天(tian)(tian)心閣古城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)位于長(chang)(chang)沙(sha)(sha)(sha)市城(cheng)(cheng)南路與(yu)天(tian)(tian)心路交會處西(xi)北,是一(yi)(yi)座(zuo)體現(xian)明代漢族建(jian)筑(zhu)風格的(de)古建(jian)筑(zhu)。明洪武(wu)年間(1368~1398),長(chang)(chang)沙(sha)(sha)(sha)守御指揮邱廣(guang)營(ying)建(jian)長(chang)(chang)沙(sha)(sha)(sha)城(cheng)(cheng)垣,將元(yuan)代所筑(zhu)土(tu)城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)全部(bu)(bu)改用石(shi)基磚砌。今僅存天(tian)(tian)心閣古城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)一(yi)(yi)段,余已(yi)拆除。 明末,張獻忠率(lv)部(bu)(bu)攻入(ru)長(chang)(chang)沙(sha)(sha)(sha),城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)曾遭破壞,清順治十(shi)一(yi)(yi)年(1654),洪承疇(chou)駐(zhu)節(jie)長(chang)(chang)沙(sha)(sha)(sha),拆運明藩王府磚石(shi)修筑(zhu)城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang),使長(chang)(chang)沙(sha)(sha)(sha)再度"城(cheng)(cheng)池崇屹,甲于他(ta)郡(jun)"。長(chang)(chang)沙(sha)(sha)(sha)古城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)的(de)重要(yao)組成部(bu)(bu)分——“月(yue)城(cheng)(cheng)”,又名(ming)甕城(cheng)(cheng)。顧名(ming)思義(yi),因形狀像半個月(yue)亮而(er)得名(ming),是古代兵(bing)勇(yong)囤兵(bing)和放置炮(pao)臺的(de)地(di)方(fang)。它(ta)一(yi)(yi)般分上(shang)下(xia)兩部(bu)(bu)分,上(shang)面放置遠射程大炮(pao),下(xia)面放置近(jin)射程大炮(pao)。湖南省文物保(bao)護單位。
明(ming)洪武年間(1368~1398),長(chang)沙(sha)(sha)(sha)守(shou)御指揮邱廣營建(jian)長(chang)沙(sha)(sha)(sha)城(cheng)(cheng)垣,將元(yuan)代所(suo)筑土(tu)城(cheng)(cheng)墻全部改用石基磚(zhuan)砌。今僅存天心(xin)閣古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)墻一段,余已(yi)拆(chai)除。 明(ming)末,張獻(xian)忠率部攻入長(chang)沙(sha)(sha)(sha),城(cheng)(cheng)墻曾遭破壞(huai),清順治十(shi)一年(1654),洪承疇(chou)駐節長(chang)沙(sha)(sha)(sha),拆(chai)運明(ming)藩王府磚(zhuan)石修筑城(cheng)(cheng)墻,使長(chang)沙(sha)(sha)(sha)再度"城(cheng)(cheng)池(chi)崇屹,甲于他郡"。
清(qing)咸豐二年(1852),太(tai)平(ping)軍攻占長沙之后,撫臺(tai)駱秉(bing)章(zhang)、毛鴻(hong)賓、惲世(shi)臨、李翰章(zhang)、劉琨等先后重修,對天(tian)心(xin)(xin)閣(ge)段古城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)著(zhu)力加(jia)固(gu),設炮臺(tai)9座(zuo),并增建(jian)月(yue)城(cheng)(cheng),使(shi)古城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)成半環(huan)拱式內雙城(cheng)(cheng)格(ge)局。辛亥革命以(yi)后,拆除長沙城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang),修筑(zhu)環(huan)城(cheng)(cheng)公路(lu),惟留(liu)下天(tian)心(xin)(xin)閣(ge)一段古城(cheng)(cheng)作為(wei)勝跡。當時(shi)有聯云(yun):"閣(ge)上(shang)九(jiu)霄迎日月(yue),城(cheng)(cheng)留(liu)一角看江山"。今存天(tian)心(xin)(xin)閣(ge)古城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang),長226.2米(為(wei)明代所筑(zhu)古城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)的1/35),高13.4米,頂(ding)面(mian)寬6.1米,占地(di)5125平(ping)方米。1983年,湖南(nan)省、長沙市(shi)人(ren)民政府撥款,進行全(quan)面(mian)維修。