種植環境
水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻系(xi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)農(nong)作物,對水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)要(yao)求很(hen)高。魚(yu)臺(tai)縣位于微(wei)山湖西岸,屬淮河(he)流(liu)域泗運河(he)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi),境(jing)內(nei)有17條(tiao)河(he)流(liu)交會貫通(tong),地(di)(di)表水(shui)(shui)(shui)和(he)地(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)(yuan)都十分豐(feng)富,年平均(jun)可利(li)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)(yuan)總量(liang)達到21億立方米(mi),況(kuang)且這里的(de)排灌(guan)設(she)施齊全,橋、涵、閘配套,水(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)設(she)施完備,能夠充(chong)分保障水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻灌(guan)溉用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)需要(yao)。隨著南(nan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)北調工(gong)程的(de)實施,微(wei)山湖水(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)更是大(da)(da)大(da)(da)提升,湖水(shui)(shui)(shui)常年清(qing)澈(che),無污(wu)染(ran),這就保證(zheng)了魚(yu)臺(tai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻灌(guan)溉用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)清(qing)澈(che)碧綠(lv)(lv);不僅如此(ci),魚(yu)臺(tai)因(yin)是以農(nong)業為(wei)主,減少了工(gong)業帶來的(de)污(wu)染(ran),這里水(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)清(qing)澈(che),空(kong)氣(qi)清(qing)新,土壤肥沃(wo)又富含(han)豐(feng)富的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)微(wei)量(liang)元素,優(you)良(liang)的(de)農(nong)業生態環境(jing)為(wei)大(da)(da)米(mi)的(de)“優(you)質(zhi)(zhi)、綠(lv)(lv)色(se)”提供了有機(ji)保障,據地(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)礦產(chan)部省中(zhong)(zhong)心實驗(yan)室測(ce)定:魚(yu)臺(tai)的(de)土壤、農(nong)田(tian)灌(guan)溉用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)和(he)空(kong)氣(qi)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)分析(xi)測(ce)量(liang)結果符合《綠(lv)(lv)色(se)食品產(chan)地(di)(di)環境(jing)技術條(tiao)件》標(biao)準(zhun),達到“A”級標(biao)準(zhun)。原生態的(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)、土、大(da)(da)氣(qi)為(wei)保持稻米(mi)的(de)內(nei)在品質(zhi)(zhi)、生產(chan)優(you)質(zhi)(zhi)無公害提供了優(you)勢環境(jing)。
品種特點
魚臺縣從催生一(yi)批品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)好、品(pin)(pin)質優、品(pin)(pin)牌響的大米(mi)產品(pin)(pin)入手,將質監、農
業、科(ke)技、種(zhong)子(zi)等(deng)部門組織(zhi)起來,著手改良品種(zhong),優(you)化(hua)水稻品質(zhi),經過多年的(de)篩選(xuan),終于選(xuan)定(ding)了適應(ying)性強、生(sheng)育期適宜的(de)魚(yu)(yu)農(nong)1號(hao)(hao)(hao)、豫粳6號(hao)(hao)(hao)、徐(xu)稻6號(hao)(hao)(hao)、臨稻11、新鎮稻88等(deng)高產(chan)優(you)質(zhi)品種(zhong)。這(zhe)些新品種(zhong)的(de)純度(du)、凈度(du)均達到國(guo)家(jia)二級以上標準(zhun)。從(cong)(cong)而從(cong)(cong)品種(zhong)上保證了魚(yu)(yu)臺(tai)大(da)米(mi)(mi)的(de)品質(zhi)。1985年,魚(yu)(yu)臺(tai)大(da)米(mi)(mi)中的(de)魚(yu)(yu)農(nong)1號(hao)(hao)(hao),山(shan)農(nong)13號(hao)(hao)(hao),日(ri)本晴(qing),均榮獲(huo)山(shan)東(dong)省優(you)質(zhi)大(da)米(mi)(mi)稱號(hao)(hao)(hao),其中魚(yu)(yu)農(nong)1號(hao)(hao)(hao)名列山(shan)東(dong)省優(you)質(zhi)大(da)米(mi)(mi)之首。同年,在(zai)全中國(guo)優(you)質(zhi)大(da)米(mi)(mi)評選(xuan)中,魚(yu)(yu)農(nong)1號(hao)(hao)(hao)、日(ri)本晴(qing)又雙(shuang)雙(shuang)獲(huo)得中華(hua)人民共和國(guo)農(nong)牧漁業部優(you)質(zhi)米(mi)(mi)產(chan)品獎(jiang)。
