一.產品介紹
柘(zhe)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)地(di)處沂蒙山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)區(qu),轄41個(ge)行政村(cun),3.4萬(wan)口(kou)人,面積(ji)156平方公(gong)里,10萬(wan)畝耕地(di)。柘(zhe)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)歷史(shi)悠久、文化(hua)(hua)底蘊豐(feng)厚,自(zi)然(ran)風光(guang)秀美,林(lin)木覆蓋(gai)率(lv)高,旅游資(zi)源(yuan)豐(feng)富,是(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)品(pin)(pin)牌名鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)級生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、全國(guo)(guo)一(yi)村(cun)一(yi)品(pin)(pin)示范(fan)(fan)村(cun)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)和“中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)第一(yi)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)”。近年來,柘(zhe)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)立足“中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)第一(yi)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)”的(de)(de)(de)品(pin)(pin)牌優勢,在(zai)抓好(hao)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)、銷(xiao)售(shou)(shou)、加(jia)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎上,按照轉方式(shi)、調結構的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求,大力(li)發展(zhan)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),實(shi)現(xian)(xian)第一(yi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)向第三(san)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)轉型(xing)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)向現(xian)(xian)代服務(wu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)轉型(xing),使(shi)以(yi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)特色(se)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)全鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)部分。工(gong)(gong)作中(zhong),突(tu)出狠抓了(le)(le)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)標準(zhun)化(hua)(hua)種植基(ji)地(di)建(jian)設(she)。基(ji)地(di)地(di)理(li)條件(jian)優越:土(tu)壤(rang)類型(xing)以(yi)沙(sha)壤(rang)性土(tu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu);水(shui)文情況良(liang)好(hao),山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)泉遍布,水(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)豐(feng)富;公(gong)路(lu)、鐵路(lu)交通便利(li);暖溫帶(dai)(dai)季(ji)風氣候(hou),為(wei)(wei)(wei)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)種植提(ti)供了(le)(le)得天獨厚的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長條件(jian)。現(xian)(xian)已發展(zhan)面積(ji)8萬(wan)畝,形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)規模化(hua)(hua)種植,主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)轄秋(qiu)峪河流域(yu)譚家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)秋(qiu)峪村(cun)、夏家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)秋(qiu)峪村(cun)等(deng)30多(duo)個(ge)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)種植專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)村(cun)。基(ji)地(di)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)好(hao),產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)高,花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)籽粒飽滿、香中(zhong)帶(dai)(dai)甜(tian),不(bu)膩口(kou),營養成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)分主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)有(you)(you)脂(zhi)肪、粗蛋白(bai)、碳水(shui)化(hua)(hua)合物。發展(zhan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)熟20多(duo)個(ge)名優品(pin)(pin)種,其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)“魯花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)11號(hao)”、“白(bai)沙(sha)”、頗受歡迎。