簡介
在陜西(xi)省韓(han)城市(shi)芝(zhi)(zhi)川鎮東南約300米處(chu)。司(si)(si)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)遷(qian)(約前145~? ),字子長,夏(xia)陽(今陜西(xi)韓(han)城)人(ren),西(xi)漢(han)(han)著名文(wen)學(xue)家(jia)、歷史學(xue)家(jia)。他(ta)所著《史記》一(yi)書(shu),開創(chuang)中國通史體例,對后世史學(xue)和文(wen)學(xue)的發(fa)展都有深遠(yuan)的影響。后人(ren)為(wei)紀念他(ta)的功績,在原籍修(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)祠和墓(mu)(mu)(mu)。現存建(jian)筑最(zui)早是宋代(dai)修(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)的寢(qin)(qin)宮(gong)和山(shan)門。1982年(nian)(nian)中華人(ren)民共和國國務院公(gong)布(bu)為(wei)全(quan)國重點文(wen)物(wu)保護(hu)(hu)單(dan)位(wei)。 祠依(yi)山(shan)傍(bang)水(shui)而建(jian),坐落在用磚(zhuan)石(shi)筑成(cheng)的高臺上(shang)(shang)(shang),高約 100米,占地面積約 13萬平方米,臺階為(wei) 99層,分為(wei) 4段(duan)。第 1、2 段(duan)立牌(pai)(pai)坊,上(shang)(shang)(shang)書(shu)“高山(shan)仰(yang)止”、“河山(shan)之陽”。第 4段(duan)為(wei)宋代(dai)建(jian)筑的山(shan)門,門額上(shang)(shang)(shang)書(shu)“漢(han)(han)太(tai)史祠”。祠院正中為(wei)獻(xian)殿、寢(qin)(qin)宮(gong)。寢(qin)(qin)宮(gong)內有司(si)(si)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)遷(qian)塑(su)像1 尊。寢(qin)(qin)宮(gong)左(zuo)鄰為(wei)齋廚。寢(qin)(qin)宮(gong)后為(wei)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)地。墓(mu)(mu)(mu)冢磚(zhuan)垣圍護(hu)(hu),墓(mu)(mu)(mu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)有古(gu)柏數株。墓(mu)(mu)(mu)基周圍嵌(qian)有磚(zhuan)刻八卦和名人(ren)題詞多(duo)幅。墓(mu)(mu)(mu)前立“漢(han)(han)太(tai)史公(gong)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)”碑。 馬(ma)(ma)(ma)遷(qian)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)與祠,在韓(han)城市(shi)城南10公(gong)里芝(zhi)(zhi)川鎮南門外,位(wei)于黃(huang)(huang)河西(xi)岸的梁山(shan)東麓。現為(wei)全(quan)國重點文(wen)物(wu)保護(hu)(hu)單(dan)位(wei)。司(si)(si)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)遷(qian)祠墓(mu)(mu)(mu)位(wei)于城區(qu)以南10公(gong)里處(chu)的芝(zhi)(zhi)川黃(huang)(huang)河古(gu)渡口(kou)高崗(gang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)。一(yi)部《史記》成(cheng)就(jiu)了司(si)(si)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)遷(qian)。史圣的祠墓(mu)(mu)(mu)也像一(yi)座豐碑,歷經千百年(nian)(nian)滄桑而愈顯雄偉。司(si)(si)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)遷(qian)祠墓(mu)(mu)(mu)依(yi)山(shan)而建(jian)。過(guo)芝(zhi)(zhi)秀(xiu)古(gu)橋,進入漢(han)(han)太(tai)史司(si)(si)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)遷(qian)祠墓(mu)(mu)(mu)群,過(guo)古(gu)牌(pai)(pai)坊,便是石(shi)條鋪(pu)就(jiu)的司(si)(si)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)古(gu)道。
