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基本介紹

中(zhong)(zhong)方廣(guang)寺始建(jian)(jian)(jian)于東晉(jin)興寧年(nian)(nian)間，開山祖師為(wei)(wei)曇(tan)猷(you)尊者(zhe)(zhe)。中(zhong)(zhong)方廣(guang)寺自創建(jian)(jian)(jian)后曾毀建(jian)(jian)(jian)多次(ci)(ci)，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)大的(de)幾次(ci)(ci)擴建(jian)(jian)(jian)整修是宋朝兩次(ci)(ci)，主(zhu)(zhu)持(chi)者(zhe)(zhe)不詳；明朝一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)，主(zhu)(zhu)持(chi)者(zhe)(zhe)為(wei)(wei)錢塘大賢葛一(yi)(yi)(yi)鵬；迄清及近代一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)，主(zhu)(zhu)持(chi)者(zhe)(zhe)為(wei)(wei)興慈法師；現任一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)（主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)是一(yi)(yi)(yi)九八○年(nian)(nian)至一(yi)(yi)(yi)九八三年(nian)(nian)在當(dang)地政(zheng)府和廣(guang)大信眾支(zhi)持(chi)下的(de)重建(jian)(jian)(jian)工程），主(zhu)(zhu)持(chi)者(zhe)(zhe)為(wei)(wei)通和法師。重建(jian)(jian)(jian)后的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)方廣(guang)寺主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)佛教建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑為(wei)(wei)大殿、觀音殿、祖師堂、曇(tan)華亭、銅(tong)殿、僧竂(piao)、香積廚等。其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)特色者(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)曇(tan)華亭，二(er)為(wei)(wei)五百羅漢銅(tong)佛殿，后者(zhe)(zhe)被(bei)僧眾視為(wei)(wei)該寺鎮山之寶。另(ling)外，寺內(nei)有一(yi)(yi)(yi)株約三百多年(nian)(nian)樹齡(ling)的(de)黃檀(tan)，寺內(nei)僧人(ren)常可根據(ju)樹的(de)生長變(bian)化，預測該地區當(dang)年(nian)(nian)旱澇災情，甚為(wei)(wei)奇異。

榮譽及其他

建筑特色

曇華亭架(jia)于(yu)石梁之(zhi)上，憑欄(lan)可俯瞰溪水深潭，石深飛(fei)瀑全景盡(jin)收眼底，該寺始(shi)于(yu)南宋(song)理(li)宗景定二年(nian)（一(yi)(yi)一(yi)(yi)六二年(nian)），天臺籍(ji)宰相賈似道為紀念他的父(fu)親，抗金(jin)名將賈涉，耗白銀(yin)五萬兩，命萬年(nian)寺僧妙弘(hong)法(fa)師修建(jian)。石梁橋西(xi)端(duan)，原有一(yi)(yi)座小銅殿(dian)，是天臺山的重要文物(wu)之(zhi)一(yi)(yi)。據史籍(ji)記載∶「（此殿(dian)）明(ming)鄭妃(fei)所(suo)舍，高七(qi)尺許，中(zhong)(zhong)雕鏤(lou)五百羅漢小像(xiang)(xiang)，甚(shen)工(gong)致。」據今(jin)實測∶銅殿(dian)高約(yue)一(yi)(yi)．三(san)米(mi)，寬○．六米(mi)，中(zhong)(zhong)鑄(zhu)五百羅漢像(xiang)(xiang)，欄(lan)楹間有五十二字∶「皇(huang)明(ming)天啟元年(nian)辛酉（一(yi)(yi)六二一(yi)(yi)年(nian)）中(zhong)(zhong)秋吉旦，欽差提督九(jiu)門(men)太監徐貴(gui)等喜(xi)助(zhu)成金(jin)殿(dian)，永遠供養天臺勝境石梁橋首。清(qing)涼山后(hou)學沙門(men)如壁募(mu)造(zao)。」左壁有「浙江布(bu)政(zheng)司(si)參政(zheng)米(mi)萬鍾」；「欽差提督分兼管和道催浙直福福江木(mu)料工(gong)部侍中(zhong)(zhong)楊師孔」等題(ti)名，右壁題(ti)名已漫患不(bu)明(ming)，五百羅漢眉發畢偌，形(xing)象逼真，工(gong)藝精湛。

