《鳳還巢》為梅蘭芳(fang)根據清(qing)宮藏本《循環序》改編(bian)的京劇(ju),原名《陰陽(yang)樹》,又名《丑(chou)配》,于1929年在(zai)北(bei)京首演。此劇(ju)情節巧妙(miao),行(xing)當齊(qi)全,與清(qing)代傳(chuan)奇劇(ju)本《風箏誤》有異曲同工之妙(miao)。雪娥(e)的幾大段(duan)唱腔華麗(li)別致(zhi)、明快(kuai)跌宕(dang)、如訴如歌,是梅派唱腔中廣為流傳(chuan)的著名唱段(duan)。
明(ming)(ming)(ming)朝(chao)末年,侍郎程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)浦告(gao)老還鄉(xiang)。程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)浦生有二女(nv):大女(nv)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)雁(yan)為(wei)(wei)夫人(ren)(ren)所生,貌(mao)奇丑(chou)且行為(wei)(wei)舉止粗魯(lu);次女(nv)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)為(wei)(wei)側(ce)室(shi)所生,美(mei)貌(mao)聰(cong)明(ming)(ming)(ming),程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)愛之如(ru)掌上明(ming)(ming)(ming)珠(zhu)。程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)浦與宗皇朱(zhu)(zhu)渙(huan)(huan)然(ran)游春,遇故友(you)之子穆(mu)(mu)(mu)居易(yi)。程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)喜穆(mu)(mu)(mu)居易(yi)翩(pian)翩(pian)少年,認為(wei)(wei)其前(qian)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)看好(hao),欲與雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)擇婿,夫人(ren)(ren)卻(que)欲將雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)雁(yan)許穆(mu)(mu)(mu)。程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)壽辰,穆(mu)(mu)(mu)來(lai)拜,留宿于書(shu)(shu)館。入夜,夫人(ren)(ren)命己女(nv)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)雁(yan)冒(mao)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)之名去書(shu)(shu)館會穆(mu)(mu)(mu)。穆(mu)(mu)(mu)見其貌(mao)丑(chou)無比,誤以(yi)為(wei)(wei)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)騙婚(hun),連夜逃(tao)(tao)去,途中(zhong)遇到朱(zhu)(zhu)渙(huan)(huan)然(ran),朱(zhu)(zhu)贈穆(mu)(mu)(mu)銀馬助(zhu)其逃(tao)(tao)跑。程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)正憂穆(mu)(mu)(mu)生去向(xiang)不(bu)明(ming)(ming)(ming),適逢朝(chao)廷起(qi)用(yong),只好(hao)奉旨離家出征。而垂涎雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)已(yi)久的皇族朱(zhu)(zhu)煥然(ran),得知(zhi)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)逃(tao)(tao)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)去,乘機冒(mao)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)名來(lai)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)家迎娶雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)。夫人(ren)(ren)信(xin)以(yi)為(wei)(wei)真,即以(yi)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)雁(yan)代嫁。洞房中(zhong),兩人(ren)(ren)發現全是(shi)冒(mao)名頂替(ti),雖后悔莫及(ji),卻(que)有苦難言,只能將錯就錯。這(zhe)時,地(di)方強(qiang)盜作亂,夫人(ren)(ren)去朱(zhu)(zhu)家避難,雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)因朱(zhu)(zhu)行為(wei)(wei)不(bu)端不(bu)肯隨(sui)夫人(ren)(ren)前(qian)往。不(bu)久,程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)浦平(ping)定賊(zei)寇,接(jie)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)至軍中(zhong)。穆(mu)(mu)(mu)也從軍在(zai)此(ci)。程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)又重提婚(hun)姻(yin),穆(mu)(mu)(mu)堅(jian)決拒(ju)婚(hun):元(yuan)帥洪功及(ji)周監軍強(qiang)給主婚(hun),穆(mu)(mu)(mu)不(bu)得已(yi)說明(ming)(ming)(ming)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)女(nv)夤夜私入書(shu)(shu)館等情。程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)知(zhi)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)誤會,堅(jian)持(chi)完婚(hun)。洞房中(zhong),穆(mu)(mu)(mu)見雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)貌(mao)美(mei),確非私入書(shu)(shu)房之人(ren)(ren),不(bu)由大喜。雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)卻(que)因穆(mu)(mu)(mu)拒(ju)婚(hun),委(wei)屈(qu)非常,在(zai)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)一(yi)(yi)再謝罪之下,才轉悲為(wei)(wei)喜,終諧伉儷。朱(zhu)(zhu)渙(huan)(huan)然(ran)被劫,攜程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)妻、雪(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)雁(yan)來(lai)投,最終一(yi)(yi)家團聚。
2022年(nian)8月,京劇《鳳還(huan)巢(chao)》參加2022年(nian)戲(xi)曲(qu)百戲(xi)(昆山)盛典全國戲(xi)曲(qu)領軍人才優秀劇目展演。
2019年10月2日,由文(wen)化(hua)和旅游部、北京市(shi)人民(min)政府(fu)主辦的(de)2019中國戲曲文(wen)化(hua)周2日在北京園(yuan)博園(yuan)開(kai)幕。梅(mei)派《鳳還巢(chao)》得(de)到(dao)演出。
2021年12月14、15日,上海京劇院(yuan)的《鳳還巢》將在湖南大(da)劇院(yuan)演出。