生產地區
陽(yang)曲屬黃土丘陵(ling)地(di)(di)(di)段,地(di)(di)(di)處(chu)山(shan)西中(zhong)部(bu),位于東經(jing)112°12'-113°19',北緯(wei)37°16’-38°25’,是(shi)(shi)一個(ge)(ge)以小雜(za)(za)糧(liang)生產為主(zhu)的(de)貧(pin)困(kun)山(shan)區縣。全(quan)縣轄10個(ge)(ge)鄉鎮,124個(ge)(ge)行(xing)政(zheng)村,總(zong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)口(kou)(kou)14萬人(ren)(ren)(ren),其中(zhong)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)口(kou)(kou)12.4萬人(ren)(ren)(ren),國土面(mian)(mian)積(ji)2060平方公里,總(zong)耕地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)2.7萬hm^2,農(nong)(nong)業(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)口(kou)(kou)人(ren)(ren)(ren)均占(zhan)有耕地(di)(di)(di)0.22hm^2。全(quan)縣境(jing)內(nei)山(shan)嶺(ling)溝壑縱橫,丘陵(ling)起伏,平均海拔1000m,垂直高差(cha)1301.9m,有72.8%的(de)農(nong)(nong)耕地(di)(di)(di)分布在(zai)海拔800-1200m之間(jian)全(quan)年(nian)降水450mm,主(zhu)要(yao)集中(zhong)在(zai)7、8、9三(san)個(ge)(ge)月,無霜期120-160天(tian),光照充足,土壤種類多(duo),四季(ji)分明(ming),是(shi)(shi)一個(ge)(ge)典(dian)型的(de)丘陵(ling)旱作(zuo)區,適宜于小雜(za)(za)糧(liang)生產。小雜(za)(za)糧(liang)品(pin)種多(duo),面(mian)(mian)積(ji)大,歷史上是(shi)(shi)一個(ge)(ge)小雜(za)(za)糧(liang)大縣,是(shi)(shi)遠(yuan)近聞名的(de)“小雜(za)(za)糧(liang)王(wang)國”。2009年(nian)8月經(jing)國家農(nong)(nong)業(ye)部(bu)門檢測它富含人(ren)(ren)(ren)體所(suo)需(xu)的(de)5種維生素高于其他地(di)(di)(di)方同類產品(pin)。
主要特點
陽曲盛(sheng)產的(de)(de)小(xiao)米(mi)稱為“白(bai)馬(ma)掌(zhang)小(xiao)米(mi)”,大致有兩個(ge)新品種,一(yi)種叫(jiao)東(dong)風亮 ,一(yi)種叫(jiao)朱砂紅,營養成分豐(feng)富,所(suo)含脂(zhi)肪(fang)和蛋(dan)白(bai)質都高于大米(mi)和小(xiao)麥。“東(dong)風亮”小(xiao)米(mi)也叫(jiao) “東(dong)方亮”,在夏商時期就(jiu)開始種植,因為它(ta)的(de)(de)谷穗形(xing)狀像(xiang)小(xiao)茅草,所(suo)以又有個(ge)“毛尖谷”的(de)(de)綽號。白(bai)馬(ma)掌(zhang)小(xiao)米(mi)的(de)(de)特點(dian)是米(mi)色金黃,有光澤,米(mi)粒飽(bao)滿,蒸(zheng)煮皆宜,米(mi)味(wei)香甜(tian),熬(ao)成的(de)(de)稀飯(fan)黏(nian)度恰到好處,米(mi)粒溶(rong)脹飽(bao)滿,稀飯(fan)與米(mi)粒渾(hun)然(ran)一(yi)體、香甜(tian)可(ke)口(kou)。
饋贈佳品
陽曲小(xiao)(xiao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)因其產地土壤貧瘠、干(gan)旱,得天(tian)獨(du)厚(hou)的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)長環境孕育了香甜可口的(de)(de)(de)純天(tian)然、原生態小(xiao)(xiao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),現已成(cheng)了市場(chang)上的(de)(de)(de)搶手貨,走親串友(you)的(de)(de)(de)饋贈佳品(pin)。知情(qing)人到(dao)太(tai)原陽曲朋(peng)友(you)家作客(ke),必求主人做一(yi)頓小(xiao)(xiao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)粥(zhou)或小(xiao)(xiao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)干(gan)飯(fan)。飯(fan)未及(ji)端來,就先聞到(dao)一(yi)種醇(chun)樸的(de)(de)(de)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)香,再配上些當地的(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)(xiao)菜,吃起來真是(shi)別(bie)有(you)一(yi)番(fan)風味(wei)。
陽曲(qu)(qu)(qu)小米(mi)(mi)(mi)很具特(te)色,其(qi)色澤蠟黃(huang),顆圓(yuan)潤(run),味香甜,做成(cheng)米(mi)(mi)(mi)粥、稀飯口感筋而(er)黃(huang),制成(cheng)面粉(fen)可(ke)蒸制種(zhong)(zhong)種(zhong)(zhong)食(shi)(shi)品,尤宜老人、小孩、孕婦(fu)食(shi)(shi)用(yong)。陽曲(qu)(qu)(qu)小米(mi)(mi)(mi)除食(shi)(shi)用(yong)外,還可(ke)釀酒、制飴糖。