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基本介紹

金陵遺址位于北京市房山(shan)區車廠村至龍(long)門口一(yi)帶的(de)云(yun)峰(feng)山(shan)下(xia)，距市區48公里。云(yun)峰(feng)山(shan)又稱九龍(long)山(shan)，因(yin)其有九條山(shan)脊如九龍(long)奔(ben)騰而得(de)名。共(gong)葬(zang)金代“始祖”至章宗17個(ge)皇(huang)帝、后妃及諸(zhu)王(wang)，是北京地區第一(yi)個(ge)皇(huang)陵，比(bi)明十三陵早約200年。

中文名稱 金(jin)(jin)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)遺址 地(di)(di)(di)理位(wei)置 北京(jing)房(fang)山區 氣候類(lei)型 溫帶大(da)(da)陸性(xing)氣候 類(lei)    型 帝王陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)墓(mu)對(dui)于金(jin)(jin)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)，史(shi)書記(ji)載不(bu)多。金(jin)(jin)海(hai)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)王完顏亮從貞(zhen)元三(san)年(1155)三(san)月開(kai)始(shi)至十月，在(zai)云峰寺舊址建(jian)(jian)3個墓(mu)穴，安(an)葬了(le)他以前(qian)的3個皇帝。第二年又將金(jin)(jin)朝建(jian)(jian)國之(zhi)前(qian)的10個祖先之(zhi)靈遷來(lai)此地(di)(di)(di)安(an)葬，各(ge)立(li)稱號。至章宗末年，金(jin)(jin)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)各(ge)地(di)(di)(di)下宮殿和(he)地(di)(di)(di)上(shang)建(jian)(jian)筑均已建(jian)(jian)成(cheng)。金(jin)(jin)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)區分(fen)(fen)帝陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)、妃陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)及諸王兆(zhao)域三(san)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)。大(da)(da)定年間陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)界(jie)為78公里(li)，大(da)(da)安(an)年間為64公里(li)。陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域設(she)有(you)圍(wei)墻，每隔一定距(ju)離(li)建(jian)(jian)有(you)土堡(bao)。金(jin)(jin)以后，陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)墓(mu)無(wu)人(ren)守(shou)護，地(di)(di)(di)上(shang)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)逐漸(jian)殘(can)毀。明天啟年間，因(yin)后金(jin)(jin)政權崛起，明皇惑于術(shu)士之(zhi)說(shuo)，認(ren)為后金(jin)(jin)興起與金(jin)(jin)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)“氣脈相(xiang)關(guan)”，遂拆毀了(le)金(jin)(jin)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)地(di)(di)(di)上(shang)建(jian)(jian)筑。清初對(dui)有(you)的陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)墓(mu)進行了(le)修復，還(huan)特設(she)守(shou)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)戶，春秋至祭。乾隆時又進行修復，但后來(lai)遭到嚴重損壞，金(jin)(jin)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)地(di)(di)(di)上(shang)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)幾乎無(wu)跡。從1986年開(kai)始(shi)，北京(jing)市文物部(bu)(bu)門對(dui)金(jin)(jin)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)進行踏勘，測定出金(jin)(jin)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)在(zai)大(da)(da)房(fang)山支(zhi)脈云峰山的具(ju)體位(wei)置，找(zhao)到金(jin)(jin)睿宗的景陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)。

金陵有(you)山(shan)有(you)水，地域遼闊，風水甚佳，又是中國少數民(min)族主政的一代(dai)帝王(wang)常有(you)意(yi)義的。