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莒南(nan)板栗(li)(li)，山(shan)東(dong)省莒南(nan)縣名優特產，中國國家(jia)(jia)農產品地理標志保護產品。莒南(nan)縣地處低山(shan)丘陵區(qu)，雨熱(re)同季，秋高氣爽，土壤養(yang)分(fen)齊(qi)全，適(shi)宜板栗(li)(li)生(sheng)產，產量名列山(shan)東(dong)第一(yi)，被(bei)列為(wei)中國板栗(li)(li)優質高產高效栽培示范基地，所產板栗(li)(li)個大(da)、色艷、光滑油亮(liang)、果肉嫩黃細膩、香甜可口，素有"糯香栗(li)(li)"之稱。遠銷日(ri)本、新加(jia)坡、韓國、臺灣(wan)等(deng)國家(jia)(jia)和地區(qu)，深受客(ke)戶青睞。

產地環境

莒南縣位于山東(dong)省東(dong)南部魯蘇交界(jie)處，地處低(di)山丘陵區，土壤養(yang)分齊全，適宜板(ban)栗(li)生產。屬暖溫帶(dai)季(ji)(ji)風區半(ban)濕潤大陸性氣(qi)候，四季(ji)(ji)分明，冬季(ji)(ji)寒冷少雨雪(xue)，春(chun)季(ji)(ji)干旱多風，夏季(ji)(ji)炎(yan)熱(re)多雨，秋季(ji)(ji)天高氣(qi)爽，晝夜溫差大，有利于板(ban)栗(li)堅(jian)果養(yang)分積(ji)累。

品種特點

莒南板栗(li)(li)(li)個大(da)(da)、均勻，皮薄易剝，色(se)澤(ze)鮮艷，味道甘甜。經過長期生產(chan)檢驗(yan)和(he)篩選(xuan)淘汰，21世紀初廣(guang)泛(fan)種(zhong)植(zhi)的主(zhu)要有玉豐、石豐、麗(li)抗三個品(pin)種(zhong)。尤其(qi)是具有自主(zhu)知識產(chan)權的麗(li)抗板栗(li)(li)(li)品(pin)種(zhong)，樹冠擴張(zhang)快，早果、豐產(chan)、穩(wen)產(chan)，嫁接后第(di)二年結果;堅果外形美觀、亮麗(li)，果粒大(da)(da)，商(shang)品(pin)性(xing)狀優良，炒食口感好(hao)，糯性(xing)強(qiang)，內(nei)(nei)在品(pin)質(zhi)優良;抗干(gan)旱(han)、耐瘠薄，適(shi)合丘陵地建(jian)園栽植(zhi)，抗板栗(li)(li)(li)爛果病和(he)紅蜘蛛危(wei)害。該品(pin)種(zhong)2005年12月通過山東省林木品(pin)種(zhong)審定委員會審定，已(yi)被(bei)國內(nei)(nei)其(qi)它(ta)板栗(li)(li)(li)產(chan)區廣(guang)泛(fan)種(zhong)植(zhi)。

"莒(ju)南(nan)板栗(li)"營養豐(feng)富(fu)。含淀(dian)粉51%~60%，蛋白質5.7%~0.7%，脂肪2%~7.4%，還含有豐(feng)富(fu)的(de)纖維(wei)素、胡蘿卜素、維(wei)生素A、B、C及磷、鉀、鈣、鋅、硒等元(yuan)素，可供人體吸收和利用的(de)養分(fen)高達98%。熟食(shi)莒(ju)南(nan)板栗(li)可以益氣血、養胃(wei)、補腎、健肝脾;生食(shi)還有治療(liao)腰腿酸(suan)疼、舒筋活絡的(de)功效。莒(ju)南(nan)板栗(li)營養價值高。