優良(liang)的(de)(de)(de)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)帶(dai)(dai)動了(le)(le)全鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)100多(duo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發展(zhan),形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)脫殼、榨油、休閑食品(pin)(pin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)體的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)條,年加(jia)工(gong)(gong)銷(xiao)售(shou)(shou)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)10多(duo)萬(wan)噸,投資(zi)在(zai)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)區(qu)建(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)貨(huo)一(yi)條街,產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)遠(yuan)銷(xiao)東南亞、歐洲、日本、韓國(guo)(guo)等(deng)20多(duo)個(ge)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)和地(di)區(qu)。標準(zhun)化(hua)(hua)種植基(ji)地(di)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)分科技示范(fan)(fan)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)文化(hua)(hua)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)推(tui)(tui)介,集科技推(tui)(tui)廣、質(zhi)量(liang)監管、農(nong)(nong)(nong)民培(pei)訓于一(yi)體,配套建(jian)設(she)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)廠100多(duo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)和市(shi)場交易市(shi)場,全力(li)打造國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)級花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)銷(xiao)售(shou)(shou)點,為(wei)(wei)(wei)安(an)丘區(qu)域(yu)化(hua)(hua)管理(li)模式(shi)再創新(xin)亮點。為(wei)(wei)(wei)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)增值,先后建(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)盛業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、夢鴿、食品(pin)(pin)等(deng)農(nong)(nong)(nong)“字(zi)”號(hao)龍頭(tou)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)8家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia),形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)“龍頭(tou)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)+合作社+農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)”的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)條,初步建(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)集群(qun),年農(nong)(nong)(nong)副產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)能(neng)力(li)達15萬(wan)噸,有(you)(you)力(li)帶(dai)(dai)動了(le)(le)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)增效(xiao)(xiao)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)民增收。2007年柘(zhe)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)順利(li)通過(guo)了(le)(le)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)“有(you)(you)機食品(pin)(pin)安(an)全許可認證”,2008年柘(zhe)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)被審(shen)定(ding)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“綠(lv)色(se)食品(pin)(pin)”,2009年4月(yue)柘(zhe)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)被國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)部授予(yu)“中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)地(di)理(li)標志產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)”,2009年5月(yue)柘(zhe)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)被濰坊市(shi)確定(ding)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“標準(zhun)化(hua)(hua)種植基(ji)地(di)”,柘(zhe)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)第一(yi)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)”,以(yi)其(qi)(qi)獨有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)魅(mei)力(li)吸引了(le)(le)大批(pi)游客(ke),同時提(ti)供了(le)(le)多(duo)個(ge)就業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)崗位,帶(dai)(dai)動了(le)(le)其(qi)(qi)他產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)銷(xiao)售(shou)(shou),實(shi)現(xian)(xian)了(le)(le)經濟效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)(yi)和社會效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)雙(shuang)豐(feng)收。
