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建水文廟
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票數:0 #文廟#
云南建水文廟始建于元朝至元二十二年(1285年),至今已有700多年的歷史。經歷代50多次擴建增修,占地面積已達到7.6萬平方米,其現存規模、建筑水平和保存完好程度,都僅次于山東曲阜孔廟和北京孔廟,在全國大型文廟中名列前茅。云南建水文廟依照曲阜孔廟的風格規制制造,采用南北中軸線對稱的宮殿式,東西兩側對稱布置多個單體建筑。主要建筑包括:一池、一殿、一閣、二廡、三堂、三亭、五門、六祠、八坊等共37個。
  • 所在地/隸屬: 云南省紅河(he)哈尼族(zu)彝族(zu)自治州建(jian)水(shui)縣(xian)
  • 開放時間: 8:00~18:00
  • 建議游玩時間: 2小時
  • 旅游景區級別: 4A
  • 文物保護單位: 國家第(di)五批(元、明、清)
介紹(shao)攻(gong)略

簡介

建(jian)(jian)(jian)水(shui)文廟(miao)位于云南省(sheng)紅河哈尼族(zu)彝族(zu)自治(zhi)州(zhou)西(xi)北部的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)水(shui)縣城內,是一(yi)(yi)座全國屈指可數的(de)(de)(de)大型文廟(miao),始建(jian)(jian)(jian)于公元二十二年(1285年),是云南省(sheng)繼中慶(昆明)、大理之后,最早創建(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)第三(san)座廟(miao)宇。后經(jing)(jing)明、清兩代擴建(jian)(jian)(jian),占地達114畝(mu),總體(ti)布(bu)局采用中軸對稱(cheng)宮(gong)殿式(shi),仿(fang)照(zhao)曲阜孔廟(miao)的(de)(de)(de)格(ge)局建(jian)(jian)(jian)造(zao),有(you)1殿、2廡(wu)、2堂、2閣(ge)、5祠、8坊,是一(yi)(yi)組規模宏大的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑群。步(bu)(bu)入大門為肅穆的(de)(de)(de)"太和(he)元氣"坊,迎面為20余畝(mu)的(de)(de)(de)"學(xue)海"(泮池),塘內碧波蕩漾(yang),四周(zhou)柳絲輕拂,池中建(jian)(jian)(jian)有(you)思樂亭,左、右有(you)"禮門"和(he)"義路"。步(bu)(bu)人(ren)欞星門.有(you)大成(cheng)門、東西(xi)廡(wu)、大成(cheng)殿、祟圣詞、明倫堂、尊經(jing)(jing)閣(ge)等建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑。

大(da)成殿(dian)建于明弘治年間,28棵柱支撐全(quan)殿(dian)。前檐12棵為石拄,每棵高5米,重達(da)5000公斤,用整(zheng)塊大(da)青石雕(diao)成。大(da)門左右2棵檐柱雕(diao)巨龍(long)(long)盤(pan)繞,稱為"石龍(long)(long)抱柱"。正面22扇格子(zi)門所雕(diao)飛禽走獸,形態各異.玻璃(li)瓦的屋頂,光彩奪(duo)目。廟宇周(zhou)圍古(gu)柏森森,顯得莊嚴肅穆,雄偉壯觀,有"金碧壯麗甲(jia)全(quan)滇"之美譽,其規模僅次于山東,曲阜孔廟,為云南(nan)省(sheng)重點文物保(bao)護單位。

民國(guo)時期編(bian)修(xiu)的《機關報纂云南通志》記載(zai):建水文(wen)廟(miao),是規模僅次于山東曲阜的文(wen)廟(miao)。

