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基本介紹

清江湖(hu)濕(shi)地公(gong)(gong)園地處洪江市西南部，以(yi)清江湖(hu)(原托口庫區(qu))為主體(ti)，以(yi)環湖(hu)公(gong)(gong)路為邊界，總面積(ji)4.5萬余畝，其中濕(shi)地面積(ji)3.6萬多畝。濕(shi)地公(gong)(gong)園規劃(hua)建(jian)設(she)5大功能(neng)區(qu)，即濕(shi)地保育(yu)區(qu)、濕(shi)地恢復(fu)重建(jian)區(qu)、濕(shi)地宣(xuan)教展示區(qu)、合理利用區(qu)、管理服務區(qu)。

地(di)處(chu)湖南省西部，洪江市境內西南角(jiao)；云(yun)貴高(gao)原向(xiang)江南丘陵過渡地(di)帶；湘(xiang)(xiang)西與黔東(dong)南交界地(di)。該區域，在全國(guo)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)功能(neng)區劃中，定位為典(dian)型亞熱帶生(sheng)物多(duo)樣型保護區，長江流域水(shui)土保質，水(shui)源涵養及生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)安全屏障(zhang)功能(neng)區。其生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)區位十分重要。濕地(di)公園建設也是大湘(xiang)(xiang)西生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文(wen)化旅游圈(quan)發展的重點內容之(zhi)一，對于弘揚濕地(di)文(wen)化，建設生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文(wen)明具有顯(xian)著意義。

清(qing)江(jiang)(jiang)湖(hu)，又(you)稱“小洞庭”，環(huan)境(jing)優(you)美，資源豐富，是沅江(jiang)(jiang)上游及(ji)湘西南較大的人工湖(hu)和飲用(yong)水源地，為懷化地區乃至湖(hu)南用(yong)水安全提(ti)供重要保障。

濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園以清(qing)江湖為(wei)(wei)(wei)主體(ti)，以環湖公(gong)路為(wei)(wei)(wei)邊境，地(di)(di)(di)理(li)坐標為(wei)(wei)(wei)東經109°31′49″—109°40′53″，北緯27°04′39″—27°09′28″，東西(xi)長14.95千米，南北寬8.92千米，擬(ni)建湖南洪江清(qing)江湖國家(jia)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園。總面積3006.5公(gong)頃(qing)，其(qi)中濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)面積2458.4公(gong)頃(qing)，濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)率81.77%。分布(bu)有河流濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)和人工(gong)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)兩個濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)類，永(yong)久(jiu)性河流，洪泛型(xing)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)，庫塘(tang)和稻田(tian)四(si)個濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)型(xing)，其(qi)主體(ti)為(wei)(wei)(wei)庫塘(tang)，是典型(xing)的(de)庫塘(tang)型(xing)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)。

濕(shi)地(di)公園處(chu)于沅(yuan)水(shui)(shui)與渠水(shui)(shui)交(jiao)界處(chu)，是(shi)湖南(nan)第二(er)(er)大水(shui)(shui)系沅(yuan)水(shui)(shui)上游，水(shui)(shui)量充(chong)沛，濕(shi)地(di)公園內生物(wu)資源豐富，有(you)維管植物(wu)161科535屬815種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)中(zhong)濕(shi)地(di)植物(wu)77科182屬235種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，有(you)國(guo)家(jia)二(er)(er)級重點保(bao)護植物(wu)6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；濕(shi)地(di)現集中(zhong)有(you)野生脊(ji)椎動(dong)物(wu)5綱27目74科199種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)中(zhong)魚(yu)類(lei)4目9科40種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，鳥類(lei)13目38科102種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，有(you)國(guo)家(jia)二(er)(er)級重點保(bao)護動(dong)物(wu)10種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，列(lie)入《瀕臨(lin)動(dong)植物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)際貿(mao)易公約》的物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)18種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。

濕地(di)(di)公園內(nei)山水相(xiang)依，水天一(yi)色(se)，歷史文化源遠(yuan)流長，航運與稻(dao)都文化底蘊深厚(hou)。濕地(di)(di)公園所在地(di)(di)千(qian)(qian)年(nian)古(gu)(gu)鎮--托口鎮，自(zi)古(gu)(gu)以來也是中(zhong)(zhong)國中(zhong)(zhong)西部地(di)(di)區進入(ru)大西南的(de)(de)(de)水陸交通(tong)咽喉，上(shang)達(da)云貴，下(xia)(xia)通(tong)洞庭，長江；公園下(xia)(xia)游(you)有全(quan)國保(bao)存較(jiao)為完好的(de)(de)(de)明清(qing)古(gu)(gu)城(cheng)之一(yi)黔陽古(gu)(gu)城(cheng)，唐代(dai)詩(shi)人王昌齡曾(ceng)在城(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)芙蓉樓留下(xia)(xia)了“一(yi)片冰心(xin)在玉壺”的(de)(de)(de)千(qian)(qian)古(gu)(gu)絕唱(chang)；濕地(di)(di)公園周邊，作(zuo)為中(zhong)(zhong)國稻(dao)都文化的(de)(de)(de)發源地(di)(di)之一(yi)，其野(ye)生香米曾(ceng)被列入(ru)薦京貢品還是中(zhong)(zhong)國秈型雜(za)交水稻(dao)發源地(di)(di)，袁(yuan)隆平曾(ceng)在此成功研制出(chu)秈型雜(za)交水稻(dao)。

