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基本介紹

清江(jiang)湖(hu)濕(shi)地(di)(di)公園地(di)(di)處(chu)洪江(jiang)市西南部，以清江(jiang)湖(hu)(原托口庫區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu))為主體，以環湖(hu)公路為邊界，總面(mian)積(ji)4.5萬余畝，其中(zhong)濕(shi)地(di)(di)面(mian)積(ji)3.6萬多畝。濕(shi)地(di)(di)公園規劃(hua)建設(she)5大(da)功能區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)，即(ji)濕(shi)地(di)(di)保育區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、濕(shi)地(di)(di)恢復重(zhong)建區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、濕(shi)地(di)(di)宣(xuan)教展(zhan)示區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、合理(li)利用區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、管理(li)服務區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。

地(di)(di)(di)處湖南(nan)省(sheng)西部，洪江(jiang)(jiang)市境內西南(nan)角(jiao)；云貴高(gao)原向江(jiang)(jiang)南(nan)丘陵(ling)過渡(du)地(di)(di)(di)帶(dai)；湘西與黔(qian)東南(nan)交界地(di)(di)(di)。該區(qu)域(yu)，在全(quan)國生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)功能區(qu)劃中(zhong)，定位(wei)為(wei)典型(xing)亞熱帶(dai)生(sheng)物(wu)多樣型(xing)保護區(qu)，長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)流(liu)域(yu)水土保質，水源涵(han)養(yang)及生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)安全(quan)屏(ping)障(zhang)功能區(qu)。其(qi)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)區(qu)位(wei)十分重要。濕地(di)(di)(di)公園建設(she)也是大(da)湘西生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文化旅游圈發展(zhan)的重點內容之一，對于(yu)弘(hong)揚濕地(di)(di)(di)文化，建設(she)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文明具(ju)有顯(xian)著意義(yi)。

清江湖，又稱“小洞庭(ting)”，環境優美，資源(yuan)豐富，是(shi)沅江上游及湘西南(nan)(nan)較大的人工湖和飲用水源(yuan)地，為懷(huai)化地區乃至湖南(nan)(nan)用水安全提供重要保障。

濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地公園(yuan)以清(qing)江湖為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)體，以環湖公路為(wei)(wei)邊境，地理坐標為(wei)(wei)東經109°31′49″—109°40′53″，北(bei)緯27°04′39″—27°09′28″，東西長14.95千(qian)(qian)米(mi)，南北(bei)寬8.92千(qian)(qian)米(mi)，擬建湖南洪(hong)江清(qing)江湖國家(jia)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地公園(yuan)。總(zong)面積3006.5公頃，其(qi)中濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地面積2458.4公頃，濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地率(lv)81.77%。分布有(you)河(he)流濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地和人(ren)工濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地兩個濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地類，永久性河(he)流，洪(hong)泛型(xing)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地，庫(ku)塘(tang)和稻田四(si)個濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地型(xing)，其(qi)主(zhu)體為(wei)(wei)庫(ku)塘(tang)，是典型(xing)的庫(ku)塘(tang)型(xing)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地。

濕地公(gong)園處于沅水(shui)與(yu)渠水(shui)交界處，是(shi)湖南第二(er)(er)大水(shui)系沅水(shui)上游(you)，水(shui)量充沛，濕地公(gong)園內生物(wu)資(zi)源豐富，有(you)(you)維管植物(wu)161科(ke)(ke)535屬815種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中濕地植物(wu)77科(ke)(ke)182屬235種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，有(you)(you)國家(jia)二(er)(er)級(ji)重(zhong)點保護(hu)植物(wu)6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；濕地現集中有(you)(you)野生脊(ji)椎動(dong)物(wu)5綱27目74科(ke)(ke)199種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中魚(yu)類4目9科(ke)(ke)40種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，鳥類13目38科(ke)(ke)102種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，有(you)(you)國家(jia)二(er)(er)級(ji)重(zhong)點保護(hu)動(dong)物(wu)10種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，列入《瀕臨(lin)動(dong)植物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國際貿(mao)易公(gong)約》的物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)18種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。

濕(shi)地(di)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)內(nei)山水(shui)相依，水(shui)天一色，歷史文(wen)化源遠流長，航運與稻(dao)都(dou)文(wen)化底蘊深(shen)厚。濕(shi)地(di)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)所在(zai)地(di)千(qian)年古(gu)(gu)鎮--托口鎮，自古(gu)(gu)以來也是中國中西部地(di)區進入大西南的水(shui)陸(lu)交通咽喉，上達云貴，下(xia)通洞庭(ting)，長江；公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)下(xia)游有全國保存較為完好的明清(qing)古(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)一黔陽古(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)，唐(tang)代詩人王昌(chang)齡曾(ceng)在(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)中芙蓉樓留下(xia)了“一片(pian)冰心在(zai)玉壺(hu)”的千(qian)古(gu)(gu)絕唱；濕(shi)地(di)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)周(zhou)邊，作為中國稻(dao)都(dou)文(wen)化的發(fa)源地(di)之(zhi)一，其野生香米曾(ceng)被(bei)列(lie)入薦京(jing)貢(gong)品還是中國秈型(xing)雜交水(shui)稻(dao)發(fa)源地(di)，袁(yuan)隆平曾(ceng)在(zai)此(ci)成(cheng)功研制出秈型(xing)雜交水(shui)稻(dao)。

