郭云(yun)深(shen)(shen)(1820~1900),直隸深(shen)(shen)縣馬莊人,家不富足,力(li)食(shi)四(si)方,兼訪(fang)名(ming)師(shi),聞劉(liu)曉(xiao)蘭先(xian)生(sheng)名(ming)氣,便(bian)訪(fang)至(zhi)易(yi)州西(xi)(xi)陵,也拜孫(sun)亭立先(xian)生(sheng)為師(shi)練八極(ji)拳(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan),住在劉(liu)曉(xiao)蘭先(xian)生(sheng)處,這樣劉(liu)曉(xiao)蘭先(xian)生(sheng)與(yu)郭云(yun)深(shen)(shen)先(xian)生(sheng)成(cheng)了(le)八極(ji)拳(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)門中的(de)“譜(pu)兄弟”。孫(sun)亭立先(xian)生(sheng)見(jian)郭云(yun)深(shen)(shen)學拳(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)已(yi)成(cheng),便(bian)讓(rang)他也去山西(xi)(xi)李老能(neng)那(nei)里學形(xing)意拳(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)。郭云(yun)深(shen)(shen)到山西(xi)(xi)太(tai)谷以同鄉之關(guan)系(xi)拜見(jian)李老能(neng)先(xian)生(sheng),說明來(lai)意,并將八極(ji)拳(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)中的(de)剛猛猴拳(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)和梨花大(da)槍演示(shi)給李老能(neng)先(xian)生(sheng)看。李先(xian)生(sheng)見(jian)郭云(yun)深(shen)(shen)所練手法靈(ling)速、氣勢嚴整而神氣活妙,遂收為弟子(zi)。當時李老能(neng)以租(zu)種菜園為生(sheng)計,郭云(yun)深(shen)(shen)幫助灌田、耕耘,一應事(shi)情非常勤快,深(shen)(shen)得(de)老能(neng)先(xian)生(sheng)的(de)喜愛,便(bian)傾囊(nang)相授(shou),郭十二年后(hou)藝成(cheng)。后(hou)來(lai)因鏟除惡(e)霸(ba),犯了(le)人命官司,被關(guan)進(jin)監牢,仍苦(ku)練功夫,由于項上有枷,腳上鐵銬的(de)緣故(gu),練就了(le)只能(neng)邁出(chu)半(ban)步的(de)絕技——半(ban)步崩拳(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan),所以,后(hou)來(lai)郭云(yun)深(shen)(shen)名(ming)揚大(da)江南北(bei),以“半(ban)步崩拳(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)打遍天(tian)下”而著稱(cheng)。
郭(guo)云深(shen)在當時武術界很有(you)(you)聲望(wang)。他的(de)(de)練拳(quan)(quan),靜如(ru)(ru)泰山,動如(ru)(ru)飛鳥。如(ru)(ru)遇不測之事(shi),只(zhi)要耳聞目(mu)見,不管對(dui)方拳(quan)(quan)棒有(you)(you)多快(kuai),皆能避之。有(you)(you)一(yi)次(ci)郭(guo)云深(shen)想試試自己(ji)的(de)(de)功(gong)夫,讓五個壯士各(ge)持一(yi)木棍(gun),其一(yi)端頂住郭(guo)云深(shen)的(de)(de)腹部(bu),郭(guo)云深(shen)一(yi)轉腰,將(jiang)五人打出一(yi)丈開外(wai)。對(dui)形意拳(quan)(quan)理(li)論,進(jin)行(xing)過系統的(de)(de)研究和總結,遺著有(you)(you)《能說形意拳(quan)(quan)經》一(yi)書。郭(guo)云深(shen)在北(bei)方數省教授學生多人,晚年隱居鄉間,七十余歲而(er)終。
郭云深(shen)的(de)名聲甚囂塵上,當然有人不(bu)(bu)服(fu),河北(bei)正安縣有個(ge)綽號叫(jiao)“鬼八(ba)卦”的(de)焦蘿夫曾用(yong)桿(gan)子(zi)戰(zhan)勝大槍劉德(de)寬而聞名遐(xia)爾,就對郭云深(shen)很不(bu)(bu)服(fu)氣。并前來與郭云深(shen)較量(liang)。交手僅一(yi)(yi)個(ge)回合,焦洛夫就被(bei)打倒在地。他(ta)遂閉門不(bu)(bu)出,終日琢磨破解崩(beng)拳之法。一(yi)(yi)天,他(ta)從庖(pao)丁刀(dao)切蘿卜中悟出砍法可破崩(beng)拳,于是苦練多年,直到掌(zhang)力將碗口粗(cu)的(de)白(bai)蠟桿(gan)一(yi)(yi)格即斷后,這才(cai)又邀郭云深(shen)較量(liang)。