生產技術
為(wei)使(shi)稻(dao)(dao)米優(you)(you)質、安全,魚(yu)臺縣購(gou)買防蟲(chong)網(wang),無償送(song)給稻(dao)(dao)農使(shi)用,讓唐馬(ma)、王廟等鎮(zhen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)300多畝(mu)秧田生(sheng)長(chang)在(zai)(zai)防蟲(chong)網(wang)保護下(xia),有(you)“蚊(wen)賬”作為(wei)隔(ge)離衣,灰飛虱等農業害(hai)蟲(chong)再也沒(mei)法進入(ru)秧田里傳播病毒,有(you)效預防了(le)黑條矮縮病和水(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)條紋(wen)葉枯(ku)病的(de)(de)(de)(de)發生(sheng),沒(mei)有(you)了(le)農藥(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)防治(zhi),自然既減少(shao)了(le)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)污(wu)染,又確保了(le)稻(dao)(dao)米的(de)(de)(de)(de)“綠(lv)色(se)(se)”、安全。按照“綠(lv)色(se)(se)、有(you)機、營養、健(jian)康(kang)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)理念,魚(yu)臺還(huan)將“殺蟲(chong)燈”使(shi)用在(zai)(zai)稻(dao)(dao)田的(de)(de)(de)(de)病蟲(chong)防治(zhi)上。2010年(nian)7月(yue)初(chu),他們投資12萬(wan)余元,在(zai)(zai)唐馬(ma)鎮(zhen)優(you)(you)質水(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)種植基(ji)地安裝了(le)30盞太陽能(neng)殺蟲(chong)燈進行生(sheng)物誘殺。為(wei)減輕農藥(yao)對農產品和生(sheng)產環(huan)境(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)污(wu)染,提高水(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)質量安全,魚(yu)臺縣還(huan)本著稻(dao)(dao)米缺什(shen)么(me)補(bu)什(shen)么(me)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原則,推廣(guang)了(le)水(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)測土配(pei)方(fang)施肥(fei)技術,2010年(nian),測土配(pei)方(fang)施肥(fei)水(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)面積(ji)達25萬(wan)畝(mu),并在(zai)(zai)廣(guang)大(da)農民朋友中廣(guang)泛推廣(guang)了(le)生(sheng)物肥(fei)料、生(sheng)物農藥(yao)、生(sheng)物防治(zhi)等無污(wu)染、無公害(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)農藝措(cuo)施,打造了(le)無公害(hai)大(da)米生(sheng)產基(ji)地和10萬(wan)畝(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)綠(lv)色(se)(se)食品大(da)米生(sheng)產基(ji)地。
種植歷史
魚(yu)(yu)(yu)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)水(shui)稻(dao)有(you)著悠久的(de)種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)歷(li)史。在(zai)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)發掘的(de)漢墓中,就曾發現(xian)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)先民種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)的(de)稻(dao)谷(gu),這說明魚(yu)(yu)(yu)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)縣境內至(zhi)少在(zai)漢代就已經開始(shi)種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)稻(dao)。但是(shi),由于(yu)舊中國(guo)水(shui)患較多,黃(huang)河多次泛濫,魚(yu)(yu)(yu)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)又地(di)(di)處濱(bin)湖澇洼,水(shui)利設施(shi)較差(cha),十(shi)年九(jiu)澇,災害頻(pin)繁,在(zai)相當(dang)長的(de)時(shi)間(jian)里(li),魚(yu)(yu)(yu)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)水(shui)稻(dao)種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能旱(han)澇保收,更不(bu)(bu)(bu)能高產(chan)、穩產(chan)。