清(qing)(qing)江(jiang)湖濕(shi)(shi)地(di)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)地(di)處洪江(jiang)市西(xi)南部,以清(qing)(qing)江(jiang)湖(原托口庫區)為(wei)主體,以環湖公(gong)(gong)路為(wei)邊界,總面積(ji)4.5萬余畝,其中(zhong)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)面積(ji)3.6萬多畝。濕(shi)(shi)地(di)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)規劃建(jian)設(she)5大功能(neng)區,即濕(shi)(shi)地(di)保育(yu)區、濕(shi)(shi)地(di)恢(hui)復(fu)重建(jian)區、濕(shi)(shi)地(di)宣教展示(shi)區、合理利用區、管理服務區。
地(di)(di)處湖南(nan)省西(xi)部,洪(hong)江市境內(nei)西(xi)南(nan)角(jiao);云貴高(gao)原向江南(nan)丘陵過(guo)渡地(di)(di)帶;湘西(xi)與(yu)黔東(dong)南(nan)交界地(di)(di)。該區(qu)域,在全國生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)功能(neng)區(qu)劃中,定位為典型亞熱帶生(sheng)物多樣型保(bao)護區(qu),長(chang)江流域水土保(bao)質(zhi),水源涵養及(ji)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)安全屏障功能(neng)區(qu)。其(qi)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)區(qu)位十分重要。濕地(di)(di)公(gong)園建(jian)設(she)(she)也是大湘西(xi)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文化(hua)旅(lv)游(you)圈發展的(de)重點內(nei)容之一,對于弘揚濕地(di)(di)文化(hua),建(jian)設(she)(she)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文明具有顯著意義(yi)。
清江湖,又稱“小洞庭”,環境優(you)美,資源(yuan)豐富,是沅江上游及湘西(xi)南(nan)(nan)較大(da)的(de)人工湖和飲用水源(yuan)地(di),為懷化地(di)區乃至湖南(nan)(nan)用水安全提供重要保障。
濕(shi)(shi)地(di)公(gong)園(yuan)以清江(jiang)(jiang)湖(hu)為(wei)主體(ti),以環湖(hu)公(gong)路為(wei)邊境,地(di)理坐(zuo)標(biao)為(wei)東(dong)(dong)經109°31′49″—109°40′53″,北緯27°04′39″—27°09′28″,東(dong)(dong)西(xi)長14.95千(qian)米,南(nan)北寬8.92千(qian)米,擬(ni)建(jian)湖(hu)南(nan)洪(hong)江(jiang)(jiang)清江(jiang)(jiang)湖(hu)國家濕(shi)(shi)地(di)公(gong)園(yuan)。總面積(ji)3006.5公(gong)頃,其中濕(shi)(shi)地(di)面積(ji)2458.4公(gong)頃,濕(shi)(shi)地(di)率81.77%。分布有河流濕(shi)(shi)地(di)和人工濕(shi)(shi)地(di)兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)類,永久(jiu)性河流,洪(hong)泛型濕(shi)(shi)地(di),庫(ku)塘和稻田(tian)四個(ge)(ge)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)型,其主體(ti)為(wei)庫(ku)塘,是典型的庫(ku)塘型濕(shi)(shi)地(di)。
濕地(di)公園處于沅(yuan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)與渠水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)交(jiao)界處,是(shi)湖南第二(er)(er)大(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系沅(yuan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)上(shang)游,水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量充(chong)沛,濕地(di)公園內生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)資源豐(feng)富,有(you)維(wei)管(guan)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)161科(ke)535屬(shu)815種,其中濕地(di)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)77科(ke)182屬(shu)235種,有(you)國家(jia)二(er)(er)級(ji)重點保護植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)6種;濕地(di)現(xian)集(ji)中有(you)野生(sheng)脊椎動(dong)物(wu)(wu)5綱27目(mu)74科(ke)199種,其中魚類(lei)4目(mu)9科(ke)40種,鳥(niao)類(lei)13目(mu)38科(ke)102種,有(you)國家(jia)二(er)(er)級(ji)重點保護動(dong)物(wu)(wu)10種,列(lie)入《瀕臨動(dong)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)種國際貿(mao)易公約(yue)》的物(wu)(wu)種有(you)18種。
濕(shi)地公園內山水(shui)(shui)(shui)相依,水(shui)(shui)(shui)天一(yi)(yi)色,歷史(shi)文(wen)化(hua)源遠流長(chang),航運與稻(dao)(dao)都文(wen)化(hua)底蘊深厚。濕(shi)地公園所(suo)在(zai)地千年古(gu)鎮(zhen)--托口鎮(zhen),自古(gu)以來(lai)也是中國中西(xi)部地區進入(ru)大西(xi)南的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)陸交(jiao)(jiao)通咽喉,上(shang)達云貴,下(xia)通洞庭(ting),長(chang)江;公園下(xia)游有全國保(bao)存較為(wei)完好的(de)(de)(de)明(ming)清古(gu)城之一(yi)(yi)黔陽古(gu)城,唐代詩人王(wang)昌齡曾(ceng)在(zai)城中芙蓉樓(lou)留(liu)下(xia)了(le)“一(yi)(yi)片冰心(xin)在(zai)玉(yu)壺(hu)”的(de)(de)(de)千古(gu)絕唱;濕(shi)地公園周邊(bian),作(zuo)為(wei)中國稻(dao)(dao)都文(wen)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)發源地之一(yi)(yi),其野(ye)生香(xiang)米曾(ceng)被(bei)列入(ru)薦京貢品還是中國秈型雜交(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)發源地,袁隆平(ping)曾(ceng)在(zai)此成功研制出秈型雜交(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)。
“五十(shi)里水(shui)亞洞庭,春(chun)暖花開觀清江,千(qian)年古鎮隱湖底,芙蓉(rong)樓(lou)下送辛漸(jian)。”豐富(fu)的(de)(de)資源(yuan),優美的(de)(de)景觀,深(shen)厚的(de)(de)文(wen)化,為濕(shi)地公(gong)園的(de)(de)建設打下了堅(jian)實的(de)(de)基礎。
濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)建(jian)設將以(yi)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)與恢復(fu)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)目(mu)標,同時,積(ji)極開展(zhan)(zhan)科學(xue)(xue)研究,科普(pu)教(jiao)育(yu)和(he)(he)(he)合(he)(he)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)利用(yong)資源,實(shi)現濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)資源保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)與利用(yong)協調統一,較大(da)限度(du)的(de)(de)發揮濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)所(suo)具有的(de)(de)生態,社(she)會和(he)(he)(he)經濟(ji)效益,實(shi)現人與自然(ran)的(de)(de)和(he)(he)(he)諧相(xiang)處,共同發展(zhan)(zhan)。濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)總體(ti)規(gui)劃(hua)以(yi)“保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)優(you)先,科學(xue)(xue)修復(fu),適(shi)度(du)開發,合(he)(he)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)利用(yong)”為(wei)原則,劃(hua)分為(wei)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)育(yu)區(qu)(qu)(qu),恢復(fu)重建(jian)區(qu)(qu)(qu),宣教(jiao)展(zhan)(zhan)示(shi)區(qu)(qu)(qu),合(he)(he)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)利用(yong)區(qu)(qu)(qu)和(he)(he)(he)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)服(fu)務(wu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)五個功能(neng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)。濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)育(yu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)2532.5公(gong)(gong)頃(qing),占(zhan)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)總面(mian)(mian)積(ji)的(de)(de)84.23%,主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)包括(kuo)清(qing)江湖主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)水(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian),是濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)核(he)心及主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti),重點開展(zhan)(zhan)水(shui)(shui)源和(he)(he)(he)水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu);水(shui)(shui)岸生態保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu),野生動植物(wu)及其棲息地(di)(di)(di)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu),豐植放流,濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu),科學(xue)(xue)檢測;保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)設活(huo)動等。濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)恢復(fu)重建(jian)區(qu)(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)247.0公(gong)(gong)頃(qing),以(yi)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)植被恢復(fu),水(shui)(shui)體(ti)恢復(fu)為(wei)只要(yao)(yao)目(mu)的(de)(de)。濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)宣教(jiao)展(zhan)(zhan)示(shi)區(qu)(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)16.8公(gong)(gong)頃(qing),位于(yu)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)南(nan)部(bu),頻臨托(tuo)口新(xin)鎮,主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)功能(neng)以(yi)生態及濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)展(zhan)(zhan)示(shi),科普(pu)教(jiao)育(yu)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu);合(he)(he)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)利用(yong)區(qu)(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)207.8公(gong)(gong)頃(qing),位于(yu)渠(qu)水(shui)(shui)大(da)橋西側,交通便(bian)捷(jie),環境優(you)美;利用(yong)該區(qu)(qu)(qu)優(you)美地(di)(di)(di)形和(he)(he)(he)資源條(tiao)件,不破壞生態環境前(qian)提(ti)下,開展(zhan)(zhan)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)觀光游覽,清(qing)水(shui)(shui)休閑游戲,農俗文(wen)(wen)化(hua)體(ti)驗活(huo)動,打造合(he)(he)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)利用(yong)示(shi)范(fan)基礎。管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)服(fu)務(wu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)2.4公(gong)(gong)頃(qing),位于(yu)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)南(nan)部(bu),連(lian)接濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)宣教(jiao)展(zhan)(zhan)示(shi)區(qu)(qu)(qu),根據保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)和(he)(he)(he)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)需要(yao)(yao),建(jian)設相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)服(fu)務(wu)設施(shi),配置相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)設備,實(shi)現良好的(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu),服(fu)務(wu)功能(neng)。
“萬丈思湖一(yi)見開,地(di)(di)波蕩漾撲面(mian)來。”洪江(jiang)(jiang)市市委,市政府及(ji)當地(di)(di)群眾(zhong)迫切希(xi)望建(jian)(jian)設湖南洪江(jiang)(jiang)清(qing)江(jiang)(jiang)湖國家(jia)濕(shi)地(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan),從(cong)而推(tui)進“生態洪江(jiang)(jiang),美麗黔陽”建(jian)(jian)設。相信(xin)不(bu)久的(de)將來,在各地(di)(di)政府的(de)高度重視和(he)大力支持以(yi)及(ji)當地(di)(di)人(ren)民群眾(zhong)的(de)共同努力下,湖南洪江(jiang)(jiang)清(qing)江(jiang)(jiang)湖國家(jia)濕(shi)地(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)一(yi)定(ding)會建(jian)(jian)設成為湘(xiang)楚大地(di)(di)上(shang)一(yi)顆(ke)璀璨的(de)明珠(zhu),成為庫(ku)塘型濕(shi)地(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)建(jian)(jian)設的(de)典(dian)范。