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莒南板栗，山東(dong)省莒南縣名(ming)優特產(chan)(chan)，中國(guo)國(guo)家農產(chan)(chan)品地理標志保護產(chan)(chan)品。莒南縣地處低(di)山丘陵(ling)區，雨熱同季，秋高(gao)氣爽，土壤(rang)養分齊全，適宜板栗生產(chan)(chan)，產(chan)(chan)量名(ming)列山東(dong)第(di)一，被列為中國(guo)板栗優質高(gao)產(chan)(chan)高(gao)效(xiao)栽培示范基地，所產(chan)(chan)板栗個大(da)、色(se)艷、光(guang)滑油亮(liang)、果肉嫩黃(huang)細膩(ni)、香甜可口，素有(you)"糯香栗"之(zhi)稱(cheng)。遠銷(xiao)日本、新(xin)加坡、韓(han)國(guo)、臺灣等國(guo)家和地區，深(shen)受客戶青睞。

產地環境

莒南(nan)縣位于(yu)山(shan)(shan)東省(sheng)東南(nan)部魯蘇(su)交界處，地處低山(shan)(shan)丘陵(ling)區(qu)，土(tu)壤養(yang)分(fen)齊全，適宜(yi)板栗(li)生產。屬(shu)暖溫帶季風區(qu)半濕潤大(da)陸性(xing)氣候，四(si)季分(fen)明，冬季寒冷少(shao)雨雪，春季干(gan)旱多(duo)風，夏季炎熱多(duo)雨，秋(qiu)季天(tian)高氣爽，晝夜溫差大(da)，有利(li)于(yu)板栗(li)堅果養(yang)分(fen)積累。

品種特點

莒南板(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)個大、均(jun)勻，皮(pi)薄易剝(bo)，色澤鮮艷(yan)，味道甘甜。經過長(chang)期生產檢驗和篩選淘(tao)汰，21世紀初廣泛種(zhong)植的主(zhu)要有玉豐(feng)、石豐(feng)、麗抗三個品(pin)種(zhong)。尤其是具(ju)有自主(zhu)知識產權的麗抗板(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)品(pin)種(zhong)，樹冠(guan)擴張快(kuai)，早果、豐(feng)產、穩產，嫁(jia)接后第二年結果;堅果外形美(mei)觀、亮(liang)麗，果粒大，商品(pin)性狀優(you)良(liang)，炒食(shi)口感(gan)好，糯(nuo)性強，內在品(pin)質優(you)良(liang);抗干旱(han)、耐瘠(ji)薄，適合丘陵地建園(yuan)栽植，抗板(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)爛果病和紅蜘蛛(zhu)危害。該品(pin)種(zhong)2005年12月通過山東省(sheng)林(lin)木品(pin)種(zhong)審(shen)定委員(yuan)會審(shen)定，已被國內其它板(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)產區廣泛種(zhong)植。

"莒南(nan)(nan)板(ban)栗"營養(yang)豐(feng)(feng)富。含淀粉51%~60%，蛋白質5.7%~0.7%，脂肪2%~7.4%，還(huan)含有豐(feng)(feng)富的(de)纖維素(su)(su)、胡蘿卜素(su)(su)、維生(sheng)素(su)(su)A、B、C及(ji)磷、鉀、鈣、鋅、硒等元素(su)(su)，可供人體吸收和利用的(de)養(yang)分高達98%。熟食莒南(nan)(nan)板(ban)栗可以(yi)益氣血、養(yang)胃、補(bu)腎、健肝脾(pi);生(sheng)食還(huan)有治療(liao)腰腿酸疼、舒筋活絡的(de)功效。莒南(nan)(nan)板(ban)栗營養(yang)價值高。

