一.產品介紹
永(yong)康(kang)(kang)方山(shan)(shan)柿久享盛名(ming),具(ju)有上千年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)栽培歷史(shi),早(zao)在宋(song)(song)朝(chao)時(shi)就被(bei)(bei)列(lie)為(wei)(wei)貢(gong)品(pin)。南(nan)宋(song)(song)著(zhu)名(ming)政治家、思想家、文學(xue)家、永(yong)康(kang)(kang)狀元陳亮在《永(yong)康(kang)(kang)地景賦》中(zhong)稱“嘗方山(shan)(shan)柿,其味如(ru)蘭(lan)”。明朝(chao)正(zheng)德七(qi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)、康(kang)(kang)熙三十(shi)七(qi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)及(ji)道光(guang)十(shi)七(qi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)等《永(yong)康(kang)(kang)縣志》“物產”一欄果類中(zhong)均(jun)有柿記(ji)載。康(kang)(kang)熙年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian)留下描(miao)寫方山(shan)(shan)柿豐收的(de)詩(shi)歌眾(zhong)多,如(ru)“人間(jian)何處覓丹砂,染(ran)就離離柿實華,恰(qia)喜初晴(qing)題好句,一天彩落滿林霞”,又如(ru)“赤(chi)實離離結蒂懸,柿林一望(wang)晚增妍,霞光(guang)倒影珠璣來,日色(se)添紅(hong)琥珀鮮,葉上斑斕書自進,枝頭紫翠鳥難前,由來勝地珠堪賞(shang),指點秋原未(wei)肯還”。通過多年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)努力,永(yong)康(kang)(kang)方山(shan)(shan)柿創牌(pai)工(gong)作取得(de)了顯著(zhu)的(de)成績。2002年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)永(yong)康(kang)(kang)方山(shan)(shan)柿鄉土品(pin)種(zhong)被(bei)(bei)省林業(ye)廳認(ren)(ren)定(ding)(ding)(ding)為(wei)(wei)林木良種(zhong),先后被(bei)(bei)省和金(jin)華名(ming)牌(pai)產品(pin)認(ren)(ren)定(ding)(ding)(ding)委員會(hui)認(ren)(ren)定(ding)(ding)(ding)為(wei)(wei)“浙江(jiang)省名(ming)牌(pai)產品(pin)”、“金(jin)華市名(ming)牌(pai)產品(pin)”,連續五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)被(bei)(bei)省農業(ye)博(bo)覽會(hui)評(ping)為(wei)(wei)金(jin)獎(jiang),也曾獲義烏森博(bo)會(hui)金(jin)獎(jiang),2006年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)被(bei)(bei)認(ren)(ren)定(ding)(ding)(ding)為(wei)(wei)浙江(jiang)省著(zhu)名(ming)商(shang)標、浙江(jiang)名(ming)牌(pai)產品(pin),2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)中(zhong)國經(jing)濟林協(xie)會(hui)授(shou)予(yu)了永(yong)康(kang)(kang)市為(wei)(wei)“中(zhong)國方山(shan)(shan)柿之(zhi)鄉”。
二.自然生態環境(jing)和(he)人文歷史因(yin)素
永康(kang)市地(di)貌(mao)以丘陵(ling)盆地(di)為(wei)主,整(zheng)個(ge)地(di)勢北部、東部及南部多(duo)山(shan),中(zhong)部、西(xi)北地(di)勢平緩、丘阜廣布。河流兩(liang)岸低地(di)延(yan)伸,形(xing)成(cheng)階梯狀(zhuang)的地(di)貌(mao)特征,呈走廊(lang)式的盆地(di),仙霞余脈綿亙于(yu)永康(kang)邊境,形(xing)成(cheng)一(yi)個(ge)東、南、北三面(mian)向中(zhong)、西(xi)逐級傾降的開口式盆地(di)——永康(kang)盆地(di),境內最(zui)高(gao)處是(shi)東部的黃寮(liao)山(shan)尖(jian),海拔(ba)96.m。永康(kang)市屬亞(ya)熱(re)(re)(re)帶季風(feng)氣(qi)候(hou)區,光熱(re)(re)(re)水資源豐富,雨熱(re)(re)(re)同步,光熱(re)(re)(re)互補,四(si)季分明,適宜于(yu)多(duo)種亞(ya)熱(re)(re)(re)帶綠(lv)化樹種的生(sheng)(sheng)長。年(nian)平均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)7.5℃,七月(yue)份平均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)9.5℃,一(yi)月(yue)份平均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)5.℃.極端(duan)最(zui)低氣(qi)溫(wen)-.8℃;常年(nian)無霜期(qi)45天(tian);年(nian)平均(jun)(jun)日(ri)照時(shi)數為(wei)909小時(shi);大于(yu)等(deng)于(yu)0℃的作物活躍生(sheng)(sheng)長期(qi)的活動積(ji)溫(wen)5544℃,年(nian)降雨量8.8mm。主要(yao)災(zai)害性氣(qi)候(hou)有低溫(wen)、洪澇(lao)、干旱、臺風(feng)、冰雹和龍卷風(feng)等(deng)。永康(kang)市土(tu)壤主要(yao)有黃壤、紅壤、巖(yan)性土(tu)、潮土(tu)和水稻土(tu)五大類(lei),其(qi)中(zhong),以紅壤分布面(mian)積(ji)最(zui)大,占全市土(tu)壤面(mian)積(ji)的5.4%,主要(yao)分布于(yu)低山(shan)、丘陵(ling)。
