芒果视频下载

網站分類
登錄 |    
建水(shui)文廟
0
票數:0 #文廟#
云南建水文廟始建于元朝至元二十二年(1285年),至今已有700多年的歷史。經歷代50多次擴建增修,占地面積已達到7.6萬平方米,其現存規模、建筑水平和保存完好程度,都僅次于山東曲阜孔廟和北京孔廟,在全國大型文廟中名列前茅。云南建水文廟依照曲阜孔廟的風格規制制造,采用南北中軸線對稱的宮殿式,東西兩側對稱布置多個單體建筑。主要建筑包括:一池、一殿、一閣、二廡、三堂、三亭、五門、六祠、八坊等共37個。
  • 所在地/隸屬: 云南省紅河哈尼族(zu)(zu)彝族(zu)(zu)自治州建(jian)水縣
  • 開放時間: 8:00~18:00
  • 建議游玩時間: 2小(xiao)時
  • 旅游景區級別: 4A
  • 文物保護單位: 國家第五批(元、明、清)
介紹攻略

簡介

建(jian)(jian)水文廟位(wei)于云南省紅河哈尼族彝族自治(zhi)州西北部(bu)的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)水縣城內(nei),是一座全國(guo)屈指可數的(de)(de)大(da)型文廟,始建(jian)(jian)于公元二十(shi)二年(1285年),是云南省繼中(zhong)(zhong)慶(昆明)、大(da)理之后,最(zui)早創建(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)第三座廟宇(yu)。后經(jing)明、清兩代擴建(jian)(jian),占(zhan)地達114畝,總體布(bu)局(ju)采用(yong)中(zhong)(zhong)軸對稱宮殿式,仿(fang)照曲阜孔廟的(de)(de)格(ge)局(ju)建(jian)(jian)造(zao),有(you)(you)1殿、2廡、2堂(tang)、2閣(ge)、5祠(ci)、8坊,是一組規模宏(hong)大(da)的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)筑群。步入大(da)門(men)(men)為肅(su)穆的(de)(de)"太和(he)元氣(qi)"坊,迎面為20余畝的(de)(de)"學海"(泮池(chi)(chi)),塘內(nei)碧波蕩(dang)漾(yang),四周(zhou)柳絲輕拂,池(chi)(chi)中(zhong)(zhong)建(jian)(jian)有(you)(you)思樂亭,左(zuo)、右有(you)(you)"禮門(men)(men)"和(he)"義路"。步人(ren)欞(ling)星門(men)(men).有(you)(you)大(da)成門(men)(men)、東西廡、大(da)成殿、祟(sui)圣詞、明倫堂(tang)、尊經(jing)閣(ge)等建(jian)(jian)筑。

大成殿(dian)建(jian)于明弘治年間,28棵柱(zhu)(zhu)支撐全(quan)殿(dian)。前檐12棵為(wei)石(shi)拄,每(mei)棵高5米,重(zhong)達5000公(gong)斤(jin),用(yong)整塊大青(qing)石(shi)雕成。大門左右2棵檐柱(zhu)(zhu)雕巨龍(long)盤繞(rao),稱(cheng)為(wei)"石(shi)龍(long)抱柱(zhu)(zhu)"。正(zheng)面(mian)22扇(shan)格子門所雕飛禽走獸,形態(tai)各異.玻(bo)璃瓦的屋頂,光彩奪目。廟宇周(zhou)圍古柏森(sen)森(sen),顯(xian)得莊嚴(yan)肅穆,雄偉(wei)壯觀,有"金碧壯麗甲全(quan)滇"之美譽,其規模僅次(ci)于山東,曲阜孔廟,為(wei)云南省重(zhong)點文物(wu)保護單位。

民國時期編修的(de)《機(ji)關(guan)報纂云南通志》記載:建水(shui)文廟(miao),是(shi)規模僅次于(yu)山東曲阜(fu)的(de)文廟(miao)。

