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基本介紹

故(gu)居占(zhan)地面積1、62畝，兩進(jin)，二十(shi)一(yi)間房，磚(zhuan)木(mu)結構，青瓦腳(jiao)，土磚(zhuan)墻，木(mu)格窗，木(mu)框大門，杉木(mu)前(qian)廊檐柱(左邊一(yi)根用楠竹代替)。1908年11月(yue)19日，許(xu)(xu)光(guang)達(da)誕生于進(jin)門廳屋前(qian)房，并在此度過了(le)童年和學(xue)生時代。2005年3月(yue)中共中央政治局常委、國家副主席(xi)曾慶紅考(kao)察長(chang)沙縣(xian)時提出修復許(xu)(xu)光(guang)達(da)故(gu)居為革命紀念地。遵照(zhao)指示，長(chang)沙市把(ba)其故(gu)居的原有14間民居土房按原樣修復。

景點景觀

故居大廳內掛了(le)9幅許光達的(de)生活照(zhao)片，兩間(jian)臥室存有(you)(you)床、衣柜等(deng)(deng)實物(wu)，一(yi)間(jian)廚房擺放了(le)傳統的(de)蝴蝶灶(zao)，另一(yi)間(jian)擺放農具的(de)房間(jian)有(you)(you)紡車、蓑衣和拌(ban)桶等(deng)(deng)。許光達是杰出(chu)的(de)無產階級(ji)軍(jun)事家，1955年(nian)被授(shou)予大將軍(jun)銜(xian)。許光達在1955年(nian)得知將被授(shou)予大將軍(jun)銜(xian)時，主動(dong)寫(xie)信給(gei)毛澤(ze)東(dong)主席要(yao)求降(jiang)銜(xian)，因(yin)此十名大將中只(zhi)有(you)(you)他是五級(ji)。

為(wei)紀(ji)念許(xu)光達戎馬(ma)一生的豐功偉(wei)績，弘揚其謙虛寬(kuan)厚的革命(ming)情懷，除恢復(fu)了故居(ju)(ju)原有建(jian)筑物、整(zheng)治周邊環境(jing)及新建(jian)有許(xu)光達事跡(ji)陳列館外，在故居(ju)(ju)前還新增添一處“讓銜碑(bei)(bei)(bei)”，碑(bei)(bei)(bei)高2．5米，寬(kuan)約5米，重30噸，為(wei)一面旗幟(zhi)外形的花崗巖麻石(shi)材質，碑(bei)(bei)(bei)上(shang)方嵌有許(xu)光達大將(jiang)的石(shi)雕像(xiang),內(nei)嵌許(xu)光達上(shang)書(shu)毛澤東主席主動要求降(jiang)銜的書(shu)信。碑(bei)(bei)(bei)文(wen)由(you)著名書(shu)法家(jia)李鐸將(jiang)軍篆寫。許(xu)光達故居(ju)(ju)及旁邊的陳列室已(yi)成為(wei)愛國主義教育基地。

