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簡介

據民國《鄭(zheng)縣(xian)志》記載，明(ming)弘治十(shi)四(si)年(nian)(nian)(1501)知(zhi)州(zhou)石純(chun)粹，嘉靖六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(1527)知(zhi)州(zhou)劉汝，隆慶四(si)年(nian)(nian)(1570)知(zhi)州(zhou)李(li)時選均曾重(zhong)修。清康熙(xi)三(san)十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(1691)知(zhi)州(zhou)陳一魁(kui)、五十(shi)三(san)年(nian)(nian)(1714)知(zhi)州(zhou)張(zhang)，乾隆五年(nian)(nian)(1740)知(zhi)州(zhou)張(zhang)鉞(yue)，光緒十(shi)六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(1890)知(zhi)州(zhou)吳榮棨亦(yi)重(zhong)修。

此廟坐北(bei)朝(chao)南(nan)，原占地面(mian)積(ji)約10畝。由大門(men)、過庭(ting)、戲(xi)(xi)(xi)樓、大殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、后寢宮和東、西廊房組成。大門(men)面(mian)闊(kuo)(kuo)3間(jian)(jian)，進深2間(jian)(jian)，懸山(shan)(shan)式(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)筑，綠色(se)(se)琉璃瓦(wa)頂，檐(yan)(yan)(yan)下(xia)(xia)(xia)施(shi)(shi)三昂(ang)七(qi)踩(cai)斗(dou)(dou)(dou)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，三幅(fu)云昂(ang)嘴，耍頭(tou)呈(cheng)(cheng)象鼻狀。斗(dou)(dou)(dou)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)后尾(wei)均平插(cha)垂(chui)(chui)蓮柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，垂(chui)(chui)蓮柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)上(shang)金(jin)枋相連，而柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)上(shang)端(duan)，直承上(shang)金(jin)檁。明(ming)間(jian)(jian)前后立4根(gen)石(shi)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，周圍用(yong)木(mu)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，中(zhong)間(jian)(jian)為(wei)(wei)木(mu)制通(tong)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，平面(mian)均呈(cheng)(cheng)小八角形(xing)(xing)。實榻大門(men)3合，分別裝(zhuang)在通(tong)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)上(shang)。門(men)前砌6級(ji)扇(shan)面(mian)形(xing)(xing)垂(chui)(chui)帶式(shi)(shi)踏跺(duo)，左右立1對(dui)(dui)石(shi)獅子(zi)。過庭(ting)距(ju)大門(men)10余(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)，面(mian)闊(kuo)(kuo)3間(jian)(jian)，進深2間(jian)(jian)，硬山(shan)(shan)式(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)筑。灰(hui)筒瓦(wa)頂，正(zheng)脊兩(liang)(liang)(liang)端(duan)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大吻(wen)，中(zhong)部(bu)飾(shi)二龍(long)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)珠和寶(bao)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)，下(xia)(xia)(xia)有(you)(you)浮雕人物，中(zhong)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神像，兩(liang)(liang)(liang)側各有(you)(you)1對(dui)(dui)追逐相斗(dou)(dou)(dou)的(de)(de)(de)騎士，姿態各異，栩栩如生(sheng)。垂(chui)(chui)脊上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)裝(zhuang)飾(shi)也富有(you)(you)變(bian)化，龍(long)飛鳳舞，百花(hua)(hua)(hua)盛開，配以獅子(zi)滾繡球(qiu)和海馬、狎魚等(deng)脊獸(shou)(shou)，十分精巧秀麗。檐(yan)(yan)(yan)下(xia)(xia)(xia)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一斗(dou)(dou)(dou)二升斗(dou)(dou)(dou)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。山(shan)(shan)墻下(xia)(xia)(xia)砌筑有(you)(you)弧形(xing)(xing)墀頭(tou)，下(xia)(xia)(xia)部(bu)雕磚上(shang)飾(shi)有(you)(you)麒麟、花(hua)(hua)(hua)草(cao)(cao)和須彌座，刻工精細。戲(xi)(xi)(xi)樓，又稱樂樓。與過庭(ting)相距(ju)咫尺(chi)，面(mian)闊(kuo)(kuo)3間(jian)(jian)，進深2間(jian)(jian)，歇(xie)山(shan)(shan)式(shi)(shi)高(gao)臺樓閣，樓高(gao)12米(mi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)，主樓居中(zhong)，左右兩(liang)(liang)(liang)側檐(yan)(yan)(yan)下(xia)(xia)(xia)配以歇(xie)山(shan)(shan)式(shi)(shi)邊樓，上(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)錯(cuo)落，翼角重疊。主樓前后有(you)(you)抱廈，前抱廈為(wei)(wei)2根(gen)平面(mian)呈(cheng)(cheng)小八角形(xing)(xing)石(shi)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)支撐，石(shi)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)上(shang)鐫刻楹聯(lian)為(wei)(wei)“傳出幽明(ming)報應彰(zhang)天道，演來(lai)生(sheng)死輪回醒(xing)世人。”后抱廈為(wei)(wei)垂(chui)(chui)花(hua)(hua)(hua)門(men)式(shi)(shi)。