種植環境
水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻系水(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)農(nong)作物,對水(shui)(shui)(shui)源的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)要求很高(gao)。魚(yu)(yu)(yu)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)縣位于(yu)微(wei)山湖西岸,屬淮(huai)河(he)(he)流(liu)域泗運河(he)(he)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系,境(jing)(jing)內(nei)有(you)17條河(he)(he)流(liu)交會貫通,地表水(shui)(shui)(shui)和(he)(he)地下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源都十分豐富(fu),年平均可(ke)利用水(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源總量(liang)達(da)到21億立方(fang)米(mi)(mi),況(kuang)且(qie)這里的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)排(pai)灌(guan)設(she)施齊全,橋、涵、閘配套,水(shui)(shui)(shui)利設(she)施完備,能夠充分保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻灌(guan)溉用水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)要。隨著南水(shui)(shui)(shui)北調工程的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實施,微(wei)山湖水(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)更(geng)是大大提(ti)升,湖水(shui)(shui)(shui)常(chang)年清澈(che)(che),無污(wu)染,這就保(bao)證了魚(yu)(yu)(yu)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻灌(guan)溉用水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)清澈(che)(che)碧綠(lv);不僅如此(ci),魚(yu)(yu)(yu)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)因是以農(nong)業為主,減少了工業帶來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)污(wu)染,這里水(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)清澈(che)(che),空氣(qi)清新(xin),土(tu)壤(rang)肥(fei)沃(wo)又富(fu)含豐富(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)微(wei)量(liang)元(yuan)素,優良的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農(nong)業生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)為大米(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“優質(zhi)(zhi)、綠(lv)色(se)”提(ti)供(gong)了有(you)機保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang),據地質(zhi)(zhi)礦產(chan)部省中(zhong)心(xin)實驗室(shi)測(ce)定(ding):魚(yu)(yu)(yu)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)土(tu)壤(rang)、農(nong)田(tian)灌(guan)溉用水(shui)(shui)(shui)和(he)(he)空氣(qi)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)分析測(ce)量(liang)結(jie)果符(fu)合(he)《綠(lv)色(se)食品產(chan)地環(huan)境(jing)(jing)技術條件》標準,達(da)到“A”級(ji)標準。原(yuan)生(sheng)態(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)、土(tu)、大氣(qi)為保(bao)持稻米(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)在品質(zhi)(zhi)、生(sheng)產(chan)優質(zhi)(zhi)無公害提(ti)供(gong)了優勢環(huan)境(jing)(jing)。
品種特點
魚臺(tai)縣從催生一批品(pin)種好、品(pin)質(zhi)優、品(pin)牌響的大米(mi)產品(pin)入(ru)手,將(jiang)質(zhi)監、農
業(ye)、科(ke)技、種(zhong)子等部門(men)組織起來(lai),著手(shou)改良品(pin)種(zhong),優(you)化水稻(dao)品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi),經過多年(nian)的(de)篩(shai)選,終于選定了(le)適應(ying)性強、生育(yu)期(qi)適宜(yi)的(de)魚(yu)(yu)農1號、豫粳(jing)6號、徐(xu)稻(dao)6號、臨稻(dao)11、新(xin)鎮(zhen)稻(dao)88等高產(chan)優(you)質(zhi)(zhi)品(pin)種(zhong)。這些新(xin)品(pin)種(zhong)的(de)純度(du)、凈度(du)均達到國(guo)家二(er)級(ji)以(yi)上標(biao)準(zhun)。從而從品(pin)種(zhong)上保(bao)證了(le)魚(yu)(yu)臺大(da)米的(de)品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)。1985年(nian),魚(yu)(yu)臺大(da)米中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)魚(yu)(yu)農1號,山(shan)農13號,日本晴,均榮獲山(shan)東省(sheng)優(you)質(zhi)(zhi)大(da)米稱號,其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)魚(yu)(yu)農1號名列山(shan)東省(sheng)優(you)質(zhi)(zhi)大(da)米之首。同年(nian),在(zai)全(quan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)優(you)質(zhi)(zhi)大(da)米評選中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),魚(yu)(yu)農1號、日本晴又雙雙獲得中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華人民(min)共和國(guo)農牧漁業(ye)部優(you)質(zhi)(zhi)米產(chan)品(pin)獎。
生產技術