景區特色

整個廟宇,一片翠綠,古(gu)木蕭森,莊嚴(yan)肅穆。松、柏、竹、柳(liu),千姿百(bai)態(tai),各(ge)種花卉爭妍斗艷,四時飄香。庭西有(you)兩(liang)株共生樹(shu)(shu),一(yi)為柏樹(shu)(shu),一(yi)為榕樹(shu)(shu)。數(shu)百(bai)年(nian)的風風雨雨,它們已經(jing)緊緊纏在一(yi)起。有(you)人戲稱為“萬將軍抱白小姐(jie)”。 建(jian)水城,為舊臨(lin)安(an)(an)府所在地(di),元(yuan)、明、清三代曾是(shi)滇(dian)(dian)南的政治、經(jing)濟和(he)文(wen)化(hua)的中心,加上文(wen)廟規模宏大,建(jian)筑精巧,素有(you)“滇(dian)(dian)南鄒魯”之(zhi)稱。早年(nian),當地(di)利(li)用文(wen)廟建(jian)立了(le)(le)(le)臨(lin)安(an)(an)中學(xue)。現(xian)改為建(jian)水第(di)一(yi)中學(xue),并(bing)在文(wen)廟側新(xin)建(jian)了(le)(le)(le)許多教學(xue)樓。昔日孔廟圣地(di),如今成了(le)(le)(le)青少年(nian)學(xue)習之(zhi)所。由于政府和(he)學(xue)校注意保存古(gu)跡,至今文(wen)廟仍(reng)很(hen)完整。

繞至泮池后的(de)唇臺上,只見(jian)栩栩如生的(de)龍(long)、虎、麟(lin)、獅(shi)、象巨(ju)石雕高距于坊(fang)座上,拱衛(wei)著(zhu)木(mu)構(gou)架的(de)牌樓。四周(zhou)的(de)壁(bi)畫上方,用磚砌成斗拱樣,覆以(yi)碧(bi)瓦(wa),與三楹坊(fang)頂(ding)合成疊羅漢式的(de)三重檐(yan)歇山頂(ding),檐(yan)牙(ya)高啄(zhuo),碧(bi)瓦(wa)飛(fei)翹,與“太和元(yuan)氣”坊(fang)及“禮門(men)”、“義(yi)路”坊(fang)齊觀,如數重大(da)雁飛(fei)臨泮池之(zhi)上。這(zhe)種建(jian)筑風格,凸現了(le)儒家思(si)想兩個固有(you)的(de)屬(shu)性:一(yi)(yi)方面(mian)具有(you)廣泛信仰層面(mian)上的(de)情感需求,另一(yi)(yi)方面(mian)存在(zai)著(zhu)相當豐富的(de)理論(lun)思(si)維內容。

文(wen)廟(miao)最吸引人的(de)去處無疑(yi)是大(da)成殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。它是文(wen)廟(miao)的(de)主體建筑(zhu),一(yi)字排開(kai)的(de)五間殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)堂(tang),正堂(tang)內置(zhi)龍寶座,供奉(feng)著(zhu)孔子塑像(xiang)。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)堂(tang)單檐(yan)九脊(ji)歇山(shan)頂,琉璃黃瓦,翹(qiao)角(jiao)飛甍(meng),巍(wei)巍(wei)宏麗,氣(qi)象莊嚴。這里有很多(duo)的(de)字匾和塑像(xiang),字大(da)多(duo)是歷代皇(huang)帝所(suo)題,像(xiang)都是對弘揚儒家(jia)文(wen)化作出貢獻的(de)名人。大(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)檐(yan)下懸掛著(zhu)“先(xian)師廟(miao)”三(san)個鎏金大(da)字匾,筆(bi)力雄渾遒勁,匾沿鑲嵌著(zhu)玲瓏剔透的(de)木雕龍鳳。東西(xi)廂房是祀奉(feng)先(xian)儒的(de)場(chang)所(suo),先(xian)賢(xian)79人、先(xian)儒75人依次供奉(feng)于內。