凹(ao)凸不平(ping)的(de)(de)石道(dao)印,記著千(qian)(qian)余年(nian)(nian)(nian)來(lai)仰慕者攀(pan)登者的(de)(de)足跡。司(si)(si)(si)(si)馬(ma)(ma)遷(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)祠墓(mu)始(shi)建于西晉永嘉四(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元310年(nian)(nian)(nian)),作為(wei)(wei)(wei)全國重(zhong)點文物(wu),1957年(nian)(nian)(nian)得到大修,面(mian)貌煥然一新,前(qian)來(lai)韓城的(de)(de)游客,首先要來(lai)這里瞻(zhan)仰世界文化名人司(si)(si)(si)(si)馬(ma)(ma)遷(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)祠墓(mu)。登上司(si)(si)(si)(si)馬(ma)(ma)坡之巔,眼前(qian)雕龍(long)(long)畫棟(dong),身旁古柏(bo)參天,風光迷人。東有(you)(you)滔滔黃(huang)河(he),西有(you)(you)巍巍梁山,南可(ke)見(jian)魏代(dai)(dai)(dai)長城,北可(ke)見(jian)芝水長流。1958年(nian)(nian)(nian)考(kao)古學家(jia)、詩(shi)人郭沫若為(wei)(wei)(wei)司(si)(si)(si)(si)馬(ma)(ma)祠題詩(shi),并(bing)銘(ming)刻在(zai)(zai)新立石碑上,詩(shi)云:“龍(long)(long)門有(you)(you)靈秀,鐘毓人中(zhong)龍(long)(long)。學識空前(qian)富,文章曠代(dai)(dai)(dai)雄(xiong)。憐才膺斧銥,吐(tu)氣作霓虹(hong)。功業追尼父(fu),千(qian)(qian)秋太史公(gong)。”前(qian)面(mian)提至獻殿中(zhong)掛(gua)有(you)(you)“文史祖宗”的(de)(de)匾額,這是(shi)在(zai)(zai)民國初年(nian)(nian)(nian)司(si)(si)(si)(si)馬(ma)(ma)遷(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)的(de)(de)后(hou)(hou)裔(yi)送的(de)(de)。距司(si)(si)(si)(si)馬(ma)(ma)遷(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)祠5公(gong)里的(de)(de)兔東鄉徐村是(shi)司(si)(si)(si)(si)馬(ma)(ma)遷(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)的(de)(de)故里,村里有(you)(you)司(si)(si)(si)(si)馬(ma)(ma)遷(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)祠堂等古跡。徐村主要由(you)姓(xing)同的(de)(de)和姓(xing)馮(feng)的(de)(de)人家(jia)組(zu)成(cheng),他們千(qian)(qian)百年(nian)(nian)(nian)來(lai)自稱(cheng)是(shi)司(si)(si)(si)(si)馬(ma)(ma)遷(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)的(de)(de)后(hou)(hou)裔(yi),據說(shuo)“馮(feng)”姓(xing)是(shi)司(si)(si)(si)(si)馬(ma)(ma)遷(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)大兒子司(si)(si)(si)(si)馬(ma)(ma)臨的(de)(de)后(hou)(hou)代(dai)(dai)(dai),“同”姓(xing)是(shi)司(si)(si)(si)(si)馬(ma)(ma)遷(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)二兒子司(si)(si)(si)(si)馬(ma)(ma)觀(guan)的(de)(de)后(hou)(hou)代(dai)(dai)(dai)。兩姓(xing)親如一家(jia),但從不通(tong)(tong)婚。前(qian)些年(nian)(nian)(nian)記者前(qian)來(lai)采訪,問起他們的(de)(de)姓(xing)氏,得到的(de)(de)回(hui)答(da)是(shi):司(si)(si)(si)(si)馬(ma)(ma)遷(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)受刑入獄(yu),為(wei)(wei)(wei)免株連兒女,不得不改姓(xing)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)什么要改“馮(feng)”和“同”兩姓(xing)呢?回(hui)答(da)說(shuo):司(si)(si)(si)(si)馬(ma)(ma)遷(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)遭厄運時,有(you)(you)好心人向家(jia)鄉通(tong)(tong)風報信。“同”、“馮(feng)”二字皆取“通(tong)(tong)”和“風”的(de)(de)諧音,又包含了(le)原(yuan)姓(xing)“司(si)(si)(si)(si)”、