全樓共有(you)(you)19條屋(wu)脊縱橫(heng)斜插(cha)，置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大吻(wen)脊獸(shou)(shou)，藍綠色(se)(se)琉璃脊飾(shi)。整體建(jian)(jian)筑小巧玲瓏，造型(xing)別致。戲(xi)(xi)(xi)樓北(bei)20余(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)為(wei)(wei)大殿(dian)(dian)(dian)，面(mian)闊(kuo)(kuo)3間(jian)(jian)，進深3間(jian)(jian)，單檐(yan)(yan)(yan)歇(xie)山(shan)(shan)綠色(se)(se)琉璃瓦(wa)頂，脊飾(shi)用(yong)黃綠色(se)(se)琉璃。正(zheng)脊兩(liang)(liang)(liang)端(duan)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)大吻(wen)，脊上(shang)飾(shi)有(you)(you)龍(long)、鳳和牡(mu)丹，脊中(zhong)豎(shu)獅子(zi)寶(bao)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)，兩(liang)(liang)(liang)側飾(shi)小寶(bao)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)。垂(chui)(chui)脊、戧脊均飾(shi)有(you)(you)花(hua)(hua)(hua)卉、卷草(cao)(cao)等(deng)圖案，并配以獅子(zi)等(deng)脊獸(shou)(shou)。檐(yan)(yan)(yan)下(xia)(xia)(xia)施(shi)(shi)垂(chui)(chui)昂(ang)五(wu)踩(cai)斗(dou)(dou)(dou)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，昂(ang)嘴呈(cheng)(cheng)五(wu)角形(xing)(xing)。前檐(yan)(yan)(yan)明(ming)間(jian)(jian)施(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)攢溜金(jin)斗(dou)(dou)(dou)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，角科用(yong)把臂廂拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)為(wei)(wei)九檁前后廊式(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)梁(liang)結構，橫(heng)梁(liang)縱檁，立柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)斜椽，交(jiao)替錯(cuo)落，排列有(you)(you)序。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)前、后明(ming)間(jian)(jian)均裝(zhuang)修有(you)(you)4扇(shan)六抹(mo)槅(ge)扇(shan)，殿(dian)(dian)(dian)前次間(jian)(jian)裝(zhuang)修有(you)(you)檻窗，均為(wei)(wei)正(zheng)搭(da)斜交(jiao)凌花(hua)(hua)(hua)式(shi)(shi)。檐(yan)(yan)(yan)下(xia)(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)墊拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)板(ban)上(shang)還繪(hui)有(you)(you)八仙(xian)過海、二十四孝等(deng)彩畫。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)前砌有(you)(you)月臺。大殿(dian)(dian)(dian)后20米(mi)有(you)(you)寢宮，由拜廈和寢殿(dian)(dian)(dian)組成，中(zhong)有(you)(you)地溝相隔。寢殿(dian)(dian)(dian)面(mian)闊(kuo)(kuo)5間(jian)(jian)，進深3間(jian)(jian)，懸山(shan)(shan)式(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)筑；殿(dian)(dian)(dian)前的(de)(de)(de)拜廈，面(mian)闊(kuo)(kuo)5間(jian)(jian)，進深4架椽，卷棚頂。屋(wu)面(mian)均覆以綠色(se)(se)琉璃瓦(wa)，脊飾(shi)用(yong)黃綠花(hua)(hua)(hua)色(se)(se)琉璃。寢殿(dian)(dian)(dian)正(zheng)脊兩(liang)(liang)(liang)端(duan)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)2米(mi)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)大吻(wen)，中(zhong)央(yang)飾(shi)一重檐(yan)(yan)(yan)歇(xie)山(shan)(shan)式(shi)(shi)樓閣，脊兩(liang)(liang)(liang)側塑(su)有(you)(you)雙龍(long)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)珠，鳳穿牡(mu)丹，垂(chui)(chui)脊雕有(you)(you)羽(yu)人、石(shi)榴、花(hua)(hua)(hua)卉等(deng)，玲瓏剔透。檐(yan)(yan)(yan)下(xia)(xia)(xia)施(shi)(shi)三昂(ang)七(qi)踩(cai)斗(dou)(dou)(dou)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，昂(ang)嘴和耍頭(tou)呈(cheng)(cheng)象鼻狀，斗(dou)(dou)(dou)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)后尾(wei)均平插(cha)有(you)(you)垂(chui)(chui)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，獨具匠心。檐(yan)(yan)(yan)下(xia)(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)墊拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)板(ban)上(shang)，繪(hui)有(you)(you)色(se)(se)彩絢麗的(de)(de)(de)彩繪(hui)，造型(xing)生(sheng)動(dong)，題材豐富，有(you)(you)鯉魚跳龍(long)門(men)、喜鵲(que)鬧(nao)梅、鳳戲(xi)(xi)(xi)牡(mu)丹、松(song)鶴延年、龍(long)虎(hu)相斗(dou)(dou)(dou)、獅子(zi)滾繡球(qiu)等(deng)。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)前的(de)(de)(de)明(ming)、次間(jian)(jian)裝(zhuang)有(you)(you)六抹(mo)槅(ge)扇(shan)，梢間(jian)(jian)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)檻窗，均為(wei)(wei)正(zheng)搭(da)斜交(jiao)凌花(hua)(hua)(hua)式(shi)(shi)。