為使(shi)稻(dao)米優質(zhi)(zhi)、安(an)全(quan),魚臺縣(xian)購買防(fang)蟲(chong)(chong)網,無(wu)償送給稻(dao)農(nong)(nong)使(shi)用(yong),讓唐馬(ma)、王廟(miao)等(deng)(deng)鎮的(de)(de)300多(duo)畝秧田生(sheng)長(chang)在防(fang)蟲(chong)(chong)網保護下,有“蚊賬”作為隔離衣,灰飛虱等(deng)(deng)農(nong)(nong)業害蟲(chong)(chong)再也(ye)沒法進入秧田里傳(chuan)播病毒(du),有效預防(fang)了(le)黑(hei)條矮縮病和(he)水(shui)稻(dao)條紋葉枯(ku)病的(de)(de)發(fa)生(sheng),沒有了(le)農(nong)(nong)藥的(de)(de)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),自然既減少了(le)環境的(de)(de)污(wu)染(ran),又確保了(le)稻(dao)米的(de)(de)“綠(lv)色”、安(an)全(quan)。按照(zhao)“綠(lv)色、有機(ji)、營養(yang)、健康”的(de)(de)理念,魚臺還將“殺蟲(chong)(chong)燈”使(shi)用(yong)在稻(dao)田的(de)(de)病蟲(chong)(chong)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上。2010年(nian)7月初,他們投(tou)資(zi)12萬(wan)余元,在唐馬(ma)鎮優質(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)稻(dao)種植基(ji)地(di)安(an)裝了(le)30盞太陽能殺蟲(chong)(chong)燈進行(xing)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)誘殺。為減輕農(nong)(nong)藥對農(nong)(nong)產(chan)品和(he)生(sheng)產(chan)環境的(de)(de)污(wu)染(ran),提高水(shui)稻(dao)的(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)量安(an)全(quan),魚臺縣(xian)還本(ben)著稻(dao)米缺什(shen)么(me)補什(shen)么(me)的(de)(de)原則,推廣(guang)了(le)水(shui)稻(dao)測土配方施肥(fei)技術,2010年(nian),測土配方施肥(fei)水(shui)稻(dao)面(mian)積(ji)達25萬(wan)畝,并在廣(guang)大農(nong)(nong)民朋友中廣(guang)泛(fan)推廣(guang)了(le)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)肥(fei)料、生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)農(nong)(nong)藥、生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)(deng)無(wu)污(wu)染(ran)、無(wu)公(gong)害的(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)藝措施,打造了(le)無(wu)公(gong)害大米生(sheng)產(chan)基(ji)地(di)和(he)10萬(wan)畝的(de)(de)綠(lv)色食(shi)品大米生(sheng)產(chan)基(ji)地(di)。
種植歷史
魚(yu)(yu)臺(tai)水(shui)稻(dao)有(you)著(zhu)悠久的(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)植(zhi)歷史。在(zai)(zai)魚(yu)(yu)臺(tai)發掘的(de)(de)(de)漢(han)墓中(zhong),就曾發現魚(yu)(yu)臺(tai)先民種(zhong)植(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)稻(dao)谷,這(zhe)說明魚(yu)(yu)臺(tai)縣境內至少(shao)在(zai)(zai)漢(han)代就已經(jing)開始(shi)種(zhong)植(zhi)水(shui)稻(dao)。但(dan)是,由于舊(jiu)中(zhong)國水(shui)患較多,黃河多次泛(fan)濫,魚(yu)(yu)臺(tai)又地(di)處濱湖澇洼,水(shui)利設施較差,十(shi)年九澇,災(zai)害頻繁,在(zai)(zai)相當(dang)(dang)長的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間里,魚(yu)(yu)臺(tai)水(shui)稻(dao)種(zhong)植(zhi)不能旱澇保收,更不能高產、穩(wen)產。當(dang)(dang)時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)“魚(yu)(yu)臺(tai)大米”雖然品質很(hen)好(hao),但(dan)由于產量(liang)偏低,沒有(you)形(xing)成商品糧(liang),外(wai)(wai)地(di)根本(ben)不流通,僅僅魚(yu)(yu)臺(tai)人自給自足,也只在(zai)(zai)魚(yu)(yu)臺(tai)當(dang)(dang)地(di)有(you)名,外(wai)(wai)地(di)人根本(ben)不知(zhi)(zhi)道。再(zai)加上當(dang)(dang)時(shi)不注重對外(wai)(wai)宣傳與推(tui)介,好(hao)米也怕(pa)巷子深,“魚(yu)(yu)臺(tai)大米”曾經(jing)遭遇了“藏在(zai)(zai)深閨人未知(zhi)(zhi)”的(de)(de)(de)尷尬。
1949年(nian)(nian)后,特別是20世紀(ji)(ji)60年(nian)(nian)代,魚(yu)(yu)臺(tai)(tai)人民發(fa)揚(yang)愚公移山(shan)(shan)、戰天斗地(di)的(de)精神,大興水(shui)利建設,徹底改造稻田,打(da)了(le)一場漂亮(liang)的(de)農(nong)業翻身仗。1965年(nian)(nian)秋,魚(yu)(yu)臺(tai)(tai)縣(xian)(xian)35萬畝水(shui)稻喜(xi)獲大豐收。1968年(nian)(nian),魚(yu)(yu)臺(tai)(tai)縣(xian)(xian)因水(shui)稻種植成(cheng)功被評為山(shan)(shan)東省模范縣(xian)(xian),成(cheng)為全(quan)省農(nong)業學習的(de)一面旗幟。自20世紀(ji)(ji)70年(nian)(nian)代魚(yu)(yu)臺(tai)(tai)縣(xian)(xian)連續20多(duo)年(nian)(nian)成(cheng)為山(shan)(shan)東省人均向國家貢(gong)獻(xian)商(shang)品糧最多(duo)的(de)縣(xian)(xian),并(bing)且魚(yu)(yu)臺(tai)(tai)縣(xian)(xian)水(shui)稻種植面積一直(zhi)都(dou)保持在35萬畝以上,是名副其(qi)實的(de)“北國江(jiang)南·魚(yu)(yu)米之(zhi)鄉(xiang)”。
21世紀(ji)初,魚(yu)臺(tai)(tai)縣大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)力(li)實(shi)施農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)品(pin)(pin)牌化(hua)(hua)戰(zhan)略,通(tong)過(guo)申請國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)地(di)理(li)標(biao)志產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)保護、建立大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)基(ji)地(di)、提高產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)程度(du)、培植加工(gong)(gong)(gong)龍(long)頭企業(ye)(ye)(ye)、引(yin)進國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際先進加工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝、成立大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)協會等(deng)(deng)多(duo)項(xiang)措施,全力(li)做大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)做強大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye),在國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內外進一步(bu)叫響了(le)(le)“魚(yu)臺(tai)(tai)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)”品(pin)(pin)牌,大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)提高了(le)(le)“魚(yu)臺(tai)(tai)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)”的(de)知名度(du)與美譽度(du),有(you)效(xiao)促進了(le)(le)農(nong)民增(zeng)收與農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)增(zeng)效(xiao)。