“馬(ma)”兩字(zi)。不(bu)僅“馮(feng)”、“同”兩姓以先祖(zu)光(guang)輝史(shi)(shi)跡自豪,整個(ge)韓城人也(ye)以司(si)馬(ma)遷(qian)驕傲。為了紀念這(zhe)位文(wen)化名人,市區建有(you)寬暢的“太(tai)史(shi)(shi)大街(jie)”。在該街(jie)的西(xi)端的廣場中,豎立著(zhu)司(si)馬(ma)遷(qian)青銅塑像。 司(si)馬(ma)遷(qian)祠(ci)共分(fen)四個(ge)高臺(tai),各臺(tai)之(zhi)間(jian)由(you)石階相連,層層上升,共九十九級(ji)。每(mei)座臺(tai)前立有(you)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)木牌(pai)坊(fang)(fang),自下(xia)而上,第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)臺(tai)牌(pai)坊(fang)(fang)上書“高山(shan)(shan)(shan)仰止”四個(ge)字(zi),第(di)(di)二坊(fang)(fang)上書“龍門(men)才子故(gu)里”六(liu)個(ge)字(zi),第(di)(di)三(san)坊(fang)(fang)上書“河山(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)陽”四個(ge)字(zi)。最后(hou)一(yi)(yi)臺(tai)是司(si)馬(ma)遷(qian)的墓葬(zang),是元代(dai)修建的司(si)馬(ma)遷(qian)衣冠冢,墓前有(you)一(yi)(yi)通清乾隆年間(jian)陜西(xi)巡(xun)撫畢沅書寫的“漢(han)太(tai)史(shi)(shi)公墓”碑,墓冢上有(you)一(yi)(yi)株古柏,古柏蒼郁遒(qiu)勁,傳說植于(yu)漢(han)代(dai)。祠(ci)廟的第(di)(di)三(san)臺(tai)上有(you)獻殿(dian)和寢宮,內(nei)(nei)祀司(si)馬(ma)遷(qian)的塑像。塑像方臉長須,雙眉入鬢,顯得(de)氣宇(yu)(yu)軒昂,當是近代(dai)人的作品。殿(dian)宇(yu)(yu)和山(shan)(shan)(shan)門(men)都是宋代(dai)的建筑結構,在陜西(xi)省內(nei)(nei)十分(fen)罕見。祠(ci)內(nei)(nei)還保(bao)存(cun)有(you)許多歷代(dai)名人墨客憑(ping)吊題詠的碑石。(
司馬遷
司(si)馬(ma)遷(qian)(qian)(qian)(約公(gong)元(yuan)前(qian)145—?年)字(zi)子長(chang),西(xi)漢(han)夏陽(yang)(今韓(han)城(cheng)南人,是我(wo)國(guo)(guo)著(zhu)名氣(qi)史(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)學(xue)、文學(xue)家和(he)思想家。他曾參與共訂太初(chu)歷(li),對(dui)歷(li)法進(jin)行(xing)改(gai)革。他在遭受(shou)腐型(xing)情況(kuang)下,發(fa)憤著(zhu)《史(shi)(shi)(shi)記(ji)(ji)》,共130篇,達52萬字(zi),是我(wo)國(guo)(guo)最早(zao)的(de)通史(shi)(shi)(shi)。魯訊(xun)盛贊《 史(shi)(shi)(shi)記(ji)(ji)》是“史(shi)(shi)(shi)家之(zhi)絕唱,無韻之(zhi)離(li)騷(sao)”。司(si)馬(ma)遷(qian)(qian)(qian)(前(qian)145—前(qian)87年后(hou)),字(zi)子長(chang),西(xi)漢(han)夏陽(yang)(今陜(shan)西(xi)韓(han)城(cheng),一(yi)說(shuo)山(shan)西(xi)河(he)津)人,我(wo)國(guo)(guo)西(xi)漢(han)偉(wei)(wei)大(da)的(de)史(shi)(shi)(shi)學(xue)家、思想家、文學(xue)家,著(zhu)有《史(shi)(shi)(shi)記(ji)(ji)》,又(you)稱(cheng)《太史(shi)(shi)(shi)公(gong)記(ji)(ji)》,他記(ji)(ji)載了上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)自(zi)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)古(gu)(gu)傳(chuan)說(shuo)中(zhong)的(de)黃帝(di)時代(dai),下至漢(han)武帝(di)太初(chu)四年(公(gong)元(yuan)前(qian)100年),共3000多年的(de)歷(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)。