對于三年(nian)之(zhi)后的(de)重會,郭(guo)云(yun)深(shen)知(zhi)道(dao)焦(jiao)功夫(fu)(fu)必然(ran)大進。只見他(ta)(ta)嘿(hei)嘿(hei)冷笑一(yi)聲,喝道(dao):“鬼子焦(jiao),看拳(quan)。”人還是那(nei)(nei)個人,拳(quan)還是那(nei)(nei)個拳(quan),可憐焦(jiao)洛夫(fu)(fu)三年(nian)的(de)臥薪嘗膽,仍然(ran)難以阻(zu)擋這疾愈迅(xun)雷的(de)攻勢。他(ta)(ta)雖(sui)然(ran)如庖丁解牛(niu)般揮動雙臂施展(zhan)爛熟于胸的(de)砍(kan)法破(po)解崩拳(quan),但他(ta)(ta)砍(kan)向郭(guo)云(yun)深(shen)的(de)手刀,一(yi)與攻來(lai)的(de)崩拳(quan)相(xiang)交(jiao),就如同波濤(tao)洶涌的(de)巨浪撲向銅墻鐵(tie)壁,“嘭(peng)”的(de)一(yi)聲悶響(xiang),猶如山(shan)墻倒塌,焦(jiao)洛夫(fu)(fu)再次坐在地(di)上(shang)。焦(jiao)洛夫(fu)(fu)屢與高(gao)手較技,可說未有(you)(you)敗(bai)績,此(ci)番(fan)兩次栽在郭(guo)云(yun)深(shen)手上(shang),仍是心有(you)(you)不甘,總(zong)覺得自己苦(ku)練的(de)“砍(kan)法”似(si)乎缺少點(dian)東西,便絞盡腦(nao)汁,冥思苦(ku)想(xiang),想(xiang)出(chu)一(yi)招,于是,他(ta)(ta)又邀郭(guo)云(yun)深(shen)比試(shi)。
二人搭手進招(zhao),郭云深(shen)(shen)再以崩(beng)拳進擊(ji);只見焦(jiao)洛(luo)夫這次施展砍(kan)法不(bu)是向(xiang)下(xia),而(er)是小(xiao)臂上挑(tiao)。郭云深(shen)(shen)隱然(ran)一(yi)(yi)驚(jing),急變(bian)崩(beng)拳為化(hua)勁卸掉了對(dui)方的(de)上挑(tiao)之力(li);焦(jiao)洛(luo)夫只微(wei)微(wei)一(yi)(yi)楞神(shen),就覺一(yi)(yi)股驚(jing)濤拍岸(an)般(ban)的(de)崩(beng)拳又一(yi)(yi)次打在(zai)胸上,他(ta)(ta)第三(san)次撲(pu)翻在(zai)地。焦(jiao)洛(luo)夫不(bu)僅喟(kui)然(ran)長嘆:‘好崩(beng)拳。”他(ta)(ta)挽(wan)起胳膊上的(de)衣袖,露出(chu)綁(bang)著的(de)利刃,欲在(zai)對(dui)方崩(beng)拳打來,挑(tiao)斷其(qi)臂,可是郭云深(shen)(shen)的(de)半步崩(beng)拳實(shi)在(zai)出(chu)神(shen)入化(hua),方使其(qi)謀算落空(kong)。從此,郭云深(shen)(shen)以半步崩(beng)拳三(san)勝“鬼八卦”焦(jiao)洛(luo)夫的(de)事跡不(bu)脛而(er)走。
形(xing)意拳三(san)體(ti)(ti)式(shi)(shi),兩足(zu)要并重(zhong),不可單(dan)重(zhong)。單(dan)重(zhong)者(zhe),非(fei)一(yi)足(zu)著(zhu)(zhu)地,一(yi)足(zu)懸起,不過前足(zu)可虛(xu)(xu)可實,著(zhu)(zhu)重(zhong)于(yu)后足(zu)耳(er)(er)。以(yi)后練各(ge)形(xing)各(ge)式(shi)(shi),亦(yi)有雙(shuang)(shuang)重(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)式(shi)(shi),雖然是(shi)雙(shuang)(shuang)重(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)式(shi)(shi),亦(yi)不離單(dan)重(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)重(zhong)心(xin),以(yi)至極(ji)高、極(ji)俯、極(ji)矮、極(ji)仰(yang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)形(xing)式(shi)(shi),亦(yi)總不離三(san)體(ti)(ti)式(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)重(zhong)心(xin)。故三(san)體(ti)(ti)式(shi)(shi)為萬形(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)基礎也。三(san)體(ti)(ti)式(shi)(shi)單(dan)重(zhong)者(zhe),得其中和之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)起點,動作靈(ling)(ling)活,形(xing)勢一(yi)氣,無有間斷(duan)耳(er)(er)。雙(shuang)(shuang)重(zhong)三(san)體(ti)(ti)式(shi)(shi)者(zhe),形(xing)式(shi)(shi)沉重(zhong),力氣極(ji)大,唯是(shi)陰陽不分,乾坤不辨,奇(qi)偶不顯,剛(gang)柔不判(pan),虛(xu)(xu)實不明,內開外合不清,進(jin)退起落動作不靈(ling)(ling)活。
所(suo)以形(xing)(xing)意拳(quan)三體式(shi)(shi),不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)其單重之(zhi)中和,先后天亦不(bu)(bu)(bu)交,剛(gang)多柔(rou)少,失卻(que)中和,道(dao)理(li)亦不(bu)(bu)(bu)明(ming),變化亦不(bu)(bu)(bu)通,自被(bei)血氣所(suo)拘,拙勁所(suo)捆(kun)。此皆是被(bei)三體式(shi)(shi)雙重之(zhi)所(suo)拘也。若得(de)著單重三體式(shi)(shi)中和之(zhi)道(dao)理(li),以后行之(zhi),無(wu)論單重雙重各形(xing)(xing)之(zhi)式(shi)(shi),無(wu)可無(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)可也。