生產情況

莒(ju)南(nan)(nan)縣(xian)是山(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)省板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)(li)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)基地縣(xian)，板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)(li)是主要經濟樹種(zhong)(zhong)，從1990年(nian)(nian)起，莒(ju)南(nan)(nan)縣(xian)就制(zhi)(zhi)定了(le)10年(nian)(nian)發(fa)展(zhan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)(li)40萬(wan)畝的發(fa)展(zhan)規(gui)劃，對板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)(li)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)實(shi)行目標考(kao)核責任(ren)制(zhi)(zhi)，并全面(mian)(mian)落實(shi)栗(li)(li)(li)園(yuan)承(cheng)包經營，并建立(li)健全縣(xian)、鄉、村(cun)三級科(ke)技(ji)推廣網(wang)絡。1995年(nian)(nian)，莒(ju)南(nan)(nan)縣(xian)政(zheng)府制(zhi)(zhi)定了(le)《莒(ju)南(nan)(nan)縣(xian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)(li)規(gui)范化(hua)管理規(gui)程》，對板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)(li)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)統一(yi)規(gui)劃、統一(yi)技(ji)術(shu)標準做到山(shan)(shan)水田園(yuan)路綜合(he)開(kai)發(fa)，實(shi)行路到園(yuan)、水到園(yuan)、電到園(yuan)和養殖到園(yuan)的"四到園(yuan)"。到2002年(nian)(nian)，全縣(xian)有(you)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)(li)栽培良種(zhong)(zhong)53個，優(you)良品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)應(ying)用(yong)率達到98.8%，種(zhong)(zhong)植面(mian)(mian)積41萬(wan)畝，年(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)量3584萬(wan)公(gong)斤。2008年(nian)(nian)，栽培品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)發(fa)展(zhan)到"燕山(shan)(shan)紅"、"煙(yan)青"、"煙(yan)泉""石(shi)豐"等優(you)良品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)，板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)(li)良種(zhong)(zhong)化(hua)覆蓋率達100%。"莒(ju)南(nan)(nan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)(li)"生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)標準化(hua)程度高。莒(ju)南(nan)(nan)共(gong)承(cheng)擔國家(jia)和省市板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)(li)科(ke)技(ji)課(ke)題(ti)項目10余(yu)項，獲得省部級科(ke)技(ji)成果(guo)8項，其(qi)中(zhong)"板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)(li)良種(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)育與出口(kou)創(chuang)匯(hui)名(ming)牌產(chan)(chan)品(pin)基地建設"獲山(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)省科(ke)技(ji)進步(bu)二等獎。逐步(bu)形成了(le)一(yi)套完整的"莒(ju)南(nan)(nan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)(li)"栽培技(ji)術(shu)，形成了(le)穩(wen)定的生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)隊伍和網(wang)絡技(ji)術(shu)推廣模式。山(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)綠潤食品(pin)有(you)限公(gong)司(si)是中(zhong)國最(zui)大(da)的板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)(li)加工(gong)企業(ye)(ye)，2006年(nian)(nian)該(gai)公(gong)司(si)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)(li)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)被(bei)評為"山(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)省名(ming)牌產(chan)(chan)品(pin)"和"山(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)名(ming)優(you)農(nong)(林(lin))產(chan)(chan)品(pin)";2008年(nian)(nian)8月被(bei)授予農(nong)業(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)"國家(jia)重點龍(long)頭(tou)企業(ye)(ye)"。在該(gai)企業(ye)(ye)的帶動(dong)下，莒(ju)南(nan)(nan)縣(xian)已(yi)建成大(da)型板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)(li)交易市場1處(chu)(chu)，大(da)中(zhong)型板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)(li)深加工(gong)企業(ye)(ye)6處(chu)(chu)，小型初加工(gong)點300多個，實(shi)現板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)(li)年(nian)(nian)交易量1.6萬(wan)噸，年(nian)(nian)銷(xiao)售(shou)收入(ru)3億元。深加工(gong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)遠銷(xiao)日、韓、歐、美(mei)、加、中(zhong)東(dong)(dong)、東(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)亞(ya)等地，"沂蒙(meng)綠潤"牌板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)(li)深加工(gong)系列產(chan)(chan)品(pin)成為食品(pin)行業(ye)(ye)的知名(ming)品(pin)牌，年(nian)(nian)出口(kou)創(chuang)匯(hui)2000萬(wan)美(mei)元。