建筑

文(wen)廟座(zuo)北朝南,基本按照山東(dong)曲阜(fu)孔廟布局建(jian)造,原有一(yi)池(泮(pan)池),一(yi)壇(tan)(tan)(tan)(杏(xing)壇(tan)(tan)(tan)),一(yi)圃(pu)(pu)(射(she)圃(pu)(pu)),二殿(大成(cheng)殿、崇(chong)圣(sheng)(sheng)殿)、二廡(wu)(東(dong)廡(wu)、西廡(wu))、二堂(tang)(東(dong)明倫堂(tang)、西明倫堂(tang))、三(san)部長(尊經閣、文(wen)星(xing)閣、柱香閣)、四門(欞(ling)星(xing)門、大成(cheng)門、金(jin)聲門、玉(yu)振門)、五亭(敬(jing)一(yi)亭、思樂亭、齋宿亭、東(dong)碑亭、西碑亭)、六祠(ci)(寄賢祠(ci)、倉圣(sheng)(sheng)祠(ci)、名宦祠(ci)、鄉賢祠(ci)、節教祠(ci)、忠義(yi)孝(xiao)悌(ti)祠(ci))、八坊(fang)(太和元氣坊(fang)、洙泗淵源(yuan)坊(fang)、禮(li)門坊(fang)、義(yi)路坊(fang)、道(dao)冠(guan)古今(jin)坊(fang)、德配天(tian)地坊(fang)、圣(sheng)(sheng)域由(you)茲坊(fang)、賢關近仰坊(fang))。碑文(wen)記載(zai):此(ci)廟“殿堂(tang)門廡(wu),圣(sheng)(sheng)賢肖像,刻(ke)雕(diao)藻繪,金(jin)碧輝(hui)煌”,“遂成(cheng)一(yi)觀焉。”數百(bai)年來,不(bu)斷維修(xiu),后來除杏(xing)壇(tan)(tan)(tan)、射(she)圃(pu)(pu)、尊經閣、文(wen)星(xing)閣、敬(jing)一(yi)亭和齊宿亭不(bu)存外(wai),其他(ta)建(jian)筑仍然(ran)完好如初(chu)。

大門太和元氣(qi)坊三楹,中(zhong)間(jian)(jian)一(yi)楹高約(yue)九米,石(shi)(shi)(shi)木(mu)(mu)結構,坊座上(shang)有(you)(you)石(shi)(shi)(shi)雕獅、象、麒麟(lin)和龍(long)。頂部斗拱密集,與兩(liang)側的花(hua)磚短墻(qiang)組成(cheng)五(wu)檁三重檐(yan)牌樓頂,甚為(wei)美觀。當中(zhong)兩(liang)扇大門飾以鼓(gu)(gu)釘,門前(qian)置石(shi)(shi)(shi)鼓(gu)(gu)一(yi)對。坊后為(wei)泮池(chi),俗稱學(xue)(xue)海(hai)(hai),明(ming)成(cheng)化年(nian)(nian)間(jian)(jian)按古學(xue)(xue)宮之制開挖,弘治(zhi)年(nian)(nian)間(jian)(jian)拓寬為(wei)橢圓(yuan)形,水(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)(mian)即(ji)達四十(shi)余(yu)畝(mu)。池(chi)中(zhong)有(you)(you)一(yi)小島,有(you)(you)堤和橋(qiao)相(xiang)通。島上(shang)建鰲亭,也稱思樂亭,取“書山(shan)有(you)(you)路勤(qin)為(wei)徑,學(xue)(xue)海(hai)(hai)無(wu)涯苦作(zuo)舟(zhou)”之意,以勉勵生員奮發學(xue)(xue)習,他日(ri)功名成(cheng)就,猶如釣(diao)得(de)海(hai)(hai)中(zhong)大鰲。東西兩(liang)岸有(you)(you)路和紅(hong)(hong)墻(qiang)相(xiang)圍,路旁(pang)有(you)(you)林蔭花(hua)木(mu)(mu)。池(chi)后筑有(you)(you)半(ban)月形臺唇(chun),臺前(qian)圍以白石(shi)(shi)(shi)欄桿。左(zuo)右有(you)(you)“禮(li)門”、“義路”石(shi)(shi)(shi)牌坊,坊前(qian)各(ge)立“官員兵(bing)民人(ren)等于此下馬”碑(bei)一(yi)塊(kuai),坊側面(mian)(mian)(mian)紅(hong)(hong)墻(qiang)上(shang)鑲嵌“鳶飛魚躍”石(shi)(shi)(shi)刻(ke)大字(zi)四塊(kuai),各(ge)高一(yi)米。南面(mian)(mian)(mian)煥文(wen)(wen)山(shan)倒(dao)(dao)影映(ying)(ying)(ying)池(chi)中(zhong),山(shan)光水(shui)(shui)色,與藍(lan)天白云綠樹相(xiang)映(ying)(ying)(ying)襯(chen),分外宜人(ren)。舊志記(ji)載(zai):泮池(chi)“澄泓如鏡,上(shang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)石(shi)(shi)(shi)臺肪(fang)截,宮墻(qiang)萬仞,金碧交(jiao)輝(hui),宏整巨麗冠(guan)迤東西”“煥山(shan)倒(dao)(dao)影”或“學(xue)(xue)海(hai)(hai)文(wen)(wen)瀾(lan)”,為(wei)建水(shui)(shui)古十(shi)景之一(yi)。昔(xi)時每逢農(nong)歷六(liu)月二十(shi)四日(ri)火(huo)把(ba)節(jie)夜,彝族和漢族百(bai)姓在煥文(wen)(wen)山(shan)上(shang)點燃火(huo)把(ba),巡行在同山(shan)梯田之間(jian)(jian),以祈年(nian)(nian)照歲,企盼五(wu)谷豐登。紅(hong)(hong)色的火(huo)苗星星點點映(ying)(ying)(ying)入泮池(chi)之中(zhong),與天上(shang)的繁星交(jiao)相(xiang)輝(hui)映(ying)(ying)(ying),相(xiang)傳所(suo)見星點越(yue)多,預兆來年(nian)(nian)開科(ke)取士中(zhong)榜者亦多。清代(dai)滇南著(zhu)名文(wen)(wen)人(ren)張漢《學(xue)(xue)海(hai)(hai)觀炬》靈詩云:“煥文(wen)(wen)峰影泮池(chi)中(zhong),幾點遙窺野炬紅(hong)(hong)。陸地已成(cheng)星宿海(hai)(hai),靈槎欲貫斗牛宮……待得(de)今夕見,科(ke)名有(you)(you)婁信先通。”如此情趣,全國文(wen)(wen)廟中(zhong)絕無(wu)僅有(you)(you)。