生產情況

莒(ju)南(nan)(nan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)是山(shan)東(dong)省(sheng)(sheng)板(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)生(sheng)產(chan)基(ji)地(di)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)，板(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)是主(zhu)要經濟樹種(zhong)，從1990年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)起，莒(ju)南(nan)(nan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)就制定(ding)了(le)10年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)40萬(wan)(wan)畝的(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)規劃(hua)，對板(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)生(sheng)產(chan)實(shi)行(xing)目標考核責任制，并全(quan)(quan)面落實(shi)栗(li)(li)園承(cheng)包(bao)經營，并建(jian)立健全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、鄉、村(cun)三(san)級科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)推廣(guang)網絡。1995年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，莒(ju)南(nan)(nan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)政府制定(ding)了(le)《莒(ju)南(nan)(nan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)規范化(hua)管理規程(cheng)》，對板(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)生(sheng)產(chan)統一規劃(hua)、統一技(ji)(ji)術標準(zhun)做到(dao)(dao)(dao)山(shan)水田園路綜合開發(fa)(fa)(fa)，實(shi)行(xing)路到(dao)(dao)(dao)園、水到(dao)(dao)(dao)園、電(dian)到(dao)(dao)(dao)園和(he)養殖到(dao)(dao)(dao)園的(de)"四到(dao)(dao)(dao)園"。到(dao)(dao)(dao)2002年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)有板(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)栽培(pei)良(liang)種(zhong)53個，優(you)(you)(you)良(liang)品(pin)種(zhong)應用率(lv)達(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)98.8%，種(zhong)植面積41萬(wan)(wan)畝，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)量3584萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)斤。2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，栽培(pei)品(pin)種(zhong)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)到(dao)(dao)(dao)"燕山(shan)紅(hong)"、"煙(yan)青"、"煙(yan)泉(quan)""石豐"等優(you)(you)(you)良(liang)品(pin)種(zhong)，板(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)良(liang)種(zhong)化(hua)覆(fu)蓋率(lv)達(da)(da)100%。"莒(ju)南(nan)(nan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)"生(sheng)產(chan)標準(zhun)化(hua)程(cheng)度高。莒(ju)南(nan)(nan)共(gong)承(cheng)擔國家和(he)省(sheng)(sheng)市板(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)課題項目10余項，獲得省(sheng)(sheng)部(bu)級科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)成果8項，其中"板(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)良(liang)種(zhong)選育與出口(kou)創匯名(ming)(ming)牌(pai)(pai)產(chan)品(pin)基(ji)地(di)建(jian)設(she)"獲山(shan)東(dong)省(sheng)(sheng)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)進(jin)步二等獎。逐步形成了(le)一套完(wan)整的(de)"莒(ju)南(nan)(nan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)"栽培(pei)技(ji)(ji)術，形成了(le)穩定(ding)的(de)生(sheng)產(chan)隊伍和(he)網絡技(ji)(ji)術推廣(guang)模(mo)式。山(shan)東(dong)綠潤食(shi)品(pin)有限公(gong)司是中國最大的(de)板(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)加(jia)工(gong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)，2006年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)該(gai)公(gong)司板(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)產(chan)品(pin)被(bei)評為"山(shan)東(dong)省(sheng)(sheng)名(ming)(ming)牌(pai)(pai)產(chan)品(pin)"和(he)"山(shan)東(dong)名(ming)(ming)優(you)(you)(you)農(nong)(林(lin))產(chan)品(pin)";2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)8月被(bei)授予農(nong)業(ye)(ye)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)"國家重點龍頭企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)"。在該(gai)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)帶動(dong)下，莒(ju)南(nan)(nan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)已(yi)建(jian)成大型板(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)交易(yi)市場1處，大中型板(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)深加(jia)工(gong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)6處，小型初加(jia)工(gong)點300多個，實(shi)現板(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)交易(yi)量1.6萬(wan)(wan)噸，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)銷售(shou)收入3億元(yuan)。深加(jia)工(gong)產(chan)品(pin)遠銷日(ri)、韓、歐、美、加(jia)、中東(dong)、東(dong)南(nan)(nan)亞等地(di)，"沂蒙綠潤"牌(pai)(pai)板(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)深加(jia)工(gong)系列產(chan)品(pin)成為食(shi)品(pin)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)的(de)知名(ming)(ming)品(pin)牌(pai)(pai)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)出口(kou)創匯2000萬(wan)(wan)美元(yuan)。