《鳳還巢》為梅蘭芳根(gen)據清宮藏本《循環序》改編的(de)京劇(ju),原名(ming)(ming)《陰陽(yang)樹》,又名(ming)(ming)《丑配》,于(yu)1929年在北京首演。此劇(ju)情節巧妙,行當(dang)齊全,與清代傳(chuan)奇劇(ju)本《風箏誤(wu)》有異曲同(tong)工之妙。雪娥的(de)幾(ji)大段(duan)唱(chang)(chang)腔華(hua)麗別(bie)致、明快跌宕、如訴如歌,是梅派唱(chang)(chang)腔中廣為流(liu)傳(chuan)的(de)著(zhu)名(ming)(ming)唱(chang)(chang)段(duan)。
明朝(chao)末年,侍郎(lang)程(cheng)(cheng)浦(pu)(pu)告老還(huan)鄉。程(cheng)(cheng)浦(pu)(pu)生(sheng)有二女(nv)(nv):大(da)(da)女(nv)(nv)程(cheng)(cheng)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)雁(yan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)所生(sheng),貌奇丑且(qie)行為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)舉止粗魯;次女(nv)(nv)程(cheng)(cheng)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)側室(shi)所生(sheng),美(mei)貌聰明,程(cheng)(cheng)愛之如掌上明珠。程(cheng)(cheng)浦(pu)(pu)與(yu)宗(zong)皇朱(zhu)渙(huan)然(ran)游春,遇故友(you)之子穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)居易。程(cheng)(cheng)喜穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)居易翩翩少年,認為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)其(qi)前(qian)(qian)程(cheng)(cheng)看好(hao),欲與(yu)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)擇(ze)婿,夫(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)卻(que)(que)欲將雪(xue)(xue)(xue)雁(yan)許(xu)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。程(cheng)(cheng)壽辰,穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)來(lai)拜,留宿于書(shu)館。入(ru)(ru)夜(ye),夫(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)命己(ji)女(nv)(nv)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)雁(yan)冒雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)之名去(qu)書(shu)館會穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)見其(qi)貌丑無比,誤以為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)程(cheng)(cheng)騙婚(hun)(hun),連夜(ye)逃(tao)去(qu),途(tu)中(zhong)遇到朱(zhu)渙(huan)然(ran),朱(zhu)贈穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)銀(yin)馬助其(qi)逃(tao)跑。程(cheng)(cheng)正憂穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)生(sheng)去(qu)向不明,適逢朝(chao)廷(ting)起用(yong),只好(hao)奉(feng)旨離家(jia)出征。而垂涎雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)已久的皇族朱(zhu)煥然(ran),得(de)知(zhi)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)逃(tao)程(cheng)(cheng)去(qu),乘(cheng)機冒穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)名來(lai)程(cheng)(cheng)家(jia)迎娶雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)。夫(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)信以為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)真,即以雪(xue)(xue)(xue)雁(yan)代嫁(jia)。洞房(fang)中(zhong),兩(liang)人(ren)發現全是冒名頂替,雖后悔莫及,卻(que)(que)有苦難言,只能將錯(cuo)就錯(cuo)。這時,地(di)方強(qiang)盜作亂,夫(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)去(qu)朱(zhu)家(jia)避難,雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)因朱(zhu)行為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)不端(duan)不肯隨夫(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)前(qian)(qian)往。不久,程(cheng)(cheng)浦(pu)(pu)平定賊寇(kou),接雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)至軍中(zhong)。穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)也從軍在(zai)(zai)此。程(cheng)(cheng)又重提婚(hun)(hun)姻,穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)堅(jian)決拒(ju)婚(hun)(hun):元帥洪功及周監軍強(qiang)給主婚(hun)(hun),穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)不得(de)已說(shuo)明程(cheng)(cheng)女(nv)(nv)夤(yin)夜(ye)私(si)入(ru)(ru)書(shu)館等情。程(cheng)(cheng)知(zhi)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)誤會,堅(jian)持完(wan)婚(hun)(hun)。洞房(fang)中(zhong),穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)見雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)貌美(mei),確非私(si)入(ru)(ru)書(shu)房(fang)之人(ren),不由大(da)(da)喜。雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)卻(que)(que)因穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)拒(ju)婚(hun)(hun),委屈非常(chang),在(zai)(zai)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)一(yi)再謝罪(zui)之下,才轉(zhuan)悲為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)喜,終諧伉儷。朱(zhu)渙(huan)然(ran)被(bei)劫,攜程(cheng)(cheng)妻、雪(xue)(xue)(xue)雁(yan)來(lai)投,最終一(yi)家(jia)團聚。
2022年8月,京劇(ju)《鳳(feng)還(huan)巢》參加2022年戲(xi)曲(qu)百戲(xi)(昆山)盛典全國(guo)戲(xi)曲(qu)領(ling)軍人才優秀劇(ju)目展演。
2019年10月2日(ri)(ri),由文(wen)化(hua)和旅游部、北京(jing)市(shi)人(ren)民政(zheng)府主辦的2019中國戲曲文(wen)化(hua)周2日(ri)(ri)在(zai)北京(jing)園博園開(kai)幕。梅派《鳳還巢(chao)》得到演出。
2021年(nian)12月14、15日,上海京劇院(yuan)的《鳳還(huan)巢》將在湖(hu)南大劇院(yuan)演出。