遺址概況
府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)位(wei)(wei)于(yu)河南(nan)(nan)(nan)省焦作市(shi)西(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)郊10公里處(chu)的(de)(de)(de)府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)村(cun)西(xi)(xi)北(bei)部(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)臺地(di)上,東西(xi)(xi)走向長(chang)約(yue)280米(mi)(mi),南(nan)(nan)(nan)北(bei)走向長(chang)約(yue)300米(mi)(mi),面積近10萬平(ping)方米(mi)(mi)。是(shi)(shi)一處(chu)底蘊豐厚、內(nei)涵(han)豐富、集多個歷史(shi)時期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)文化遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。 該遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)是(shi)(shi)早商(shang)(shang)(shang)文化遺(yi)(yi)(yi)存,分(fen)布于(yu)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)中部(bu)(bu),目(mu)前已經發現(xian)的(de)(de)(de)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)跡有城(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、宮(gong)殿基址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、房(fang)基、灰(hui)坑等。城(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)平(ping)面成方形(xing),周長(chang)約(yue)1200米(mi)(mi),西(xi)(xi)城(cheng)墻和北(bei)城(cheng)墻保(bao)存較好,長(chang)度約(yue)為300米(mi)(mi),地(di)面暴(bao)露的(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)高(gao)為2-3米(mi)(mi),分(fen)層(ceng)明顯。在城(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中部(bu)(bu)發現(xian)4處(chu)宮(gong)殿基址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),其中一號(hao)宮(gong)殿基址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)位(wei)(wei)于(yu)城(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)北(bei)部(bu)(bu),平(ping)面為長(chang)方形(xing),南(nan)(nan)(nan)北(bei)長(chang)70米(mi)(mi),東西(xi)(xi)寬50米(mi)(mi),分(fen)為南(nan)(nan)(nan)北(bei)兩個院落,由南(nan)(nan)(nan)殿、正殿、北(bei)殿與東回廊、西(xi)(xi)回廊構(gou)成一個封閉性的(de)(de)(de)組群建筑(zhu)(zhu),這種建筑(zhu)(zhu)結構(gou)在商(shang)(shang)(shang)代(dai)考古(gu)(gu)中發現(xian)。經考證,府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)一處(chu)商(shang)(shang)(shang)代(dai)早期(qi)軍(jun)事(shi)重鎮。府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)商(shang)(shang)(shang)代(dai)早期(qi)城(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)河南(nan)(nan)(nan)繼鄭州商(shang)(shang)(shang)城(cheng)和偃師商(shang)(shang)(shang)城(cheng)之(zhi)后(hou)又一重要(yao)(yao)發現(xian),對(dui)研究夏商(shang)(shang)(shang)周斷(duan)代(dai)以及夏商(shang)(shang)(shang)周的(de)(de)(de)政治、經濟(ji)、軍(jun)事(shi)、文化等具有重要(yao)(yao)價值。1999年被《中國(guo)文物(wu)報》評(ping)為全(quan)國(guo)十大考古(gu)(gu)新發現(xian)之(zhi)一。2001年6月,府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被國(guo)務院公布為第五(wu)批全(quan)國(guo)重點文物(wu)保(bao)護(hu)單位(wei)(wei)。
遺址保護
府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)工作(zuo)應在(zai)(zai)如下幾個方面抓緊進行(xing):(1)成立(li)由市政府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)主(zhu)要領(ling)導牽(qian)頭,建(jian)設(she)、規劃、文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(文(wen)物)、公(gong)(gong)安、土(tu)地、環(huan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)、工商(shang)、交通(tong)、水(shui)利、旅游、園林以及(ji)當地區(qu)、鄉政府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)、所(suo)在(zai)(zai)村等部(bu)門主(zhu)要領(ling)導參加的(de)(de)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)規劃、保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)利用領(ling)導小組,協調解(jie)決府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)管理(li)中的(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)大問題。(2)設(she)立(li)焦(jiao)作(zuo)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)物保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管所(suo),具體(ti)(ti)負(fu)責城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)、管理(li)、維修、綠化(hua)(hua)(hua)、宣傳等項工作(zuo),防止新的(de)(de)破壞事件發生。(3)按照省政府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)1989年12月公(gong)(gong)布的(de)(de)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)范圍(wei),立(li)即在(zai)(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)、一般保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)重(zhong)(zhong)新樹(shu)立(li)標志牌(pai)和埋設(she)界樁。(4)責成遺址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)在(zai)(zai)地朱村鄉政府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)和府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、啟心(xin)村委領(ling)導充實基層保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)組織,并(bing)采取有力(li)措施(shi),嚴禁農民(min)在(zai)(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)上及(ji)兩(liang)側(ce)種(zhong)田、開荒、取土(tu)、挖沙(sha),嚴禁在(zai)(zai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)范圍(wei)內建(jian)筑、筑墳、打井、深(shen)翻(fan)土(tu)地。文(wen)物主(zhu)管部(bu)門負(fu)責對此情(qing)況進行(xing)檢查和指(zhi)導,及(ji)時解(jie)決問題。(5)對城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)內外進行(xing)考古鉆探(tan),搞清宗廟(miao)、街道、作(zuo)坊、墓地等總體(ti)(ti)布局。(6)制定《焦(jiao)作(zuo)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)早商(shang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)管理(li)辦法》并(bing)由焦(jiao)作(zuo)市人民(min)政府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)加以公(gong)(gong)布實施(shi),使該遺址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)法制化(hua)(hua)(hua)。