芒果视频下载

自然生態環境和人文歷史因素

（1）土(tu)壤地(di)(di)貌情運城古(gu)稱“河東”，擁有1.4萬(wan)平方公(gong)(gong)里國土(tu)面積，地(di)(di)處(chu)晉陜(shan)豫(yu)黃河金三角地(di)(di)區，與河南省三門(men)峽市(shi)、陜(shan)西省渭南市(shi)隔(ge)河相(xiang)望，是(shi)中(zhong)華民(min)族的(de)重要發祥地(di)(di)之一。運城地(di)(di)理氣候獨特，地(di)(di)處(chu)北緯35°，屬(shu)黃土(tu)高原區，土(tu)層深厚，光(guang)照充(chong)足，雨量適(shi)中(zhong)，無(wu)霜期(qi)長(chang)，海(hai)拔高，溫差大，是(shi)世界上公(gong)(gong)認的(de)最(zui)佳蘋果生產帶；

（2）水(shui)(shui)文情況(kuang)運城蘋果的種植區域水(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)比較豐(feng)富，地下水(shui)(shui)為淡水(shui)(shui)，配套深井，可以將(jiang)黃河水(shui)(shui)引來用于灌溉，符(fu)合國家農用水(shui)(shui)標(biao)準(zhun)。

（3）氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候情(qing)況運城蘋果種植區域的(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候屬暖溫(wen)帶(dai)大陸(lu)性(xing)半(ban)濕潤(run)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候，年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)13.8℃。年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)日照為2366.2小(xiao)時，≥10℃的(de)有(you)效積(ji)溫(wen)在(zai)3900～4600℃之(zhi)間，全年(nian)無霜期平(ping)均(jun)在(zai)188～238天之(zhi)間，年(nian)均(jun)降(jiang)雨量(liang)535～625毫(hao)米之(zhi)間，完(wan)全符合優質蘋果的(de)獨(du)特(te)生長(chang)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候條件。

地域范圍

運(yun)城(cheng)蘋果(guo)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)地(di)理標志地(di)域保護范圍(wei)為(wei)鹽(yan)湖區三路里(li)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、金井鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、馮村鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、王范鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、上(shang)(shang)郭(guo)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、上(shang)(shang)王鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)；萬榮縣(xian)解店鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、通化鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、漢薛(xue)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、榮河(he)(he)(he)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、萬泉鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)；里(li)望鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、西村鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、南(nan)(nan)張鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、高(gao)村鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、皇甫鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、賈村鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、王顯鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、裴莊(zhuang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、光華(hua)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)；臨猗縣(xian)卓里(li)工貿區、閆家(jia)莊(zhuang)工貿區、猗氏鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、嵋陽(yang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、臨晉鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、七級(ji)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、東張鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、孫吉鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、三管鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、耽子(zi)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、牛杜鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、楚侯(hou)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、廟(miao)上(shang)(shang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、角杯(bei)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、北辛鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、北景鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)；永濟市(shi)(shi)開(kai)張鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、栲栳鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、蒲州(zhou)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、張營(ying)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)；河(he)(he)(he)津市(shi)(shi)小梁鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、柴家(jia)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、趙家(jia)莊(zhuang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)；聞(wen)喜縣(xian)桐城(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、郭(guo)家(jia)莊(zhuang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、凹底(di)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、薛(xue)店鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、東鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、李(li)元鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、河(he)(he)(he)底(di)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、陽(yang)隅鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、裴社鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)；稷山縣(xian)化峪鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、翟店鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、清河(he)(he)(he)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、太陽(yang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、柴村鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)；新絳(jiang)縣(xian)北張鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、澤掌(zhang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)；絳(jiang)縣(xian)古(gu)(gu)絳(jiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、橫水鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、陳村鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、衛(wei)莊(zhuang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、么里(li)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、南(nan)(nan)凡鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、安(an)峪鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、大交鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)；垣曲(qu)縣(xian)古(gu)(gu)城(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、英言鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、華(hua)峰鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)；夏縣(xian)瑤峰鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、水頭鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、裴介鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、尉(wei)郭(guo)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、禹王鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、胡張鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、南(nan)(nan)大里(li)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)；平陸(lu)縣(xian)圣人澗鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、常樂(le)(le)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、張店鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、張村鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、洪池(chi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、杜馬(ma)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、部官鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)；芮(rui)城(cheng)縣(xian)古(gu)(gu)魏鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、風陵渡鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、陌南(nan)(nan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、西陌鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、、永樂(le)(le)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、大王鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、陽(yang)城(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、東壚鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、南(nan)(nan)衛(wei)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、學張鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)涉及十(shi)三個(ge)縣(xian)市(shi)(shi)區共(gong)九十(shi)四(si)個(ge)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)，地(di)標為(wei)東經110°15′～112°04′，北緯34°35′～35°50′之間(jian)。東西長約(yue)201.87公(gong)里(li)，南(nan)(nan)北寬約(yue)127.47公(gong)里(li)，生產(chan)面積13.7萬公(gong)頃，年產(chan)量400萬噸。

