斯(si)特拉(la)文斯(si)基(Stravinsky)的(de)(de)(de)舞劇《士兵(bing)的(de)(de)(de)故事(shi)》(L'histoire du Soldat),作(zuo)(zuo)品無編號,取材于俄國士兵(bing)中(zhong)流行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)民間故事(shi),由拉(la)繆(mou)作(zuo)(zuo)腳本,表(biao)現的(de)(de)(de)是士兵(bing)與奪取他靈魂(hun)的(de)(de)(de)惡魔作(zuo)(zuo)斗爭的(de)(de)(de)故事(shi),作(zuo)(zuo)于1918年(nian),該年(nian)9月(yue)28日由安(an)塞美(mei)指揮首演。
這部(bu)舞(wu)劇的(de)(de)劇情(qing)為:一(yi)名士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)利用(yong)(yong)半月休(xiu)假回鄉(xiang)探(tan)親,在河邊坐下(xia)拉(la)起(qi)(qi)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)提(ti)(ti)琴(qin),化妝成(cheng)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)老頭的(de)(de)惡(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)魔(mo)聞聲而(er)來(lai)(lai),愿(yuan)以(yi)(yi)魔(mo)法之(zhi)(zhi)書(shu)(shu)與(yu)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)交(jiao)換小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)提(ti)(ti)琴(qin)。士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)答應(ying),并去(qu)老頭家(jia)(jia)過了3天,這3天實(shi)為3年,士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)回家(jia)(jia),未婚(hun)妻已(yi)與(yu)別人(ren)結婚(hun)生子。士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)絕(jue)望后(hou),用(yong)(yong)魔(mo)法書(shu)(shu)而(er)發(fa)財(cai)成(cheng)了富翁,但(dan)他一(yi)點也不(bu)(bu)幸福,于是出門冒險。有一(yi)天來(lai)(lai)到(dao)一(yi)個(ge)國家(jia)(jia),正逢公主(zhu)(zhu)患(huan)病而(er)不(bu)(bu)吃不(bu)(bu)喝,士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)前去(qu)醫治,想治好娶她為妻。在路(lu)上(shang)碰上(shang)為相同目的(de)(de)的(de)(de)惡(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)魔(mo),惡(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)魔(mo)欲以(yi)(yi)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)提(ti)(ti)琴(qin)醫公主(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)疾,但(dan)在玩紙牌時把(ba)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)提(ti)(ti)琴(qin)輸(shu)給(gei)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)。士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)以(yi)(yi)他的(de)(de)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)提(ti)(ti)琴(qin)給(gei)公主(zhu)(zhu)演(yan)奏(zou)各種舞(wu)曲(qu),治愈了公主(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)病,兩人(ren)欣喜若狂。惡(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)魔(mo)嫉妒(du)而(er)咒士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)離開這個(ge)國家(jia)(jia),士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)因想念故(gu)鄉(xiang)而(er)邀公主(zhu)(zhu)一(yi)起(qi)(qi)返鄉(xiang),剛跨出國境就被惡(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)魔(mo)俘獲,最后(hou)以(yi)(yi)惡(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)魔(mo)凱(kai)旋(xuan)告(gao)終(zhong)(zhong)。全(quan)劇音(yin)樂包括(kuo):第(di)(di)一(yi)部(bu):1.士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)進(jin)行曲(qu),表(biao)現士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)爬山涉水,走向故(gu)鄉(xiang)的(de)(de)情(qing)景,結束進(jin)行曲(qu)后(hou),表(biao)現蹣跚步(bu)行的(de)(de)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)稍作(zuo)(zuo)休(xiu)息的(de)(de)場(chang)景。2.第(di)(di)一(yi)景的(de)(de)音(yin)樂,士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)與(yu)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)提(ti)(ti)琴(qin)。