練形意拳術(shu)有(you)(you)三(san)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)呼(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)。第(di)一(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)練拳術(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)呼(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi),將舌(she)(she)卷回,頂住上(shang)(shang)腭,口似開(kai)非開(kai),似合非合,呼(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)任其自(zi)然(ran),不可著意于(yu)呼(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi),因手(shou)足(zu)動作合于(yu)規(gui)(gui)矩(ju),是(shi)(shi)(shi)為調(diao)(diao)(diao)息(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法則,亦即練精化氣(qi)(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)夫也(ye)(ye)。第(di)二(er)(er)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)練拳術(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)呼(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi),口之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)開(kai)合,舌(she)(she)頂上(shang)(shang)腭等規(gui)(gui)則照前(qian),唯(wei)呼(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)與前(qian)一(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)不同,前(qian)者(zhe)手(shou)足(zu)動作,是(shi)(shi)(shi)調(diao)(diao)(diao)息(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法則,此(ci)是(shi)(shi)(shi)息(xi)調(diao)(diao)(diao)也(ye)(ye),前(qian)者(zhe)口鼻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)呼(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi),不過(guo)借(jie)此(ci)以通乎內外也(ye)(ye)。此(ci)二(er)(er)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)呼(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi),著意于(yu)丹田之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)內呼(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)也(ye)(ye),又(you)名胎息(xi),是(shi)(shi)(shi)謂練氣(qi)(qi)化神之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)也(ye)(ye)。第(di)三(san)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)練拳術(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)呼(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi),與上(shang)(shang)兩層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意又(you)不同,前(qian)一(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)明(ming)勁,有(you)(you)形于(yu)外,二(er)(er)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)暗勁,有(you)(you)形于(yu)內。此(ci)呼(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)雖(sui)有(you)(you),而若無(wu),勿(wu)忘(wang)勿(wu)助(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意思,即是(shi)(shi)(shi)神化之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)妙用也(ye)(ye),心中空空洞洞,不有(you)(you)不無(wu),非有(you)(you)非無(wu),是(shi)(shi)(shi)為無(wu)聲無(wu)臭(chou),還虛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道也(ye)(ye),此(ci)三(san)種呼(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi),為練拳術(shu)始終(zhong)本末之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)次(ci)序,即一(yi)氣(qi)(qi)貫通之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li),自(zi)有(you)(you)而化無(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道也(ye)(ye)。