景區特色

整個廟宇,一片翠綠,古木(mu)蕭森,莊嚴肅穆。松、柏、竹(zhu)、柳,千姿百態,各種花卉爭妍斗艷,四(si)時飄香。庭西(xi)有(you)兩株共生樹(shu),一(yi)(yi)為(wei)柏樹(shu),一(yi)(yi)為(wei)榕樹(shu)。數百年(nian)的風風雨(yu)雨(yu),它們(men)已經(jing)(jing)緊緊纏在(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)起(qi)。有(you)人(ren)戲(xi)稱為(wei)“萬(wan)將軍抱白小姐”。 建(jian)水城,為(wei)舊臨安(an)府所在(zai)(zai)地(di),元(yuan)、明、清三代曾(ceng)是滇(dian)南(nan)的政(zheng)治、經(jing)(jing)濟和(he)文(wen)(wen)化的中心,加(jia)上文(wen)(wen)廟(miao)(miao)規模宏大,建(jian)筑(zhu)精巧,素有(you)“滇(dian)南(nan)鄒(zou)魯”之稱。早年(nian),當(dang)地(di)利用文(wen)(wen)廟(miao)(miao)建(jian)立了(le)臨安(an)中學。現改為(wei)建(jian)水第一(yi)(yi)中學,并在(zai)(zai)文(wen)(wen)廟(miao)(miao)側新(xin)建(jian)了(le)許多教學樓(lou)。昔(xi)日(ri)孔廟(miao)(miao)圣地(di),如今(jin)成了(le)青(qing)少年(nian)學習之所。由于(yu)政(zheng)府和(he)學校(xiao)注(zhu)意保(bao)存古跡,至今(jin)文(wen)(wen)廟(miao)(miao)仍很完整。

繞至泮池(chi)后的(de)唇(chun)臺上(shang),只見栩(xu)栩(xu)如(ru)生的(de)龍、虎(hu)、麟、獅、象巨(ju)石雕高距(ju)于坊座上(shang),拱衛著木構架的(de)牌樓。四周(zhou)的(de)壁(bi)畫上(shang)方,用磚砌成(cheng)斗拱樣(yang),覆以碧(bi)瓦,與三楹坊頂合(he)成(cheng)疊羅漢式的(de)三重檐歇山頂,檐牙(ya)高啄,碧(bi)瓦飛翹,與“太和元氣”坊及“禮(li)門(men)”、“義(yi)路”坊齊觀,如(ru)數重大雁飛臨泮池(chi)之上(shang)。這種(zhong)建筑風(feng)格,凸(tu)現(xian)了(le)儒家思想兩個固有的(de)屬性(xing):一方面(mian)具(ju)有廣泛(fan)信仰層面(mian)上(shang)的(de)情感需求,另(ling)一方面(mian)存在著相當豐富的(de)理論(lun)思維(wei)內容。

文(wen)廟(miao)最(zui)吸引人的去(qu)處無疑是(shi)大成殿(dian)。它是(shi)文(wen)廟(miao)的主(zhu)體建筑,一字(zi)(zi)排開的五間殿(dian)堂,正堂內置龍寶座(zuo),供(gong)奉(feng)著(zhu)(zhu)孔子(zi)塑像(xiang)(xiang)。殿(dian)堂單(dan)檐九(jiu)脊歇山頂,琉璃黃瓦,翹角飛甍,巍巍宏麗(li),氣象(xiang)莊嚴。這里(li)有(you)很多的字(zi)(zi)匾和塑像(xiang)(xiang),字(zi)(zi)大多是(shi)歷代皇帝所(suo)(suo)題(ti),像(xiang)(xiang)都(dou)是(shi)對弘(hong)揚儒家文(wen)化作出貢獻的名(ming)人。大殿(dian)檐下(xia)懸掛著(zhu)(zhu)“先師廟(miao)”三個鎏金大字(zi)(zi)匾,筆(bi)力雄渾遒(qiu)勁,匾沿(yan)鑲嵌著(zhu)(zhu)玲瓏剔透(tou)的木雕龍鳳(feng)。東(dong)西廂房是(shi)祀奉(feng)先儒的場(chang)所(suo)(suo),先賢79人、先儒75人依次(ci)供(gong)奉(feng)于內。

