邘(yu)(yu)(yu)國是商(shang)代鄂(e)侯(hou)封(feng)地(di)。西周時,鄂(e)侯(hou)南遷,周武王(wang)封(feng)次子邘(yu)(yu)(yu)叔(shu)于此。故(gu)(gu)(gu)《史記》徐廣(guang)注(zhu):"鄂(e)――作邘(yu)(yu)(yu)"。《水經注(zhu)》載(zai):"其(qi)(邘(yu)(yu)(yu))水南流,經邘(yu)(yu)(yu)城(cheng)西,故(gu)(gu)(gu)邘(yu)(yu)(yu)國也。城(cheng)南有邘(yu)(yu)(yu)臺(tai)(tai)。京相璠日,今野王(wang)西北三十里有故(gu)(gu)(gu)邘(yu)(yu)(yu)城(cheng),臺(tai)(tai)是也。"
在邘(yu)國故城(cheng)(cheng)西北還有(you)一小(xiao)城(cheng)(cheng),清代復修(xiu),原設門(men),皆以(yi)磚石(shi)拱券,門(men)額(e)有(you)石(shi)刻(ke),東(dong)曰(yue)"迎旭",南曰(yue)"古邘(yu)城(cheng)(cheng)"。因近年村建城(cheng)(cheng)大(da)部分被拆(chai)除。
邘國故城(cheng)位于沁陽市(shi)西北(bei)(bei)15公里(li)西萬鎮邘邰村東南(nan)。北(bei)(bei)依太(tai)行屏障(zhang),南(nan)瞰沁河平(ping)原(yuan),地(di)勢北(bei)(bei)高南(nan)低。現從地(di)面(mian)上(shang)僅能看(kan)到其(qi)北(bei)(bei)城(cheng)墻及東城(cheng)墻一段,其(qi)余城(cheng)垣(yuan)均夷為(wei)平(ping)地(di)。古邘城(cheng)西北(bei)(bei)角有一高臺(tai)(tai),面(mian)積約1300余平(ping)方(fang)米(mi)(mi),高9米(mi)(mi),相傳姜(jiang)子牙曾在此(ci)釣魚,故曰"釣魚臺(tai)(tai)"。從僅殘存(cun)的(de)城(cheng)墻看(kan),夯土層為(wei)戰(zhan)國時期(qi),可能是戰(zhan)國時期(qi)古邘國的(de)衛星(xing)城(cheng)或為(wei)統治階(jie)級單獨(du)居住(zhu)的(de)地(di)方(fang)。
邘(yu)(yu)(yu)國(guo)故城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)分東西(xi)(xi)兩城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),東城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)東西(xi)(xi)長820米,南北寬(kuan)580米,地(di)表(biao)現存(cun)北城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)及東城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)一段,殘(can)高2至(zhi)7米不(bu)等(deng),寬(kuan)17至(zhi)22米。北城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)外(wai)(wai)仍(reng)存(cun)有(you)寬(kuan)40米的(de)(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)壕。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)現為(wei)(wei)(wei)耕(geng)地(di),地(di)下文化層及遺(yi)跡未經擾動,保存(cun)較好(hao)。西(xi)(xi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)位于東城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)西(xi)(xi)北,原有(you)四城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men),南門(men)額為(wei)(wei)(wei)“古邘(yu)(yu)(yu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”,大致呈抹角方形,城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)外(wai)(wai)有(you)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)壕。邘(yu)(yu)(yu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)東100余(yu)米的(de)(de)(de)龍門(men)河(he)西(xi)(xi)岸有(you)一條南北長2.5公里的(de)(de)(de)防洪堤防,筑于西(xi)(xi)周,是(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)防控龍門(men)河(he)洪水對邘(yu)(yu)(yu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)危(wei)害而修(xiu)筑的(de)(de)(de)人工堤防。古籍《列時邘(yu)(yu)(yu)國(guo)圖》也(ye)繪制有(you)其城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)布局(ju)。此外(wai)(wai),邘(yu)(yu)(yu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)周圍還(huan)發現有(you)大量商、春秋、戰國(guo)、及漢代時期的(de)(de)(de)墓葬群,與(yu)邘(yu)(yu)(yu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)存(cun)在著密切(qie)的(de)(de)(de)聯系。
加強對邘國故(gu)城的保護,為研究古代城址及邘姓起源(yuan)提供了重要的實物(wu)資料。
2013年5月(yue),被國務院核定公布為第七批全國重點文(wen)物保護單位。