司(si)馬(ma)遷(qian)(qian)(qian)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)、祠(ci),東臨黃河(he),西(xi)枕(zhen)梁山(shan),芝水環(huan)繞,屹立于懸崖峭壁之(zhi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang),氣(qi)勢(shi)雄(xiong)偉(wei)(wei)壯觀。經過芝陽(yang)橋,直通祠(ci)、墓(mu)(mu)(mu)前(qian),路(lu)用大(da)石輔設,依山(shan)勢(shi)坡度逐級(ji)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)升(sheng)。大(da)路(lu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)有“漢(han)太史(shi)(shi)(shi)公(gong)祠(ci)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)”牌(pai)坊(fang)。祠(ci)用磚(zhuan)(zhuan)石依山(shan)勢(shi)筑成(cheng)四個高(gao)臺(tai),面積一(yi)個比一(yi)個廣大(da)。每個高(gao)臺(tai)之(zhi)間有石級(ji)相連,層(ceng)(ceng)層(ceng)(ceng)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)升(sheng),前(qian)面三個臺(tai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)都有建(jian)筑物,最后(hou)一(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)是磚(zhuan)(zhuan)砌的(de)司(si)馬(ma)遷(qian)(qian)(qian)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)。墓(mu)(mu)(mu)圓(yuan)形(xing),系(xi)元(yuan)代(dai)修(xiu)建(jian)。墓(mu)(mu)(mu)前(qian)有清乾(qian)隆年間畢沅題“漢(han)太史(shi)(shi)(shi)公(gong)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)”墓(mu)(mu)(mu)碑,上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)有古(gu)(gu)柏,蟠若蛟龍。在太史(shi)(shi)(shi)公(gong)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)第三臺(tai)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)砌的(de)牌(pai)坊(fang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)題有“河(he)山(shan)之(zhi)陽(yang)”四個字(zi),系(xi)出(chu)自(zi)司(si)馬(ma)遷(qian)(qian)(qian)自(zi)傳(chuan)中(zhong)“耕牧河(he)山(shan)之(zhi)陽(yang)”之(zhi)句。祠(ci)廟正(zheng)殿(dian)有司(si)馬(ma)遷(qian)(qian)(qian)塑像,方(fang)臉,長(chang)須,兩眉(mei)入鬢,現出(chu)嚴肅抱負(fu)不凡的(de)氣(qi)概。1957年,對(dui)祠(ci)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)進(jin)行(xing)了重新整修(xiu)。
拜祭司馬遷墓和祠
韓城(cheng)(cheng),是西漢(han)時期(qi)的大史學家司(si)馬(ma)(ma)遷的故里(li),在韓城(cheng)(cheng)南(nan)邊(bian)十公里(li)處的芝川鎮東南(nan)高崗上,有司(si)馬(ma)(ma)遷的墓(mu)和祠。
