加(jia)蟹(xie)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)籠包(bao)(bao)(bao)是江蘇省常(chang)州(zhou)地區(qu)特色傳統(tong)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)吃,是常(chang)州(zhou)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)河沿浮橋南(nan)堍的(de)(de)萬華茶樓(lou)于清道光年(nian)間首創,每年(nian)中(zhong)秋節(jie)前后,桂花盛開之際上市供(gong)應。加(jia)蟹(xie)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)籠包(bao)(bao)(bao),原(yuan)來叫加(jia)蟹(xie)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)籠饅(man)頭(tou)。(饅(man)頭(tou)誕生時(shi)本無包(bao)(bao)(bao)子(zi)這一(yi)稱(cheng)呼。宋(song)朝開始北方(fang)人(ren)把有陷(xian)的(de)(de)饅(man)頭(tou)叫做包(bao)(bao)(bao)子(zi),而南(nan)方(fang)仍(reng)然一(yi)律稱(cheng)為(wei)饅(man)頭(tou)。如今隨著普通話的(de)(de)推廣南(nan)方(fang)也(ye)開始稱(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)子(zi)了。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)籠饅(man)頭(tou)誕生時(shi),常(chang)州(zhou)人(ren)仍(reng)無包(bao)(bao)(bao)子(zi)一(yi)說,故名為(wei)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)籠饅(man)頭(tou);如今因為(wei)語(yu)言(yan)環境的(de)(de)變化,一(yi)般都(dou)稱(cheng)為(wei)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)籠包(bao)(bao)(bao)。
油黃金亮(liang),汁水汪(wang)汪(wang),蟹香(xiang)撲鼻,鮮美(mei)濃郁,是(shi)人間美(mei)味(wei)。
1.將炒鍋置中火上燒熱,放(fang)入熟豬油,燒至(zhi)五成(cheng)(cheng)熱,倒入蟹(xie)(xie)黃,用(yong)鐵勺溜(liu)動,待香味(wei)溢出,油呈(cheng)金黃色時,再倒入蟹(xie)(xie)粉(fen),15分鐘(zhong)后,起鍋裝在2只缽(bo)中,凝凍成(cheng)(cheng)蟹(xie)(xie)油(2.1公斤)。
2.鍋(guo)(guo)內(nei)放清(qing)水3.5公(gong)斤,將鮮豬肉皮刮洗干凈,入(ru)鍋(guo)(guo)煮(zhu)至五成(cheng)熟,撈(lao)出并洗凈。撤(che)去(qu)鍋(guo)(guo)內(nei)浮沫(mo),放回肉皮煮(zhu)至七成(cheng)爛,撈(lao)出,切成(cheng)米粒狀,再入(ru)鍋(guo)(guo),加(jia)食鹽、蔥(cong)結(25克)、姜(jiang)塊(50克)、紹酒(75克)、綿白糖(50克)、醬油(you)(125克),煮(zhu)沸后撤(che)去(qu)浮沫(mo),再煮(zhu)30分鐘(zhong)成(cheng)皮湯,撈(lao)去(qu)蔥(cong)、姜(jiang),起鍋(guo)(guo)盛裝(zhuang)于缽內(nei),凝成(cheng)皮凍(4.5公(gong)斤)。
3.將(jiang)豬肉洗凈,切成(cheng)米粒狀,放入(ru)盆(pen)內(nei),加綿白(bai)糖(50克),紹酒(100克)、精(jing)鹽、味精(jing)和剁成(cheng)末的蔥、姜(jiang)(各50克)拌勻(yun)。再將(jiang)皮(pi)凍切成(cheng)米粒狀,放入(ru)肉盆(pen)內(nei),拌和成(cheng)餡(9公(gong)斤)。
4.將面(mian)(mian)(mian)粉(1公斤(jin))放入面(mian)(mian)(mian)缸,中間扒(ba)窩,把酵種撕碎(sui)放入,用(yong)60℃熱(re)水400克揉(rou)合(he)(he)成(cheng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)團,用(yong)刀劃(hua)開透氣,涼后仍揉(rou)合(he)(he),蓋(gai)上一層布,發(fa)(fa)酵約4小時即成(cheng)發(fa)(fa)面(mian)(mian)(mian)。另將面(mian)(mian)(mian)粉(3.3公斤(jin))和(he)60℃熱(re)水1.3公斤(jin),揉(rou)合(he)(he)成(cheng)嫩面(mian)(mian)(mian),略(lve)劃(hua)開透氣后仍揉(rou)合(he)(he)。用(yong)熱(re)水100克將食堿(jian)溶化,然后將發(fa)(fa)面(mian)(mian)(mian)和(he)嫩面(mian)(mian)(mian)分(fen)別(bie)蘸堿(jian)液(俗稱蘸堿(jian)法),反復使勁(jing)揉(rou)勻(yun)成(cheng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)團。
5.將(jiang)面團搓成長條,摘成600只面劑(ji)(每只重10克),撒上(shang)(shang)撲面(300克),分(fen)別將(jiang)面劑(ji)撳成直徑5厘米,邊(bian)薄(bo)中厚的圓皮,包上(shang)(shang)餡心(xin)(15克),再(zai)加(jia)上(shang)(shang)蟹油(3.5克),逐只捏成16至18個花紋的小包子(zi)。用刷子(zi)將(jiang)豆(dou)油分(fen)刷在50只小籠(long)的底墊上(shang)(shang)(防粘),每籠(long)裝(zhuang)12只,然后上(shang)(shang)旺火沸(fei)水蒸鍋蒸約8分(fen)鐘即成。同(tong)時(shi)備姜絲、香醋(cu)佐食。