陽曲(qu)(qu)(qu)小米(mi)(mi)(mi)營養(yang)價值高,富(fu)含(han)有(you)豐富(fu)的(de)(de)對人體(ti)有(you)利的(de)(de)元(yuan)(yuan)素(su)(su),其(qi)18種(zhong)(zhong)氨基酸總量(liang)(liang)為(wei)(wei)9.86g/100g、蛋白質(zhi)(zhi)9.57g/100g、脂肪3.50g/100g、維(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)C10.2mg /100g、維(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)E(生(sheng)(sheng)育酚)1.10 mg /kg、維(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)E(生(sheng)(sheng)育酚)11.2 mg /kg、磷 4.53g/100g、鉀2320mg/kg、鈉5.65mg/kg、鎂931mg/kg、鈣156mg/kg、能量(liang)(liang)1577kJ/100g、碳(tan)水化(hua)合物75.6 g/100g、總膳食(shi)(shi)纖維(wei)(wei)(wei)6.16g/100g、鐵26.9mg/kg、25.2mg/kg、硒0.026mg/kg、錳1.97mg/kg、碘30.0mg/kg、維(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)B10.17mg/100g、維(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)B20.74mg/100g,陽曲(qu)(qu)(qu)小米(mi)(mi)(mi)具有(you)較(jiao)高的(de)(de)營養(yang)價值和(he)藥用(yong)價值,富(fu)含(han)蛋白質(zhi)(zhi)、脂肪、維(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)A、B、B2及人體(ti)所(suo)需的(de)(de)微量(liang)(liang)元(yuan)(yuan)素(su)(su),是民間常用(yong)的(de)(de)滋補食(shi)(shi)品。在2009年7月22日,陽曲(qu)(qu)(qu)縣農(nong)(nong)(nong)委已向國(guo)家農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)部(bu)申報了(le)(le)“陽曲(qu)(qu)(qu)小米(mi)(mi)(mi)”地(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志特(te)色農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品登(deng)記(ji)保護,同時(shi)委托譜尼測(ce)(ce)試(shi)科技(北(bei)(bei)京)有(you)限公司(si)對“陽曲(qu)(qu)(qu)小米(mi)(mi)(mi)”進行了(le)(le)全面檢測(ce)(ce),經《檢測(ce)(ce)報告書》NO.0907081-227號顯示,“陽曲(qu)(qu)(qu)小米(mi)(mi)(mi)”符合國(guo)家農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)部(bu)頒發的(de)(de)《農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品地(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志管理(li)(li)(li)辦(ban)法》中要求的(de)(de)各項指標(biao)(biao),國(guo)家農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)部(bu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)部(bu)已經為(wei)(wei)陽曲(qu)(qu)(qu)縣農(nong)(nong)(nong)委頒發了(le)(le)“陽曲(qu)(qu)(qu)小米(mi)(mi)(mi)”農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品地(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志登(deng)記(ji)證書,地(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)坐標(biao)(biao)為(wei)(wei)東經112°12′00″~113°09′00″,北(bei)(bei)緯(wei)37°56′00″~38°09′00″。陽曲(qu)(qu)(qu)小米(mi)(mi)(mi)已注冊為(wei)(wei)國(guo)家農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)部(bu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品地(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志產(chan)(chan)品,為(wei)(wei)地(di)(di)(di)域特(te)色農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品資源,保證地(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品的(de)(de)品質(zhi)(zhi)和(he)特(te)色,提升市場競爭力,有(you)效的(de)(de)保護了(le)(le)產(chan)(chan)品質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)和(he)信譽。
相關資料
小(xiao)米(mi)是(shi)由野生的“狗尾(wei)草”選育馴化而來(lai)的。今天世(shi)界各地栽培的小(xiao)米(mi),都是(shi)由中國傳去的。全世(shi)界小(xiao)米(mi)栽培面積約10多億畝,我國最多,總產(chan)量最高,多分布在黃河中下游地區(qu)、東北、內蒙(meng)古等(deng)地。
小米(mi)是一年生草本植(zhi)物(wu) ,屬禾本科。它性喜(xi)溫暖,適應性強。農諺“只(zhi)有青山干(gan)死竹(zhu),未(wei)見地里旱(han)死粟”,說明(ming)小米(mi)的抗旱(han)能(neng)力超群。它既耐(nai)干(gan)旱(han)、貧(pin)瘠,又不怕酸堿,所以在我國南北干(gan)旱(han)地區(qu)、貧(pin)瘠山區(qu)都(dou)有種(zhong)植(zhi)。按成熟遲早(zao)可(ke)(ke)分早(zao)、中、晚三熟;以籽(zi)粒粘性可(ke)(ke)分糯粟和粳(jing)粟。