簡介
沁陽北大寺(si)(si)全國重(zhong)點文(wen)物保(bao)護單位(wei),明清(qing)清(qing)真寺(si)(si)古建(jian)筑。位(wei)于河南(nan)(nan)省沁陽市(shi)市(shi)區(qu)自治街中段。創建(jian)年(nian)代(dai)未詳,明萬歷八年(nian)(1580年(nian))重(zhong)修(xiu),清(qing)代(dai)增(zeng)建(jian)并重(zhong)修(xiu)。沁陽清(qing)真寺(si)(si)俗稱北大寺(si)(si)。坐(zuo)西(xi)朝東,分男寺(si)(si)、女(nv)寺(si)(si)。占地(di)面積約3100平方(fang)米(mi)。女(nv)寺(si)(si)為多座硬山(shan)灰(hui)瓦(wa)(wa)頂(ding)建(jian)筑。男寺(si)(si)規模大,現存大門、過廳(ting)、南(nan)(nan)北講堂、拜殿等(deng),大門面闊三(san)間,進(jin)深二間,懸(xuan)山(shan)券棚琉璃瓦(wa)(wa)頂(ding),檐下施斗拱。南(nan)(nan)、北講堂各三(san)間,由券棚歇山(shan)頂(ding)前殿、懸(xuan)山(shan)頂(ding)后殿、樓閣(ge)式窯(yao)殿連接而成,琉璃瓦(wa)(wa)覆(fu)頂(ding),檐下施斗拱,脊飾(shi)異(yi)常精(jing)美。寺(si)(si)內存有明清(qing)碑刻九(jiu)通。
全國重點文物保護單位(wei)早春二月,生機盎然(ran)。我從江南慕名來到(dao)河南沁(qin)陽,瞻仰伊斯蘭教古(gu)寺(si)古(gu)碑。沁(qin)陽,舊稱懷慶府,曾出(chu)現過(guo)司馬懿、韓(han)愈、李商隱、郭熙(xi)、張渭、朱載育(yu)等歷史名人,還有(you)陳氏太極(ji)拳、四大懷藥、懷梆戲、竹(zhu)林七(qi)賢、愚公移山(shan)等聞名于世(shi)。回族在沁(qin)陽也有(you)悠久的歷史。
歷史
沁(qin)陽(yang)北(bei)大寺(si)位(wei)于(yu)沁(qin)陽(yang)市(shi)老城區西北(bei)部(bu),創(chuang)建于(yu)元至正(zheng)年,明(ming)嘉靖四(si)十(shi)(shi)年重建,清代增(zeng)建。現存(cun)廈(sha)、殿(dian)(dian)、廳、 堂與(yu)附屬房屋八十(shi)(shi)余間(jian)(jian),占地(di)3100多平米。主體建筑呈軸(zhou)對稱布局,三(san)(san)進三(san)(san)段(duan),內(nei)存(cun)明(ming)清碑刻通,軸(zhou)線建筑自前(qian)(qian)(qian)而后體量與(yu)高度(du)逐漸增(zeng)加,分別(bie)以(yi)(yi)孔雀(que)藍、綠、黃三(san)(san)彩琉(liu)璃瓦(wa)件(jian)飾(shi)頂(ding)。廈(sha)殿(dian)(dian)設門(men)二道,前(qian)(qian)(qian)置柵(zha)欄門(men),中設棋盤門(men)。過廳為(wei)(wei)(wei)單(dan)檐(yan)懸(xuan)山(shan)(shan)頂(ding),兩山(shan)(shan)半穿(chuan)斗(dou)(dou)梁架間(jian)(jian)飾(shi)以(yi)(yi)壁畫(hua)。過廳之(zhi)后為(wei)(wei)(wei)禮拜殿(dian)(dian),由客(ke)廳、前(qian)(qian)(qian)后兩重拜殿(dian)(dian)及窯殿(dian)(dian)組成,其建筑間(jian)(jian)均有(you)泄(xie)水牽(qian)搭,構成一(yi)體,縱(zong)深(shen)達(da)36米。客(ke)廳為(wei)(wei)(wei)卷棚歇(xie)山(shan)(shan)頂(ding)。拜殿(dian)(dian)由兩座建筑組成。前(qian)(qian)(qian)殿(dian)(dian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)單(dan)檐(yan)歇(xie)山(shan)(shan)頂(ding),后點為(wei)(wei)(wei)單(dan)檐(yan)懸(xuan)山(shan)(shan)頂(ding),五彩重昂(ang)斗(dou)(dou)拱,拱眼(yan)壁飾(shi)以(yi)(yi)壁畫(hua),殿(dian)(dian)內(nei)梁、檁(lin)、柱、枋(fang)用材碩大,雕梁畫(hua)棟(dong),瀝粉貼金,富麗堂皇。窯殿(dian)(dian)(主殿(dian)(dian))面闊三(san)(san)件(jian),進深(shen)一(yi)間(jian)(jian),店內(nei)三(san)(san)室頂(ding)部(bu)分砌(qi)三(san)(san)個穹(qiong)窿頂(ding)。殿(dian)(dian)頂(ding)為(wei)(wei)(wei)亭塔式與(yu)樓閣式相結合,飾(shi)以(yi)(yi)琉(liu)璃件(jian)十(shi)(shi)字脊(ji),獸吻(wen)達(da)70多個,檐(yan)下(xia)鑲嵌琉(liu)璃枋(fang),拱及垂蓮柱,色彩繽紛(fen),玲瓏多姿,巍巍壯觀,為(wei)(wei)(wei)我國伊斯蘭古建筑的(de)精(jing)華之(zhi)作(zuo),具有(you)較高的(de)歷史、文(wen)化價(jia)值。