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遺址概況

府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)位(wei)于(yu)河南(nan)省焦(jiao)作市(shi)西南(nan)郊10公(gong)(gong)里處(chu)的(de)(de)(de)府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)村(cun)西北(bei)部(bu)的(de)(de)(de)臺(tai)地上(shang)，東(dong)西走向(xiang)長(chang)(chang)約280米(mi)，南(nan)北(bei)走向(xiang)長(chang)(chang)約300米(mi)，面(mian)積近10萬(wan)平方(fang)(fang)米(mi)。是(shi)一處(chu)底蘊豐(feng)厚(hou)、內涵豐(feng)富、集(ji)多個(ge)歷史時期的(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)化遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)。 該遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要部(bu)分(fen)(fen)是(shi)早商(shang)文(wen)(wen)化遺(yi)(yi)(yi)存，分(fen)(fen)布于(yu)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)，目前已經(jing)發現(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)跡(ji)有(you)城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)、宮(gong)殿(dian)基址(zhi)(zhi)、房基、灰(hui)坑(keng)等。城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)平面(mian)成方(fang)(fang)形(xing)，周(zhou)(zhou)長(chang)(chang)約1200米(mi)，西城(cheng)(cheng)墻和北(bei)城(cheng)(cheng)墻保存較好，長(chang)(chang)度約為300米(mi)，地面(mian)暴露的(de)(de)(de)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)高為2-3米(mi)，分(fen)(fen)層明(ming)顯。在(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)發現(xian)(xian)4處(chu)宮(gong)殿(dian)基址(zhi)(zhi)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)，其中(zhong)(zhong)一號(hao)宮(gong)殿(dian)基址(zhi)(zhi)位(wei)于(yu)城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)北(bei)部(bu)，平面(mian)為長(chang)(chang)方(fang)(fang)形(xing)，南(nan)北(bei)長(chang)(chang)70米(mi)，東(dong)西寬50米(mi)，分(fen)(fen)為南(nan)北(bei)兩個(ge)院(yuan)(yuan)落，由南(nan)殿(dian)、正殿(dian)、北(bei)殿(dian)與(yu)東(dong)回廊、西回廊構成一個(ge)封(feng)閉性的(de)(de)(de)組群建筑，這(zhe)種(zhong)建筑結構在(zai)商(shang)代(dai)考(kao)古(gu)中(zhong)(zhong)發現(xian)(xian)。經(jing)考(kao)證，府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)一處(chu)商(shang)代(dai)早期軍(jun)事重(zhong)(zhong)鎮。府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)商(shang)代(dai)早期城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)河南(nan)繼(ji)鄭(zheng)州(zhou)商(shang)城(cheng)(cheng)和偃師商(shang)城(cheng)(cheng)之后又一重(zhong)(zhong)要發現(xian)(xian)，對研究夏(xia)商(shang)周(zhou)(zhou)斷代(dai)以及夏(xia)商(shang)周(zhou)(zhou)的(de)(de)(de)政治、經(jing)濟(ji)、軍(jun)事、文(wen)(wen)化等具有(you)重(zhong)(zhong)要價值。1999年(nian)被(bei)《中(zhong)(zhong)國文(wen)(wen)物報》評為全國十大(da)考(kao)古(gu)新(xin)發現(xian)(xian)之一。2001年(nian)6月，府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)國務院(yuan)(yuan)公(gong)(gong)布為第(di)五批全國重(zhong)(zhong)點文(wen)(wen)物保護單位(wei)。

遺址保護

府城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)(yi)址的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)工(gong)作應在如(ru)下幾個方(fang)面(mian)抓緊進(jin)(jin)行:(1)成(cheng)立(li)由市政府主要(yao)領(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)牽頭,建(jian)設(she)、規劃(hua)、文(wen)(wen)化(文(wen)(wen)物(wu))、公(gong)安、土地、環(huan)保(bao)(bao)、工(gong)商、交(jiao)通、水利、旅游、園林以(yi)及當地區(qu)(qu)、鄉(xiang)政府、所(suo)在村等(deng)部(bu)門(men)主要(yao)領(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)參加的(de)(de)府城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)(yi)址規劃(hua)、保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)利用領(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)小組(zu),協調解(jie)決(jue)府城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)(yi)址保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)管理(li)中(zhong)的(de)(de)重(zhong)大問題。(2)設(she)立(li)焦作府城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)(yi)址文(wen)(wen)物(wu)保(bao)(bao)管所(suo),具體(ti)負責城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、管理(li)、維修、綠化、宣(xuan)傳等(deng)項工(gong)作,防止新的(de)(de)破(po)壞事件發生。(3)按(an)照(zhao)省政府1989年(nian)12月公(gong)布的(de)(de)府城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)(yi)址保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)范圍,立(li)即在城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址重(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)、一般保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)重(zhong)新樹立(li)標志牌和(he)埋設(she)界(jie)樁(zhuang)。(4)責成(cheng)遺(yi)(yi)址所(suo)在地朱(zhu)村鄉(xiang)政府和(he)府城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、啟(qi)心村委領(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)充實基層(ceng)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)組(zu)織,并(bing)采取有力(li)措(cuo)施(shi),嚴(yan)禁(jin)農民(min)在城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻上(shang)及兩側種田、開荒、取土、挖(wa)沙,嚴(yan)禁(jin)在保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)范圍內建(jian)筑、筑墳(fen)、打井、深(shen)翻土地。文(wen)(wen)物(wu)主管部(bu)門(men)負責對此情況進(jin)(jin)行檢查(cha)和(he)指(zhi)導(dao)(dao)(dao),及時(shi)解(jie)決(jue)問題。(5)對城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址內外進(jin)(jin)行考古鉆探(tan),搞清宗廟、街(jie)道、作坊、墓(mu)地等(deng)總體(ti)布局。(6)制(zhi)定《焦作府城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)早商城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)管理(li)辦法(fa)》并(bing)由焦作市人民(min)政府加以(yi)公(gong)布實施(shi),使(shi)該(gai)遺(yi)(yi)址保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)法(fa)制(zhi)化。