直流電動機是一種將直流電能轉換為機械能的電動機。

無刷直流電動機、有刷直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)、串(chuan)勵直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)、并(bing)連直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)、他勵直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)、復連直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)、永磁式直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)等

交流電動機是一種將交流電(dian)的電(dian)能(neng)(neng)轉變為機(ji)械能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)裝置。主(zhu)要(yao)由定子(zi)和轉(zhuan)子(zi)兩部分(fen)組成。當電(dian)流通(tong)過(guo)定子(zi)線圈(quan)(quan)時，它(ta)會產生旋轉(zhuan)磁場(chang)，而轉(zhuan)子(zi)中的(de)(de)感應(ying)線圈(quan)(quan)受(shou)到這個旋轉(zhuan)磁場(chang)的(de)(de)作(zuo)用，從而發生運(yun)動，驅動機械負載轉(zhuan)動。

同(tong)步交流電(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)、感應電(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)、電(dian)(dian)勵磁同(tong)步電(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)、永磁同(tong)步電(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)、單(dan)相(xiang)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)、三相(xiang)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)

Mai_goo小編了解到直流電機是指能將(jiang)直流電能(neng)轉(zhuan)換成(cheng)機械能(neng)（直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)）或將(jiang)(jiang)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)能(neng)轉(zhuan)換(huan)成直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)能(neng)（直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)發電(dian)機(ji)(ji)）的旋轉(zhuan)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)。當它作電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)運(yun)行時是直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)，能(neng)將(jiang)(jiang)電(dian)能(neng)轉(zhuan)換(huan)為(wei)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)能(neng)。作發電(dian)機(ji)(ji)運(yun)行時是直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)發電(dian)機(ji)(ji)，能(neng)將(jiang)(jiang)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)能(neng)轉(zhuan)換(huan)為(wei)電(dian)能(neng)。

異步電動機是由氣隙旋轉磁場與轉子繞組感應電流相(xiang)互作(zuo)用產生電磁轉矩，從而實現機電能量轉換為機械能量的一種交流(liu)電機(ji)(ji)。異步電動機(ji)(ji)因其(qi)結(jie)構簡(jian)單、成(cheng)本低廉、維護方便、運(yun)行可靠等優點(dian)，在工業和(he)日(ri)常生活中得到了廣泛的應(ying)用(yong)。包括(kuo)泵和(he)風機(ji)(ji)、輸送帶和(he)提升機(ji)(ji)、壓縮機(ji)(ji)、洗衣機(ji)(ji)、烘干機(ji)(ji)、攪拌機(ji)(ji)等等。

同步電動機是由直流供(gong)電的勵磁(ci)磁(ci)場(chang)與(yu)電樞的旋轉磁(ci)場(chang)相互作用(yong)而產生轉(zhuan)矩，以同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)步(bu)轉(zhuan)速(su)旋轉(zhuan)的(de)(de)交(jiao)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)。在穩定工作狀(zhuang)態下，其軸的(de)(de)旋轉(zhuan)頻(pin)率與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)頻(pin)率同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)步(bu)，自(zi)轉(zhuan)周(zhou)(zhou)期恰好等于交(jiao)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)周(zhou)(zhou)期的(de)(de)整數(shu)倍。根據勵磁(ci)方(fang)式的(de)(de)不同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)步(bu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)可以分為多種類型，如(ru)永磁(ci)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)步(bu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)、磁(ci)阻(zu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)步(bu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)、磁(ci)滯(zhi)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)步(bu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)。常見于紡織、造紙、飛(fei)機(ji)、火箭(jian)、風(feng)力發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)組、軍事(shi)裝備等中。

電(dian)容(rong)起(qi)動(dong)式(shi)單相(xiang)異步(bu)電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)是在電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)啟動(dong)時，通過在定子(zi)繞(rao)組中加入電(dian)容(rong)器，使定子(zi)繞(rao)組產生兩組相(xiang)位不同的電(dian)流，從而產生旋轉(zhuan)磁場，使電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)順利啟動(dong)的一種電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)。

電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)運(yun)轉(zhuan)式(shi)單相(xiang)異步(bu)(bu)電(dian)(dian)動機是一種在定子繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)中(zhong)并(bing)聯一個電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)的單相(xiang)異步(bu)(bu)電(dian)(dian)動機。其結(jie)構(gou)主要由定子、轉(zhuan)子、電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)等組(zu)(zu)成(cheng)。定子由鐵心和(he)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)構(gou)成(cheng)，轉(zhuan)子同樣由鐵心和(he)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)構(gou)成(cheng)，而電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)則與定子繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)并(bing)聯，用于調(diao)節電(dian)(dian)流。