從泮池后的(de)(de)(de)臺唇登上(shang)(shang)數級石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)階,有“洙(zhu)(zhu)泗淵源”坊三(san)楹(ying),高(gao)九米,木(mu)(mu)(mu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)結(jie)構(gou),龍(long)、麟(lin)、獅(shi)(shi)、象(xiang)(xiang)巨型(xing)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)雕(diao)高(gao)踞于坊座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)上(shang)(shang),拱衛著(zhu)(zhu)木(mu)(mu)(mu)構(gou)架(jia)的(de)(de)(de)牌(pai)樓。坊檐(yan)下密密層層地飾(shi)以(yi)精(jing)巧(qiao)玲(ling)瓏的(de)(de)(de)斗拱,這(zhe)些斗拱主要起(qi)裝飾(shi)作用,而不能全部承檐(yan)坊頂(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)重壓,古(gu)代(dai)建筑(zhu)設計(ji)師匠心獨運,巧(qiao)妙地在(zai)中間(jian)(jian)一(yi)楹(ying)坊座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)麒麟(lin)和石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)獅(shi)(shi)子上(shang)(shang)打主意,在(zai)麒麟(lin)和獅(shi)(shi)子的(de)(de)(de)額頭(tou)上(shang)(shang)各雕(diao)刻一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)跪姿的(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人,頭(tou)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)一(yi)朵石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)蓮,石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)蓮上(shang)(shang)安(an)裝一(yi)根(gen)雕(diao)龍(long)細圓木(mu)(mu)(mu)柱,四(si)個(ge)(ge)(ge)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人四(si)根(gen)木(mu)(mu)(mu)柱支(zhi)撐(cheng)起(qi)最(zui)高(gao)一(yi)層坊頂(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)四(si)個(ge)(ge)(ge)檐(yan)角,形成兩根(gen)主柱并(bing)列(lie)懸掛(gua)四(si)根(gen)吊(diao)腳輔(fu)柱的(de)(de)(de)架(jia)勢,仔(zi)細觀賞,騰(teng)挪自如。牌(pai)坊兩側各有磚雕(diao)龍(long)鳳壁畫(hua)一(yi)幅,其一(yi)為“二龍(long)戲珠”另一(yi)幅為“雙鳳朝陽”,亦甚精(jing)美。壁畫(hua)上(shang)(shang)用磚砌成斗拱樣(yang),覆(fu)以(yi)瓦頂(ding)(ding)(ding),與三(san)楹(ying)坊頂(ding)(ding)(ding)組合成疊羅漢式的(de)(de)(de)三(san)重檐(yan)歇山頂(ding)(ding)(ding),檐(yan)角飛翹,遠(yuan)觀如雁陣飛臨(lin)泮池之(zhi)上(shang)(shang),令(ling)人賞心悅目。“洙(zhu)(zhu)泗淵源”坊背面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)門楣上(shang)(shang)寫有“萬(wan)世宗師”四(si)字。坊后東(dong)西向又橫陳四(si)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)磚石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)底(di)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo),土木(mu)(mu)(mu)筑(zhu)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)牌(pai)坊,亦各高(gao)九米,分(fen)別題寫“德配天(tian)地”、“道冠(guan)古(gu)今”、“圣域由茲”、“賢關近仰(yang)”。正中方頂(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)輔(fu)柱亦有龍(long)雕(diao),造型(xing)與“洙(zhu)(zhu)泗淵源”坊相近,只是坊座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)上(shang)(shang)缺少獅(shi)(shi)象(xiang)(xiang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)雕(diao)。坊間(jian)(jian)空地上(shang)(shang)陳列(lie)著(zhu)(zhu)二十余(yu)塊石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)碑,記載著(zhu)(zhu)明(ming)(ming)清時期(qi)增修文廟(miao)的(de)(de)(de)經過,是研究古(gu)代(dai)邊疆文化教育(yu)的(de)(de)(de)珍貴史料。中軸線上(shang)(shang)原有杏壇,明(ming)(ming)天(tian)順(shun)間(jian)(jian)建,壇中豎石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)刻孔子統育(yu)圖,后地震坍毀,石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)刻像(xiang)移至大(da)成殿上(shang)(shang)。