建筑

文(wen)廟座北朝南,基本按照山東(dong)曲阜孔廟布局建造,原有一(yi)池(泮(pan)池),一(yi)壇(杏(xing)壇),一(yi)圃(射(she)(she)圃),二殿(dian)(大(da)成殿(dian)、崇圣殿(dian))、二廡(東(dong)廡、西(xi)(xi)廡)、二堂(東(dong)明(ming)倫堂、西(xi)(xi)明(ming)倫堂)、三部(bu)長(尊(zun)經(jing)閣(ge)(ge)、文(wen)星閣(ge)(ge)、柱(zhu)香(xiang)閣(ge)(ge))、四門(men)(欞星門(men)、大(da)成門(men)、金聲門(men)、玉振(zhen)門(men))、五亭(ting)(ting)(敬一(yi)亭(ting)(ting)、思(si)樂(le)亭(ting)(ting)、齋(zhai)宿(su)亭(ting)(ting)、東(dong)碑(bei)亭(ting)(ting)、西(xi)(xi)碑(bei)亭(ting)(ting))、六(liu)祠(寄賢(xian)祠、倉圣祠、名(ming)宦祠、鄉(xiang)賢(xian)祠、節教祠、忠義孝悌祠)、八坊(fang)(fang)(太和元氣(qi)坊(fang)(fang)、洙泗淵源坊(fang)(fang)、禮(li)門(men)坊(fang)(fang)、義路(lu)坊(fang)(fang)、道冠古今坊(fang)(fang)、德配天(tian)地坊(fang)(fang)、圣域由茲(zi)坊(fang)(fang)、賢(xian)關(guan)近仰坊(fang)(fang))。碑(bei)文(wen)記載:此廟“殿(dian)堂門(men)廡,圣賢(xian)肖像(xiang),刻雕藻(zao)繪,金碧輝煌”,“遂成一(yi)觀焉。”數百年來,不斷維(wei)修,后來除杏(xing)壇、射(she)(she)圃、尊(zun)經(jing)閣(ge)(ge)、文(wen)星閣(ge)(ge)、敬一(yi)亭(ting)(ting)和齊宿(su)亭(ting)(ting)不存外(wai),其他建筑仍然(ran)完好如初。