三.地域范圍
永康方山柿農產品地(di)理(li)標志地(di)域(yu)保護(hu)范圍包括(kuo)永康市轄區13個鎮(zhen)(區、街(jie)道(dao)),北(bei)至唐(tang)先(xian)鎮(zhen)安(an)坑(keng)村(cun)(cun),東(dong)至西溪鎮(zhen)后崗頭村(cun)(cun),南至前倉(cang)鎮(zhen)大塢村(cun)(cun),西至花(hua)街(jie)鎮(zhen)陳弄坑(keng)村(cun)(cun),地(di)理(li)坐標為北(bei)緯(wei)28°45’31〞—29o06'19〞和(he)東(dong)經119o53'38〞-120o20’48〞之(zhi)間。現有方山柿種植面積11000畝,年產量3600余(yu)噸,保護(hu)區域(yu)面積60萬畝。
四(si).產品品質特(te)性(xing)特(te)征(zheng)
成(cheng)熟(shu)期0月下旬(xun)到月上(shang)旬(xun) ,果(guo)實圓形(xing)或方圓形(xing),果(guo)頂(ding)平,果(guo)頂(ding)十字溝淺,萼片直(zhi)立(li),柿蒂方形(xing)、平展;單(dan)果(guo)重5克左右(you);成(cheng)熟(shu)果(guo)色(se)澤(ze)鮮艷,橙(cheng)黃(huang)至橙(cheng)紅果(guo)肉(rou)(rou)顏色(se)與果(guo)皮(pi)相近(jin),肉(rou)(rou)質(zhi)細膩,汁(zhi)液豐富(fu),甘醇適口,香氣獨特,纖維少(shao),充分成(cheng)熟(shu)的果(guo)實甚至可插入吸(xi)(xi)管將(jiang)果(guo)肉(rou)(rou)吸(xi)(xi)凈,只(zhi)剩果(guo)皮(pi),無(wu)核或少(shao)核,可食(shi)率高(gao),品質(zhi)特佳。可溶性固形(xing)物含(han)量(liang)達 8%-5%,果(guo)肉(rou)(rou)含(han)蛋白質(zhi)0.56 %-0.75%、脂(zhi)肪 0.05%-0.06%、每百(bai)克果(guo)肉(rou)(rou)含(han)維生素 C 毫(hao)(hao)(hao)克- 8 毫(hao)(hao)(hao) 克、胡蘿卜素 0.5 毫(hao)(hao)(hao)克-0.5 毫(hao)(hao)(hao)克、磷 5 毫(hao)(hao)(hao)克-8 毫(hao)(hao)(hao)克、鈣 7. 毫(hao)(hao)(hao)克-8.5 毫(hao)(hao)(hao)克、鐵(tie) 0.085 毫(hao)(hao)(hao)克-0.095 毫(hao)(hao)(hao)克,水(shui)分含(han)量(liang) 7%-80%、碳水(shui)化(hua)合物含(han)量(liang)7%-9%。
五.特定(ding)生產方式
方山柿宜種(zhong)植(zhi)在(zai)海拔高(gao)度(du)100米-600米之間,光(guang)照充足,地(di)(di)勢背風(feng)、上風(feng)口有防護(hu)林防護(hu)的山坡或丘(qiu)陵地(di)(di),坡度(du)在(zai)25°以下,土(tu)(tu)(tu)層深厚,土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤有機質豐(feng)富,PH中性偏酸,通(tong)透(tou)性好。定植(zhi)穴(xue)回填部(bu)分表(biao)土(tu)(tu)(tu),苗(miao)木放入穴(xue)內,舒(shu)展(zhan)根系,加入細土(tu)(tu)(tu)輕(qing)(qing)輕(qing)(qing)提苗(miao),踏實培土(tu)(tu)(tu),形成(cheng)稍高(gao)于地(di)(di)面的土(tu)(tu)(tu)堆,嫁接口略高(gao)于土(tu)(tu)(tu)面。種(zhong)植(zhi)后及時澆定根水。
六.包裝(zhuang)標識相關規(gui)定
標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)識使用人應(ying)在(zai)其產品(pin)或(huo)包裝上(shang)統一(yi)使用農(nong)產品(pin)地(di)理標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)識。包裝容(rong)器(qi)上(shang)應(ying)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)明產品(pin)、品(pin)名、質(zhi)量等級、產地(di)名稱、規(gui)格、重量(毛重、凈(jing)重)、包裝日期、經銷單位、檢測人員姓(xing)名或(huo)代(dai)號(hao)等,并標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)記小心(xin)輕放(fang)、怕濕(shi)、怕高(gao)溫等貯運(yun)圖示標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)識。