二(er).自然生態環境(jing)和(he)人文歷史因(yin)素
1、土(tu)壤(rang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌情況:柘山(shan)鎮屬(shu)于(yu)丘陵(ling)山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di),土(tu)壤(rang)類(lei)型主要(yao)為(wei)沙(sha)壤(rang)土(tu)和(he)棕壤(rang)土(tu)兩個土(tu)類(lei),以沙(sha)壤(rang)性(xing)土(tu)為(wei)主,pH值平均7.1,堿解氮66.72PPm、速效(xiao)磷22.6PPm、速效(xiao)鉀123.7PPm。地(di)(di)(di)(di)勢北高(gao)南低。全鎮有摘(zhai)藥山(shan)、虎眉山(shan)、擂鼓山(shan)等大小山(shan)頭500余座,大部分為(wei)山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)丘陵(ling)、荒(huang)坡(po)地(di)(di)(di)(di)、沿(yan)河階梯地(di)(di)(di)(di)、河谷梯田等。露出地(di)(di)(di)(di)表的巖石(shi)(shi)東部為(wei)玄武(wu)巖、石(shi)(shi)灰石(shi)(shi),中西部為(wei)石(shi)(shi)英石(shi)(shi)、磁(ci)礦(kuang)石(shi)(shi)、鐵礦(kuang)石(shi)(shi),山(shan)下部多(duo)為(wei)河沙(sha)。境內(nei)地(di)(di)(di)(di)礦(kuang)資源儲量豐富(fu),約(yue)計(ji)數億(yi)立方(fang),且當地(di)(di)(di)(di)勞動力(li)充足,適(shi)宜合(he)理開采和(he)加工。
2、水(shui)文(wen)情況(kuang):全鎮5公(gong)里以上河(he)(he)流(liu)有(you)(you)古廟河(he)(he)、秋峪(yu)河(he)(he)、車莊(zhuang)河(he)(he)、薛家莊(zhuang)河(he)(he)、大(da)雁(yan)河(he)(he)5條,均(jun)屬(shu)季節性河(he)(he)流(liu),總(zong)流(liu)域面(mian)積156平(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里。境內有(you)(you)于家河(he)(he)水(shui)庫(ku)、李家溝水(shui)庫(ku)縣級中(zhong)型(xing)(xing)水(shui)庫(ku)兩座。有(you)(you)辛莊(zhuang)子水(shui)庫(ku)、后馬時溝水(shui)庫(ku)、隋家河(he)(he)水(shui)庫(ku)、郭家秋峪(yu)水(shui)庫(ku)、東柿子園小型(xing)(xing)水(shui)庫(ku)5座,大(da)小塘壩(ba)35座。山泉(quan)遍布,水(shui)資源豐富(fu)。pH值在6.8-7.2之間(jian)。方(fang)圓15公(gong)里內無(wu)(wu)工業區,無(wu)(wu)潛在污染,為安丘市城(cheng)區飲用(yong)水(shui)發源地。
3、氣(qi)候情況:柘(zhe)山屬東部(bu)暖(nuan)溫(wen)帶(dai)季(ji)風(feng)型大(da)陸性氣(qi)候,四季(ji)分明,春季(ji)溫(wen)暖(nuan),夏季(ji)濕(shi)潤(run)多雨(yu),秋季(ji)涼爽,冬(dong)季(ji)寒冷干燥。年(nian)平(ping)均氣(qi)溫(wen)12.3℃,降雨(yu)量646.3mm,相對(dui)濕(shi)度(du)62%,光照指(zhi)數(shu)2800-3000,常年(nian)有(you)效(xiao)積溫(wen)4152.5℃,無霜期為189天(tian)。主要自(zi)然(ran)災(zai)害為旱災(zai)、澇災(zai)、雹災(zai)、風(feng)災(zai)和低溫(wen)連陰雨(yu)。
4、人文歷(li)(li)史情況:柘(zhe)山(shan)(shan)花生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)歷(li)(li)史悠久,據《安(an)丘縣志》記(ji)載,自花生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)從南美(mei)(mei)洲(zhou)的(de)秘魯引進(jin)到(dao)我國,柘(zhe)山(shan)(shan)就開始(shi)種植,所(suo)產花生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)純天然無污(wu)染。花生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)含人體所(suo)必須(xu)的(de)多種微(wei)量元素,各種營(ying)養成分均(jun)達到(dao)綠色保(bao)健(jian)食品(pin)的(de)指(zhi)標要求,是(shi)優質上(shang)乘的(de)綠色保(bao)健(jian)食品(pin)。由于特(te)殊(shu)的(de)地(di)理環境,柘(zhe)山(shan)(shan)花生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)具(ju)有(you)色澤亮麗,香中(zhong)帶甜,籽粒(li)飽滿,出油率高(gao),但不膩口等特(te)點。無論(lun)是(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)吃還(huan)是(shi)熟吃均(jun)具(ju)有(you)開胃、健(jian)脾(pi)、美(mei)(mei)容、抗(kang)衰老、預(yu)防貧血(xue)和(he)防治胃病之功效,素有(you)“長生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)果”之美(mei)(mei)譽。早在清(qing)朝(chao)乾隆年間曾作為(wei)貢品(pin)上(shang)奉朝(chao)廷。現在一直是(shi)中(zhong)央國家機關的(de)直供品(pin),而(er)且遠銷東南亞、歐洲(zhou)、日本、韓國、香港等20多個國家和(he)地(di)區。
三.地域范圍