大門(men)太和元(yuan)氣坊(fang)(fang)三楹,中(zhong)間(jian)一(yi)楹高(gao)約九米,石(shi)(shi)木結構(gou),坊(fang)(fang)座上有(you)(you)(you)石(shi)(shi)雕(diao)獅、象、麒麟和龍。頂(ding)部斗(dou)拱密集,與兩(liang)側的(de)花磚(zhuan)短(duan)墻組成(cheng)五檁(lin)三重檐(yan)牌樓(lou)頂(ding),甚(shen)為(wei)(wei)美觀。當中(zhong)兩(liang)扇大門(men)飾(shi)以(yi)鼓釘,門(men)前(qian)(qian)置石(shi)(shi)鼓一(yi)對。坊(fang)(fang)后為(wei)(wei)泮池(chi),俗(su)稱學(xue)(xue)海,明成(cheng)化(hua)年(nian)間(jian)按古學(xue)(xue)宮之(zhi)(zhi)制開挖,弘治年(nian)間(jian)拓寬(kuan)為(wei)(wei)橢圓形,水面(mian)即達四十(shi)余畝。池(chi)中(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)小(xiao)島,有(you)(you)(you)堤和橋(qiao)相通。島上建鰲亭,也稱思樂亭,取(qu)“書山(shan)有(you)(you)(you)路(lu)勤為(wei)(wei)徑,學(xue)(xue)海無涯苦(ku)作舟”之(zhi)(zhi)意,以(yi)勉勵生員奮(fen)發學(xue)(xue)習(xi),他日(ri)(ri)功名成(cheng)就,猶如(ru)釣得海中(zhong)大鰲。東西兩(liang)岸(an)有(you)(you)(you)路(lu)和紅(hong)(hong)墻相圍(wei),路(lu)旁有(you)(you)(you)林蔭花木。池(chi)后筑有(you)(you)(you)半(ban)月形臺唇(chun),臺前(qian)(qian)圍(wei)以(yi)白(bai)石(shi)(shi)欄桿(gan)。左(zuo)右有(you)(you)(you)“禮門(men)”、“義路(lu)”石(shi)(shi)牌坊(fang)(fang),坊(fang)(fang)前(qian)(qian)各(ge)立“官員兵民人(ren)等于此下(xia)馬”碑(bei)一(yi)塊(kuai),坊(fang)(fang)側面(mian)紅(hong)(hong)墻上鑲(xiang)嵌“鳶飛魚躍”石(shi)(shi)刻大字四塊(kuai),各(ge)高(gao)一(yi)米。南面(mian)煥文山(shan)倒影(ying)映(ying)池(chi)中(zhong),山(shan)光水色,與藍(lan)天(tian)白(bai)云綠樹相映(ying)襯,分外宜(yi)人(ren)。舊志記(ji)載:泮池(chi)“澄泓如(ru)鏡,上面(mian)石(shi)(shi)臺肪截,宮墻萬(wan)仞,金碧交輝(hui),宏(hong)整巨(ju)麗冠迤東西”“煥山(shan)倒影(ying)”或(huo)“學(xue)(xue)海文瀾”,為(wei)(wei)建水古十(shi)景之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)。昔時每(mei)逢農(nong)歷六月二(er)十(shi)四日(ri)(ri)火(huo)(huo)把節夜,彝(yi)族和漢(han)族百姓(xing)在煥文山(shan)上點燃火(huo)(huo)把,巡行(xing)在同(tong)山(shan)梯田(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian),以(yi)祈(qi)年(nian)照歲,企盼(pan)五谷豐登。紅(hong)(hong)色的(de)火(huo)(huo)苗星(xing)星(xing)點點映(ying)入泮池(chi)之(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong),與天(tian)上的(de)繁星(xing)交相輝(hui)映(ying),相傳所(suo)見星(xing)點越多,預兆來年(nian)開科取(qu)士中(zhong)榜(bang)者(zhe)亦(yi)多。清代滇南著名文人(ren)張(zhang)漢(han)《學(xue)(xue)海觀炬(ju)》靈詩云:“煥文峰影(ying)泮池(chi)中(zhong),幾點遙窺(kui)野(ye)炬(ju)紅(hong)(hong)。陸地(di)已(yi)成(cheng)星(xing)宿海,靈槎欲貫斗(dou)牛宮……待得今(jin)夕見,科名有(you)(you)(you)婁信(xin)先通。”如(ru)此情趣,全國(guo)文廟中(zhong)絕無僅(jin)有(you)(you)(you)。

