天(tian)心(xin)閣(ge)古(gu)(gu)(gu)城墻(qiang)(qiang)位(wei)于(yu)長沙(sha)市城南路(lu)與天(tian)心(xin)路(lu)交會處(chu)西(xi)北(bei),是一(yi)座體現明(ming)代(dai)(dai)漢族建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)風格的(de)古(gu)(gu)(gu)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)。明(ming)洪(hong)武年間(1368~1398),長沙(sha)守(shou)御指揮邱廣(guang)營(ying)建(jian)(jian)長沙(sha)城垣,將元(yuan)代(dai)(dai)所筑(zhu)土城墻(qiang)(qiang)全部(bu)改(gai)用石基(ji)磚(zhuan)砌。今僅存天(tian)心(xin)閣(ge)古(gu)(gu)(gu)城墻(qiang)(qiang)一(yi)段(duan),余(yu)已拆除。 明(ming)末,張獻忠率部(bu)攻(gong)入長沙(sha),城墻(qiang)(qiang)曾(ceng)遭破壞(huai),清(qing)順(shun)治(zhi)十一(yi)年(1654),洪(hong)承疇駐節長沙(sha),拆運明(ming)藩王府磚(zhuan)石修筑(zhu)城墻(qiang)(qiang),使長沙(sha)再(zai)度"城池崇屹(yi),甲(jia)于(yu)他郡(jun)"。長沙(sha)古(gu)(gu)(gu)城墻(qiang)(qiang)的(de)重要組成(cheng)部(bu)分——“月城”,又名(ming)甕城。顧名(ming)思義(yi),因形(xing)狀(zhuang)像半(ban)個月亮而得名(ming),是古(gu)(gu)(gu)代(dai)(dai)兵(bing)勇(yong)囤(dun)兵(bing)和放(fang)置(zhi)炮臺的(de)地方。它一(yi)般分上下(xia)兩部(bu)分,上面放(fang)置(zhi)遠射(she)程大炮,下(xia)面放(fang)置(zhi)近射(she)程大炮。湖南省文物保(bao)護單位(wei)。
明(ming)洪(hong)武年(nian)間(jian)(1368~1398),長沙(sha)守御指揮邱廣(guang)營建長沙(sha)城垣,將元代所(suo)筑土城墻全部(bu)改(gai)用石基磚砌。今僅存天(tian)心(xin)閣古(gu)城墻一段(duan),余已拆除。 明(ming)末(mo),張獻忠率部(bu)攻入長沙(sha),城墻曾遭破壞,清順治(zhi)十一年(nian)(1654),洪(hong)承疇駐(zhu)節長沙(sha),拆運明(ming)藩王府磚石修筑城墻,使長沙(sha)再度"城池(chi)崇屹,甲(jia)于他郡"。
清(qing)咸豐二年(1852),太平(ping)軍攻占長(chang)(chang)沙之后(hou)(hou),撫臺駱(luo)秉章、毛鴻賓、惲世臨、李(li)翰章、劉琨等先后(hou)(hou)重(zhong)修,對天(tian)心閣段(duan)古(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)著力加(jia)固,設炮臺9座,并(bing)增(zeng)建月(yue)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),使古(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)成半環拱式內雙(shuang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)格局(ju)。辛亥革命以后(hou)(hou),拆除長(chang)(chang)沙城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang),修筑(zhu)環城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)公路,惟留下天(tian)心閣一段(duan)古(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)作(zuo)為勝跡。當時有聯云:"閣上(shang)九霄迎日月(yue),城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)留一角(jiao)看江山"。今存(cun)天(tian)心閣古(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang),長(chang)(chang)226.2米(為明代(dai)所筑(zhu)古(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)的1/35),高13.4米,頂面(mian)寬6.1米,占地5125平(ping)方米。1983年,湖南省、長(chang)(chang)沙市人民政府撥款,進行全面(mian)維修。