榮譽及其他

人物簡介

許(xu)光達 (1908.11.19～1969.6.3) 原名許(xu)德(de)華(hua)，湖南省長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)沙(sha)縣東山(shan)市蘿卜沖人(ren)(ren)。中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)民(min)解(jie)放(fang)(fang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)十(shi)大(da)將(jiang)(jiang)之一，中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)民(min)解(jie)放(fang)(fang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)高級(ji)(ji)將(jiang)(jiang)領(ling)，軍(jun)(jun)(jun)事(shi)家(jia)。 　 許(xu)光達1925年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)5月(yue)(yue)(yue)在(zai)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)沙(sha)師(shi)(shi)(shi)范學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)讀(du)書時(shi)加(jia)(jia)入(ru)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)共產主(zhu)義(yi)青年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)團，同年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian) 9月(yue)(yue)(yue)，轉入(ru)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)共產黨。1926年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)春入(ru)黃(huang)埔(pu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)校(xiao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)5期學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習，后來編(bian)入(ru)炮(pao)兵(bing)(bing)科（中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)事(shi)政(zheng)(zheng)治學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)武漢(han)分(fen)校(xiao)）。1927年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)5月(yue)(yue)(yue)編(bian)入(ru)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)獨(du)立(li)師(shi)(shi)(shi)，參(can)(can)(can)(can)加(jia)(jia)了(le)武漢(han)衛戍司(si)(si)令(ling)(ling)葉挺將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)領(ling)導(dao)的(de)(de)反擊軍(jun)(jun)(jun)閥夏斗(dou)寅叛軍(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)作戰(zhan)(zhan)。7月(yue)(yue)(yue)，在(zai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)革命(ming)(ming)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)第(di)(di)(di)(di)4軍(jun)(jun)(jun)炮(pao)兵(bing)(bing)營(ying)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)見習排(pai)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)。8月(yue)(yue)(yue)，在(zai)江西(xi)(xi)(xi)寧(ning)都加(jia)(jia)入(ru)南昌起義(yi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)。曾(ceng)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)11軍(jun)(jun)(jun)25師(shi)(shi)(shi)75團排(pai)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)、代(dai)理連長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)，參(can)(can)(can)(can)加(jia)(jia)了(le)會(hui)(hui)昌和三(san)河(he)壩等戰(zhan)(zhan)斗(dou)。后在(zai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)黨軍(jun)(jun)(jun)中(zhong)(zhong)做(zuo)兵(bing)(bing)運工(gong)(gong)作。1928年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)6月(yue)(yue)(yue)20日(ri)(ri)與(yu)鄒靖華(hua)結婚。1929年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)10月(yue)(yue)(yue)，被中(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)派(pai)往洪湖革命(ming)(ming)根據(ju)地，1930年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)2月(yue)(yue)(yue)，參(can)(can)(can)(can)與(yu)組建(jian)(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)工(gong)(gong)農(nong)紅軍(jun)(jun)(jun)第(di)(di)(di)(di)6軍(jun)(jun)(jun)，先(xian)后任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)參(can)(can)(can)(can)謀長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)，第(di)(di)(di)(di)17師(shi)(shi)(shi)政(zheng)(zheng)治委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和師(shi)(shi)(shi)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)等職。參(can)(can)(can)(can)與(yu)開(kai)辟(pi)了(le)以洪湖為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)心的(de)(de)湘鄂(e)西(xi)(xi)(xi)蘇區，多(duo)次率部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)參(can)(can)(can)(can)加(jia)(jia)反“圍剿”作戰(zhan)(zhan)。1932年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)春身負重傷，后赴蘇聯(lian)(lian)治療(liao)。在(zai)蘇聯(lian)(lian)期間，曾(ceng)入(ru)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際列寧(ning)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院和東方勞動者共產主(zhu)義(yi)大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習。 　抗日(ri)(ri)戰(zhan)(zhan)爭爆發后回(hui)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，歷(li)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)抗日(ri)(ri)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)政(zheng)(zheng)大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)訓練(lian)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)、教(jiao)育長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)、第(di)(di)(di)(di)三(san)分(fen)校(xiao)校(xiao)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)，從事(shi)馬克思主(zhu)義(yi)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)事(shi)理論(lun)研究，培養抗日(ri)(ri)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)政(zheng)(zheng)干部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)。