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莒(ju)(ju)南(nan)板栗(li)，山東省莒(ju)(ju)南(nan)縣名(ming)優特(te)產(chan)(chan)(chan)，中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)家農產(chan)(chan)(chan)品地(di)理標志保護產(chan)(chan)(chan)品。莒(ju)(ju)南(nan)縣地(di)處低山丘陵區(qu)，雨(yu)熱同季(ji)，秋高氣(qi)爽，土壤養分齊全，適(shi)宜板栗(li)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)，產(chan)(chan)(chan)量名(ming)列山東第一，被列為中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)板栗(li)優質高產(chan)(chan)(chan)高效栽培(pei)示范(fan)基地(di)，所產(chan)(chan)(chan)板栗(li)個大、色艷、光滑油亮、果肉嫩黃(huang)細(xi)膩、香甜可口，素有"糯(nuo)香栗(li)"之(zhi)稱(cheng)。遠銷日本、新(xin)加坡、韓國(guo)(guo)、臺灣等國(guo)(guo)家和地(di)區(qu)，深受(shou)客戶青睞(lai)。

產地環境

莒南縣位于山東省東南部(bu)魯蘇(su)交界處，地處低山丘陵區(qu)，土壤養分(fen)(fen)(fen)齊(qi)全(quan)，適宜(yi)板栗生產。屬(shu)暖溫帶季(ji)風(feng)區(qu)半(ban)濕潤大陸性氣(qi)(qi)候，四季(ji)分(fen)(fen)(fen)明，冬季(ji)寒冷(leng)少雨雪，春季(ji)干旱多風(feng)，夏季(ji)炎熱多雨，秋季(ji)天(tian)高氣(qi)(qi)爽，晝夜溫差大，有利于板栗堅果養分(fen)(fen)(fen)積累。

品種特點

莒南板(ban)栗(li)個大(da)、均勻，皮薄易(yi)剝，色(se)澤鮮艷，味道甘甜。經過長(chang)期生產(chan)檢驗和篩(shai)選淘汰，21世(shi)紀初廣泛種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)的主要有玉豐(feng)、石豐(feng)、麗(li)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)三個品種(zhong)(zhong)。尤其是具有自主知識(shi)產(chan)權的麗(li)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)板(ban)栗(li)品種(zhong)(zhong)，樹冠擴張快(kuai)，早果(guo)、豐(feng)產(chan)、穩產(chan)，嫁接后(hou)第二年結(jie)果(guo);堅(jian)果(guo)外形美觀、亮麗(li)，果(guo)粒大(da)，商品性(xing)狀優(you)良(liang)，炒食口感好(hao)，糯性(xing)強，內在品質優(you)良(liang);抗(kang)(kang)(kang)干旱、耐瘠薄，適合丘陵地(di)建園栽植(zhi)，抗(kang)(kang)(kang)板(ban)栗(li)爛果(guo)病和紅蜘蛛危害。該品種(zhong)(zhong)2005年12月通(tong)過山(shan)東(dong)省林木品種(zhong)(zhong)審定委員(yuan)會審定，已被國內其它板(ban)栗(li)產(chan)區(qu)廣泛種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)。

"莒(ju)南(nan)(nan)板栗(li)"營養豐富。含(han)淀粉51%~60%，蛋白質5.7%~0.7%，脂肪2%~7.4%，還含(han)有(you)豐富的纖維素(su)、胡蘿卜素(su)、維生素(su)A、B、C及(ji)磷(lin)、鉀、鈣、鋅、硒等元素(su)，可供人體吸收和利用的養分高達98%。熟食莒(ju)南(nan)(nan)板栗(li)可以益氣血、養胃、補腎(shen)、健肝脾;生食還有(you)治療腰腿酸疼、舒筋活絡的功效。莒(ju)南(nan)(nan)板栗(li)營養價值高。