士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)在小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)河邊休(xiu)息,朗(lang)誦獨(du)白“真是一(yi)個(ge)寥(liao)無(wu)人(ren)跡的(de)(de)地方,我(wo)是一(yi)名貧窮的(de)(de)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)”。士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)取出小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)提(ti)(ti)琴(qin)拉(la)琴(qin),低(di)音(yin)管奏(zou)惡(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)魔(mo)主(zhu)(zhu)題,幕(mu)拉(la)上(shang)后(hou),惡(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)魔(mo)上(shang)場(chang)。3.第(di)(di)二景的(de)(de)音(yin)樂,惡(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)魔(mo)與(yu)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)對話(hua),單簧管代(dai)表(biao)惡(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)魔(mo),低(di)音(yin)管代(dai)表(biao)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)。士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)起(qi)(qi)先(xian)拒絕(jue)誘惑(huo),以(yi)(yi)田園(yuan)風格(ge)的(de)(de)旋(xuan)律應(ying)答。單簧管再次(ci)表(biao)示(shi)誘惑(huo),表(biao)示(shi)愿(yuan)以(yi)(yi)魔(mo)法書(shu)(shu)來(lai)(lai)作(zuo)(zuo)交(jiao)換。士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)起(qi)(qi)先(xian)不(bu)(bu)愿(yuan)意(yi),2件樂器巧妙應(ying)答后(hou),終(zhong)(zhong)以(yi)(yi)同一(yi)調合奏(zou)牧(mu)歌,表(biao)示(shi)達成(cheng)了協(xie)議。4.第(di)(di)三景的(de)(de)音(yin)樂,士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)用(yong)(yong)力擲出小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)提(ti)(ti)琴(qin),帶著魔(mo)法書(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)回到(dao)故(gu)鄉(xiang),故(gu)鄉(xiang)情(qing)景已(yi)不(bu)(bu)是當年模樣。
魔(mo)法書使(shi)士兵(bing)變為富翁,但他(ta)卻(que)并不(bu)感(gan)幸福(fu),小號動機表現士兵(bing)撕碎了魔(mo)法書,出門去尋(xun)找魔(mo)鬼(gui)。
第(di)二部:1.士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)進(jin)行(xing)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),表(biao)(biao)現(xian)(xian)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)又出(chu)門冒險,朗誦“士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)爬山涉水向(xiang)前(qian)走”,“他甚至不知(zhi)道(dao)自己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)去向(xiang)”。2.國(guo)王(wang)(wang)進(jin)行(xing)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),表(biao)(biao)現(xian)(xian)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)在宮中(zhong)拜見(jian)國(guo)王(wang)(wang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情景。以(yi)巴索多布萊(Paso doble)調(diao)表(biao)(biao)現(xian)(xian)宮廷氣氛,單簧管以(yi)上行(xing)琶音表(biao)(biao)現(xian)(xian)惡(e)(e)魔(mo)(mo)在場。單簧管及低音管表(biao)(biao)現(xian)(xian)裝扮成(cheng)小(xiao)提(ti)(ti)琴(qin)(qin)高手(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)惡(e)(e)魔(mo)(mo)對(dui)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)嘲諷后,長號奏(zou)(zou)莊(zhuang)嚴的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)動機。3.小(xiao)小(xiao)音樂(le)會(hui),士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)從(cong)惡(e)(e)魔(mo)(mo)手(shou)中(zhong)奪(duo)回小(xiao)提(ti)(ti)琴(qin)(qin),開始(shi)(shi)演奏(zou)(zou),這是為(wei)(wei)公(gong)(gong)主(zhu)(zhu)演奏(zou)(zou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)一(yi)首曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)子,所以(yi)還沒有(you)效(xiao)果。中(zhong)途(tu)出(chu)現(xian)(xian)惡(e)(e)魔(mo)(mo)動機的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反行(xing)。