馮時行(xing)(xing)少時讀于(yu)巴縣(xian)縉云(yun)山(shan)寺,得中(zhong)北宋(song)徽宗宣(xuan)和六(liu)年(nian)(1124)恩(en)科狀元。以(yi)忤當道,當為云(yun)安(今(jin)重(zhong)慶市(shi)云(yun)陽(yang)縣(xian))尉(wei)。南(nan)宋(song)建(jian)炎元年(nian)至(zhi)三年(nian)(1127—1129)調任(ren)奉(feng)節尉(wei)調,建(jian)炎四年(nian)至(zhi)紹興(xing)(xing)四年(nian)(1134),調任(ren)江(jiang)原(yuan)丞,任(ren)職期(qi)中(zhong),顯(xian)露才華,深受川陜撫(fu)諭楊愿器重(zhong),極力推(tui)薦,旋擢(zhuo)左奉(feng)禮(li)郎。紹興(xing)(xing)五(wu)至(zhi)六(liu)年(nian)知丹(dan)梭縣(xian)。紹興(xing)(xing)七年(nian)(1137)奉(feng)召(zhao)入京(jing)任(ren)左朝奉(feng)議郎(皇(huang)帝身(shen)邊咨詢官(guan)(guan))。時金兵(bing)已占汴梁(北宋(song)都城今(jin)開封)十載。時行(xing)(xing)力主(zhu)抗金,于(yu)紹興(xing)(xing)八年(nian)晉見高(gao)宗,呈上《請(qing)分兵(bing)以(yi)鎮荊襄疏》,奏金人議和不(bu)足信,請(qing)選大(da)(da)臣重(zhong)兵(bing)鎮荊,使(shi)岳飛得以(yi)專力致于(yu)江(jiang)漢間(jian)。被主(zhu)張和議的(de)高(gao)宗斥之為“杯羹(geng)之語”。紹興(xing)(xing)九(jiu)年(nian)(1139),出任(ren)萬州知府(fu),鎮邪鋤惡,為民除(chu)害,惠(hui)農勸學,為地方(fang)積(ji)蓄了一批錢(qian)(qian)財。紹興(xing)(xing)十一年(nian)(1141),轉運判官(guan)(guan)李炯,企圖以(yi)提(ti)取萬州大(da)(da)量(liang)積(ji)錢(qian)(qian),向朝廷獻(xian)媚固寵,率(lv)500飛虎軍(jun)強行(xing)(xing)提(ti)取,時行(xing)(xing)堅決反對,被提(ti)刑何麒彈劾,罷官(guan)(guan)削職,除(chu)名(ming)《大(da)(da)宋(song)狀元錄》,輾轉流離萬州、開江(jiang)間(jian)近兩年(nian)。
紹(shao)興(xing)十四年(nian)(nian)底由(you)萬州(zhou)回到家(jia)鄉(xiang)樂(le)磧(qi)(qi),氣憤之(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)(xia),將原籍“樂(le)磧(qi)(qi)”改為“落磧(qi)(qi)”(今(jin)洛磧(qi)(qi)得名緣由(you))。稍后(hou),到縉云山置田(tian)地,建房辦(ban)學(xue),“坐廢”十七年(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)久。直(zhi)到秦檜死(si)后(hou),紹(shao)興(xing)二十七年(nian)(nian)(1157),馮時行(xing)才(cai)又復起知(zhi)蓬州(zhou)(今(jin)四川蓬安縣)。紹(shao)興(xing)二十八(ba)年(nian)(nian)(1158)冬,又薦知(zhi)黎州(zhou)(今(jin)四川漢源);紹(shao)興(xing)三十一年(nian)(nian)(1161),金(jin)人(ren)(ren)背(bei)盟(meng),馮時行(xing)被(bei)(bei)高宗(zong)再次召見,上《請易田(tian)師中用張(zhang)(zhang)浚、劉綺疏(shu)》,疏(shu)中說:“自古(gu)未有人(ren)(ren)主退而(er)能(neng)使(shi)天下(xia)(xia)進,人(ren)(ren)主怯而(er)能(neng)使(shi)天下(xia)(xia)勇,今(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)形(xing)勢(shi),愿陛下(xia)(xia)舍一己之(zhi)(zhi)好惡,勉用張(zhang)(zhang)浚、劉綺、李顯(xian)忠(zhong)等(deng)將領抗(kang)金(jin)。”并(bing)提(ti)(ti)出(chu)“宜省官吏,減州(zhou)郡冗(rong)卒(zu)”。擢右朝請大(da)夫,提(ti)(ti)點成都府刑獄(yu),經劃邊事,卓(zhuo)有功績。孝宗(zong)隆興(xing)元年(nian)(nian)(1163)逝世于雅(ya)州(zhou)(今(jin)雅(ya)安),時年(nian)(nian)63歲(sui)。死(si)后(hou)被(bei)(bei)追為“古(gu)城侯”,初葬雅(ya)州(zhou)古(gu)城,后(hou)移葬巴(ba)縣魚嘴沱(今(jin)江北(bei)區魚嘴鎮)。
乾道(dao)五年(1169),雅(ya)(ya)州(zhou)(今四川雅(ya)(ya)安)民眾曾(ceng)斥錢七十(shi)(shi)萬(wan)(wan),為馮時行(xing)立祠廟。《古城馮侯廟碑(bei)》載:“大眾斥七十(shi)(shi)萬(wan)(wan)錢,縛屋二十(shi)(shi)五盈,中為堂,塑侯像,挾以兩廡,民歲時歌舞其下,水旱厲疾,必(bi)禱侯。”馮時行(xing)故鄉洛磧有(you)“縉云故里”、“狀(zhuang)元(yuan)井(jing)”、“狀(zhuang)元(yuan)橋”等紀念建筑。
著有(you)《縉云集(ji)(ji)(ji)》四(si)十三(san)卷(juan)(《宋史(shi)·藝文(wen)志》),已散佚,明嘉靖中李璽(xi)刊為(wei)《縉云先生(sheng)文(wen)集(ji)(ji)(ji)》四(si)卷(juan),卷(juan)一(yi)至三(san)為(wei)詩。馮時行(xing)詩,以(yi)影印文(wen)淵(yuan)閣《四(si)庫全(quan)書(shu)·縉云文(wen)集(ji)(ji)(ji)》為(wei)底(di)本,校(xiao)以(yi)清趙氏小(xiao)山(shan)堂抄本(簡稱(cheng)小(xiao)山(shan)堂本,藏北京(jing)圖(tu)書(shu)館)。另(ling)從《永樂大典》等(deng)書(shu)輯得之集(ji)(ji)(ji)外詩,編為(wei)卷(juan)四(si)。《四(si)庫全(quan)書(shu)·縉云文(wen)集(ji)(ji)(ji)·提要》云其詩:“忠(zhong)義之氣隱然可見(jian)。”