生產情況

莒(ju)(ju)南(nan)(nan)(nan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)是山(shan)東(dong)省板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)基地縣(xian)(xian)(xian)，板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)是主要經(jing)濟樹(shu)種(zhong)(zhong)，從(cong)1990年(nian)起，莒(ju)(ju)南(nan)(nan)(nan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)就(jiu)制(zhi)(zhi)定了10年(nian)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)40萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)規(gui)劃(hua)，對(dui)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)實行(xing)(xing)目標考(kao)核責任制(zhi)(zhi)，并全(quan)面落實栗(li)(li)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)承包經(jing)營，并建(jian)立健全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、鄉、村三級(ji)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)推(tui)廣(guang)網絡(luo)。1995年(nian)，莒(ju)(ju)南(nan)(nan)(nan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)政府制(zhi)(zhi)定了《莒(ju)(ju)南(nan)(nan)(nan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)規(gui)范(fan)化(hua)管理規(gui)程》，對(dui)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)統(tong)(tong)一(yi)規(gui)劃(hua)、統(tong)(tong)一(yi)技(ji)(ji)術標準做(zuo)到(dao)(dao)(dao)山(shan)水田園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)路(lu)綜(zong)合開發(fa)(fa)(fa)，實行(xing)(xing)路(lu)到(dao)(dao)(dao)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、水到(dao)(dao)(dao)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、電到(dao)(dao)(dao)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和養殖到(dao)(dao)(dao)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)"四到(dao)(dao)(dao)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)"。到(dao)(dao)(dao)2002年(nian)，全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)有板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)栽(zai)培(pei)良種(zhong)(zhong)53個(ge)，優(you)良品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)應用率達到(dao)(dao)(dao)98.8%，種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)面積41萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)，年(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)3584萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)斤。2008年(nian)，栽(zai)培(pei)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)到(dao)(dao)(dao)"燕山(shan)紅"、"煙(yan)青(qing)"、"煙(yan)泉""石豐"等優(you)良品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)，板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)良種(zhong)(zhong)化(hua)覆蓋率達100%。"莒(ju)(ju)南(nan)(nan)(nan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)"生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)標準化(hua)程度高。莒(ju)(ju)南(nan)(nan)(nan)共(gong)承擔國家(jia)和省市板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)課題項(xiang)(xiang)目10余項(xiang)(xiang)，獲得省部級(ji)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)果8項(xiang)(xiang)，其中(zhong)"板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)良種(zhong)(zhong)選育與出口創(chuang)匯名(ming)(ming)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)基地建(jian)設"獲山(shan)東(dong)省科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)進步二等獎。逐步形成(cheng)(cheng)了一(yi)套完(wan)整的(de)(de)"莒(ju)(ju)南(nan)(nan)(nan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)"栽(zai)培(pei)技(ji)(ji)術，形成(cheng)(cheng)了穩定的(de)(de)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)隊伍(wu)和網絡(luo)技(ji)(ji)術推(tui)廣(guang)模式。山(shan)東(dong)綠(lv)潤(run)(run)食(shi)品(pin)有限公(gong)司是中(zhong)國最大的(de)(de)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)加工(gong)(gong)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)，2006年(nian)該公(gong)司板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)被評(ping)為(wei)"山(shan)東(dong)省名(ming)(ming)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)"和"山(shan)東(dong)名(ming)(ming)優(you)農(林(lin))產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)";2008年(nian)8月被授予農業(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)"國家(jia)重點(dian)龍頭(tou)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)"。在該企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)帶動(dong)下(xia)，莒(ju)(ju)南(nan)(nan)(nan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)已建(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)大型板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)交易市場(chang)1處，大中(zhong)型板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)深加工(gong)(gong)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)6處，小型初加工(gong)(gong)點(dian)300多個(ge)，實現(xian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)年(nian)交易量(liang)1.6萬(wan)(wan)噸(dun)，年(nian)銷售(shou)收(shou)入3億元(yuan)。深加工(gong)(gong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)遠銷日、韓、歐、美、加、中(zhong)東(dong)、東(dong)南(nan)(nan)(nan)亞等地，"沂(yi)蒙綠(lv)潤(run)(run)"牌(pai)(pai)(pai)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)深加工(gong)(gong)系列產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)食(shi)品(pin)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)知名(ming)(ming)品(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)，年(nian)出口創(chuang)匯2000萬(wan)(wan)美元(yuan)。