從(cong)泮池后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)臺唇(chun)登上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)數級石(shi)階,有(you)“洙(zhu)泗淵(yuan)源”坊(fang)(fang)三(san)楹(ying),高(gao)九米,木(mu)(mu)石(shi)結構,龍(long)(long)、麟、獅、象(xiang)巨(ju)型石(shi)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)高(gao)踞于坊(fang)(fang)座(zuo)(zuo)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang),拱(gong)衛著木(mu)(mu)構架的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)牌(pai)(pai)樓。坊(fang)(fang)檐(yan)下密密層(ceng)(ceng)層(ceng)(ceng)地飾以精(jing)巧(qiao)玲瓏的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)斗拱(gong),這些斗拱(gong)主(zhu)要起(qi)裝(zhuang)飾作(zuo)用(yong),而(er)不能全部承檐(yan)坊(fang)(fang)頂的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重壓,古代建(jian)(jian)筑設計師匠心(xin)獨(du)運,巧(qiao)妙地在中(zhong)間(jian)一(yi)楹(ying)坊(fang)(fang)座(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)麒麟和(he)石(shi)獅子(zi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)打主(zhu)意,在麒麟和(he)獅子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)額(e)頭上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)各雕(diao)(diao)(diao)刻一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)跪姿的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)人,頭頂一(yi)朵(duo)石(shi)蓮,石(shi)蓮上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)安裝(zhuang)一(yi)根(gen)(gen)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)龍(long)(long)細(xi)圓(yuan)木(mu)(mu)柱(zhu),四(si)(si)個(ge)(ge)(ge)石(shi)人四(si)(si)根(gen)(gen)木(mu)(mu)柱(zhu)支撐起(qi)最高(gao)一(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)坊(fang)(fang)頂的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)四(si)(si)個(ge)(ge)(ge)檐(yan)角(jiao),形成(cheng)兩根(gen)(gen)主(zhu)柱(zhu)并列(lie)懸掛四(si)(si)根(gen)(gen)吊腳輔(fu)柱(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)架勢,仔細(xi)觀賞,騰挪自如(ru)。牌(pai)(pai)坊(fang)(fang)兩側各有(you)磚(zhuan)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)龍(long)(long)鳳(feng)壁畫一(yi)幅,其(qi)一(yi)為“二龍(long)(long)戲珠(zhu)”另一(yi)幅為“雙鳳(feng)朝陽(yang)”,亦甚精(jing)美。壁畫上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)用(yong)磚(zhuan)砌成(cheng)斗拱(gong)樣(yang),覆以瓦頂,與三(san)楹(ying)坊(fang)(fang)頂組合成(cheng)疊羅漢式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三(san)重檐(yan)歇(xie)山頂,檐(yan)角(jiao)飛(fei)翹(qiao),遠觀如(ru)雁陣飛(fei)臨泮池之上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang),令(ling)人賞心(xin)悅(yue)目。“洙(zhu)泗淵(yuan)源”坊(fang)(fang)背面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)門楣上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)寫(xie)有(you)“萬世宗師”四(si)(si)字(zi)。坊(fang)(fang)后東西向(xiang)又橫(heng)陳四(si)(si)座(zuo)(zuo)磚(zhuan)石(shi)底(di)座(zuo)(zuo),土木(mu)(mu)筑頂的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)牌(pai)(pai)坊(fang)(fang),亦各高(gao)九米,分別題寫(xie)“德配天(tian)地”、“道冠(guan)古今”、“圣(sheng)域由茲”、“賢關近仰(yang)”。正中(zhong)方頂的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)輔(fu)柱(zhu)亦有(you)龍(long)(long)雕(diao)(diao)(diao),造型與“洙(zhu)泗淵(yuan)源”坊(fang)(fang)相近,只是(shi)坊(fang)(fang)座(zuo)(zuo)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)缺少獅象(xiang)石(shi)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)。坊(fang)(fang)間(jian)空地上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)陳列(lie)著二十(shi)余塊石(shi)碑,記(ji)載著明清(qing)時期增(zeng)修文廟(miao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經過,是(shi)研(yan)究古代邊疆文化教育的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)珍貴史(shi)料。中(zhong)軸線上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)原(yuan)有(you)杏壇,明天(tian)順(shun)間(jian)建(jian)(jian),壇中(zhong)豎石(shi)刻孔子(zi)統育圖(tu),后地震坍毀(hui),石(shi)刻像(xiang)移至大成(cheng)殿(dian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)。

其后為欞星(xing)門,三開間,雕(diao)梁畫(hua)棟(dong),瓦頂(ding),四(si)根木柱(zhu)(zhu)穿脊而出,柱(zhu)(zhu)上有木刻(ke)飾物(wu),柱(zhu)(zhu)頂(ding)套有明代燒制的(de)青(qing)花瓷罩,罩頂(ding)雕(diao)盤(pan)龍,龍首嘯(xiao)天。門后為園林,數株迎客松,競相婆娑(suo),似在向游人招手(shou)致意。園東(dong)原有魁(kui)星(xing)閣一(yi)座,已(yi)毀,現存名宦祠。園西有桂香閣和鄉賢祠。桂香閣曾是解放戰爭時期中(zhong)國共產黨滇南(nan)地下組(zu)織負責人寓所在活動的(de)舊址。