“五十里(li)水亞洞庭(ting)，春暖花開觀(guan)清江，千(qian)年古鎮(zhen)隱湖底，芙蓉(rong)樓下送辛(xin)漸。”豐(feng)富的資源，優美的景觀(guan)，深厚的文化，為(wei)濕地公園的建設打下了堅(jian)實的基礎。

濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)建(jian)設(she)將以濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)與(yu)恢(hui)(hui)復(fu)為主(zhu)要(yao)目(mu)標，同時，積極(ji)開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)科(ke)學研究，科(ke)普(pu)(pu)教育和(he)(he)合(he)理(li)(li)(li)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)資源，實(shi)現濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)資源保(bao)護(hu)(hu)與(yu)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)協調(diao)統(tong)一，較大(da)限度的(de)發(fa)揮(hui)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)所具有的(de)生(sheng)態，社會和(he)(he)經濟效益，實(shi)現人(ren)與(yu)自然(ran)的(de)和(he)(he)諧相處，共同發(fa)展(zhan)。濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)總(zong)體規劃以“保(bao)護(hu)(hu)優(you)先，科(ke)學修復(fu)，適(shi)度開(kai)(kai)發(fa)，合(he)理(li)(li)(li)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)”為原(yuan)則，劃分為保(bao)育區(qu)(qu)，恢(hui)(hui)復(fu)重(zhong)(zhong)建(jian)區(qu)(qu)，宣(xuan)教展(zhan)示(shi)(shi)區(qu)(qu)，合(he)理(li)(li)(li)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)區(qu)(qu)和(he)(he)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)服務(wu)區(qu)(qu)五個功能(neng)區(qu)(qu)。濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)保(bao)育區(qu)(qu)面(mian)積2532.5公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)，占濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)總(zong)面(mian)積的(de)84.23%，主(zhu)要(yao)包括清江湖主(zhu)體水(shui)(shui)面(mian)，是濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)的(de)核心(xin)及主(zhu)體，重(zhong)(zhong)點開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)水(shui)(shui)源和(he)(he)水(shui)(shui)質保(bao)護(hu)(hu)；水(shui)(shui)岸生(sheng)態保(bao)護(hu)(hu)，野生(sheng)動植物及其棲息地(di)(di)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)，豐植放流(liu)，濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)文(wen)化保(bao)護(hu)(hu)，科(ke)學檢測(ce)；保(bao)護(hu)(hu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)建(jian)設(she)活動等。濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)恢(hui)(hui)復(fu)重(zhong)(zhong)建(jian)區(qu)(qu)面(mian)積247.0公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)，以濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)植被恢(hui)(hui)復(fu)，水(shui)(shui)體恢(hui)(hui)復(fu)為只要(yao)目(mu)的(de)。濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)宣(xuan)教展(zhan)示(shi)(shi)區(qu)(qu)面(mian)積16.8公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)，位于(yu)公(gong)園(yuan)南(nan)部，頻臨(lin)托口新鎮，主(zhu)要(yao)功能(neng)以生(sheng)態及濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)文(wen)化展(zhan)示(shi)(shi)，科(ke)普(pu)(pu)教育為主(zhu)；合(he)理(li)(li)(li)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)區(qu)(qu)面(mian)積207.8公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)，位于(yu)渠水(shui)(shui)大(da)橋西側，交通便(bian)捷，環境優(you)美；利用(yong)(yong)(yong)該(gai)區(qu)(qu)優(you)美地(di)(di)形和(he)(he)資源條件，不破(po)壞生(sheng)態環境前(qian)提下，開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)觀光游(you)覽，清水(shui)(shui)休(xiu)閑游(you)戲，農俗(su)文(wen)化體驗(yan)活動，打造(zao)合(he)理(li)(li)(li)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)示(shi)(shi)范基礎。管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)服務(wu)區(qu)(qu)面(mian)積2.4公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)，位于(yu)公(gong)園(yuan)南(nan)部，連接(jie)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)宣(xuan)教展(zhan)示(shi)(shi)區(qu)(qu)，根據(ju)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)和(he)(he)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)的(de)需要(yao)，建(jian)設(she)相應(ying)(ying)的(de)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)服務(wu)設(she)施，配置相應(ying)(ying)的(de)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)設(she)備，實(shi)現良好的(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)，保(bao)護(hu)(hu)，服務(wu)功能(neng)。

“萬(wan)丈思湖一見開(kai)，地(di)(di)波蕩漾撲(pu)面來。”洪(hong)江市市委，市政(zheng)府及(ji)當地(di)(di)群(qun)眾迫(po)切希(xi)望建(jian)設(she)湖南洪(hong)江清江湖國家(jia)濕(shi)地(di)(di)公園，從而推(tui)進(jin)“生態(tai)洪(hong)江，美麗黔陽”建(jian)設(she)。相信不久的(de)將來，在各地(di)(di)政(zheng)府的(de)高度重視和(he)大(da)力支持以及(ji)當地(di)(di)人民(min)群(qun)眾的(de)共同努力下，湖南洪(hong)江清江湖國家(jia)濕(shi)地(di)(di)公園一定會建(jian)設(she)成(cheng)(cheng)為湘(xiang)楚大(da)地(di)(di)上一顆璀璨的(de)明(ming)珠，成(cheng)(cheng)為庫塘(tang)型濕(shi)地(di)(di)公園建(jian)設(she)的(de)典范(fan)。