作為(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)個從事多年文(wen)史工作的(de)(de)我(wo)來(lai)說,這里就是我(wo)的(de)(de)圣地(di),我(wo)一(yi)(yi)生(sheng)中至(zhi)少應該有一(yi)(yi)次到(dao)這里來(lai)朝圣。司(si)馬(ma)遷(qian)是西漢時的(de)(de)史學(xue)家,距離今天已(yi)(yi)經有兩千多年了(le)。可因其所著的(de)(de)《史記(ji)》,他(ta)(ta)因而(er)長久(jiu)地(di)存在于這個世界上,聯合國科(ke)教(jiao)文(wen)組織把(ba)他(ta)(ta)列為(wei)(wei)了(le)世界歷史文(wen)化名(ming)人(ren)。一(yi)(yi)無論(lun)古今中外,在對人(ren)的(de)(de)認(ren)知上,總有一(yi)(yi)個十分遺憾的(de)(de)歷程(cheng),就是很多才(cai)華卓著,對文(wen)化貢獻極大之(zhi)人(ren),在生(sheng)前都是備受磨難,而(er)總是在他(ta)(ta)死(si)后,他(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)價值(zhi)才(cai)被世界逐漸認(ren)可,斯時,其人(ren)的(de)(de)生(sheng)命個體,早已(yi)(yi)化為(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)縷輕煙,消散的(de)(de)無影無蹤了(le)。司(si)馬(ma)遷(qian)就是一(yi)(yi)典型例
子君殿
從司(si)馬古道西上(shang),游人(ren)(ren)踏上(shang)攀登(deng)祠(ci)墓(mu)的(de)臺(tai)階,歷經九十九級,才抵山門(men)。山階間,一木制牌(pai)坊(fang)上(shang)書(shu)高(gao)山仰止”,一磚(zhuan)(zhuan)砌牌(pai)坊(fang)上(shang)書(shu)“河山之陽”。登(deng)上(shang)山門(men)回(hui)首(shou),黃(huang)(huang)河腳(jiao)下流,祠(ci)墓(mu)梁(liang)山枕(zhen),山河懷抱,川(chuan)塬如(ru)畫。史(shi)(shi)學(xue)傳千(qian)古,神威鎮一峰(feng)。祠(ci)院古柏參(can)天(tian)(tian),殿(dian)中(zhong)(zhong)碑(bei)(bei)石林立。碑(bei)(bei)石以諸遂良的(de)“夢碑(bei)(bei)”和郭沫若的(de)詩碑(bei)(bei)最為著名。郭沫若的(de)五律詩氣勢磅礴,情真意切:“龍(long)門(men)有靈秀,鐘毓(yu)人(ren)(ren)中(zhong)(zhong)龍(long)。學(xue)殖(zhi)空前富(fu),文章曠代雄。憐才膺斧鉞(yue),吐氣作霓虹。功(gong)業(ye)追尼父,千(qian)秋(qiu)太史(shi)(shi)公。”律詩碑(bei)(bei)拓成為游人(ren)(ren)必存(cun)之寶(bao)物。祠(ci)廟寢(qin)宮后有司(si)馬遷(qian)墓(mu)。圓型墓(mu)為青磚(zhuan)(zhuan)裹砌,嵌有八(ba)卦磚(zhuan)(zhuan)雕。墓(mu)頂(ding)有一千(qian)年古柏,如(ru)巨(ju)掌撐天(tian)(tian),如(ru)同(tong)太史(shi)(shi)公的(de)崇高(gao)志向,永駐天(tian)(tian)地間。韓城市又(you)將元建(jian)大禹廟、三圣廟及(ji)宋制的(de)河瀆(du)碑(bei)(bei)搬遷(qian)到此,壯(zhuang)大了(le)司(si)馬遷(qian)祠(ci)墓(mu)的(de)古建(jian)規模。同(tong)時,為紀念八(ba)路軍東(dong)渡黃(huang)(huang)河而建(jian)立的(de)“八(ba)路軍東(dong)渡黃(huang)(huang)河出師抗日紀念碑(bei)(bei)”,也為其增(zeng)添了(le)一處亮(liang)色。
歷史
司(si)(si)(si)馬(ma)遷祠墓(mu)始(shi)建(jian)于(yu)公(gong)元310年(nian),歷(li)(li)代曾數次重修(xiu)和擴建(jian),占地十萬余平方米。主體建(jian)筑有寢宮,獻(xian)殿,祠門(men)(men),山(shan)(shan)門(men)(men),牌(pai)坊等(deng)十八座。祠墓(mu)對滔(tao)滔(tao)黃河,西依巍(wei)巍(wei)梁山(shan)(shan),依崖(ya)就勢(shi),氣象萬千,是(shi)陜西省著名的風景(jing)名勝區。韓(han)(han)城(cheng)市南10公(gong)里的芝川鎮,建(jian)有中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)著名史(shi)(shi)學(xue)家(jia)司(si)(si)(si)馬(ma)遷的祠墓(mu)。司(si)(si)(si)馬(ma)遷于(yu)公(gong)元前145年(nian)生于(yu)韓(han)(han)城(cheng)(古稱(cheng)夏陽)農(nong)村,其父司(si)(si)(si)馬(ma)談任(ren)西漢(han)太(tai)史(shi)(shi)令(ling)。他從10歲(sui)(sui)起便苦讀典籍(ji),20歲(sui)(sui)后(hou)歷(li)(li)游江淮名地,考察史(shi)(shi)料,走訪民間。后(hou)來(lai)繼承父業任(ren)太(tai)史(shi)(shi)令(ling),掌管文書,記(ji)載史(shi)(shi)事(shi)。他42歲(sui)(sui)時開始(shi)撰寫《史(shi)(shi)記(ji)》,48歲(sui)(sui)時因(yin)李(li)陵(ling)一案受牽連,殘遭漢(han)武帝的宮刑(xing)。