再后(hou)為(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men),亦(yi)三(san)開(kai)間(jian)(jian)(jian),中(zhong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)為(wei)(wei)通(tong)(tong)道,門(men)(men)上(shang)(shang)(shang)飾(shi)以(yi)鼓釘,門(men)(men)前(qian)(qian)石(shi)(shi)(shi)階正中(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)飛龍浮雕(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)幅。入內(nei)(nei)為(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)庭(ting)院(yuan),庭(ting)院(yuan)后(hou)部(bu)(bu)丹墀上(shang)(shang)(shang)為(wei)(wei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)廟主體建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)大(da)(da)(da)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)。兩(liang)廂為(wei)(wei)東(dong)(dong)廡(wu)(wu)、西(xi)(xi)(xi)廡(wu)(wu),各有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)房(fang)舍十五間(jian)(jian)(jian)。門(men)(men)、殿(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)兩(liang)廡(wu)(wu)組成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)套方形建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)群體,氣勢宏闊。大(da)(da)(da)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)五開(kai)間(jian)(jian)(jian),琉璃黃(huang)瓦,歇山(shan)頂(ding),由二十根(gen)高(gao)(gao)五米(mi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)巨柱支撐,其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)二十二根(gen)青石(shi)(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)柱,全用整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)塊(kuai)石(shi)(shi)(shi)料鑿磨而(er)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。撐持(chi)左右前(qian)(qian)檐的(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)根(gen)石(shi)(shi)(shi)柱,中(zhong)部(bu)(bu)鐫刻(ke)(ke)(ke)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)龍騰祥(xiang)云狀,“石(shi)(shi)(shi)龍抱柱”雕(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)工精巧,甚是珍奇(qi)。二十二扇木屏門(men)(men)透(tou)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)出(chu)神采各異的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物圖(tu)(tu)(tu)畫(hua),當中(zhong)六(liu)(liu)(liu)扇為(wei)(wei)“六(liu)(liu)(liu)龍捧圣”圖(tu)(tu)(tu),六(liu)(liu)(liu)條立(li)(li)體的(de)(de)(de)(de)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)龍在(zai)(zai)(zai)云水(shui)(shui)(shui)間(jian)(jian)(jian)騰挪(nuo)翻飛,環衛著(zhu)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)孔子(zi)圣座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo),象(xiang)征孔子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)說和(he)思想在(zai)(zai)(zai)古(gu)(gu)代(dai)(dai)意識形態領域(yu)內(nei)(nei)至高(gao)(gao)無上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)位(wei)。兩(liang)旁(pang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)屏門(men)(men)上(shang)(shang)(shang)分(fen)別(bie)鐫刻(ke)(ke)(ke)出(chu)“雙獅分(fen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)”、“喜鵲鬧(nao)梅(mei)”、“犀牛望月”、“三(san)羊開(kai)泰”、“麟(lin)吐(tu)玉書”、“封(蜂)侯(hou)(猴)掛(gua)印”、“旭(xu)日東(dong)(dong)升”、“竹報平(ping)安(an)”等(deng)畫(hua)面,共(gong)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)百多個(ge)大(da)(da)(da)小動物形象(xiang),維(wei)(wei)妙維(wei)(wei)肖,栩栩如生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),而(er)且一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)個(ge)高(gao)(gao)度鏤(lou)空成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)立(li)(li)體狀。其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)對小松鼠,呼(hu)之欲出(chu),活靈活現,體現古(gu)(gu)代(dai)(dai)木雕(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)藝人的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)超技(ji)術,為(wei)(wei)屏門(men)(men)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)珍品。門(men)(men)檻五道亦(yi)用整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)塊(kuai)紋石(shi)(shi)(shi)盤成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)三(san)道各長五米(mi)七(qi),高(gao)(gao)寬各四(si)十厘米(mi),石(shi)(shi)(shi)色灰白(bai),中(zhong)含黑紋,細膩有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)光(guang),無絲(si)毫裂痕,儼如油(you)光(guang)漆成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),乍看(kan)不知是整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)塊(kuai)巨石(shi)(shi)(shi)琢磨而(er)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。大(da)(da)(da)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)下(xia)懸掛(gua)著(zhu)“先師廟”三(san)個(ge)鎏金(jin)大(da)(da)(da)字匾(bian),筆力(li)雄渾遒勁,匾(bian)沿(yan)鑲(xiang)嵌著(zhu)玲(ling)瓏剔透(tou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)木雕(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)龍鳳。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)(nei)懸掛(gua)著(zhu)摹(mo)(mo)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)的(de)(de)(de)(de)清代(dai)(dai)歷朝(chao)皇帝贊孔尊(zun)孔“御(yu)題”貼金(jin)匾(bian)額八塊(kuai),有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)康熙的(de)(de)(de)(de)“萬世師表”,雍正的(de)(de)(de)(de)“生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)民未有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)”,乾(qian)隆(long)的(de)(de)(de)(de)“與天地(di)參”,直到光(guang)緒(xu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)“斯文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)在(zai)(zai)(zai)茲(zi)”。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)(nei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)尊(zun)供(gong)奉孔子(zi)牌(pai)位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)圣龕,龕座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)亦(yi)為(wei)(wei)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)塊(kuai)巨石(shi)(shi)(shi)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),四(si)足朝(chao)內(nei)(nei)彎曲(qu)。