分(fen)相(xiang)式(shi)單(dan)相(xiang)異步(bu)電(dian)(dian)動機(ji)的(de)工作原理主(zhu)要(yao)依賴(lai)于電(dian)(dian)流的(de)分(fen)相(xiang)。在單(dan)相(xiang)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)供電(dian)(dian)的(de)情況下，為了產生旋轉磁(ci)場，需要(yao)采取一些特殊措施(shi)來(lai)實現電(dian)(dian)流的(de)分(fen)相(xiang)。分(fen)相(xiang)式(shi)單(dan)相(xiang)異步(bu)電(dian)(dian)動機(ji)的(de)結構(gou)相(xiang)對簡(jian)單(dan)，主(zhu)要(yao)由(you)定子、轉子、電(dian)(dian)容器(qi)、電(dian)(dian)阻器(qi)等元件組(zu)成。

又稱籠鼠式電(dian)動機(ji)(ji)，鼠籠型(xing)電(dian)動機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)定(ding)子繞(rao)(rao)組為三相鑲(xiang)嵌式分布繞(rao)(rao)組，而(er)轉子則是由鋁條或(huo)銅條與短(duan)路環焊接而(er)成或(huo)鑄造而(er)成的(de)(de)籠式導(dao)(dao)條。這(zhe)種導(dao)(dao)條的(de)(de)形(xing)狀與鼠籠相似，因此得名鼠籠型(xing)電(dian)動機(ji)(ji)。

籠鼠式(shi)電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)是一種(zhong)通用型電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)，其銅(tong)(tong)損耗低，效率高，能夠節約大量電(dian)能。而且籠鼠式(shi)電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)的機(ji)身結構簡(jian)單堅固，內部由銅(tong)(tong)楔子和鐵心片組成，沒(mei)有(you)易(yi)損件，很(hen)少需要維修或(huo)更換(huan)。

繞(rao)線型異步(bu)電動(dong)(dong)機的(de)(de)(de)轉子繞(rao)組(zu)是銅線繞(rao)制的(de)(de)(de)線圈，這些線圈的(de)(de)(de)末端通過滑環引(yin)到(dao)啟動(dong)(dong)控制設備上。這種(zhong)結構(gou)使得繞(rao)線型異步(bu)電動(dong)(dong)機在啟動(dong)(dong)和調(diao)速方面具有(you)較大的(de)(de)(de)靈活性。

啟動(dong)(dong)電流(liu)小且可控、啟動(dong)(dong)轉矩大、調速性(xing)能(neng)好(hao)、適應性(xing)強。也存在一些缺點。例如，其(qi)結構相對復(fu)雜(za)，制造成(cheng)本較高(gao)；同時(shi)，由(you)于需(xu)要外部設備(bei)進(jin)行控制，因(yin)此維護(hu)和保(bao)養(yang)也相對復(fu)雜(za)。

工具(ju)用電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)，屬(shu)于(yu)專(zhuan)用的(de)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)的(de)一種，特指應用于(yu)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)工具(ju)中(zhong)的(de)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)。電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)工具(ju)用電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)是(shi)一種將電(dian)(dian)能(neng)轉化為機(ji)(ji)械能(neng)的(de)裝(zhuang)置，它利用通(tong)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)圈(quan)在磁場中(zhong)受力轉動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)現象而(er)制成。這(zhe)種電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)工具(ju)的(de)核心部件(jian)，負責提供動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力以驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)工具(ju)進行各種作業(ye)。

民用家(jia)(jia)電(dian)(dian)中的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)，是家(jia)(jia)用電(dian)(dian)器中的(de)(de)(de)重要組成部分，為家(jia)(jia)電(dian)(dian)提供必要的(de)(de)(de)動(dong)力。包(bao)括洗(xi)衣機(ji)、空調、洗(xi)碗機(ji)、吸塵器、冰箱(xiang)、電(dian)(dian)風扇(shan)、電(dian)(dian)烤箱(xiang)、電(dian)(dian)動(dong)工具(ju)等(deng)。

步進電動機，又稱為脈沖電動機，步進電動機是將電脈沖激勵信號轉換成相應的角位移或線位移的離散值控制電動機，這種電動機每當輸入一個電脈沖就動一步，所以又稱脈沖電動機。步進電動機的分類方式較多，一般按勵磁方式分為磁阻式、永磁式和混磁式三種；按相數可分為單相、兩相、三相和多相等形式。其中，兩相和三相步進電動機在應用中較為常見。【詳細>>】

伺服電動機是指在伺服系統中控制機械元件運轉的發動機，是一種補助馬達間接變速裝置。伺服電機可以控制速度，位置精度非常準確，可以將電壓信號轉化為轉矩和轉速以驅動控制對象。買購網小編建議自動化設備和精密設備可以選擇伺服電動機。【詳細>>】

16號機座(zuo)及以(yi)上，或機座(zuo)中心高大于630mm，或者(zhe)定(ding)子鐵心外徑大于990mm的，屬于大型電動機。

1～15號機(ji)座，或機(ji)座中心高在355mm～630mm，或者(zhe)定子鐵心外徑在560～990mm之間的，的屬于中型(xing)電動機(ji)。

10號及(ji)以下機(ji)座，機(ji)座中心(xin)高在80mm～315mm，或者定子鐵心(xin)外徑在125～560mm之間的，屬于小型電動(dong)機(ji)。