一.產品介紹
洪(hong)(hong)(hong)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)縣地處川(chuan)西盆地西南邊緣,位于(yu)成都、樂山(shan)、雅(ya)(ya)(ya)安(an)(an)三角地帶,幅員面積1896平方公(gong)里(li)。因(yin)其冬無(wu)(wu)嚴寒,夏無(wu)(wu)酷暑,云多霧大,雨量充沛,日(ri)照偏(pian)少,無(wu)(wu)霜期較長,空氣濕(shi)潤,宜(yi)茶(cha)酸性土壤有機質含量高達3%以上。造就了“千里(li)連綿(mian)綠海(hai),四時云霧繚繞”的(de)茶(cha)葉(xie)生(sheng)態環境(jing),孕育出了洪(hong)(hong)(hong)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)一方出產(chan)優質茶(cha)葉(xie)的(de)風水寶地。 洪(hong)(hong)(hong)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)綠茶(cha)即是用采自洪(hong)(hong)(hong)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)無(wu)(wu)公(gong)害生(sheng)態茶(cha)園的(de)細嫩牙尖,精(jing)制加工而(er)成的(de)高檔(dang)綠茶(cha)。沖泡(pao)后:湯色清(qing)碧明亮(liang),香味(wei)(wei)清(qing)純持久(jiu),葉(xie)底(di)嫩勻、芽(ya)葉(xie)相(xiang)抱,滋味(wei)(wei)十分鮮爽、醇厚、回(hui)口甘,使人(ren)(ren)(ren)齒頻留香,給(gei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)以養(yang)心、養(yang)眼,回(hui)味(wei)(wei)無(wu)(wu)窮之感受。 早(zao)在秦(qin)、漢(han)、晉時代(dai),洪(hong)(hong)(hong)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)尚未置(zhi)縣,其現有地域為益(yi)州(zhou)(zhou)犍為郡南安(an)(an)縣所轄,與益(yi)州(zhou)(zhou)犍為郡武(wu)陽(yang)(yang)縣相(xiang)毗鄰。從《爾雅(ya)(ya)(ya)》中(zhong)(zhong)有茶(cha)名(ming)(ming)和《華(hua)陽(yang)(yang)國(guo)志》中(zhong)(zhong)蜀人(ren)(ren)(ren)以茶(cha)貢周人(ren)(ren)(ren)看,洪(hong)(hong)(hong)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)飲(yin)茶(cha)起源(yuan)(yuan)于(yu)春(chun)秋戰國(guo)時期較為可信。西漢(han)宣帝時(公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)前73―49年)蜀人(ren)(ren)(ren)王褒《僮約(yue)》中(zhong)(zhong)規定僮奴任(ren)務是“牽犬(quan)販鵝,武(wu)陽(yang)(yang)買(mai)(mai)茶(cha)”;東晉蜀人(ren)(ren)(ren)著名(ming)(ming)的(de)方志家(jia)常璩(約(yue)291―357年)的(de)《華(hua)陽(yang)(yang)國(guo)志·蜀志》中(zhong)(zhong)提(ti)到犍為郡:“漢(han)有鹽井,南安(an)(an)、武(wu)陽(yang)(yang),皆出名(ming)(ming)茶(cha)”。由此可以斷定洪(hong)(hong)(hong)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)產(chan)茶(cha)歷史源(yuan)(yuan)遠(yuan)流長,在兩千年以上。 洪(hong)(hong)(hong)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)縣自公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)593年(隋(sui)開皇十三年)置(zhi)縣后,在唐(tang)宋時期屬劍南眉(mei)州(zhou)(zhou)。唐(tang)朝陸羽(733-804年)著述《茶(cha)經》中(zhong)(zhong)將眉(mei)州(zhou)(zhou)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)列(lie)為茶(cha)葉(xie)出產(chan)地。唐(tang)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和八(ba)年(公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)813)李吉甫《元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和郡縣志》中(zhong)(zhong)記載:“洪(hong)(hong)(hong)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)買(mai)(mai)茶(cha)場,地址蘆溪(xi)(今(jin)花(hua)溪(xi))”。
二.自然生態環(huan)境和人文歷史因素
洪(hong)雅(ya)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)域擁有(you)(you)全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)少有(you)(you)的(de)丹霞地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)發育,地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形由西南向東北高(gao)(gao)低(di)梯次變化(hua)為(wei)高(gao)(gao)山(shan)(shan)、中山(shan)(shan)、深丘、淺丘、臺地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、河(he)谷。地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)以山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)丘陵(ling)為(wei)主(zhu),河(he)谷分(fen)布在青衣江(jiang)、花溪河(he)兩岸。