座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)上(shang)(shang)(shang)置(zhi)精工鏤(lou)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)的(de)(de)(de)(de)木閣(ge)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)。孔子(zi)牌(pai)位(wei)供(gong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)龍寶座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)上(shang)(shang)(shang)。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)前(qian)(qian)置(zhi)乾(qian)隆(long)年間(jian)(jian)(jian)鑄(zhu)造(zao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)銅香(xiang)爐(lu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)尊(zun),高(gao)(gao)近三(san)米(mi),四(si)足鑄(zhu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)象(xiang)頭,卷(juan)曲(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)象(xiang)鼻支在(zai)(zai)(zai)蓮座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)上(shang)(shang)(shang),象(xiang)征著(zhu)這一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)帶古(gu)(gu)時曾是象(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)故鄉。香(xiang)爐(lu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)部(bu)(bu)覆以(yi)樓(lou)臺,盤繞(rao)游龍十余條。又(you)(you)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)石(shi)(shi)(shi)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)“孔圣弦(xian)頌圖(tu)(tu)(tu)”一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)塊(kuai),高(gao)(gao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)米(mi)五,寬八十厘米(mi),孔子(zi)席地(di)而(er)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)撫琴授課,四(si)弟子(zi)肅立(li)(li)恭聽,為(wei)(wei)明(ming)(ming)代(dai)(dai)所刻(ke)(ke)(ke)。大(da)(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)兩(liang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)東(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)(xi)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)亭(ting),西(xi)(xi)(xi)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)亭(ting)立(li)(li)滿(man)漢(han)(han)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)《御(yu)制平(ping)定(ding)(ding)回(hui)中(zhong)告太(tai)太(tai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)》,通(tong)(tong)高(gao)(gao)五米(mi),寬二米(mi),兩(liang)塊(kuai)石(shi)(shi)(shi)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)并列在(zai)(zai)(zai)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)上(shang)(shang)(shang),一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)滿(man)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen),一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)漢(han)(han)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen),兩(liang)塊(kuai)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)之上(shang)(shang)(shang)鑲(xiang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)塊(kuai)完整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)上(shang)(shang)(shang),一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)漢(han)(han)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen),兩(liang)塊(kuai)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)之上(shang)(shang)(shang)鑲(xiang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)塊(kuai)完整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)頂(ding),將其(qi)(qi)聯為(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)體,碑(bei)(bei)(bei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)記載乾(qian)隆(long)年間(jian)(jian)(jian)清軍平(ping)定(ding)(ding)新疆準噶(ga)爾(er)反動貴州叛亂(luan),統一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)祖國版圖(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)史料,原(yuan)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)立(li)(li)于北京(jing)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)廟內(nei)(nei),臨安(an)知府雙鼎摹(mo)(mo)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)于建(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)廟。滿(man)漢(han)(han)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)全國罕有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)。東(dong)(dong)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)亭(ting)內(nei)(nei)立(li)(li)用漢(han)(han)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)寫的(de)(de)(de)(de)乾(qian)隆(long)《平(ping)定(ding)(ding)青海告成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)太(tai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)記》。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)前(qian)(qian)庭(ting)院(yuan)內(nei)(nei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)古(gu)(gu)樹兩(liang)株,古(gu)(gu)柏(bo)數株,相(xiang)傳植于元(yuan)時。又(you)(you)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)山(shan)茶花兩(liang)株,蒼老遒勁,仍(reng)繁(fan)花似錦(jin)。林蔭中(zhong)伏坐石(shi)(shi)(shi)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)白(bai)象(xiang)兩(liang)頭,馱有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)米(mi)多高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)青銅花瓶(ping),瓶(ping)內(nei)(nei)植花木。庭(ting)院(yuan)兩(liang)側有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)東(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)(xi)明(ming)(ming)倫堂,原(yuan)為(wei)(wei)臨安(an)府學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)和(he)建(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)縣(xian)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)所在(zai)(zai)(zai)。西(xi)(xi)(xi)明(ming)(ming)倫堂前(qian)(qian)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)高(gao)(gao)大(da)(da)(da)奇(qi)異的(de)(de)(de)(de)榕(rong)柏(bo)共(gong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)樹,榕(rong)樹包柏(bo)樹,連理(li)同心,三(san)人才能合抱。