五(wu)(wu)(wu)百(bai)羅(luo)(luo)漢(han)(han)銅殿(dian)，始建于(yu)五(wu)(wu)(wu)代(dai)(dai)十國(guo)之際，據《感應(ying)略記》載(zai)∶「就嘉全億長史畫(hua)半千羅(luo)(luo)漢(han)(han)形象。每一(yi)迎請，必于(yu)石橋宿夜焚香，具(ju)鑼鈸幢(chuang)蓋，引道(dao)入于(yu)殿(dian)，香風(feng)送幢(chuang)之勢，前靡(mi)而入，入門即止，其方(fang)廣(guang)寺(si)梵唄方(fang)作，先(xian)有(you)金色鳥，飛翔后(hou)林樹石畔。吳越國(guo)王(wang)(wang)錢弘(hong)倜頻年(nian)施(shi)供(gong)養(yang)，造五(wu)(wu)(wu)百(bai)銅羅(luo)(luo)漢(han)(han)。」后(hou)來(lai)，人(ren)們還為(wei)(wei)五(wu)(wu)(wu)百(bai)羅(luo)(luo)漢(han)(han)演義了(le)許多「神(shen)靈(ling)」的(de)(de)故(gu)事，有(you)人(ren)將五(wu)(wu)(wu)百(bai)應(ying)真說(shuo)成(cheng)是(shi)(shi)田(tian)(tian)橫(heng)(heng)(heng)五(wu)(wu)(wu)百(bai)壯(zhuang)士(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)化身，田(tian)(tian)橫(heng)(heng)(heng)是(shi)(shi)戰國(guo)時(shi)齊(qi)國(guo)田(tian)(tian)氏的(de)(de)后(hou)代(dai)(dai)。秦末，其從兄田(tian)(tian)儋自立為(wei)(wei)齊(qi)王(wang)(wang)，不(bu)久(jiu)戰死，儋弟(di)榮(rong)與榮(rong)子(zi)廣(guang)相繼為(wei)(wei)齊(qi)王(wang)(wang)，田(tian)(tian)橫(heng)(heng)(heng)為(wei)(wei)相國(guo)。韓信破(po)齊(qi)，田(tian)(tian)橫(heng)(heng)(heng)自立為(wei)(wei)齊(qi)王(wang)(wang)，率領從屬(shu)五(wu)(wu)(wu)百(bai)人(ren)逃往海島。劍邦稱(cheng)帝，遣(qian)使(shi)者招降，田(tian)(tian)橫(heng)(heng)(heng)與客二人(ren)往洛陽，未(wei)至二十里，羞為(wei)(wei)漢(han)(han)臣，自殺。留(liu)居海島的(de)(de)部眾(zhong)，遵田(tian)(tian)橫(heng)(heng)(heng)臨行(xing)前之命，逃奔到天(tian)臺山(shan)。他們聽到田(tian)(tian)橫(heng)(heng)(heng)義不(bu)降漢(han)(han)的(de)(de)消(xiao)息后(hou)，悲憤填膺，慷慨跳崖，以追隨田(tian)(tian)橫(heng)(heng)(heng)。五(wu)(wu)(wu)百(bai)壯(zhuang)士(shi)(shi)跳崖后(hou)，被一(yi)朵朵禪云托住，說(shuo)是(shi)(shi)壯(zhuang)士(shi)(shi)誼氣感動觀音(yin)菩薩，觀音(yin)撒下的(de)(de)五(wu)(wu)(wu)百(bai)朵白云，五(wu)(wu)(wu)百(bai)壯(zhuang)士(shi)(shi)變(bian)為(wei)(wei)五(wu)(wu)(wu)百(bai)羅(luo)(luo)漢(han)(han)。他們以后(hou)就住在(zai)石梁(liang)飛瀑(pu)的(de)(de)中方(fang)廣(guang)寺(si)。以后(hou)，歷代(dai)(dai)帝王(wang)(wang)每當「國(guo)難」當頭的(de)(de)時(shi)刻(ke)，都遣(qian)使(shi)來(lai)山(shan)祭請，祈求(qiu)羅(luo)(luo)漢(han)(han)的(de)(de)蔭護(hu)。如宋仁宗(zong)于(yu)景?四(si)年(nian)（一(yi)○三七年(nian)），遣(qian)使(shi)來(lai)天(tian)臺供(gong)施(shi)五(wu)(wu)(wu)百(bai)應(ying)真，其敕(chi)文曰∶朕荷祖宗(zong)之休，丕承洪(hong)業，未(wei)賞不(bu)虛(xu)懷逸士(shi)(shi)，側(ce)席(xi)幽人(ren)。雅(ya)聞天(tian)臺之石橋，近接(jie)四(si)明之雪竇，智覺之遺風(feng)具(ju)在(zai)，應(ying)真之靈(ling)跡儼存。慨想(xiang)名(ming)山(shan)，載(zai)形夢寐(mei)。今遣(qian)內使(shi)張履信赍沈香山(shan)子(zi)一(yi)座(zuo)，龍茶(cha)二百(bai)斤，銀五(wu)(wu)(wu)百(bai)兩(liang)，御衣一(yi)襲，表朕尊重之意！