簡介
沁陽北大(da)(da)寺(si)全(quan)國重點文物(wu)保護單(dan)位(wei),明(ming)清(qing)清(qing)真寺(si)古建筑。位(wei)于河南省沁陽市(shi)市(shi)區自治街中段。創建年代未(wei)詳(xiang),明(ming)萬歷八年(1580年)重修,清(qing)代增建并重修。沁陽清(qing)真寺(si)俗稱(cheng)北大(da)(da)寺(si)。坐西(xi)朝東(dong),分男(nan)寺(si)、女寺(si)。占(zhan)地面積約3100平方米。女寺(si)為多座硬(ying)山(shan)灰瓦頂建筑。男(nan)寺(si)規模大(da)(da),現存大(da)(da)門(men)、過廳(ting)、南北講堂、拜殿(dian)等(deng),大(da)(da)門(men)面闊(kuo)三間,進深二間,懸山(shan)券(quan)棚琉璃瓦頂,檐(yan)下施斗拱(gong)。南、北講堂各三間,由券(quan)棚歇山(shan)頂前殿(dian)、懸山(shan)頂后殿(dian)、樓閣(ge)式窯殿(dian)連接(jie)而成,琉璃瓦覆頂,檐(yan)下施斗拱(gong),脊飾異常精美。寺(si)內(nei)存有明(ming)清(qing)碑刻九通。
全國重點文物保護(hu)單(dan)位早春二(er)月(yue),生機盎然。我(wo)從江南慕名來到河(he)南沁陽,瞻仰伊斯蘭教古(gu)寺古(gu)碑。沁陽,舊稱懷慶府,曾出現過司馬懿、韓(han)愈、李商隱、郭熙、張(zhang)渭(wei)、朱載育等歷史名人,還有(you)陳氏太極拳、四(si)大懷藥、懷梆(bang)戲、竹林七(qi)賢、愚公移山等聞名于世。回(hui)族在(zai)沁陽也有(you)悠(you)久的(de)歷史。
歷史
沁陽(yang)北大(da)寺位于沁陽(yang)市老城區西北部,創(chuang)建(jian)于元至正年,明嘉靖四(si)十年重建(jian),清代增建(jian)。現存廈、殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、廳(ting)、 堂與附屬房屋八十余間(jian),占(zhan)地(di)3100多(duo)平米。主(zhu)體(ti)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)呈軸(zhou)(zhou)對稱布局,三(san)進(jin)(jin)三(san)段,內存明清碑(bei)刻通,軸(zhou)(zhou)線建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)自前(qian)(qian)而后(hou)(hou)體(ti)量與高(gao)度逐漸增加,分別以(yi)孔雀藍、綠、黃三(san)彩(cai)琉璃瓦件飾(shi)頂。廈殿(dian)(dian)(dian)設門(men)二道,前(qian)(qian)置柵欄門(men),中設棋盤(pan)門(men)。過廳(ting)為(wei)(wei)單(dan)檐懸山頂,兩(liang)(liang)山半穿斗梁架間(jian)飾(shi)以(yi)壁(bi)畫(hua)。過廳(ting)之(zhi)后(hou)(hou)為(wei)(wei)禮拜殿(dian)(dian)(dian),由客廳(ting)、前(qian)(qian)后(hou)(hou)兩(liang)(liang)重拜殿(dian)(dian)(dian)及(ji)窯(yao)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)組成,其(qi)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)間(jian)均有泄水牽搭,構成一體(ti),縱深(shen)達36米。客廳(ting)為(wei)(wei)卷(juan)棚歇山頂。拜殿(dian)(dian)(dian)由兩(liang)(liang)座(zuo)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)組成。前(qian)(qian)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)(wei)單(dan)檐歇山頂,后(hou)(hou)點為(wei)(wei)單(dan)檐懸山頂,五彩(cai)重昂斗拱,拱眼(yan)壁(bi)飾(shi)以(yi)壁(bi)畫(hua),殿(dian)(dian)(dian)內梁、檁、柱、枋(fang)用材碩大(da),雕梁畫(hua)棟,瀝(li)粉貼金,富麗堂皇。窯(yao)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(主(zhu)殿(dian)(dian)(dian))面闊三(san)件,進(jin)(jin)深(shen)一間(jian),店(dian)內三(san)室頂部分砌三(san)個穹窿頂。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)頂為(wei)(wei)亭塔(ta)式與樓(lou)閣式相結合,飾(shi)以(yi)琉璃件十字脊,獸吻達70多(duo)個,檐下(xia)鑲嵌琉璃枋(fang),拱及(ji)垂蓮(lian)柱,色(se)彩(cai)繽紛,玲瓏多(duo)姿,巍(wei)巍(wei)壯觀,為(wei)(wei)我國伊(yi)斯(si)蘭(lan)古建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)的精華之(zhi)作(zuo),具有較高(gao)的歷史、文化價值。