其(qi)后為欞星門,三(san)開間(jian),雕梁畫棟(dong),瓦頂(ding),四根木柱穿脊(ji)而出,柱上(shang)有木刻(ke)飾物(wu),柱頂(ding)套(tao)有明代燒制的青花瓷罩,罩頂(ding)雕盤(pan)龍,龍首嘯(xiao)天。門后為園林,數株迎客松,競(jing)相婆娑,似(si)在(zai)向游人招手致意(yi)。園東(dong)原有魁星閣一座,已(yi)毀,現存(cun)名宦祠。園西有桂香(xiang)閣和鄉賢祠。桂香(xiang)閣曾是解(jie)放戰爭時(shi)期中國(guo)共產黨滇南地(di)下組(zu)織(zhi)負責人寓所(suo)在(zai)活動(dong)的舊址(zhi)。

再后(hou)為(wei)(wei)大(da)成(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men),亦(yi)三(san)(san)開(kai)間(jian),中(zhong)間(jian)為(wei)(wei)通道(dao),門(men)(men)上(shang)飾(shi)以鼓釘,門(men)(men)前石(shi)階(jie)正中(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)飛龍浮雕(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)幅。入內(nei)為(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)庭(ting)(ting)院,庭(ting)(ting)院后(hou)部(bu)(bu)丹墀上(shang)為(wei)(wei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)廟主體(ti)建筑大(da)成(cheng)(cheng)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。兩(liang)(liang)(liang)廂(xiang)為(wei)(wei)東(dong)(dong)廡、西廡,各有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)房舍十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)間(jian)。門(men)(men)、殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)廡組成(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)套方形建筑群(qun)體(ti),氣勢宏闊。大(da)成(cheng)(cheng)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)五(wu)開(kai)間(jian),琉璃(li)黃瓦(wa),歇山(shan)頂,由二十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)根(gen)高(gao)五(wu)米(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)巨(ju)柱(zhu)支撐,其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)二十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二根(gen)青(qing)(qing)石(shi)大(da)柱(zhu),全(quan)用(yong)整(zheng)(zheng)塊(kuai)石(shi)料鑿(zao)磨(mo)而成(cheng)(cheng)。撐持左右(you)前檐的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)根(gen)石(shi)柱(zhu),中(zhong)部(bu)(bu)鐫(juan)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)成(cheng)(cheng)龍騰祥云(yun)狀(zhuang),“石(shi)龍抱柱(zhu)”雕(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)工精巧,甚是珍奇。二十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二扇木(mu)(mu)屏門(men)(men)透(tou)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)出(chu)神采(cai)各異的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生物(wu)圖畫,當(dang)中(zhong)六扇為(wei)(wei)“六龍捧圣”圖,六條(tiao)立(li)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)龍在(zai)(zai)(zai)云(yun)水間(jian)騰挪翻飛,環(huan)衛著(zhu)(zhu)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)圣座(zuo)(zuo),象征(zheng)(zheng)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)說(shuo)和(he)思想在(zai)(zai)(zai)古(gu)(gu)代意識形態領域(yu)內(nei)至高(gao)無上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地位(wei)(wei)。兩(liang)(liang)(liang)旁的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)屏門(men)(men)上(shang)分別(bie)鐫(juan)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)出(chu)“雙獅(shi)分水”、“喜(xi)鵲鬧梅(mei)”、“犀牛望月(yue)”、“三(san)(san)羊開(kai)泰”、“麟吐玉書”、“封(蜂)侯(hou)(猴)掛(gua)印”、“旭日東(dong)(dong)升”、“竹報平(ping)(ping)安(an)”等(deng)畫面,共(gong)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)百多(duo)個(ge)大(da)小(xiao)動物(wu)形象,維妙(miao)維肖(xiao),栩(xu)栩(xu)如(ru)生,而且一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)個(ge)高(gao)度鏤空成(cheng)(cheng)立(li)體(ti)狀(zhuang)。其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)對小(xiao)松鼠(shu),呼之(zhi)欲出(chu),活靈(ling)活現(xian)(xian),體(ti)現(xian)(xian)古(gu)(gu)代木(mu)(mu)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)藝人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)超技術,為(wei)(wei)屏門(men)(men)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)珍品。門(men)(men)檻五(wu)道(dao)亦(yi)用(yong)整(zheng)(zheng)塊(kuai)紋石(shi)盤(pan)成(cheng)(cheng),其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)三(san)(san)道(dao)各長五(wu)米(mi)(mi)七,高(gao)寬各四(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)厘米(mi)(mi),石(shi)色灰(hui)白,中(zhong)含黑紋,細膩(ni)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)光(guang)(guang),無絲(si)毫(hao)裂痕,儼如(ru)油光(guang)(guang)漆成(cheng)(cheng),乍(zha)看不知(zhi)是整(zheng)(zheng)塊(kuai)巨(ju)石(shi)琢磨(mo)而成(cheng)(cheng)。大(da)成(cheng)(cheng)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)下懸(xuan)掛(gua)著(zhu)(zhu)“先師廟”三(san)(san)個(ge)鎏金大(da)字匾,筆力雄渾遒勁(jing),匾沿鑲(xiang)嵌著(zhu)(zhu)玲(ling)瓏(long)剔透(tou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)木(mu)(mu)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)龍鳳。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)懸(xuan)掛(gua)著(zhu)(zhu)摹(mo)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)清代歷朝皇帝贊孔(kong)(kong)(kong)尊(zun)(zun)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)“御題”貼金匾額(e)八塊(kuai),有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)康熙的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“萬世師表(biao)”,雍正的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“生民未(wei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)”,乾(qian)隆(long)(long)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“與天地參”,直到(dao)光(guang)(guang)緒的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“斯文(wen)(wen)(wen)在(zai)(zai)(zai)茲”。