《鳳還巢》為梅蘭芳(fang)根據清宮藏本(ben)《循環序(xu)》改編的京劇(ju)(ju),原(yuan)名(ming)《陰陽(yang)樹》,又名(ming)《丑配》,于(yu)1929年在北京首演(yan)。此劇(ju)(ju)情節巧妙,行當齊全,與清代傳(chuan)奇劇(ju)(ju)本(ben)《風箏誤》有異曲同工(gong)之妙。雪娥的幾大段唱(chang)腔華麗別致、明快跌宕、如(ru)訴如(ru)歌,是梅派唱(chang)腔中廣為流(liu)傳(chuan)的著名(ming)唱(chang)段。
明(ming)朝末年,侍郎程(cheng)浦(pu)告老還鄉。程(cheng)浦(pu)生(sheng)(sheng)有二(er)女(nv)(nv):大女(nv)(nv)程(cheng)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)雁(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)夫(fu)人所生(sheng)(sheng),貌(mao)奇(qi)丑且行(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)舉止粗魯;次女(nv)(nv)程(cheng)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)為(wei)(wei)(wei)側(ce)室所生(sheng)(sheng),美貌(mao)聰明(ming),程(cheng)愛之如掌上明(ming)珠。程(cheng)浦(pu)與(yu)(yu)宗皇朱(zhu)渙然(ran)游春,遇故友(you)之子穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)居易。程(cheng)喜穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)居易翩翩少年,認為(wei)(wei)(wei)其前程(cheng)看好(hao),欲與(yu)(yu)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)擇婿,夫(fu)人卻欲將雪(xue)(xue)(xue)雁(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)許穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。程(cheng)壽辰(chen),穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)來拜,留宿于(yu)書(shu)館。入(ru)夜(ye)(ye),夫(fu)人命己(ji)女(nv)(nv)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)雁(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)冒(mao)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)之名(ming)去書(shu)館會(hui)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)見(jian)其貌(mao)丑無比,誤(wu)(wu)以(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)程(cheng)騙婚(hun)(hun),連(lian)夜(ye)(ye)逃(tao)(tao)去,途(tu)中遇到朱(zhu)渙然(ran),朱(zhu)贈(zeng)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)銀馬助其逃(tao)(tao)跑。程(cheng)正(zheng)憂穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)生(sheng)(sheng)去向不(bu)明(ming),適(shi)逢朝廷起(qi)用,只(zhi)好(hao)奉旨離家(jia)出征。而(er)垂涎雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)已久的(de)皇族朱(zhu)煥然(ran),得(de)知(zhi)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)逃(tao)(tao)程(cheng)去,乘機(ji)冒(mao)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)名(ming)來程(cheng)家(jia)迎娶(qu)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)。夫(fu)人信以(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)真,即以(yi)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)雁(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)代嫁(jia)。洞房(fang)中,兩(liang)人發現全是冒(mao)名(ming)頂替,雖(sui)后悔莫(mo)及,卻有苦(ku)難言(yan),只(zhi)能將錯就錯。這時,地方(fang)強盜作亂,夫(fu)人去朱(zhu)家(jia)避難,雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)因(yin)朱(zhu)行(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)不(bu)端(duan)不(bu)肯(ken)隨(sui)夫(fu)人前往。不(bu)久,程(cheng)浦(pu)平(ping)定賊(zei)寇(kou),接雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)至軍(jun)(jun)中。穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)也從(cong)軍(jun)(jun)在(zai)此(ci)。程(cheng)又重提婚(hun)(hun)姻,穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)堅決(jue)拒婚(hun)(hun):元(yuan)帥(shuai)洪功(gong)及周監軍(jun)(jun)強給主婚(hun)(hun),穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)不(bu)得(de)已說明(ming)程(cheng)女(nv)(nv)夤夜(ye)(ye)私入(ru)書(shu)館等(deng)情。程(cheng)知(zhi)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)誤(wu)(wu)會(hui),堅持完婚(hun)(hun)。洞房(fang)中,穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)見(jian)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)貌(mao)美,確非(fei)私入(ru)書(shu)房(fang)之人,不(bu)由(you)大喜。雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)卻因(yin)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)拒婚(hun)(hun),委屈非(fei)常,在(zai)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)一再(zai)謝(xie)罪之下,才(cai)轉悲為(wei)(wei)(wei)喜,終諧伉儷。朱(zhu)渙然(ran)被劫,攜程(cheng)妻、雪(xue)(xue)(xue)雁(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)來投,最(zui)終一家(jia)團(tuan)聚。
2022年(nian)8月,京(jing)劇《鳳還巢(chao)》參加2022年(nian)戲曲(qu)百(bai)戲(昆(kun)山)盛典全(quan)國戲曲(qu)領軍人才優秀(xiu)劇目展(zhan)演(yan)。
2019年10月2日(ri),由文化和旅(lv)游部、北(bei)京市(shi)人民政府主辦的2019中國戲曲文化周2日(ri)在北(bei)京園博園開幕。梅派《鳳還巢》得(de)到演出。
2021年12月14、15日,上(shang)海京劇院的《鳳還巢》將在湖南大(da)劇院演(yan)出。