柘山鎮(zhen)(zhen)地(di)(di)處(chu)(chu)山東省(sheng)安丘(qiu)市西南部,位于安丘(qiu)、沂水交界處(chu)(chu),地(di)(di)處(chu)(chu)沂蒙(meng)山區(qu)。全(quan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)總(zong)面積(ji)(ji)156平方公里,轄55個村,3.4萬人口。全(quan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)耕地(di)(di)總(zong)面積(ji)(ji)10萬畝,花生(sheng)生(sheng)產(chan)面積(ji)(ji)5333公頃,常年產(chan)量(liang)28000噸。地(di)(di)理坐標為東經118°56′-118°59′,北緯36°06′-36°12′,海拔為163米(mi)至287.4米(mi)之間(jian)。
四(si).產(chan)品品質特(te)性特(te)征
1、外(wai)在(zai)感(gan)官特征:果實(shi)色澤亮麗、籽粒飽滿、完(wan)整、新(xin)鮮(xian)潔凈,無(wu)(wu)霉(mei)變(bian)腐爛、無(wu)(wu)異味、無(wu)(wu)病蟲害。
2、內在(zai)品質指(zhi)標(biao):柘山(shan)花(hua)生籽(zi)粒飽滿、香中帶甜,不(bu)(bu)膩(ni)口(kou)。營(ying)養(yang)(yang)成分主要有脂(zhi)肪,含(han)油(you)量43.8%;粗蛋(dan)白質22.0%;碳水(shui)化(hua)合(he)物,含(han)量18%;水(shui)分及(ji)揮發(fa)物8.8%,。花(hua)生仁含(han)有豐富(fu)的(de)維生素(su),其中以維生素(su)E為最多(duo),其次是維生素(su)B2、B1、B6。花(hua)生仁礦物質鈣、磷、鐵(tie)等(deng)(deng)營(ying)養(yang)(yang)成分。花(hua)生仁可提供八種人體(ti)(ti)所需的(de)氨(an)基酸(suan)及(ji)不(bu)(bu)飽和脂(zhi)肪酸(suan)、卵磷脂(zhi)、膽(dan)堿(jian)、胡蘿卜(bu)素(su)、粗纖維等(deng)(deng)有利人體(ti)(ti)健康的(de)物質,營(ying)養(yang)(yang)價值(zhi)絕不(bu)(bu)少于(yu)牛奶、雞(ji)蛋(dan)或瘦肉。
3、安全要求:入(ru)市花生(sheng)必須達到綠色食品的衛(wei)生(sheng)指標。禁止使用下列農藥:2、4、5-涕、殺(sha)草強(qiang)、敵菌丹、環已錫/三唑錫、丁酰肼、六六六、甲基對硫(liu)磷(lin)、對硫(liu)磷(lin)、久效(xiao)磷(lin)、磷(lin)胺。
五.特定(ding)生產方式
1、選地(di): 選擇(ze)土(tu)質肥沃、有機質含(han)量(liang)高、土(tu)壤保肥蓄水能力強、通透性(xing)好(hao)、能排能灌(guan)、pH值6.5-7.5的(de)地(di)塊。大氣、土(tu)壤、水質條件(jian)均符合綠(lv)色食品產地(di)環(huan)境(jing)質量(liang)標(biao)準。
2、選擇品種:
2.1選種原則:根據(ju)當(dang)土生態條件選用審定的高產(chan)、優質、抗逆、適應(ying)性強、生育期所需活動積(ji)溫比常年(nian)活動積(ji)溫少1000C左(zuo)右(you)的優良品種。
2.2精選種(zhong)子(zi):清除雜(za)質,剔除病粒,選用飽(bao)滿的種(zhong)子(zi)。2.3種(zhong)子(zi)處理:播種(zhong)前10-15天曬(shai)種(zhong)2天,殺菌且能(neng)提高發(fa)芽率。
3、播種:
3.1播(bo)(bo)期:地溫穩定(ding)通(tong)過50C時進(jin)行播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)。一般播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)日期為(wei):4月(yue)(yue)20日-4月(yue)(yue)30日。
3.2密度:因(yin)不同品種而宜,每公(gong)頃保苗70000-90000株。
3.3田間配置方(fang)式:一般株、行(xing)距(ju)為30cm×45cm。
3.4播深(shen):鎮壓后播種(zhong)深(shen)度達3-4cm。
3.5播(bo)量:人(ren)工穴播(bo):每穴2-3粒。機播(bo):每公(gong)頃播(bo)量為23-30千克。
4、田間管理:
4.1中耕除草:出苗后進(jin)行淺鋤:松土、鋤草。
4.2放(fang)秋壟拿(na)大草:8月上、中旬,放(fang)大壟拿(na)大草1-2次。
5、病蟲害(hai)防治:花(hua)生的主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)病害(hai)是(shi)葉斑(ban)病,蟲害(hai)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)是(shi)蚜蟲。
5.1防(fang)(fang)(fang)治原則:按照“預防(fang)(fang)(fang)為主,綜合防(fang)(fang)(fang)治”的植保方(fang)針(zhen),堅持以農業防(fang)(fang)(fang)治、物理防(fang)(fang)(fang)治、生物防(fang)(fang)(fang)治為主的原則。
5.2農業防治:選用(yong)抗病(bing)品種培育適齡壯苗,實行(xing)輪作換茬,及時清(qing)除(chu)田間雜草、病(bing)株(zhu)等措施。
5.3物理(li)防(fang)治:用(yong)20×40cm的(de)黃(huang)板,每畝30塊插在中間,涂上機油誘殺蚜(ya)蟲。
6、輔助授(shou)粉:在開花(hua)吐絲期,選擇晴天(tian)上午采(cai)健壯株上花(hua)粉授(shou)于花(hua)絲上,隔天(tian)1次,連續2-3次,增產顯著。
7、收(shou)(shou)獲:花生完熟后收(shou)(shou)獲。根據要(yao)求及時采(cai)收(shou)(shou)。
8、采收工具:用(yong)镢刨(bao),用(yong)手拔(ba)。
9、采(cai)收要求:根據(ju)收獲(huo)時期(qi)用(yong)镢刨或人工(gong)用(yong)手(shou)拔(ba)出曬干(gan),避免人為的損傷。
10、生產(chan)(chan)記(ji)錄要求:如實(shi)記(ji)錄生產(chan)(chan)投入品(pin),特別是化(hua)肥、農藥的名(ming)稱、來(lai)源(yuan)、用法、用量(liang)和使用、停用的日(ri)期、收(shou)獲日(ri)期、質量(liang)檢測情(qing)況、銷售情(qing)況、生產(chan)(chan)記(ji)錄應保存(cun)2年。
六.包裝標識相關規定
包(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang):標志(zhi)明顯,標清(qing)產品(pin)、品(pin)名(ming)、等級、重(zhong)量(毛重(zhong)、凈重(zhong)),并注(zhu)(zhu)明檢驗人員(yuan)姓名(ming)或代號。標識:標志(zhi)使用人應在(zai)其產品(pin)或包(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)上統一(yi)標注(zhu)(zhu)“柘山花生”農產品(pin)地理標志(zhi)及公共(gong)標示圖案。運輸過程中,注(zhu)(zhu)意(yi)嚴防(fang)雨淋,嚴禁用含(han)殘毒污(wu)染的(de)倉庫和車廂,不允許和有毒物(wu)品(pin)混放混裝(zhuang)(zhuang),貯存在(zai)通風、干燥的(de)室內、以防(fang)發霉(mei)。