出(chu)獄后(hou)做中(zhong)(zhong)書令(ling),筆耕不輟,歷(li)(li)經16年(nian)完成巨(ju)著《史(shi)(shi)記(ji)》,全書包(bao)括(kuo)十二“本紀”、十“表”、八“書”、三十“世家(jia)”、七十“列(lie)傳”。共130篇的歷(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)巨(ju)著——《史(shi)(shi)記(ji)》,又(you)名《太(tai)史(shi)(shi)公(gong)書》,長達52萬字。楊(yang)雄稱(cheng)贊司(si)(si)(si)馬(ma)遷“其文直,其事(shi)核(he),不虛美,不隱(yin)惡(e),故謂之(zhi)實錄。”這是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)第(di)一部通史(shi)(shi),影(ying)響極(ji)其深遠。
建筑
司(si)(si)馬(ma)(ma)遷(qian)(qian)祠墓(mu)建(jian)筑(zhu)群自(zi)下至(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)(shang)迭有坊(fang)矗立(li)坡(po)下東(dong)北方豎一木牌坊(fang)系(xi)(xi)(xi)清(qing)代重建(jian),上(shang)(shang)書(shu)(shu)(shu)“漢太(tai)(tai)(tai)史司(si)(si)馬(ma)(ma)祠”六個大(da)字。由此沿(yan)坡(po)上(shang)(shang)行,經太(tai)(tai)(tai)公廟(miao)至(zhi)(zhi)岔道(dao)(dao)(dao)口,坡(po)南有平臺之(zhi)地(di),建(jian)有新(xin)遷(qian)(qian)的元(yuan)代建(jian)筑(zhu)“禹(yu)王廟(miao)”、“彰(zhang)耀寺”、“三(san)圣廟(miao)”等,現已辟為(wei)展室。自(zi)岔道(dao)(dao)(dao)而上(shang)(shang),又有一牌坊(fang),系(xi)(xi)(xi)元(yuan)明建(jian)筑(zhu)物(wu),上(shang)(shang)書(shu)(shu)(shu)“高(gao)山仰止(zhi)”四字,喻(yu)司(si)(si)馬(ma)(ma)遷(qian)(qian)德(de)高(gao)如(ru)山,世人至(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)敬仰,從此迤(yi)邐而上(shang)(shang),牌坊(fang)上(shang)(shang)書(shu)(shu)(shu)“河山之(zhi)陽”四字,語出《太(tai)(tai)(tai)史公自(zi)序》遷(qian)(qian)生龍(long)門(men),耕牧河山之(zhi)陽。走完99級臺階登道(dao)(dao)(dao)就進(jin)入(ru)了(le)祠院,祠院大(da)門(men)上(shang)(shang)書(shu)(shu)(shu)“太(tai)(tai)(tai)史祠”寢宮,古柏參(can)天(tian),環境幽靜,置身其(qi)中,如(ru)登青云,如(ru)臨仙境。司(si)(si)馬(ma)(ma)遷(qian)(qian)祠墓(mu)獻殿是祭祀時(shi)陳列祭器,致(zhi)敬盡禮的地(di)方。寢宮在獻殿之(zhi)后,建(jian)于北宋(song)(song)宣(1125年)。宮正中有一尊司(si)(si)馬(ma)(ma)遷(qian)(qian)全身坐(zuo)像,長須飄拂,兩眉入(ru)鬢,神態逼(bi)真,栩(xu)栩(xu)如(ru)生,現出嚴肅和抱負不凡之(zhi)氣概。祠內碑石林立(li),為(wei)宋(song)(song)、金、元(yuan)、明、清(qing)各代名人憑吊(diao)吟詠之(zhi)作(zuo),詩文(wen)雅健,書(shu)(shu)(shu)法挺秀。祠后為(wei)司(si)(si)馬(ma)(ma)遷(qian)(qian)墓(mu),如(ru)筑(zhu)于西(xi)晉嘉4年(310)經金、元(yuan)、清(qing)四次修(xiu)葺,至(zhi)(zhi)今完好。墓(mu)系(xi)(xi)(xi)磚砌,呈圓(yuan)形,高(gao)2.15米(mi),周(zhou)(zhou)長13.19米(mi)。墓(mu)壁(bi)周(zhou)(zhou)圍嵌(qian)有磚雕八卦圖案和花卉(hui)圖案16幅,墓(mu)頂(ding)古柏一株(zhu),樹分(fen)五(wu)枝(zhi),枝(zhi)干蒼勁,盤若蛟龍(long)。墓(mu)前豎立(li)著一塊石碑,上(shang)(shang)刻“漢太(tai)(tai)(tai)史司(si)(si)馬(ma)(ma)公墓(mu)”,為(wei)清(qing)乾隆(long)陜西(xi)巡撫畢沅(yuan)題書(shu)(shu)(shu)。20 世紀 50年代以來,國(guo)家撥款(kuan)進(jin)行了(le) 3次大(da)維修(xiu)。1979年成立(li)了(le)司(si)(si)馬(ma)(ma)遷(qian)(qian)祠墓(mu)文(wen)物(wu)管(guan)理(li)所。