形意拳之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao),練(lian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)極(ji)(ji)易(yi),亦(yi)極(ji)(ji)難。易(yi)者,是拳術之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)形式,至(zhi)(zhi)易(yi)至(zhi)(zhi)簡而(er)不(bu)繁亂。其拳術之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)始終,動(dong)作運用(yong)(yong),皆人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)不(bu)慮(lv)而(er)知,不(bu)學而(er)能(neng)者也(ye)(ye)。周身動(dong)作運用(yong)(yong),亦(yi)皆平(ping)常之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理,唯人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)未(wei)學時,手足動(dong)作運用(yong)(yong),無有規矩而(er)不(bu)能(neng)整齊(qi),所(suo)教授者,不(bu)過(guo)將人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)慮(lv)而(er)知,不(bu)學而(er)能(neng),平(ping)常所(suo)運用(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)形式,入于規矩之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中,四肢動(dong)作而(er)不(bu)散亂也(ye)(ye)。果(guo)練(lian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有恒而(er)不(bu)間斷,可以(yi)至(zhi)(zhi)于至(zhi)(zhi)善也(ye)(ye)。若到至(zhi)(zhi)善處,諸形之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)運用(yong)(yong),無不(bu)合(he)道(dao)矣。以(yi)他人觀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),有一(yi)動(dong)一(yi)靜,一(yi)言一(yi)默之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)運用(yong)(yong),奧(ao)妙不(bu)測(ce)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神氣。然而(er),自己并不(bu)知其善于拳術也(ye)(ye),因動(dong)作運用(yong)(yong),皆是平(ping)常之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)理,無強人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)難,所(suo)以(yi)拳術練(lian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)極(ji)(ji)易(yi)也(ye)(ye)。
《中庸》云(yun):“人(ren)莫(mo)不飲食也,鮮能(neng)知味也。”難者,是練(lian)者厭其拳之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)簡單,而(er)(er)不良于觀,以(yi)致(zhi)半途而(er)(er)廢者有之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),或是練(lian)者惡其道理(li)平(ping)常,而(er)(er)無有奇(qi)妙(miao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法則,自己專好剛勁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi),身外(wai)又務奇(qi)異之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)形,故鄉身練(lian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)不能(neng)得著形意(yi)拳術中和之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道也。因此,好高騖遠,看理(li)偏(pian)僻,所以(yi)拳術之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道理(li)得之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甚難。中庸云(yun):“道不遠之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),人(ren)為之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道而(er)(er)遠人(ren)。”即此意(yi)義也。郭云(yun)深(shen)論神氣(qi)