大(da)成(cheng)(cheng)殿(dian)后(hou)又陳列著元明(ming)(ming)清碑(bei)刻十(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)塊(kuai),其(qi)中有(you)元至大(da)元年(nian)武(wu)宗(zong)皇帝追封孔(kong)子為“大(da)成(cheng)(cheng)至圣(sheng)文宣王”的(de)(de)(de)圣(sheng)旨牌(pai),為滇南現(xian)存最古老的(de)(de)(de)碑(bei)刻。其(qi)后(hou)為崇圣(sheng)殿(dian),是祈奉(feng)孔(kong)子父母的(de)(de)(de)殿(dian)堂,雕梁畫棟(dong),與(yu)大(da)成(cheng)(cheng)殿(dian)相呼應,蔚為壯觀,殿(dian)前石欄上刻有(you)杭(hang)州西湖二十(shi)(shi)四(si)景(jing)圖(tu)。殿(dian)東還有(you)倉圣(sheng)祠、景(jing)賢祠。前祠奉(feng)祀(si)傳說(shuo)中的(de)(de)(de)漢字創(chuang)造(zao)者(zhe)倉頡。后(hou)者(zhe)為鄉人紀念明(ming)(ming)洪(hong)武(wu)年(nian)間被貶(bian)謫至此講學(xue)近十(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)年(nian),與(yu)邊(bian)地文稿教有(you)功的(de)(de)(de)文人學(xue)士王奎、韓宜可而建(jian)的(de)(de)(de)祠堂,也稱(cheng)二賢祠。

崇圣殿后原有(you)尊(zun)經部長,為滇(dian)南(nan)最古老的(de)藏書樓,已毀,唯剩古柏(bo)百余株。

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