境(jing)內有(you)(you)大小河(he)流330條,林地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)200萬畝,森林覆蓋率67%,享有(you)(you)“綠海(hai)明珠之譽(yu)”。計有(you)(you)海(hai)拔1000米以上高(gao)(gao)山(shan)(shan)500座,海(hai)拔高(gao)(gao)度(du)800-1000米以上的(de)中山(shan)(shan)1380多(duo)(duo)座,素(su)(su)有(you)(you)“七山(shan)(shan)、二(er)水、—分(fen)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)”之稱。產區(qu)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)以有(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)質含量(liang)3%以上(PH值(zhi)5-6.5)的(de)酸性(xing)至微(wei)酸性(xing)土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)為(wei)主(zhu),宜于種植茶(cha)(cha)樹(shu)的(de)面(mian)積(ji)達31.5萬畝。年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)日照時(shi)數1080小時(shi),年(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)(jun)(jun)太陽輻(fu)射(she)(she)總量(liang)338KJ/C平(ping)方米,系(xi)全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)太陽輻(fu)射(she)(she)低(di)值(zhi)區(qu)。年(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)(jun)(jun)降水量(liang)1435毫(hao)米,年(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)(jun)(jun)空(kong)氣溫(wen)度(du)達84%,系(xi)全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)高(gao)(gao)濕地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)之—。年(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)(jun)(jun)溫(wen)16.8℃(其(qi)中l月(yue)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)氣溫(wen)6.6℃,七月(yue)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)氣溫(wen)25.7℃),符合(he)茶(cha)(cha)樹(shu)10℃開始萌(meng)芽生長的(de)年(nian)(nian)(nian)積(ji)溫(wen)5309.6℃,年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)無(wu)霜期307天。四季分(fen)明,冬無(wu)嚴(yan)寒(han)、夏(xia)無(wu)酷暑,雨量(liang)充沛、雨熱同步,適(shi)宜茶(cha)(cha)樹(shu)自然生長。農(nong)歷“九(jiu)月(yue)微(wei)微(wei)冷,十月(yue)小陽春”的(de)獨特小氣候(hou)(hou)使(shi)洪(hong)雅(ya)茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)表現出“冬芽早(zao)秀”的(de)標志性(xing)特點。相對低(di)溫(wen)、高(gao)(gao)濕度(du)、低(di)輻(fu)射(she)(she)和多(duo)(duo)云霧的(de)氣候(hou)(hou)特征和富含有(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)質的(de)微(wei)酸性(xing)土(tu)(tu)質,不僅能(neng)抑制茶(cha)(cha)樹(shu)芽葉(xie)(xie)纖維素(su)(su)的(de)合(he)成(cheng)、維持新梢組織中高(gao)(gao)濃度(du)的(de)可溶性(xing)氮化(hua)物,保持芽葉(xie)(xie)柔(rou)嫩;而(er)且增強(qiang)茶(cha)(cha)園(yuan)漫(man)射(she)(she)光效應(ying),有(you)(you)利于多(duo)(duo)種芳香物質合(he)成(cheng)。2000年(nian)(nian)(nian)后洪(hong)雅(ya)縣先后被(bei)評為(wei)全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)首批生態農(nong)業建設先進縣、全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)無(wu)公害(hai)綠茶(cha)(cha)基地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)縣。
三.地域范圍
洪(hong)雅綠(lv)茶產(chan)于四川盆地西南邊緣洪(hong)雅縣(xian)轄區內(nei)的(de)的(de)止戈(ge)鎮(zhen)、中山(shan)(shan)鄉、將軍(jun)鄉、三寶鎮(zhen)、柳江鎮(zhen)、槽(cao)漁灘鎮(zhen)、漢王鄉、洪(hong)川鎮(zhen)、高廟鎮(zhen)、余坪(ping)鎮(zhen)、東(dong)岳鎮(zhen)、中保(bao)鎮(zhen)、瓦屋山(shan)(shan)鎮(zhen)、花溪(xi)鎮(zhen)、桃源鄉15個鄉(鎮(zhen)),地理坐(zuo)標:東(dong)經102°49′-103°32′,北緯29°24′-30°00′,保(bao)護面積(ji)14378公頃,年產(chan)量(liang)13000噸。
四.產品品質特(te)性特(te)征
(1)外(wai)在感官品質:洪雅綠茶外(wai)形芽頭秀雅、扁平直(zhi)、勻整,色澤(ze)綠光潤,香氣清香持(chi)久,湯色黃(huang)綠明(ming)亮,滋味鮮醇爽(shuang)口,葉底嫩(nen)綠勻亮。
(2)內在品質(zhi)指標:水浸出物≥40%,茶(cha)多酚(fen)≥16%,含豐富的(de)氨(an)基酸。
(3)安全要求(qiu):洪(hong)雅綠(lv)茶(cha)符(fu)合《無公(gong)害食品 茶(cha)葉》(NY5244-2004)標準的(de)安全要求(qiu)。