形(xing)意(yi)(yi)拳(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)術(shu)(shu)(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)無它(ta),神(shen)氣(qi)(qi)二(er)者(zhe)而(er)已(yi)。丹(dan)(dan)道(dao)始終全仗呼(hu)吸(xi),超初大(da)(da)小(xiao)周天(tian)(tian),以(yi)(yi)及還虛(xu)之(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)者(zhe),皆(jie)是(shi)(shi)呼(hu)吸(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)變(bian)化耳,拳(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)術(shu)(shu)(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)亦然,唯有(you)(you)鍛煉(lian)(lian)(lian)形(xing)體與(yu)筋骨之(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)。丹(dan)(dan)道(dao)是(shi)(shi)“精(jing)中求(qiu)動(dong)(dong)(dong),動(dong)(dong)(dong)極而(er)復(fu)靜(jing)也(ye)(ye)。”拳(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)術(shu)(shu)(shu)是(shi)(shi)“動(dong)(dong)(dong)中求(qiu)靜(jing),靜(jing)極而(er)復(fu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)也(ye)(ye)。”其(qi)初練(lian)之(zhi)(zhi)似異,以(yi)(yi)至還虛(xu)則同(tong)。《形(xing)意(yi)(yi)拳(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)經》云:“固靈根(gen)而(er)動(dong)(dong)(dong)心(xin)者(zhe),敵(di)將也(ye)(ye),養靈根(gen)而(er)靜(jing)心(xin)者(zhe),修道(dao)也(ye)(ye)。”所以(yi)(yi)形(xing)意(yi)(yi)拳(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)之(zhi)(zhi)道(dao),即丹(dan)(dan)道(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)學也(ye)(ye),丹(dan)(dan)道(dao)有(you)(you)三(san)(san)易,即練(lian)精(jing)化氣(qi)(qi);煉(lian)(lian)(lian)氣(qi)(qi)化神(shen),煉(lian)(lian)(lian)神(shen)還虛(xu)。拳(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)術(shu)(shu)(shu)亦有(you)(you)三(san)(san)易,即易骨,易筋,易髓,此(ci)(ci)(ci)三(san)(san)易即拳(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)中明勁(jing)、暗勁(jing)、化勁(jing)也(ye)(ye)。練(lian)至拳(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)無拳(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)意(yi)(yi)無意(yi)(yi),無意(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)中是(shi)(shi)真意(yi)(yi),亦與(yu)丹(dan)(dan)道(dao)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)虛(xu)合道(dao)相(xiang)合也(ye)(ye)。丹(dan)(dan)道(dao)有(you)(you)最初還虛(xu)之(zhi)(zhi)功(gong),以(yi)(yi)至虛(xu)極靜(jing)駕之(zhi)(zhi)時(shi),下元真陽(yang)發(fa)動(dong)(dong)(dong),即速回光返照,凝神(shen)入氣(qi)(qi)穴,息(xi)息(xi)歸根(gen),神(shen)氣(qi)(qi)未交之(zhi)(zhi)時(shi),存(cun)(cun)神(shen)用意(yi)(yi),綿綿若存(cun)(cun),念茲(zi)在茲(zi),此(ci)(ci)(ci)武(wu)火(huo)之(zhi)(zhi)謂也(ye)(ye),至神(shen)氣(qi)(qi)已(yi)交,又當忘息(xi),以(yi)(yi)致采取(qu)歸爐、封固、停息(xi)、沐浴(yu)、起火(huo)、進(jin)退、升降歸根(gen),俟動(dong)(dong)(dong)而(er)復(fu)煉(lian)(lian)(lian),煉(lian)(lian)(lian)至不(bu)(bu)動(dong)(dong)(dong),為限數足滿,止火(huo),謂之(zhi)(zhi)坎(kan)離交妒,此(ci)(ci)(ci)為小(xiao)周天(tian)(tian),以(yi)(yi)至大(da)(da)周天(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)夫,無非自無而(er)生(sheng)有(you)(you),由微而(er)至著,由小(xiao)而(er)至大(da)(da),由虛(xu)而(er)積累(lei),皆(jie)呼(hu)吸(xi)火(huo)侯之(zhi)(zhi)變(bian)化,文武(wu)剛柔,隨時(shi)消息(xi),此(ci)(ci)(ci)皆(jie)是(shi)(shi)順中用逆(ni)(ni),逆(ni)(ni)中行順,用其(qi)無過(guo)不(bu)(bu)及中和之(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)也(ye)(ye),也(ye)(ye)不(bu)(bu)過(guo)略言(yan)丹(dan)(dan)道(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)概(gai)耳。丹(dan)(dan)道(dao)與(yu)拳(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)術(shu)(shu)(shu)并(bing)行不(bu)(bu)悖,故形(xing)意(yi)(yi)拳(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)術(shu)(shu)(shu)非粗率之(zhi)(zhi)武(wu)藝。余恐后來練(lian)形(xing)意(yi)(yi)拳(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)術(shu)(shu)(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)人,只用其(qi)后天(tian)(tian)血氣(qi)(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)功(gong),不(bu)(bu)知有(you)(you)先(xian)天(tian)(tian)真陽(yang)之(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi),故發(fa)明形(xing)意(yi)(yi)拳(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)術(shu)(shu)(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)道(dao),只此(ci)(ci)(ci)神(shen)氣(qi)(qi)二(er)者(zhe)而(er)已(yi)。故此(ci)(ci)(ci)先(xian)言(yan)丹(dan)(dan)道(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)概(gai),后在論拳(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)術(shu)(shu)(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)詳情(qing)。形(xing)意(yi)(yi)拳(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)術(shu)(shu)(shu)有(you)(you)三(san)(san)層道(dao)理,有(you)(you)三(san)(san)步功(gong)夫,有(you)(you)三(san)(san)種練(lian)法。
三層道理
練(lian)精化氣(qi);練(lian)氣(qi)化神;練(lian)神還(huan)虛(練(lian)之(zhi)以變(bian)化人之(zhi)氣(qi)質,復(fu)其本然(ran)之(zhi)真也(ye))。
三步功夫
易骨:練之以筑其基(ji),以壯其體(ti),骨體(ti)堅(jian)如鐵石(shi),而形式氣質(zhi),威嚴(yan)狀(zhuang)似(si)泰山(shan)。
易筋:練之以(yi)騰其(qi)膜,以(yi)長其(qi)筋(俗(su)云:筋長力大),其(qi)勁(jing)縱橫聯絡,生長而無窮也。
洗髓:練(lian)之(zhi)以清虛其(qi)內,以輕松其(qi)體,內中清虛之(zhi)象:神氣運用,圓活無滯身(shen)體動(dong)轉,其(qi)輕如羽(拳經云:三回(hui)九轉是一(yi)式,即此意(yi)義(yi)也)。
三種練法
明勁(jing):練之總(zong)以(yi)規(gui)矩不(bu)可易,身體動轉(zhuan)要和順而不(bu)可乖戾,手足起(qi)落要整齊而不(bu)可散亂。拳經(jing)云:“方(fang)者以(yi)正其中”即此意也。
暗勁:練(lian)之神氣(qi)要(yao)舒展而不可(ke)拘,運(yun)用要(yao)圓通活潑(po)而不可(ke)滯。拳經云:“圓者(zhe)以(yi)應(ying)其外(wai)”即此意也。
化勁:練之(zhi)周(zhou)身(shen)四肢(zhi)動(dong)轉(zhuan)(zhuan),起落、進退皆不(bu)(bu)可著(zhu)力,專以神(shen)意(yi)運(yun)用之(zhi)。雖是神(shen)意(yi)運(yun)用,惟形式(shi)規矩仍如(ru)前二種不(bu)(bu)可改移。雖然周(zhou)身(shen)動(dong)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)不(bu)(bu)著(zhu)力,亦不(bu)(bu)能全(quan)不(bu)(bu)著(zhu)力,總在(zai)神(shen)意(yi)之(zhi)貫(guan)通耳。拳(quan)經云:“三回九轉(zhuan)(zhuan)是一(yi)式(shi)”即此意(yi)義也。