產品品質特性特征

（1)外(wai)在感(gan)官(guan)特征：85mm蘋(pin)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)為(wei)大型果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，平(ping)均單果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)重220-350克，最大單果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)重500克。果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)多為(wei)圓形(xing)，果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)形(xing)指數0.8左右，果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)型端正高(gao)樁、果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)色鮮艷(yan)、果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)肉白色、口(kou)感(gan)香脆甜爽、汁液多、酸甜可口(kou)、芳香味(wei)濃，無澀感(gan)，果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)面(mian)光潔(jie)細膩、耐儲存。果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)大小一等品(pin)率(lv)80%以上，果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)表面(mian)顏色一等品(pin)率(lv)90%以上。

（2）內在(zai)品質(zhi)：運城(cheng)蘋果含(han)(han)有豐富的營養成分，蛋(dan)白(bai)質(zhi)達0.41%-0.61%，碳水化(hua)合物(wu)含(han)(han)量達12.7-14.9g/100g，水分含(han)(han)量達80.4-88.5g/100g，灰分含(han)(han)量達0.18-0.27g/100g，維生素E0.065-0.090mg/100g,維生素B10.008-0.015mg/100g,可(ke)溶性固形物(wu)含(han)(han)量達12.4-17.1%以上,含(han)(han)鈣3.00-3.34mg/100g；含(han)(han)磷達12-16mg/100g，含(han)(han)鉀達82.6-91.1mg/100g，含(han)(han)鎂達1.40-1.60mg/100g，含(han)(han)銅0.012-1.020mg/100g。

（3）安全要求(qiu):符合有關國家要求(qiu)。

特定生產方式

（1）產地(di)選(xuan)擇與(yu)特殊(shu)內容規定選(xuan)擇地(di)勢較(jiao)平坦、灌溉方便、土(tu)層深厚(hou)、土(tu)質(zhi)疏松(song)、富含(han)有機質(zhi)壤土(tu)或沙壤土(tu)。

（2）品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)選擇與特定(ding)要(yao)求品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)為紅(hong)富(fu)士、嘎啦等品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)，要(yao)求果(guo)面光滑、蠟(la)質多、果(guo)粉少、干凈無果(guo)銹。肉質細密，硬度(du)(du)(du)大，果(guo)汁(zhi)多，味香，含糖高(gao)，酸甜適(shi)度(du)(du)(du)，耐儲運的(de)(de)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)。苗(miao)木要(yao)求脫毒無傷(shang)無凍害的(de)(de)良種(zhong)苗(miao)木中，一般嫁接以(yi)上10㎝處(chu)粗度(du)(du)(du)達到1cm,高(gao)度(du)(du)(du)達到100cm以(yi)上，有少量(liang)(liang)分(fen)枝，毛細根數(shu)量(liang)(liang)多≥20㎝的(de)(de)根系3-5條。。