該(gai)廟的(de)建筑以建造精致、結構堅實而著(zhu)稱。廟內原有碑(bei)刻，其中有明初(chu)鄭州同知張大(da)猷(you)草書石碑(bei)《福贊(zan)(zan)》、《壽贊(zan)(zan)》兩(liang)通，前者碑(bei)高1.88米(mi)(mi)，寬0.83米(mi)(mi)；后者高1.81米(mi)(mi)，寬0.8米(mi)(mi)，筆跡蒼勁挺拔，現(xian)僅存《福贊(zan)(zan)》碑(bei)。1963年6月20日(ri)，由原河南省(sheng)人(ren)民(min)委員會公布為河南省(sheng)文物保護單位。

歷史典故

鄭州城隍(huang)廟供(gong)奉的(de)是(shi)漢劉邦麾下大(da)將(jiang)紀信(xin)。

漢(han)(han)高(gao)祖(zu)劉(liu)邦三(san)年（公元前204年），項羽(yu)圍劉(liu)邦于滎陽，危難之中，紀信(xin)冒(mao)充漢(han)(han)王(wang)(wang)，使(shi)劉(liu)邦得以(yi)逃(tao)走。《資(zi)治通鑒》記(ji)載：“五月，將軍紀信(xin)言于漢(han)(han)王(wang)(wang)曰(yue)(yue)：事急矣，臣請誑楚(chu)(chu)，王(wang)(wang)可以(yi)間出(chu)(chu)。”于是陳平夜出(chu)(chu)女子東門二干余人，楚(chu)(chu)因而四面擊之。紀信(xin)乃乘王(wang)(wang)車，黃(huang)屋(wu)左纛，曰(yue)(yue)：“食盡(jin)，漢(han)(han)王(wang)(wang)降楚(chu)(chu)。”楚(chu)(chu)皆呼萬歲，出(chu)(chu)城東觀，以(yi)故漢(han)(han)王(wang)(wang)得以(yi)數十騎出(chu)(chu)西(xi)門遁去……羽(yu)見紀信(xin)，問：“漢(han)(han)王(wang)(wang)安(an)在？”曰(yue)(yue)：已出(chu)(chu)去矣。“羽(yu)燒殺信(xin)”就是說的這個故事。

基本概況

鄭(zheng)州城(cheng)隍廟全稱是“鄭(zheng)州城(cheng)隍靈(ling)佑侯廟”，在鄭(zheng)州市商(shang)城(cheng)路北(bei)，職工路(原名：城(cheng)隍廟街)北(bei)端。建(jian)(jian)于明代初年(nian)(nian)，弘(hong)治十四年(nian)(nian)（1501年(nian)(nian)）重修(xiu)，是河(he)南省(sheng)規模較大、保存(cun)完好的明清古建(jian)(jian)筑群(qun)落之一。數百年(nian)(nian)來，雖屢遭兵燹、火災及人(ren)為破壞，后經多(duo)次營建(jian)(jian)修(xiu)葺，基(ji)本上保留了歷史原貌，因此彌足珍貴。

