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簡介

據民國《鄭縣志》記載，明弘治十四年(1501)知(zhi)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)石純粹(cui)，嘉靖六(liu)年(1527)知(zhi)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)劉汝，隆慶(qing)四年(1570)知(zhi)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)李時選(xuan)均曾重修。清康(kang)熙三十年(1691)知(zhi)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)陳一魁、五十三年(1714)知(zhi)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)張，乾隆五年(1740)知(zhi)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)張鉞，光(guang)緒(xu)十六(liu)年(1890)知(zhi)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)吳榮棨亦重修。

此(ci)廟(miao)坐北(bei)朝南，原占地面(mian)積(ji)約(yue)10畝。由大(da)門(men)(men)、過(guo)庭(ting)、戲(xi)樓(lou)(lou)、大(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、后(hou)(hou)寢(qin)(qin)宮和(he)東、西廊(lang)房組成。大(da)門(men)(men)面(mian)闊3間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，進(jin)深2間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，懸(xuan)山(shan)(shan)式(shi)(shi)建筑，綠(lv)色(se)(se)琉(liu)璃(li)瓦頂，檐(yan)(yan)(yan)下(xia)(xia)(xia)施三昂(ang)七踩(cai)斗(dou)(dou)拱(gong)，三幅云昂(ang)嘴，耍頭呈象鼻(bi)狀(zhuang)。斗(dou)(dou)拱(gong)后(hou)(hou)尾(wei)均(jun)平(ping)插(cha)垂(chui)(chui)(chui)蓮(lian)柱(zhu)，垂(chui)(chui)(chui)蓮(lian)柱(zhu)上(shang)(shang)金枋相(xiang)連(lian)，而柱(zhu)的(de)上(shang)(shang)端(duan)(duan)，直承(cheng)上(shang)(shang)金檁。明(ming)(ming)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)后(hou)(hou)立(li)4根石(shi)(shi)柱(zhu)，周圍用(yong)(yong)木(mu)柱(zhu)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)為(wei)木(mu)制通(tong)柱(zhu)，平(ping)面(mian)均(jun)呈小(xiao)八(ba)角形(xing)(xing)。實榻大(da)門(men)(men)3合，分別裝在通(tong)柱(zhu)上(shang)(shang)。門(men)(men)前(qian)(qian)(qian)砌(qi)6級扇(shan)面(mian)形(xing)(xing)垂(chui)(chui)(chui)帶式(shi)(shi)踏跺，左(zuo)右立(li)1對石(shi)(shi)獅子(zi)。過(guo)庭(ting)距大(da)門(men)(men)10余米(mi)(mi)，面(mian)闊3間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，進(jin)深2間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，硬山(shan)(shan)式(shi)(shi)建筑。灰筒瓦頂，正脊(ji)兩(liang)端(duan)(duan)置大(da)吻(wen)(wen)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)部飾(shi)二龍(long)戲(xi)珠(zhu)和(he)寶(bao)瓶，下(xia)(xia)(xia)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)浮雕(diao)人物(wu)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)置神像，兩(liang)側(ce)(ce)(ce)各有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)1對追(zhui)逐相(xiang)斗(dou)(dou)的(de)騎士，姿態各異，栩栩如生。垂(chui)(chui)(chui)脊(ji)上(shang)(shang)的(de)裝飾(shi)也富有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)變化，龍(long)飛(fei)鳳舞，百花(hua)盛開，配(pei)(pei)以獅子(zi)滾(gun)繡(xiu)球(qiu)和(he)海馬(ma)、狎(xia)魚等脊(ji)獸(shou)，十分精巧(qiao)秀麗。檐(yan)(yan)(yan)下(xia)(xia)(xia)置一(yi)斗(dou)(dou)二升斗(dou)(dou)拱(gong)。山(shan)(shan)墻(qiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)砌(qi)筑有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)弧形(xing)(xing)墀頭，下(xia)(xia)(xia)部雕(diao)磚(zhuan)上(shang)(shang)飾(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)麒麟、花(hua)草和(he)須彌座，刻工精細。戲(xi)樓(lou)(lou)，又(you)稱樂樓(lou)(lou)。與(yu)過(guo)庭(ting)相(xiang)距咫尺，面(mian)闊3間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，進(jin)深2間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，歇(xie)(xie)山(shan)(shan)式(shi)(shi)高(gao)臺樓(lou)(lou)閣(ge)，樓(lou)(lou)高(gao)12米(mi)(mi)余，主(zhu)樓(lou)(lou)居中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，左(zuo)右兩(liang)側(ce)(ce)(ce)檐(yan)(yan)(yan)下(xia)(xia)(xia)配(pei)(pei)以歇(xie)(xie)山(shan)(shan)式(shi)(shi)邊樓(lou)(lou)，上(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)錯(cuo)落(luo)，翼角重疊。主(zhu)樓(lou)(lou)前(qian)(qian)(qian)后(hou)(hou)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)抱廈(sha)(sha)，前(qian)(qian)(qian)抱廈(sha)(sha)為(wei)2根平(ping)面(mian)呈小(xiao)八(ba)角形(xing)(xing)石(shi)(shi)柱(zhu)支撐(cheng)，石(shi)(shi)柱(zhu)上(shang)(shang)鐫(juan)刻楹(ying)聯(lian)為(wei)“傳出幽明(ming)(ming)報應彰天道，演來生死輪回醒(xing)世人。”后(hou)(hou)抱廈(sha)(sha)為(wei)垂(chui)(chui)(chui)花(hua)門(men)(men)式(shi)(shi)。全樓(lou)(lou)共有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)19條屋(wu)脊(ji)縱(zong)橫斜插(cha)，置大(da)吻(wen)(wen)脊(ji)獸(shou)，藍綠(lv)色(se)(se)琉(liu)璃(li)脊(ji)飾(shi)。整體(ti)建筑小(xiao)巧(qiao)玲瓏(long)，造型(xing)別致。