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)尊(zun)(zun)供奉孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)牌位(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圣龕,龕座(zuo)(zuo)亦(yi)為(wei)(wei)整(zheng)(zheng)塊(kuai)巨(ju)石(shi)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)成(cheng)(cheng),四(si)足朝內(nei)彎曲。座(zuo)(zuo)上(shang)置(zhi)精工鏤刻(ke)(ke)(ke)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)木(mu)(mu)閣一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)間(jian)。孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)牌位(wei)(wei)供在(zai)(zai)(zai)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)龍寶座(zuo)(zuo)上(shang)。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)前置(zhi)乾(qian)隆(long)(long)年間(jian)鑄造(zao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)銅香爐(lu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)尊(zun)(zun),高(gao)近三(san)(san)米(mi)(mi),四(si)足鑄成(cheng)(cheng)象頭,卷曲的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)象鼻支在(zai)(zai)(zai)蓮座(zuo)(zuo)上(shang),象征(zheng)(zheng)著(zhu)(zhu)這一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)帶(dai)古(gu)(gu)時曾是象的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)故鄉。香爐(lu)上(shang)部(bu)(bu)覆以樓臺,盤(pan)繞游龍十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余條(tiao)。又(you)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)石(shi)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)“孔(kong)(kong)(kong)圣弦頌圖”一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)塊(kuai),高(gao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)米(mi)(mi)五(wu),寬八十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)厘米(mi)(mi),孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)席地而座(zuo)(zuo)撫(fu)琴授課(ke),四(si)弟子(zi)肅(su)立(li)恭聽,為(wei)(wei)明(ming)代所(suo)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)。大(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)東(dong)(dong)西碑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)亭(ting),西碑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)亭(ting)立(li)滿漢文(wen)(wen)(wen)《御制平(ping)(ping)定回中(zhong)告太(tai)(tai)太(tai)(tai)學(xue)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)》,通高(gao)五(wu)米(mi)(mi),寬二米(mi)(mi),兩(liang)(liang)(liang)塊(kuai)石(shi)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)并列在(zai)(zai)(zai)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)座(zuo)(zuo)上(shang),一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)滿文(wen)(wen)(wen),一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)漢文(wen)(wen)(wen),兩(liang)(liang)(liang)塊(kuai)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)之(zhi)上(shang)鑲(xiang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)塊(kuai)完(wan)(wan)整(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)座(zuo)(zuo)上(shang),一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)漢文(wen)(wen)(wen),兩(liang)(liang)(liang)塊(kuai)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)之(zhi)上(shang)鑲(xiang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)塊(kuai)完(wan)(wan)整(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)頂,將(jiang)其(qi)(qi)聯為(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)體(ti),碑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)記載乾(qian)隆(long)(long)年間(jian)清軍平(ping)(ping)定新(xin)疆準噶爾反(fan)動貴(gui)州叛(pan)亂(luan),統一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)祖(zu)國(guo)(guo)版(ban)圖的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)史料,原(yuan)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)立(li)于北京(jing)文(wen)(wen)(wen)廟內(nei),臨安(an)知(zhi)府雙鼎摹(mo)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)于建水文(wen)(wen)(wen)廟。滿漢文(wen)(wen)(wen)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)全(quan)國(guo)(guo)罕有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)。東(dong)(dong)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)亭(ting)內(nei)立(li)用(yong)漢文(wen)(wen)(wen)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)寫(xie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)乾(qian)隆(long)(long)《平(ping)(ping)定青(qing)(qing)海告成(cheng)(cheng)太(tai)(tai)學(xue)記》。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)前庭(ting)(ting)院內(nei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)古(gu)(gu)樹(shu)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)株,古(gu)(gu)柏(bo)數株,相傳植于元時。又(you)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)山(shan)茶花兩(liang)(liang)(liang)株,蒼(cang)老遒勁(jing),仍繁(fan)花似錦。林蔭中(zhong)伏(fu)坐石(shi)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)白象兩(liang)(liang)(liang)頭,馱有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)米(mi)(mi)多(duo)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)青(qing)(qing)銅花瓶,瓶內(nei)植花木(mu)(mu)。庭(ting)(ting)院兩(liang)(liang)(liang)側有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)東(dong)(dong)西明(ming)倫堂,原(yuan)為(wei)(wei)臨安(an)府學(xue)和(he)建水縣(xian)學(xue)所(suo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)。西明(ming)倫堂前有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)高(gao)大(da)奇異的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)榕(rong)柏(bo)共(gong)生樹(shu),榕(rong)樹(shu)包柏(bo)樹(shu),連理同(tong)心,三(san)(san)人(ren)(ren)才能合抱。