當(dang)時(shi)的(de)“魚(yu)(yu)(yu)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)大米(mi)”雖然品質(zhi)很好(hao),但由于(yu)產(chan)量偏(pian)低(di),沒有(you)形成商品糧,外地(di)(di)根本不(bu)(bu)(bu)流通,僅(jin)僅(jin)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)人(ren)自給自足,也只(zhi)在(zai)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)當(dang)地(di)(di)有(you)名,外地(di)(di)人(ren)根本不(bu)(bu)(bu)知道。再加(jia)上當(dang)時(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)注重對(dui)外宣傳與推介,好(hao)米(mi)也怕巷子深(shen),“魚(yu)(yu)(yu)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)大米(mi)”曾經遭遇了“藏在(zai)深(shen)閨(gui)人(ren)未知”的(de)尷(gan)尬。
1949年(nian)后,特別是(shi)20世(shi)紀(ji)60年(nian)代(dai),魚(yu)臺人民發揚愚公移山、戰天(tian)斗(dou)地的(de)精(jing)神,大興水(shui)利(li)建設,徹底改造稻田,打了(le)一(yi)場漂亮的(de)農(nong)業翻身仗。1965年(nian)秋,魚(yu)臺縣(xian)(xian)(xian)35萬(wan)畝水(shui)稻喜獲大豐收。1968年(nian),魚(yu)臺縣(xian)(xian)(xian)因水(shui)稻種植(zhi)成(cheng)功被評為山東(dong)省模范縣(xian)(xian)(xian),成(cheng)為全省農(nong)業學(xue)習的(de)一(yi)面旗幟。自(zi)20世(shi)紀(ji)70年(nian)代(dai)魚(yu)臺縣(xian)(xian)(xian)連續20多(duo)年(nian)成(cheng)為山東(dong)省人均向國家(jia)貢(gong)獻商品糧最(zui)多(duo)的(de)縣(xian)(xian)(xian),并且魚(yu)臺縣(xian)(xian)(xian)水(shui)稻種植(zhi)面積一(yi)直都(dou)保持在(zai)35萬(wan)畝以上,是(shi)名(ming)副其(qi)實的(de)“北國江南·魚(yu)米之(zhi)鄉”。
21世紀初,魚臺(tai)(tai)縣大(da)(da)(da)力(li)實(shi)施農業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)品(pin)(pin)牌(pai)化戰略,通(tong)過(guo)申(shen)請國(guo)家(jia)(jia)地理標(biao)志產(chan)品(pin)(pin)保護、建立大(da)(da)(da)米(mi)(mi)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)基地、提高(gao)(gao)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化程度、培植(zhi)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)龍頭企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、引進(jin)國(guo)際(ji)先(xian)進(jin)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)、成(cheng)立大(da)(da)(da)米(mi)(mi)協會等(deng)多項(xiang)措施,全力(li)做大(da)(da)(da)做強大(da)(da)(da)米(mi)(mi)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),在(zai)(zai)國(guo)內外(wai)(wai)進(jin)一步叫響了(le)(le)“魚臺(tai)(tai)大(da)(da)(da)米(mi)(mi)”品(pin)(pin)牌(pai),大(da)(da)(da)大(da)(da)(da)提高(gao)(gao)了(le)(le)“魚臺(tai)(tai)大(da)(da)(da)米(mi)(mi)”的(de)(de)知名度與(yu)美譽(yu)度,有效(xiao)促進(jin)了(le)(le)農民增收與(yu)農業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)增效(xiao)。2008年(nian),“魚臺(tai)(tai)大(da)(da)(da)米(mi)(mi)”榮獲“中華人(ren)民共和國(guo)地理標(biao)志保護產(chan)品(pin)(pin)”,2009年(nian),“魚臺(tai)(tai)大(da)(da)(da)米(mi)(mi)”商(shang)標(biao)又在(zai)(zai)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)商(shang)總局成(cheng)功注冊。