戲(xi)樓(lou)(lou)北(bei)20余米(mi)(mi)為(wei)大(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，面(mian)闊3間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，進(jin)深3間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，單檐(yan)(yan)(yan)歇(xie)(xie)山(shan)(shan)綠(lv)色(se)(se)琉(liu)璃(li)瓦頂，脊(ji)飾(shi)用(yong)(yong)黃(huang)綠(lv)色(se)(se)琉(liu)璃(li)。正脊(ji)兩(liang)端(duan)(duan)置有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)大(da)吻(wen)(wen)，脊(ji)上(shang)(shang)飾(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)龍(long)、鳳和(he)牡(mu)丹，脊(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)豎獅子(zi)寶(bao)瓶，兩(liang)側(ce)(ce)(ce)飾(shi)小(xiao)寶(bao)瓶。垂(chui)(chui)(chui)脊(ji)、戧(chuang)脊(ji)均(jun)飾(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)花(hua)卉、卷草等圖案，并配(pei)(pei)以獅子(zi)等脊(ji)獸(shou)。檐(yan)(yan)(yan)下(xia)(xia)(xia)施垂(chui)(chui)(chui)昂(ang)五踩(cai)斗(dou)(dou)拱(gong)，昂(ang)嘴呈五角形(xing)(xing)。前(qian)(qian)(qian)檐(yan)(yan)(yan)明(ming)(ming)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)施有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)兩(liang)攢溜金斗(dou)(dou)拱(gong)，角科用(yong)(yong)把(ba)臂(bei)廂拱(gong)。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)內為(wei)九檁前(qian)(qian)(qian)后(hou)(hou)廊(lang)式(shi)(shi)的(de)柱(zhu)梁(liang)(liang)結構，橫梁(liang)(liang)縱(zong)檁，立(li)柱(zhu)斜椽，交替(ti)錯(cuo)落(luo)，排列(lie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)序。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)、后(hou)(hou)明(ming)(ming)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)均(jun)裝修(xiu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)4扇(shan)六抹槅(ge)扇(shan)，殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)次間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)裝修(xiu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)檻窗，均(jun)為(wei)正搭斜交凌(ling)花(hua)式(shi)(shi)。檐(yan)(yan)(yan)下(xia)(xia)(xia)的(de)墊拱(gong)板(ban)上(shang)(shang)還(huan)繪(hui)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)八(ba)仙過(guo)海、二十四孝等彩(cai)畫。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)砌(qi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)月(yue)臺。大(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)(hou)20米(mi)(mi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)寢(qin)(qin)宮，由拜廈(sha)(sha)和(he)寢(qin)(qin)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)組成，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)地溝相(xiang)隔。寢(qin)(qin)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)面(mian)闊5間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，進(jin)深3間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，懸(xuan)山(shan)(shan)式(shi)(shi)建筑；殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)的(de)拜廈(sha)(sha)，面(mian)闊5間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，進(jin)深4架(jia)椽，卷棚(peng)頂。屋(wu)面(mian)均(jun)覆(fu)以綠(lv)色(se)(se)琉(liu)璃(li)瓦，脊(ji)飾(shi)用(yong)(yong)黃(huang)綠(lv)花(hua)色(se)(se)琉(liu)璃(li)。寢(qin)(qin)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)正脊(ji)兩(liang)端(duan)(duan)置2米(mi)(mi)高(gao)的(de)大(da)吻(wen)(wen)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央飾(shi)一(yi)重檐(yan)(yan)(yan)歇(xie)(xie)山(shan)(shan)式(shi)(shi)樓(lou)(lou)閣(ge)，脊(ji)兩(liang)側(ce)(ce)(ce)塑(su)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)雙龍(long)戲(xi)珠(zhu)，鳳穿牡(mu)丹，垂(chui)(chui)(chui)脊(ji)雕(diao)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)羽人、石(shi)(shi)榴、花(hua)卉等，玲瓏(long)剔透。檐(yan)(yan)(yan)下(xia)(xia)(xia)施三昂(ang)七踩(cai)斗(dou)(dou)拱(gong)，昂(ang)嘴和(he)耍頭呈象鼻(bi)狀(zhuang)，斗(dou)(dou)拱(gong)后(hou)(hou)尾(wei)均(jun)平(ping)插(cha)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)垂(chui)(chui)(chui)柱(zhu)，獨具匠心。檐(yan)(yan)(yan)下(xia)(xia)(xia)的(de)墊拱(gong)板(ban)上(shang)(shang)，繪(hui)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)色(se)(se)彩(cai)絢(xuan)麗的(de)彩(cai)繪(hui)，造型(xing)生動，題材豐富，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)鯉魚跳龍(long)門(men)(men)、喜鵲鬧梅、鳳戲(xi)牡(mu)丹、松(song)鶴延(yan)年、龍(long)虎相(xiang)斗(dou)(dou)、獅子(zi)滾(gun)繡(xiu)球(qiu)等。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)的(de)明(ming)(ming)、次間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)裝有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)六抹槅(ge)扇(shan)，梢間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)置檻窗，均(jun)為(wei)正搭斜交凌(ling)花(hua)式(shi)(shi)。