大成(cheng)(cheng)殿(dian)(dian)后又陳列著(zhu)元(yuan)明清碑(bei)刻十余(yu)塊(kuai),其(qi)中(zhong)有(you)元(yuan)至大元(yuan)年武宗皇帝追封孔(kong)(kong)子(zi)為“大成(cheng)(cheng)至圣(sheng)(sheng)文(wen)(wen)宣王”的圣(sheng)(sheng)旨牌,為滇(dian)南現存最古老的碑(bei)刻。其(qi)后為崇圣(sheng)(sheng)殿(dian)(dian),是(shi)祈奉孔(kong)(kong)子(zi)父母的殿(dian)(dian)堂(tang),雕(diao)梁畫棟,與大成(cheng)(cheng)殿(dian)(dian)相呼應,蔚(yu)為壯觀,殿(dian)(dian)前石欄上刻有(you)杭(hang)州西湖二(er)十四景圖。殿(dian)(dian)東還有(you)倉圣(sheng)(sheng)祠(ci)(ci)、景賢祠(ci)(ci)。前祠(ci)(ci)奉祀傳說(shuo)中(zhong)的漢字創造者倉頡。后者為鄉人紀念明洪(hong)武年間被(bei)貶謫至此講學近十余(yu)年,與邊地文(wen)(wen)稿教有(you)功的文(wen)(wen)人學士王奎、韓宜可而建的祠(ci)(ci)堂(tang),也稱二(er)賢祠(ci)(ci)。