（3）生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)過(guo)(guo)程管理(li)a.間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)伐(fa)(fa)。對(dui)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)齡在(zai)15年(nian)以(yi)(yi)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)老(lao)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)實(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)隔行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)或(huo)(huo)(huo)隔株(zhu)(zhu)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)株(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)辦(ban)法(fa)(fa)，對(dui)于行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)距小(xiao)于4米(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)喬化(hua)大(da)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，可(ke)(ke)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)隔行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)伐(fa)(fa)；對(dui)株(zhu)(zhu)距小(xiao)于3米(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，實(shi)施(shi)(shi)隔株(zhu)(zhu)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)伐(fa)(fa)。間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)伐(fa)(fa)后(hou)，畝留株(zhu)(zhu)控制(zhi)在(zai)30株(zhu)(zhu)左右，并對(dui)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)伐(fa)(fa)改(gai)(gai)造傷口進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)保護。b.改(gai)(gai)形(xing)(xing)(xing)。抓(zhua)好(hao)(hao)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)體結(jie)構，配置好(hao)(hao)骨干枝(zhi)和結(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)組(zu)，使大(da)、小(xiao)枝(zhi)組(zu)搭配合(he)理(li)、分(fen)布(bu)均勻、勢力平衡的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。改(gai)(gai)形(xing)(xing)(xing)因(yin)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)齡而(er)定(ding)，10年(nian)以(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)細(xi)長(chang)紡(fang)綞(duo)(duo)形(xing)(xing)(xing)或(huo)(huo)(huo)圓柱形(xing)(xing)(xing)；11-15年(nian)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)自(zi)(zi)由紡(fang)綞(duo)(duo)形(xing)(xing)(xing)或(huo)(huo)(huo)改(gai)(gai)良紡(fang)綞(duo)(duo)形(xing)(xing)(xing)；16-20年(nian)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)新改(gai)(gai)良紡(fang)綞(duo)(duo)形(xing)(xing)(xing)或(huo)(huo)(huo)小(xiao)冠(guan)開心形(xing)(xing)(xing)；20年(nian)以(yi)(yi)后(hou)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)開心形(xing)(xing)(xing)；因(yin)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)木的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不同密度(du)而(er)定(ding)，株(zhu)(zhu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)距3×4米(mi)(mi)--以(yi)(yi)自(zi)(zi)由紡(fang)綞(duo)(duo)形(xing)(xing)(xing)為主，4×6米(mi)(mi)--以(yi)(yi)新改(gai)(gai)良紡(fang)綞(duo)(duo)形(xing)(xing)(xing)為主，6×8米(mi)(mi)--以(yi)(yi)小(xiao)冠(guan)開心形(xing)(xing)(xing)為主。d.果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)土(tu)肥水(shui)(shui)(shui)管理(li)。首先是(shi)(shi)(shi)深(shen)翻改(gai)(gai)土(tu)。深(shen)翻要(yao)(yao)(yao)在(zai)8月下(xia)(xia)旬(xun)到9月上(shang)旬(xun)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)結(jie)合(he)施(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)機(ji)肥或(huo)(huo)(huo)秸稈還田時(shi)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)；其次是(shi)(shi)(shi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)草(cao)(cao)或(huo)(huo)(huo)覆(fu)草(cao)(cao)。果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)草(cao)(cao)分(fen)為果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)草(cao)(cao)或(huo)(huo)(huo)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)種草(cao)(cao)；果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)覆(fu)草(cao)(cao)即(ji)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)農作物秸稈或(huo)(huo)(huo)雜草(cao)(cao)在(zai)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)地(di)面覆(fu)蓋(gai)。再次是(shi)(shi)(shi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)施(shi)(shi)肥。增施(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)機(ji)肥，株(zhu)(zhu)施(shi)(shi)20-30公斤；最(zui)(zui)后(hou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)澆(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)。果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)應(ying)在(zai)發(fa)(fa)芽(ya)(ya)前(qian)、幼果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)膨大(da)期(qi)(qi)、果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)土(tu)壤封凍(dong)前(qian)3個時(shi)期(qi)(qi)分(fen)別(bie)灌(guan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)一次。灌(guan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量以(yi)(yi)浸透(tou)根(gen)系分(fen)布(bu)層(ceng)（40-60厘(li)米(mi)(mi)）為準。其它(ta)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)如(ru)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)干旱(han)可(ke)(ke)在(zai)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)小(xiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)溝灌(guan)，旱(han)地(di)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)可(ke)(ke)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)穴貯肥水(shui)(shui)(shui)法(fa)(fa)。e.花(hua)(hua)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)精(jing)細(xi)管理(li)。首先是(shi)(shi)(shi)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)花(hua)(hua)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。要(yao)(yao)(yao)抓(zhua)好(hao)(hao)三疏(shu)(shu)(shu)，即(ji)“疏(shu)(shu)(shu)花(hua)(hua)芽(ya)(ya)、疏(shu)(shu)(shu)花(hua)(hua)朵、疏(shu)(shu)(shu)幼果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)”。疏(shu)(shu)(shu)花(hua)(hua)芽(ya)(ya)應(ying)從冬(dong)春季(ji)(ji)(ji)修剪(jian)(jian)開始(shi)，剪(jian)(jian)去過(guo)(guo)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)花(hua)(hua)芽(ya)(ya)。疏(shu)(shu)(shu)花(hua)(hua)朵應(ying)在(zai)花(hua)(hua)序分(fen)離期(qi)(qi)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。疏(shu)(shu)(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)于開花(hua)(hua)后(hou)10天(tian)開始(shi)，1個月內完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)；其次是(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)工(gong)授粉(fen)。待(dai)開花(hua)(hua)時(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)毛筆(bi)或(huo)(huo)(huo)鉛筆(bi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)橡皮(pi)頭等工(gong)具進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)點(dian)授初(chu)開的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)心花(hua)(hua)柱頭，每(mei)(mei)(mei)蘸一次花(hua)(hua)粉(fen)可(ke)(ke)授5-10朵花(hua)(hua)，亦可(ke)(ke)在(zai)花(hua)(hua)期(qi)(qi)釋放授粉(fen)昆蟲(chong)--壁蜂，每(mei)(mei)(mei)畝80-100頭，可(ke)(ke)取代(dai)人(ren)工(gong)授粉(fen)。f.果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)套(tao)(tao)袋(dai)(dai)。蘋(pin)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)早中(zhong)熟品種（如(ru)嘎啦、紅星、涼香等）套(tao)(tao)雙(shuang)層(ceng)內黑紙(zhi)(zhi)袋(dai)(dai)，晚熟品種套(tao)(tao)雙(shuang)層(ceng)紙(zhi)(zhi)袋(dai)(dai)或(huo)(huo)(huo)“膜(mo)(mo)(mo)+紙(zhi)(zhi)”雙(shuang)套(tao)(tao)袋(dai)(dai)。蘋(pin)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)套(tao)(tao)袋(dai)(dai)一般最(zui)(zui)好(hao)(hao)選用(yong)(yong)(yong)雙(shuang)層(ceng)紙(zhi)(zhi)袋(dai)(dai)。膜(mo)(mo)(mo)袋(dai)(dai)套(tao)(tao)袋(dai)(dai)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)為謝花(hua)(hua)后(hou)20天(tian)開始(shi)，10天(tian)套(tao)(tao)完(wan)(wan)。紙(zhi)(zhi)袋(dai)(dai)在(zai)花(hua)(hua)后(hou)30天(tian)開始(shi)，10天(tian)內套(tao)(tao)完(wan)(wan)。g.無(wu)(wu)公害(hai)病(bing)蟲(chong)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)。堅持貫徹“預(yu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)為主，綜合(he)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方針(zhen)(zhen)，采用(yong)(yong)(yong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物、物理(li)和化(hua)學(xue)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)，按照病(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展規(gui)律，全面使用(yong)(yong)(yong)無(wu)(wu)殘(can)留、無(wu)(wu)毒害(hai)，對(dui)環境安全的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)礦(kuang)物源、植物源、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物源等農藥，有(you)(you)效控制(zhi)病(bing)蟲(chong)危害(hai)；在(zai)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)配置頻(pin)振式(shi)殺蟲(chong)燈，懸掛性(xing)誘劑(ji)、糖醋(cu)液、粘蟲(chong)板、樹(shu)(shu)(shu)木捆綁、誘蟲(chong)帶（集蟲(chong)板）組(zu)建病(bing)蟲(chong)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)專業隊，統一進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)連片(pian)集中(zhong)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)。有(you)(you)水(shui)(shui)(shui)澆(jiao)條件的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)采取地(di)面種草(cao)(cao)，一般在(zai)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)種草(cao)(cao)，株(zhu)(zhu)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)清耕，種植時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)選擇秋季(ji)(ji)(ji)最(zui)(zui)好(hao)(hao)。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)季(ji)(ji)(ji)節適時(shi)給草(cao)(cao)追肥，并要(yao)(yao)(yao)控制(zhi)高(gao)度(du)，超過(guo)(guo)30厘(li)米(mi)(mi)就刈割，覆(fu)蓋(gai)于樹(shu)(shu)(shu)盤下(xia)(xia)；無(wu)(wu)澆(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)條件果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)采取天(tian)澇生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)草(cao)(cao)、天(tian)旱(han)除草(cao)(cao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)辦(ban)法(fa)(fa)。將自(zi)(zi)然(ran)雜草(cao)(cao)中(zhong)過(guo)(guo)高(gao)過(guo)(guo)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)惡性(xing)雜草(cao)(cao)拔除，留下(xia)(xia)針(zhen)(zhen)葉小(xiao)草(cao)(cao)，高(gao)度(du)控制(zhi)在(zai)30厘(li)米(mi)(mi)以(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)；在(zai)夏季(ji)(ji)(ji)灌(guan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)后(hou)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，將麥(mai)秸、麥(mai)糠、玉米(mi)(mi)秸、雜草(cao)(cao)等覆(fu)蓋(gai)于樹(shu)(shu)(shu)冠(guan)下(xia)(xia)，覆(fu)草(cao)(cao)厚度(du)為25厘(li)米(mi)(mi)以(yi)(yi)上(shang)，上(shang)面壓少量土(tu)，以(yi)(yi)防(fang)(fang)(fang)火災。h.鋪(pu)設反(fan)光(guang)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)。鋪(pu)設反(fan)光(guang)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)宜在(zai)蘋(pin)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)著色期(qi)(qi)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，在(zai)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)下(xia)(xia)先將地(di)面硬枝(zhi)、石(shi)塊(kuai)等雜物清除，并在(zai)下(xia)(xia)袋(dai)(dai)、摘葉等工(gong)序完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)后(hou)，將反(fan)光(guang)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)沿樹(shu)(shu)(shu)冠(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩邊(bian)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)向展開鋪(pu)好(hao)(hao)，并用(yong)(yong)(yong)瓦(wa)(wa)片(pian)壓實(shi)，每(mei)(mei)(mei)幅兩邊(bian)每(mei)(mei)(mei)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隔1.5米(mi)(mi)各(ge)壓一塊(kuai)瓦(wa)(wa)，防(fang)(fang)(fang)止刮(gua)風卷起。