到2009年(nian),魚臺(tai)(tai)縣35萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)水稻(dao)已全部達(da)到無(wu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)害生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)標(biao)準,其中15萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)達(da)到綠(lv)色(se)(se)(se)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)標(biao)準,8萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)達(da)到有機大(da)(da)(da)米(mi)(mi)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)標(biao)準。有上(shang)百家(jia)(jia)大(da)(da)(da)米(mi)(mi)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),其中,山(shan)東美晶米(mi)(mi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)有限公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司是(shi)省(sheng)級農業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化龍頭企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。該(gai)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司已經擁(yong)有獨立的(de)(de)進(jin)出(chu)口權,主要(yao)(yao)(yao)設備從日(ri)本(ben)、意(yi)大(da)(da)(da)利、德國(guo)、韓國(guo)等(deng)國(guo)引進(jin),大(da)(da)(da)膽(dan)引用(yong)了(le)(le)電(dian)子(zi)(zi)分色(se)(se)(se)、紫外(wai)(wai)線消毒等(deng)國(guo)際(ji)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi),并在(zai)(zai)車間(jian)內安裝了(le)(le)電(dian)子(zi)(zi)監控系統,實(shi)現(xian)了(le)(le)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)自動(dong)化和全過(guo)程監控。他們研究開發的(de)(de)發芽糙(cao)米(mi)(mi)和食用(yong)糙(cao)米(mi)(mi)填補了(le)(le)中國(guo)國(guo)內空白。有“大(da)(da)(da)米(mi)(mi)王(wang)中王(wang)”之稱的(de)(de)日(ri)本(ben)晚(wan)稻(dao)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)“越光(guang)米(mi)(mi)”在(zai)(zai)魚臺(tai)(tai)縣王(wang)魯(lu)鎮豐谷米(mi)(mi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)合作社試種(zhong)成(cheng)功,200多畝(mu)的(de)(de)稻(dao)谷加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)出(chu)來的(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)米(mi)(mi),以每公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤52元的(de)(de)天價被搶購(gou)一空。 據了(le)(le)解,“越光(guang)米(mi)(mi)”對種(zhong)植(zhi)環(huan)境要(yao)(yao)(yao)求很高(gao)(gao),需選用(yong)從未施用(yong)過(guo)無(wu)機肥(fei)料的(de)(de)土(tu)壤,水源要(yao)(yao)(yao)求無(wu)任何污(wu)染(ran),所產(chan)稻(dao)谷加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)米(mi)(mi)屬無(wu)污(wu)染(ran)、無(wu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)害、純天然(ran)的(de)(de)綠(lv)色(se)(se)(se)食品(pin)(pin)。劉寶啟創意(yi)的(de)(de)“現(xian)場(chang)直播(bo)”戰略,不僅提升了(le)(le)豐谷大(da)(da)(da)米(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)知名度、美譽(yu)度,而且擦亮了(le)(le)魚臺(tai)(tai)大(da)(da)(da)米(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)品(pin)(pin)牌(pai),拉動(dong)了(le)(le)魚臺(tai)(tai)特色(se)(se)(se)大(da)(da)(da)米(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)銷售(shou)量。如今,只(zhi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)是(shi)魚臺(tai)(tai)大(da)(da)(da)米(mi)(mi),在(zai)(zai)上(shang)海一路綠(lv)燈(deng),產(chan)銷兩旺,同(tong)時銷往河北(bei)、吉林、湖北(bei)、北(bei)京、天津等(deng)20多個省(sheng)市區(qu),成(cheng)為江北(bei)第(di)一米(mi)(mi)市。