2008年(nian),“魚(yu)臺(tai)(tai)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)”榮獲“中(zhong)(zhong)華人(ren)民共和國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地(di)理(li)標(biao)志保護產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)”,2009年(nian),“魚(yu)臺(tai)(tai)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)”商標(biao)又(you)在國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)商總局成功注冊。到(dao)(dao)2009年(nian),魚(yu)臺(tai)(tai)縣35萬(wan)畝(mu)水稻(dao)(dao)(dao)已全部(bu)達到(dao)(dao)無公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)害生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)標(biao)準,其中(zhong)(zhong)15萬(wan)畝(mu)達到(dao)(dao)綠(lv)(lv)色產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)標(biao)準,8萬(wan)畝(mu)達到(dao)(dao)有(you)機大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)標(biao)準。有(you)上(shang)百家(jia)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)企業(ye)(ye)(ye),其中(zhong)(zhong),山東美晶(jing)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)有(you)限(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司是(shi)省級農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)龍(long)頭企業(ye)(ye)(ye)。該公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司已經擁有(you)獨立的(de)進出(chu)口權,主(zhu)要設備從(cong)日本、意(yi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)利、德國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、韓國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)等(deng)(deng)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)引(yin)進,大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)膽(dan)引(yin)用(yong)了(le)(le)電(dian)子分(fen)色、紫外線消毒(du)等(deng)(deng)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際加工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝,并在車間(jian)內安裝了(le)(le)電(dian)子監(jian)控(kong)(kong)系統(tong),實(shi)現了(le)(le)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)自(zi)動(dong)化(hua)(hua)和全過(guo)程監(jian)控(kong)(kong)。他們研究開發的(de)發芽糙米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)和食用(yong)糙米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)填(tian)補(bu)了(le)(le)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內空(kong)白。有(you)“大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)王中(zhong)(zhong)王”之稱的(de)日本晚稻(dao)(dao)(dao)品(pin)(pin)種“越(yue)光(guang)(guang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)”在魚(yu)臺(tai)(tai)縣王魯鎮豐谷(gu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)合(he)作社試種成功,200多(duo)畝(mu)的(de)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)谷(gu)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)出(chu)來的(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),以每公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤52元的(de)天價被搶購(gou)一空(kong)。 據(ju)了(le)(le)解,“越(yue)光(guang)(guang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)”對(dui)種植環(huan)境要求(qiu)很高,需(xu)選用(yong)從(cong)未施用(yong)過(guo)無機肥(fei)料的(de)土壤,水源要求(qiu)無任何污(wu)(wu)染,所(suo)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)谷(gu)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)屬(shu)無污(wu)(wu)染、無公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)害、純天然的(de)綠(lv)(lv)色食品(pin)(pin)。劉(liu)寶啟(qi)創(chuang)意(yi)的(de)“現場直播”戰(zhan)略,不僅提升了(le)(le)豐谷(gu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)知名度(du)、美譽度(du),而且擦亮了(le)(le)魚(yu)臺(tai)(tai)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)品(pin)(pin)牌,拉動(dong)了(le)(le)魚(yu)臺(tai)(tai)特色大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)銷(xiao)售(shou)量(liang)。如(ru)今,只要是(shi)魚(yu)臺(tai)(tai)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),在上(shang)海一路綠(lv)(lv)燈(deng),產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)銷(xiao)兩旺,同時銷(xiao)往河北(bei)(bei)、吉林、湖北(bei)(bei)、北(bei)(bei)京、天津等(deng)(deng)20多(duo)個省市區,成為江(jiang)北(bei)(bei)第一米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)市。