該廟的建(jian)筑以建(jian)造(zao)精致(zhi)、結構堅實而著稱。廟內(nei)原有(you)碑(bei)刻(ke)，其(qi)中有(you)明初鄭州同(tong)知張大(da)猷草書石碑(bei)《福(fu)贊》、《壽贊》兩通，前者碑(bei)高(gao)1.88米，寬(kuan)0.83米；后(hou)者高(gao)1.81米，寬(kuan)0.8米，筆(bi)跡(ji)蒼勁挺拔，現僅存《福(fu)贊》碑(bei)。1963年(nian)6月20日(ri)，由原河(he)南省(sheng)人民委(wei)員會公布為河(he)南省(sheng)文物保護單位(wei)。

歷史典故

鄭州城隍廟(miao)供(gong)奉的是漢劉邦麾下(xia)大將(jiang)紀信。

漢(han)高祖劉邦三年（公元前204年），項羽(yu)圍劉邦于(yu)滎陽，危難之中，紀(ji)信冒充漢(han)王，使劉邦得(de)(de)以逃走。《資治通鑒(jian)》記(ji)載：“五月，將軍紀(ji)信言于(yu)漢(han)王曰：事急(ji)矣，臣請誑楚(chu)(chu)，王可(ke)以間出。”于(yu)是(shi)陳平夜出女子東(dong)門二干余人，楚(chu)(chu)因而四面(mian)擊之。紀(ji)信乃(nai)乘王車，黃屋左纛(dao)，曰：“食盡，漢(han)王降楚(chu)(chu)。”楚(chu)(chu)皆呼萬歲，出城東(dong)觀，以故漢(han)王得(de)(de)以數十騎出西門遁去(qu)……羽(yu)見(jian)紀(ji)信，問：“漢(han)王安(an)在？”曰：已出去(qu)矣。“羽(yu)燒殺(sha)信”就(jiu)是(shi)說(shuo)的這個故事。

基本概況

鄭州(zhou)(zhou)城隍廟全稱是“鄭州(zhou)(zhou)城隍靈佑侯廟”，在(zai)鄭州(zhou)(zhou)市商城路(lu)北(bei)，職工路(lu)(原名(ming)：城隍廟街)北(bei)端(duan)。建于明代(dai)初(chu)年(nian)，弘治十(shi)四(si)年(nian)（1501年(nian)）重修(xiu)，是河南省規模較大、保存完(wan)好的明清古建筑(zhu)群落之一(yi)。數百年(nian)來(lai)，雖屢遭兵(bing)燹、火災及(ji)人為(wei)破(po)壞，后(hou)經多次營(ying)建修(xiu)葺，基本(ben)上保留了歷史(shi)原貌(mao)，因此(ci)彌(mi)足珍貴。