（4）產(chan)(chan)品(pin)收獲及(ji)產(chan)(chan)后(hou)處理(li)(li)規定a適(shi)時(shi)(shi)采(cai)收，采(cai)摘時(shi)(shi)輕拿輕放，避(bi)免(mian)碰壓刺傷。采(cai)收后(hou)分級：指標(biao)參(can)照GB/T10651。包裝：選用(yong)(yong)鈣(gai)塑瓦楞(leng)箱(xiang)和(he)(he)瓦楞(leng)紙箱(xiang)為包裝容(rong)器，其技術要求應符合GB/T13607的(de)規定。貯(zhu)存(cun)：采(cai)收后(hou)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)入(ru)庫保存(cun)，“運(yun)(yun)城蘋果”的(de)冷藏按(an)GB/T8559規定執(zhi)行；氣調貯(zhu)藏按(an)ISO 8682規定執(zhi)行。庫房無異味(wei)。并觀察庫內溫度(du)、濕(shi)度(du)，保證儲(chu)存(cun)安全。不與(yu)有毒、有害物(wu)品(pin)混合存(cun)放。不得(de)使用(yong)(yong)有損“運(yun)(yun)城蘋果”質量的(de)保鮮試劑和(he)(he)材料。b銷售(shou)和(he)(he)運(yun)(yun)輸包裝物(wu)應標(biao)有“運(yun)(yun)城蘋果”地(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)志及(ji)地(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)志圖案，并標(biao)明產(chan)(chan)品(pin)名(ming)稱、數量、產(chan)(chan)地(di)、包裝日期、生產(chan)(chan)單位、保質期、產(chan)(chan)品(pin)質量以及(ji)執(zhi)行標(biao)準(zhun)等(deng)內容(rong)。運(yun)(yun)輸工具清潔衛生，裝卸時(shi)(shi)輕拿輕放，待(dai)運(yun)(yun)時(shi)(shi)，應批次分明、堆碼整齊、環(huan)境(jing)清潔、通風良好。嚴禁烈日暴曬(shai)，注意防凍、防熱，縮短待(dai)運(yun)(yun)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)。