1941年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian) 1月(yue)(yue)(yue)，任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)中(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)革命(ming)(ming)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)事(shi)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)(hui)參(can)(can)(can)(can)謀部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)，兼(jian)延安交通司(si)(si)令(ling)(ling)、防(fang)空司(si)(si)令(ling)(ling)、衛戍司(si)(si)令(ling)(ling)。后任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)八(ba)路(lu)(lu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)第(di)(di)(di)(di)120師(shi)(shi)(shi)獨(du)立(li)第(di)(di)(di)(di)2旅旅長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)兼(jian)晉綏軍(jun)(jun)(jun)區第(di)(di)(di)(di) 2軍(jun)(jun)(jun)分(fen)區司(si)(si)令(ling)(ling)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，在(zai)五寨、神池(chi)、保(bao)德(de)、偏關(guan)一帶，領(ling)導(dao)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)民(min)開(kai)展游擊戰(zhan)(zhan)，鞏(gong)固和擴(kuo)大(da)抗日(ri)(ri)根據(ju)地。 　 解(jie)放(fang)(fang)戰(zhan)(zhan)爭初期,任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)晉綏軍(jun)(jun)(jun)區第(di)(di)(di)(di)3縱隊(dui)(dui)司(si)(si)令(ling)(ling)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。1947年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)8月(yue)(yue)(yue)，率3縱隊(dui)(dui)西(xi)(xi)(xi)渡黃(huang)河(he)，改屬西(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)野(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)（后為(wei)第(di)(di)(di)(di)一野(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)），參(can)(can)(can)(can)加(jia)(jia)了(le)沙(sha)家(jia)店(dian)、延（川(chuan)）清(qing)（澗）、宜川(chuan)等戰(zhan)(zhan)役(yi)。1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)1月(yue)(yue)(yue)，任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)。7月(yue)(yue)(yue)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)第(di)(di)(di)(di)2兵(bing)(bing)團司(si)(si)令(ling)(ling)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，在(zai)圍殲國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)黨軍(jun)(jun)(jun)胡宗南部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)主(zhu)力的(de)(de)扶眉戰(zhan)(zhan)役(yi)中(zhong)(zhong)，率部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)迂(yu)回(hui)敵后,斷敵退(tui)路(lu)(lu),為(wei)保(bao)證戰(zhan)(zhan)役(yi)全勝起了(le)重要作用(yong)。繼而揮師(shi)(shi)(shi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)進(jin),攻破蘭州南山(shan)敵軍(jun)(jun)(jun)主(zhu)陣地，搶占(zhan)黃(huang)河(he)大(da)橋，與(yu)第(di)(di)(di)(di)19兵(bing)(bing)團全殲城中(zhong)(zhong)守敵，解(jie)放(fang)(fang)蘭州。 　中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)人(ren)(ren)民(min)共和國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)成立(li)后，受(shou)命(ming)(ming)組建(jian)(jian)裝甲兵(bing)(bing)。1950年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)6月(yue)(yue)(yue),任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)裝甲兵(bing)(bing)司(si)(si)令(ling)(ling)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，領(ling)導(dao)組建(jian)(jian)了(le)裝甲兵(bing)(bing)的(de)(de)機關(guan)、部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)、院校(xiao)、基地和科研機構。在(zai)裝甲兵(bing)(bing)建(jian)(jian)設中(zhong)(zhong)，強調“沒有技(ji)術就沒有裝甲部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)”，要求政(zheng)(zheng)治工(gong)(gong)作與(yu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)事(shi)技(ji)術工(gong)(gong)作相(xiang)結合(he)、軍(jun)(jun)(jun)事(shi)訓練(lian)與(yu)實(shi)戰(zhan)(zhan)需(xu)要相(xiang)結合(he)，注意研究外國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)先(xian)進(jin)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)事(shi)科學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)技(ji)術，重視(shi)干部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)培養和對知識分(fen)子的(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)。曾(ceng)先(xian)后兼(jian)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)坦克學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)校(xiao)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)和裝甲兵(bing)(bing)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院院長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)。 　1955年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)9月(yue)(yue)(yue)被授予大(da)將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)銜,獲一級(ji)(ji)八(ba)一勛章、一級(ji)(ji)獨(du)立(li)自由勛章、一級(ji)(ji)解(jie)放(fang)(fang)勛章。是第(di)(di)(di)(di)一、二、三(san)屆(jie)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)防(fang)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)(hui)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，1956年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，被選(xuan)為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)共第(di)(di)(di)(di)八(ba)屆(jie)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。1959年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)9月(yue)(yue)(yue)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)防(fang)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)副部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)。在(zai)“文化大(da)革命(ming)(ming)”中(zhong)(zhong)遭受(shou)迫(po)害，1969年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)6月(yue)(yue)(yue)3日(ri)(ri)在(zai)北(bei)京逝世(shi)。