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遺址概況

府(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)位于河南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)省(sheng)焦作(zuo)市西(xi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)郊10公里處(chu)的府(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)村西(xi)北(bei)部(bu)(bu)的臺地上，東(dong)西(xi)走向長(chang)(chang)(chang)約(yue)280米(mi)，南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)北(bei)走向長(chang)(chang)(chang)約(yue)300米(mi)，面(mian)積近10萬平(ping)方(fang)米(mi)。是(shi)一(yi)(yi)處(chu)底蘊(yun)豐厚(hou)、內涵豐富、集多個(ge)(ge)(ge)歷(li)史時期的文(wen)(wen)(wen)化遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。 該遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的重要部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)是(shi)早商(shang)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化遺(yi)存(cun)(cun)，分(fen)(fen)布于遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的中(zhong)部(bu)(bu)，目前已(yi)經(jing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)(xian)的遺(yi)跡有城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、宮殿(dian)基(ji)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、房基(ji)、灰坑等(deng)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)平(ping)面(mian)成方(fang)形(xing)，周長(chang)(chang)(chang)約(yue)1200米(mi)，西(xi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)和(he)北(bei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)保存(cun)(cun)較好，長(chang)(chang)(chang)度(du)約(yue)為(wei)(wei)300米(mi)，地面(mian)暴露的部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)高為(wei)(wei)2-3米(mi)，分(fen)(fen)層明顯。在城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)部(bu)(bu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)(xian)4處(chu)宮殿(dian)基(ji)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，其中(zhong)一(yi)(yi)號宮殿(dian)基(ji)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)位于城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)北(bei)部(bu)(bu)，平(ping)面(mian)為(wei)(wei)長(chang)(chang)(chang)方(fang)形(xing)，南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)北(bei)長(chang)(chang)(chang)70米(mi)，東(dong)西(xi)寬(kuan)50米(mi)，分(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)北(bei)兩個(ge)(ge)(ge)院(yuan)落，由南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)殿(dian)、正殿(dian)、北(bei)殿(dian)與(yu)東(dong)回(hui)廊、西(xi)回(hui)廊構(gou)成一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)封閉性的組群建筑，這種建筑結構(gou)在商(shang)代考(kao)古中(zhong)發(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)(xian)。經(jing)考(kao)證，府(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)處(chu)商(shang)代早期軍(jun)事重鎮。府(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)商(shang)代早期城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)河南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)繼鄭州商(shang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和(he)偃師商(shang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之后又一(yi)(yi)重要發(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)(xian)，對研究夏商(shang)周斷代以及夏商(shang)周的政治、經(jing)濟、軍(jun)事、文(wen)(wen)(wen)化等(deng)具(ju)有重要價值。1999年被(bei)《中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)報》評(ping)為(wei)(wei)全國(guo)(guo)十大考(kao)古新發(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)(xian)之一(yi)(yi)。2001年6月，府(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)國(guo)(guo)務院(yuan)公布為(wei)(wei)第五(wu)批全國(guo)(guo)重點文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)保護單(dan)位。

遺址保護

府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)工(gong)作(zuo)應在(zai)(zai)如下幾個方面抓緊進行(xing):(1)成(cheng)立由(you)市政府(fu)(fu)主(zhu)要領導(dao)(dao)牽頭(tou),建(jian)設、規(gui)劃、文(wen)化(文(wen)物)、公安(an)、土地(di)、環保(bao)(bao)(bao)、工(gong)商(shang)(shang)、交通、水利(li)、旅游、園林以(yi)及(ji)當地(di)區(qu)、鄉政府(fu)(fu)、所在(zai)(zai)村等部門主(zhu)要領導(dao)(dao)參(can)加(jia)的(de)(de)(de)府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)規(gui)劃、保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)利(li)用領導(dao)(dao)小(xiao)組(zu),協調解決(jue)府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)管(guan)理(li)中的(de)(de)(de)重大問題。(2)設立焦(jiao)作(zuo)府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)物保(bao)(bao)(bao)管(guan)所,具體(ti)負責城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)、管(guan)理(li)、維修(xiu)、綠化、宣傳等項(xiang)工(gong)作(zuo),防止新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)破壞(huai)事件發生(sheng)。(3)按照(zhao)省政府(fu)(fu)1989年(nian)12月公布的(de)(de)(de)府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)范(fan)圍(wei),立即(ji)在(zai)(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)重點保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)、一般保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)重新(xin)樹(shu)立標志牌和(he)埋設界樁。(4)責成(cheng)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)所在(zai)(zai)地(di)朱村鄉政府(fu)(fu)和(he)府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)、啟心村委領導(dao)(dao)充實基層保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)組(zu)織(zhi),并(bing)采取有力措施(shi),嚴禁(jin)農民在(zai)(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)上及(ji)兩側種(zhong)田(tian)、開荒(huang)、取土、挖沙(sha),嚴禁(jin)在(zai)(zai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)范(fan)圍(wei)內建(jian)筑(zhu)、筑(zhu)墳、打井(jing)、深翻土地(di)。文(wen)物主(zhu)管(guan)部門負責對此情況進行(xing)檢查(cha)和(he)指導(dao)(dao),及(ji)時解決(jue)問題。(5)對城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)內外(wai)進行(xing)考古鉆探,搞清宗廟、街道、作(zuo)坊、墓地(di)等總體(ti)布局(ju)。(6)制定《焦(jiao)作(zuo)府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)早商(shang)(shang)城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)管(guan)理(li)辦法(fa)》并(bing)由(you)焦(jiao)作(zuo)市人民政府(fu)(fu)加(jia)以(yi)公布實施(shi),使該(gai)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)法(fa)制化。