是目(mu)前河南保存最完整(zheng)、規模最大的(de)古建筑群。該廟始建于明(ming)代(dai)初年，清(qing)代(dai)重修。主要有(you)(you)(you)山門、前殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、樂樓、大殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、寢宮等，全部殿(dian)(dian)(dian)堂均為琉璃瓦覆頂，造型精致(zhi)，結構緊湊。其中樂樓高(gao)達15米，大殿(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)外的(de)雕(diao)(diao)刻非常有(you)(you)(you)特色，在正面(mian)屋脊上雕(diao)(diao)有(you)(you)(you)游龍和鳳凰，旁(pang)邊有(you)(you)(you)荷花、獅子(zi)等，圖案精美，雕(diao)(diao)工細致(zhi)；進入大殿(dian)(dian)(dian)，兩側可見雕(diao)(diao)刻的(de)龍、鳳、牡丹；殿(dian)(dian)(dian)上刻有(you)(you)(you)“八仙過(guo)海”及蒼松翠(cui)柏(bo)、人物(wu)鳥獸(shou)，構圖和諧精致(zhi)。

每年的農歷三(san)月十八(ba)日，城隍廟(miao)里(li)都舉(ju)辦廟(miao)會活動，屆時，各(ge)(ge)種各(ge)(ge)樣的民間工藝(yi)品(pin)、風(feng)味(wei)小(xiao)吃都匯聚于此，前來趕廟(miao)會的人(ren)更是(shi)絡(luo)繹不絕(jue)，場面熱鬧(nao)非凡。

建筑結構

該廟坐北面南，山門、前殿(dian)、戲樓(lou)、大殿(dian)、寢宮、東西廊(lang)廡等，沿中軸線依次排(pai)列，層(ceng)次分明，布局結構合(he)理，建筑(zhu)(zhu)均為琉璃瓦覆(fu)蓋(gai)，卷棚出(chu)廈，飛檐四出(chu)，造型精致，結構緊(jin)湊(cou)。整個建筑(zhu)(zhu)紅磚綠瓦，畫(hua)梁雕(diao)棟，既凝重端莊，又古樸典雅，是鄭(zheng)州(zhou)市絕(jue)無(wu)僅(jin)有(you)(you)的明清建筑(zhu)(zhu)精品。其中丈(zhang)五左右的歇山式(shi)雙層(ceng)戲樓(lou)，堪(kan)稱鄭(zheng)州(zhou)之最(zui)。樂樓(lou)高達15米，歇山式(shi)雙層(ceng)建筑(zhu)(zhu)，正(zheng)脊(ji)(ji)浮雕(diao)游龍(long)數條(tiao)，有(you)(you)鳳(feng)凰(huang)在(zai)上(shang)下(xia)飛舞，有(you)(you)荷花、獅(shi)子在(zai)左右陪襯，異(yi)常(chang)生動。大殿(dian)正(zheng)脊(ji)(ji)兩(liang)端雕(diao)有(you)(you)吞脊(ji)(ji)吻(wen)獸，兩(liang)側刻滾(gun)龍(long)數條(tiao)，并飾鳳(feng)凰(huang)、牡丹；殿(dian)上(shang)刻有(you)(you)“八(ba)仙過(guo)海”及蒼松翠柏、人物鳥獸，構圖和(he)諧精致，左右對稱，絕(jue)妙異(yi)常(chang)。每年農歷(li)三月十八(ba)日(ri)廟會時節，臺上(shang)古樂喧天，絲弦陣陣，臺下(xia)游人如癡如醉。加之雜(za)耍、民(min)間工藝品，各種名優(you)小吃繽紛上(shang)市，更(geng)給城隍廟平添不少(shao)光彩。解放后，政(zheng)府又撥款對其進行(xing)整修(xiu)，并重塑城隍金身，終使這(zhe)座有(you)(you)著五百年“廟齡”的古建筑(zhu)(zhu)群，再(zai)獲新生。

交通信息

市內乘坐(zuo)公交2路(lu)、52路(lu)、58路(lu)、61路(lu)、65路(lu)、727路(lu)、b17路(lu)、y801路(lu)到鄭(zheng)州城隍廟(miao)站下(xia)可(ke)到