4.3首舞(wu)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),表(biao)(biao)現(xian)(xian)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)為(wei)(wei)公(gong)(gong)主(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)演奏(zou)(zou),先(xian)為(wei)(wei)探戈舞(wu)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),在打擊(ji)樂(le)節奏(zou)(zou)下,小(xiao)提(ti)(ti)琴(qin)(qin)奏(zou)(zou)幽默的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)旋(xuan)律(lv);接著為(wei)(wei)圓舞(wu)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),再(zai)為(wei)(wei)繁音曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。5.惡(e)(e)魔(mo)(mo)之舞(wu),惡(e)(e)魔(mo)(mo)終(zhong)于(yu)敗在士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)提(ti)(ti)琴(qin)(qin)技巧下,惡(e)(e)魔(mo)(mo)不甘心地爬起來窺(kui)視士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)破(po)綻,士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)再(zai)拿出(chu)小(xiao)提(ti)(ti)琴(qin)(qin)開始(shi)(shi)演奏(zou)(zou),惡(e)(e)魔(mo)(mo)隨音樂(le)起舞(wu),終(zhong)于(yu)跳得(de)精(jing)疲力竭(jie)而(er)倒地。6.小(xiao)圣詠曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)與(yu)公(gong)(gong)主(zhu)(zhu)擁抱,4把(ba)管樂(le)器(qi)以(yi)對(dui)位奏(zou)(zou)類似古代旋(xuan)律(lv)法的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)旋(xuan)律(lv)。7.惡(e)(e)魔(mo)(mo)之歌,為(wei)(wei)失敗的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)惡(e)(e)魔(mo)(mo)發出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)咒(zhou)語伴(ban)奏(zou)(zou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)音樂(le)。8.大圣詠曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),4把(ba)管樂(le)器(qi)合奏(zou)(zou)抒(shu)情主(zhu)(zhu)題,士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)告訴公(gong)(gong)主(zhu)(zhu)有(you)關故鄉的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)切,音樂(le)籠罩在思鄉情緒之中(zhong)。9.惡(e)(e)魔(mo)(mo)凱旋(xuan)進(jin)行(xing)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),描寫惡(e)(e)魔(mo)(mo)抓住正要跨(kua)越(yue)國(guo)境的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)時的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)得(de)意洋(yang)洋(yang)情景,結尾以(yi)東方神(shen)秘感,既暗示(shi)惡(e)(e)魔(mo)(mo)蹤跡,也表(biao)(biao)示(shi)對(dui)人類命運(yun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)譏諷。
這(zhe)部舞劇全劇的(de)版本可(ke)選:1.馬克(ke)維奇指(zhi)揮帕(pa)里金安(Parikian)合奏(zou)團(Cocteau朗誦)版,Philips,CD編(bian)號(hao)(hao)(hao)438 973-2(2張(zhang)(zhang),+斯(si)(si)(si)特(te)(te)(te)拉文(wen)斯(si)(si)(si)基《眾神領袖阿波(bo)羅(luo)》、《馬戲(xi)波(bo)爾卡(ka)》、第一(yi)、二組(zu)曲(qu)、《詩篇交響曲(qu)》),《企鵝(e)》評(ping)介三(san)星。2.弗倫德(de)(Friend)指(zhi)揮蘇格蘭(lan)室(shi)內樂(le)(le)團版(Christopher Lee朗誦),NIMB,CD編(bian)號(hao)(hao)(hao)NI5063,《企鵝(e)》評(ping)介三(san)星。3.布列茲指(zhi)揮巴黎現(xian)代音樂(le)(le)團版,Erato,CD編(bian)號(hao)(hao)(hao)4509 98955-2(3張(zhang)(zhang))。這(zhe)三(san)張(zhang)(zhang)唱片上(shang)另有斯(si)(si)(si)特(te)(te)(te)拉文(wen)斯(si)(si)(si)基的(de)《夜鶯(ying)之歌(ge)》、《4首(shou)樂(le)(le)隊練習曲(qu)》、《普爾欽奈拉》、《弦樂(le)(le)四重奏(zou)小品3首(shou)》、自動鋼琴練習曲(qu)《馬德(de)里》、《4首(shou)俄(e)羅(luo)斯(si)(si)(si)農民歌(ge)曲(qu)》與歌(ge)劇《夜鶯(ying)》,《企鵝(e)》評(ping)介三(san)星保(bao)留一(yi)星。斯(si)(si)(si)特(te)(te)(te)拉文(wen)斯(si)(si)(si)基指(zhi)揮哥倫比亞交響樂(le)(le)團演(yan)奏(zou)了組(zu)曲(qu),Sony,CD編(bian)號(hao)(hao)(hao)SIVOK 46291(3張(zhang)(zhang),曲(qu)目參見《春(chun)之祭》)。