（5）生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)記(ji)錄要求建立運城蘋果(guo)農產(chan)(chan)(chan)品地理標志(zhi)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)檔(dang)案，建立果(guo)品安(an)全質量追溯系統，詳細記(ji)錄生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)操作日期，病蟲害情況(kuang)，技術措施，建立生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)過程記(ji)錄檔(dang)案，記(ji)載(zai)投(tou)入品的名稱、使用(yong)(yong)時間、使用(yong)(yong)目的、使用(yong)(yong)方法(fa)、使用(yong)(yong)量、生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)廠(chang)家等

包裝標識相關規定

明確表述(shu)地(di)域(yu)范圍地(di)理(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)的(de)蘋果生產(chan)經(jing)營者(zhe)，在(zai)產(chan)品(pin)或包裝(zhuang)上使用(yong)已獲登記保護的(de)農產(chan)品(pin)地(di)理(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)，須向登記證書(shu)持有人(ren)提出申請(qing)。并(bing)按照相關要求(qiu)規范生產(chan)和(he)使用(yong)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)，統一采用(yong)產(chan)品(pin)名稱和(he)農產(chan)品(pin)地(di)理(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)公(gong)共標(biao)(biao)(biao)識相結合的(de)標(biao)(biao)(biao)識標(biao)(biao)(biao)注(zhu)方法(fa)。