崇圣(sheng)殿后原有尊(zun)經部長,為滇南最(zui)古老的藏書樓(lou),已毀,唯剩古柏百余株(zhu)。

地圖坐標
本百科詞條由網站注(zhu)冊用戶【 給生(sheng)活一把(ba)琴 】編輯上傳提(ti)供(gong),詞條(tiao)屬(shu)于開(kai)放詞條(tiao),當前頁(ye)(ye)面(mian)所(suo)展示的(de)(de)(de)詞條(tiao)介紹涉及宣傳內(nei)(nei)容(rong)屬(shu)于注冊(ce)用(yong)戶(hu)個人(ren)(ren)編輯行為(wei),與【建水文廟】的(de)(de)(de)所(suo)屬(shu)企業/所(suo)有人(ren)(ren)/主體無關,網(wang)站不完(wan)全保證內(nei)(nei)容(rong)信(xin)息(xi)的(de)(de)(de)準(zhun)確(que)性(xing)、真(zhen)實(shi)性(xing),也不代表本站立(li)場,各項數(shu)據(ju)信(xin)息(xi)存在更(geng)(geng)新不及時的(de)(de)(de)情況,僅供(gong)參考,請以官方(fang)發布為(wei)準(zhun)。如(ru)果(guo)頁(ye)(ye)面(mian)內(nei)(nei)容(rong)與實(shi)際情況不符,可點(dian)擊“反饋”在線向網(wang)站提(ti)出修改(gai),網(wang)站將核(he)實(shi)后進行更(geng)(geng)正。 反饋
發表評論
您還未登錄,依《網絡安全法》相關要求,請您登錄賬戶后再提交發布信息。點擊登錄>>如您還未注冊,可,感謝您的理解及支持!
最(zui)新評(ping)論
暫無評論
網站提醒和聲明
本站(zhan)為注冊(ce)用戶提供(gong)信(xin)息存儲空(kong)間服務(wu),非(fei)“MAIGOO編(bian)輯上傳提供(gong)”的文章/文字均是注冊(ce)用戶自主發(fa)布(bu)上傳,不代表本站(zhan)觀點(dian),版(ban)權歸原作者所有(you),如有(you)侵權、虛假信(xin)息、錯誤(wu)信(xin)息或任何問題(ti),請及時聯系(xi)我們,我們將在第一時間刪(shan)除或更正。 申請刪除>> 糾錯>> 投訴侵權>> 網(wang)頁上相關(guan)信息(xi)(xi)的知識產權(quan)(quan)歸網(wang)站方所有(包(bao)括(kuo)但不(bu)限于文字(zi)、圖片、圖表、著作權(quan)(quan)、商標(biao)權(quan)(quan)、為用(yong)戶(hu)提供的商業信息(xi)(xi)等),非(fei)經許可(ke)不(bu)得抄襲或使用(yong)。
提交(jiao)說明: 查看提交幫助>> 注冊登錄>>
頁面相關分類
熱門模塊
已有4082927個品牌入駐 更新521236個招商信息 已發布1607255個代理需求 已有1389862條品牌點贊