是目前河南保(bao)存最完整(zheng)、規模最大的古建筑群。該廟始建于明代(dai)初年，清代(dai)重修(xiu)。主要有山門、前殿、樂(le)樓(lou)、大殿、寢宮等，全部(bu)殿堂均為琉璃瓦覆頂，造型精(jing)致(zhi)，結構(gou)緊湊。其中樂(le)樓(lou)高達15米，大殿內(nei)外的雕刻(ke)非常有特(te)色，在正面(mian)屋(wu)脊上雕有游龍和鳳(feng)凰，旁(pang)邊有荷花、獅(shi)子等，圖案精(jing)美，雕工細致(zhi)；進入大殿，兩側(ce)可見雕刻(ke)的龍、鳳(feng)、牡丹；殿上刻(ke)有“八仙過海”及蒼松翠柏、人(ren)物鳥獸，構(gou)圖和諧精(jing)致(zhi)。

每年(nian)的農歷三月十八日(ri)，城(cheng)隍廟里都舉辦廟會(hui)活動(dong)，屆時(shi)，各(ge)(ge)種各(ge)(ge)樣的民間工(gong)藝品、風(feng)味小吃都匯(hui)聚(ju)于此，前來趕廟會(hui)的人更是絡(luo)繹不(bu)絕，場面熱鬧(nao)非凡。

建筑結構

該廟(miao)坐(zuo)北面南(nan)，山(shan)門(men)、前殿(dian)(dian)、戲樓、大(da)殿(dian)(dian)、寢宮(gong)、東西廊廡(wu)等，沿(yan)中軸(zhou)線(xian)依次(ci)排列，層次(ci)分(fen)明，布局結構(gou)合理，建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)均為琉璃瓦覆蓋，卷(juan)棚出廈(sha)，飛檐四出，造型(xing)精(jing)(jing)致，結構(gou)緊(jin)湊。整(zheng)(zheng)個(ge)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)紅磚綠瓦，畫梁雕棟，既凝重端莊，又古(gu)樸典雅，是鄭州(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)絕(jue)無僅(jin)有(you)(you)的明清建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)精(jing)(jing)品。其(qi)中丈五(wu)左(zuo)右的歇(xie)山(shan)式(shi)雙層戲樓，堪稱(cheng)鄭州(zhou)(zhou)之最。樂樓高達15米，歇(xie)山(shan)式(shi)雙層建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)，正(zheng)脊(ji)(ji)浮(fu)雕游龍數條，有(you)(you)鳳(feng)凰(huang)在上(shang)下(xia)飛舞，有(you)(you)荷花、獅子在左(zuo)右陪(pei)襯，異常(chang)生(sheng)動。大(da)殿(dian)(dian)正(zheng)脊(ji)(ji)兩端雕有(you)(you)吞脊(ji)(ji)吻獸(shou)(shou)，兩側刻滾(gun)龍數條，并飾(shi)鳳(feng)凰(huang)、牡(mu)丹；殿(dian)(dian)上(shang)刻有(you)(you)“八仙過海”及蒼松翠柏、人(ren)物鳥獸(shou)(shou)，構(gou)圖(tu)和諧(xie)精(jing)(jing)致，左(zuo)右對稱(cheng)，絕(jue)妙異常(chang)。每(mei)年農歷三月十八日廟(miao)會時節，臺(tai)上(shang)古(gu)樂喧天，絲弦陣陣，臺(tai)下(xia)游人(ren)如癡如醉。加之雜耍、民間工藝(yi)品，各(ge)種名優小吃(chi)繽紛(fen)上(shang)市(shi)，更給城隍(huang)廟(miao)平(ping)添(tian)不少光(guang)彩(cai)。解(jie)放(fang)后，政府(fu)又撥(bo)款(kuan)對其(qi)進行整(zheng)(zheng)修，并重塑城隍(huang)金身，終使這座有(you)(you)著(zhu)五(wu)百年“廟(miao)齡”的古(gu)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)群，再獲新生(sheng)。

交通信息

市內乘坐公交2路(lu)、52路(lu)、58路(lu)、61路(lu)、65路(lu)、727路(lu)、b17路(lu)、y801路(lu)到鄭州(zhou)城(cheng)隍廟站下可(ke)到