“五十里(li)水亞洞庭，春暖花(hua)開觀清(qing)江，千年(nian)古鎮隱湖(hu)底，芙蓉樓下送辛漸。”豐富(fu)的(de)資源(yuan)，優美的(de)景(jing)觀，深厚(hou)的(de)文化，為濕(shi)地公園的(de)建(jian)設打下了堅實的(de)基礎。

濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園建設(she)將以(yi)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)與(yu)(yu)恢復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)目(mu)(mu)標，同(tong)時，積(ji)(ji)極開(kai)展(zhan)科學(xue)研究，科普(pu)教(jiao)育(yu)和(he)合(he)(he)理(li)(li)利用(yong)資(zi)源，實現濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)資(zi)源保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)與(yu)(yu)利用(yong)協(xie)調統一(yi)，較大(da)限(xian)度的(de)(de)發揮(hui)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)所具有的(de)(de)生態，社會(hui)和(he)經濟效益，實現人(ren)與(yu)(yu)自然的(de)(de)和(he)諧相處，共同(tong)發展(zhan)。濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園總(zong)體(ti)規劃(hua)以(yi)“保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)優先，科學(xue)修復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，適(shi)度開(kai)發，合(he)(he)理(li)(li)利用(yong)”為(wei)原(yuan)則，劃(hua)分為(wei)保(bao)育(yu)區(qu)(qu)，恢復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)重建區(qu)(qu)，宣教(jiao)展(zhan)示(shi)區(qu)(qu)，合(he)(he)理(li)(li)利用(yong)區(qu)(qu)和(he)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)服(fu)務(wu)區(qu)(qu)五個(ge)功(gong)能(neng)區(qu)(qu)。濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)保(bao)育(yu)區(qu)(qu)面積(ji)(ji)2532.5公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃，占濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園總(zong)面積(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)84.23%，主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)包括清(qing)江湖(hu)主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)水(shui)面，是(shi)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園的(de)(de)核心及主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)，重點開(kai)展(zhan)水(shui)源和(he)水(shui)質保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)；水(shui)岸生態保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)，野(ye)生動植(zhi)物及其棲息(xi)地(di)(di)(di)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)，豐植(zhi)放流(liu)，濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)文化保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)，科學(xue)檢測；保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)建設(she)活動等。濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)恢復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)重建區(qu)(qu)面積(ji)(ji)247.0公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃，以(yi)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)植(zhi)被(bei)恢復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，水(shui)體(ti)恢復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)為(wei)只要(yao)目(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)。濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)宣教(jiao)展(zhan)示(shi)區(qu)(qu)面積(ji)(ji)16.8公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃，位于(yu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園南(nan)部(bu)，頻臨托口新鎮，主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)功(gong)能(neng)以(yi)生態及濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)文化展(zhan)示(shi)，科普(pu)教(jiao)育(yu)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)；合(he)(he)理(li)(li)利用(yong)區(qu)(qu)面積(ji)(ji)207.8公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃，位于(yu)渠水(shui)大(da)橋(qiao)西側，交通便捷(jie)，環境(jing)優美(mei)；利用(yong)該區(qu)(qu)優美(mei)地(di)(di)(di)形和(he)資(zi)源條件，不破壞生態環境(jing)前提下，開(kai)展(zhan)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)觀光游覽，清(qing)水(shui)休(xiu)閑游戲，農(nong)俗文化體(ti)驗活動，打造合(he)(he)理(li)(li)利用(yong)示(shi)范基礎。管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)服(fu)務(wu)區(qu)(qu)面積(ji)(ji)2.4公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃，位于(yu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園南(nan)部(bu)，連接濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)宣教(jiao)展(zhan)示(shi)區(qu)(qu)，根據保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)和(he)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)需要(yao)，建設(she)相應(ying)的(de)(de)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)服(fu)務(wu)設(she)施，配(pei)置相應(ying)的(de)(de)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)設(she)備，實現良(liang)好的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)，保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)，服(fu)務(wu)功(gong)能(neng)。

“萬丈思湖(hu)(hu)一(yi)(yi)見開，地(di)波蕩漾撲面來(lai)。”洪(hong)江(jiang)(jiang)市市委(wei)，市政府及當地(di)群眾(zhong)迫切希望建(jian)設湖(hu)(hu)南(nan)洪(hong)江(jiang)(jiang)清江(jiang)(jiang)湖(hu)(hu)國(guo)(guo)家濕地(di)公園，從(cong)而推進“生態(tai)洪(hong)江(jiang)(jiang)，美(mei)麗(li)黔陽(yang)”建(jian)設。相(xiang)信不久的(de)將來(lai)，在(zai)各(ge)地(di)政府的(de)高度重視和大力支持以(yi)及當地(di)人民群眾(zhong)的(de)共(gong)同(tong)努力下(xia)，湖(hu)(hu)南(nan)洪(hong)江(jiang)(jiang)清江(jiang)(jiang)湖(hu)(hu)國(guo)(guo)家濕地(di)公園一(yi)(yi)定會建(jian)設成為(wei)湘楚大地(di)上一(yi)(yi)顆璀(cui)璨(can)的(de)明(ming)珠，成為(wei)庫塘型濕地(di)公園建(jian)設的(de)典范。