚合(he)物(wu)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)漿(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)有(you)聚苯胺漿(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)、聚噻吩(fen)漿(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)和(he)聚丙烯(xi)酰胺漿(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)等。聚合(he)物(wu)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)漿(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)常(chang)用于制備柔性(xing)顯示(shi)器(qi)(qi)、柔性(xing)電(dian)(dian)池和(he)傳感(gan)器(qi)(qi)等器(qi)(qi)件。
4、無機導電漿料
無機(ji)導電(dian)(dian)漿料(liao)(liao)是將無機(ji)材料(liao)(liao)分散(san)在溶劑中形成的(de)漿料(liao)(liao),具有較(jiao)高的(de)導電(dian)(dian)性能和化(hua)學穩定性。常(chang)見的(de)無機(ji)導電(dian)(dian)漿料(liao)(liao)有氧化(hua)鋅(xin)漿料(liao)(liao)、氧化(hua)銦錫漿料(liao)(liao)和氧化(hua)銅漿料(liao)(liao)等。無機(ji)導電(dian)(dian)漿料(liao)(liao)廣泛應(ying)用(yong)于光電(dian)(dian)器件、導電(dian)(dian)膜和防靜電(dian)(dian)材料(liao)(liao)等領域。
5、復合導電漿料
復合(he)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)(liao)是將不同類(lei)型的(de)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)材料(liao)(liao)進(jin)行復合(he),形成具有(you)多(duo)種導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)性能(neng)的(de)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)(liao)。常(chang)見的(de)復合(he)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)(liao)有(you)金屬-聚合(he)物復合(he)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)(liao)、碳(tan)納米管-聚合(he)物復合(he)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)(liao)和(he)(he)金屬-無機(ji)(ji)復合(he)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)(liao)等。復合(he)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)(liao)綜(zong)合(he)了各種導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)材料(liao)(liao)的(de)優點(dian),具有(you)較高(gao)的(de)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)性能(neng)和(he)(he)機(ji)(ji)械強度(du),適用于各種特殊應(ying)用。
6、功能性導電漿料
功能(neng)性(xing)(xing)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)漿(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)是(shi)在導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)漿(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)中添(tian)加功能(neng)性(xing)(xing)物質,賦(fu)予導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)材料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)更多(duo)的特殊性(xing)(xing)能(neng)。常見的功能(neng)性(xing)(xing)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)漿(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)有磁性(xing)(xing)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)漿(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)、光敏導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)漿(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)和熱敏導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)漿(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)等(deng)。功能(neng)性(xing)(xing)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)漿(jiang)(jiang)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)可用于制備磁性(xing)(xing)傳感器、光電(dian)(dian)(dian)器件(jian)和熱敏電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻等(deng)。
導電漿(jiang)料的種(zhong)類(lei)(lei)多(duo)樣,每種(zhong)類(lei)(lei)型(xing)都有其獨特的導電機制和(he)應(ying)用領域。隨(sui)著科(ke)技的不斷發(fa)展,導電漿(jiang)料將在更(geng)多(duo)領域發(fa)揮重要作用,為各種(zhong)電子器(qi)件的性能提(ti)升和(he)創新提(ti)供支(zhi)持。