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遺址概況

府(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)位(wei)于(yu)(yu)河(he)南省焦作市(shi)西(xi)南郊10公里(li)處(chu)(chu)的府(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)村(cun)西(xi)北(bei)部(bu)(bu)的臺地(di)上，東(dong)西(xi)走(zou)(zou)向長(chang)(chang)約(yue)280米(mi)(mi)，南北(bei)走(zou)(zou)向長(chang)(chang)約(yue)300米(mi)(mi)，面(mian)積近10萬平方米(mi)(mi)。是一(yi)處(chu)(chu)底蘊豐厚、內涵豐富、集多個歷史(shi)時期(qi)的文(wen)化遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。 該遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的重要(yao)部(bu)(bu)分是早(zao)(zao)商(shang)(shang)文(wen)化遺(yi)存，分布于(yu)(yu)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的中(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)(bu)，目前已經發(fa)現(xian)(xian)(xian)的遺(yi)跡有(you)城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、宮(gong)殿(dian)(dian)基(ji)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、房基(ji)、灰坑等。城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)平面(mian)成方形，周(zhou)長(chang)(chang)約(yue)1200米(mi)(mi)，西(xi)城(cheng)(cheng)墻和(he)北(bei)城(cheng)(cheng)墻保(bao)存較好，長(chang)(chang)度(du)約(yue)為(wei)300米(mi)(mi)，地(di)面(mian)暴露的部(bu)(bu)分高為(wei)2-3米(mi)(mi)，分層明顯。在(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)(bu)發(fa)現(xian)(xian)(xian)4處(chu)(chu)宮(gong)殿(dian)(dian)基(ji)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，其中(zhong)(zhong)一(yi)號宮(gong)殿(dian)(dian)基(ji)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)位(wei)于(yu)(yu)城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)北(bei)部(bu)(bu)，平面(mian)為(wei)長(chang)(chang)方形，南北(bei)長(chang)(chang)70米(mi)(mi)，東(dong)西(xi)寬50米(mi)(mi)，分為(wei)南北(bei)兩(liang)個院(yuan)落(luo)，由南殿(dian)(dian)、正殿(dian)(dian)、北(bei)殿(dian)(dian)與東(dong)回(hui)(hui)廊(lang)、西(xi)回(hui)(hui)廊(lang)構成一(yi)個封閉性(xing)的組(zu)群建筑，這(zhe)種建筑結構在(zai)商(shang)(shang)代(dai)考古(gu)(gu)中(zhong)(zhong)發(fa)現(xian)(xian)(xian)。經考證，府(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是一(yi)處(chu)(chu)商(shang)(shang)代(dai)早(zao)(zao)期(qi)軍(jun)事(shi)重鎮(zhen)。府(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)商(shang)(shang)代(dai)早(zao)(zao)期(qi)城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是河(he)南繼鄭州商(shang)(shang)城(cheng)(cheng)和(he)偃(yan)師(shi)商(shang)(shang)城(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)后又一(yi)重要(yao)發(fa)現(xian)(xian)(xian)，對研究夏(xia)(xia)商(shang)(shang)周(zhou)斷(duan)代(dai)以(yi)及夏(xia)(xia)商(shang)(shang)周(zhou)的政治、經濟、軍(jun)事(shi)、文(wen)化等具有(you)重要(yao)價值。1999年被(bei)《中(zhong)(zhong)國文(wen)物報》評為(wei)全(quan)國十大考古(gu)(gu)新發(fa)現(xian)(xian)(xian)之(zhi)一(yi)。2001年6月，府(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)國務院(yuan)公布為(wei)第五(wu)批全(quan)國重點文(wen)物保(bao)護單(dan)位(wei)。

遺址保護

府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)址(zhi)的保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)工作(zuo)(zuo)應在(zai)(zai)如(ru)下(xia)幾個方面(mian)抓(zhua)緊進行(xing)(xing):(1)成(cheng)立由市政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)主(zhu)(zhu)要領導(dao)牽頭,建設、規劃(hua)、文(wen)化(文(wen)物)、公(gong)安、土(tu)地、環保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)、工商(shang)、交通(tong)、水利、旅(lv)游、園林以及(ji)(ji)當地區(qu)(qu)、鄉(xiang)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)、所(suo)在(zai)(zai)村(cun)等(deng)部門主(zhu)(zhu)要領導(dao)參加的府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)址(zhi)規劃(hua)、保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)利用領導(dao)小組,協調解決府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)址(zhi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)管(guan)理中的重大問題。(2)設立焦作(zuo)(zuo)府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)址(zhi)文(wen)物保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管(guan)所(suo),具(ju)體(ti)負(fu)責(ze)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)的保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、管(guan)理、維修、綠化、宣(xuan)傳等(deng)項工作(zuo)(zuo),防(fang)止新的破壞(huai)事件發生。(3)按(an)照省政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)1989年(nian)12月公(gong)布(bu)的府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)址(zhi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)范圍(wei),立即在(zai)(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)重點保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)、一(yi)般保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)重新樹(shu)立標(biao)志牌和(he)埋設界樁。(4)責(ze)成(cheng)遺(yi)址(zhi)所(suo)在(zai)(zai)地朱村(cun)鄉(xiang)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)和(he)府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、啟心村(cun)委領導(dao)充(chong)實基層(ceng)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)組織,并采取(qu)有(you)力(li)措施(shi),嚴禁農民(min)在(zai)(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻上及(ji)(ji)兩側種(zhong)田、開荒、取(qu)土(tu)、挖沙(sha),嚴禁在(zai)(zai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)范圍(wei)內建筑、筑墳、打井(jing)、深(shen)翻土(tu)地。文(wen)物主(zhu)(zhu)管(guan)部門負(fu)責(ze)對此情況進行(xing)(xing)檢查和(he)指導(dao),及(ji)(ji)時解決問題。(5)對城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)內外進行(xing)(xing)考古鉆探,搞清宗廟、街道、作(zuo)(zuo)坊(fang)、墓地等(deng)總體(ti)布(bu)局(ju)。(6)制定《焦作(zuo)(zuo)府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)早商(shang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)管(guan)理辦法(fa)》并由焦作(zuo)(zuo)市人民(min)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)加以公(gong)布(bu)實施(shi),使該遺(yi)址(zhi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)法(fa)制化。