一.產品介紹
東(dong)沙河村有(you)栽種果樹的習慣。早(zao)在(zai)清末民初(chu)就有(you)種植(zhi)(zhi)檳、沙果、杏、李子、葡(pu)萄等(deng)樹。唐(tang)杏從上世紀八十年(nian)代初(chu)開始(shi)零星(xing)引進種植(zhi)(zhi),以庭院種植(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)主,到上世紀末開始(shi)大面積種植(zhi)(zhi),截止到2014年(nian),已(yi)發(fa)展到666.7公(gong)頃,成為(wei)(wei)晉北(bei)遠近(jin)聞名的唐(tang)杏種植(zhi)(zhi)區(qu)。
二.自然生態環境和人文歷史(shi)因素
1、土(tu)壤地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌情況:產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)土(tu)壤類型為(wei)中壤耕種灌於栗褐土(tu)性土(tu),質(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)適中,土(tu)層(ceng)深(shen)厚,土(tu)壤肥沃。據土(tu)壤化驗,耕地(di)(di)(di)(di)土(tu)壤有(you)(you)(you)機(ji)質(zhi)在(zai)0.8-1.1%之(zhi)間,含氮0.06-0.08%,速效磷(lin)15-20ppm,速效鉀85-123ppm,農民施肥水平(ping)也比較高,據調查(cha),平(ping)均每(mei)年畝施有(you)(you)(you)機(ji)肥3000-5000公(gong)斤(jin),氮肥(純(chun)N)10-15公(gong)斤(jin),磷(lin)肥(五氧化二磷(lin))6-12公(gong)斤(jin),土(tu)壤養分能夠滿足唐杏生(sheng)(sheng)長發(fa)育的需(xu)求。天鎮(zhen)唐杏產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)地(di)(di)(di)(di)處(chu)天陽盆(pen)地(di)(di)(di)(di)東(dong)部,南洋河南岸二級階地(di)(di)(di)(di)上,北(bei)有(you)(you)(you)馬鞍山,南有(you)(you)(you)孤峰(feng)山,東(dong)有(you)(you)(you)丘陵區,形成北(bei)、東(dong)、南高、中間低的地(di)(di)(di)(di)形特征,具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)唐杏生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)獨特的地(di)(di)(di)(di)理(li)環境(jing)。且(qie)產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)平(ping)整(zheng)、土(tu)層(ceng)深(shen)厚、土(tu)壤肥沃、地(di)(di)(di)(di)下水源豐富,是(shi)唐杏生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)的理(li)想(xiang)產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)。
2、水(shui)(shui)文情況:該村地(di)處季馮窯洪(hong)積(ji)扇中(zhong)下游部和三沙河古河道(dao)區域(yu),屬平(ping)(ping)川區松散巖(yan)(yan)(yan)類孔隙(xi)水(shui)(shui)區中(zhong)沖(chong)積(ji)平(ping)(ping)原(yuan)弱(ruo)、中(zhong)等富(fu)水(shui)(shui)區的淺埋弱(ruo)中(zhong)等富(fu)水(shui)(shui)區。0-100米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)深(shen)度內(nei),村南含水(shui)(shui)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)性(xing)以卵(luan)礫石為(wei)(wei)主(zhu),厚(hou)度60-70米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),村北以礫石、粗砂(sha)(sha)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu),含水(shui)(shui)層厚(hou)50-60米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。100-200米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)深(shen)度內(nei),含水(shui)(shui)層厚(hou)度40-50米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),巖(yan)(yan)(yan)性(xing)以粗砂(sha)(sha)礫石為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)。200-300米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)深(shen)度內(nei),含水(shui)(shui)層厚(hou)度35-40米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),巖(yan)(yan)(yan)性(xing)以粗砂(sha)(sha)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)。據(ju)24米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)至80米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)深(shen)井孔揭(jie)露,水(shui)(shui)位(wei)埋深(shen)一般6-12米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),最淺3米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),含水(shui)(shui)層主(zhu)要巖(yan)(yan)(yan)性(xing)有細砂(sha)(sha)、中(zhong)細砂(sha)(sha)、中(zhong)粗砂(sha)(sha)、粗砂(sha)(sha)。新(xin)中(zhong)國(guo)經多(duo)年地(di)下水(shui)(shui)開采(cai),水(shui)(shui)位(wei)平(ping)(ping)均降深(shen)5.5-15.5米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),三沙河多(duo)年平(ping)(ping)均徑流(liu)量949萬立(li)方米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),洪(hong)水(shui)(shui)50萬立(li)方米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),年均采(cai)砂(sha)(sha)量200萬噸。局(ju)部0-15米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)間有咸水(shui)(shui)。
3、氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)(hou)情況(kuang):產(chan)地區(qu)域氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)(hou)屬于(yu)半干旱溫(wen)(wen)帶大(da)陸(lu)性季(ji)風(feng)氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)(hou),夏季(ji)受東南(nan)(nan)氣(qi)流控(kong)制(zhi),多(duo)東南(nan)(nan)風(feng),且炎熱多(duo)雨(yu);冬季(ji)受西北氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)(hou)控(kong)制(zhi),多(duo)西北風(feng),且寒冷少雪,全年(nian)平均氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)6.5℃,最高為(wei)七月份(fen),21.5℃,最低為(wei)一月份(fen),-10.2℃,全年(nian)大(da)于(yu)等(deng)于(yu)10℃的活動積(ji)(ji)溫(wen)(wen)為(wei)2829℃,無霜期(qi)為(wei)125天左右,全年(nian)降雨(yu)量為(wei)401mm,其中6-9四個月為(wei)323.8mm,占全年(nian)降水量81%。氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)(hou)特點是(shi)雨(yu)熱同期(qi),晝夜溫(wen)(wen)差大(da)(10-15℃),非(fei)常有利于(yu)唐(tang)杏的生長與糖分(fen)的積(ji)(ji)累(lei)。
4、人文歷(li)史(shi)情況:東沙河村(cun)有栽(zai)種(zhong)(zhong)果樹的習慣。早在(zai)清末(mo)民初就(jiu)有種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)檳、沙果、杏(xing)、李子、葡(pu)萄等樹。唐杏(xing)從上世(shi)紀八十年代初開(kai)始(shi)零星(xing)引進種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi),以庭(ting)院種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)為主(zhu),到(dao)上世(shi)紀末(mo)開(kai)始(shi)大(da)面(mian)積種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi),截止(zhi)到(dao)2007年,已(yi)發展到(dao)1萬畝,成為晉(jin)北遠近聞名(ming)的唐杏(xing)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)區。
三.地域范圍
天鎮唐杏生(sheng)產(chan)特定區域位于天鎮縣西部(bu)平川(chuan)區,距縣治(zhi)西南6公(gong)里,以東(dong)沙河村為主的南河堡全鄉范(fan)圍,地(di)理(li)位置(zhi)在東(dong)經114°02′12″-114°02′53″,北緯40°22′22″-40°23′01″,海拔(ba)1021-1033米,生(sheng)產(chan)面(mian)積666.7公(gong)頃,年(nian)生(sheng)產(chan)總量300萬公(gong)斤(jin)。
四.產品品質(zhi)特性特征
1、外(wai)在(zai)特征:天鎮(zhen)唐杏單(dan)果(guo)重150-170g,果(guo)形圓潤,果(guo)面黃色,硬脆爽口(kou),口(kou)感細(xi)嫩,果(guo)實肉厚,豐(feng)味(wei)甘美(mei),酸甜適口(kou),營養豐(feng)富,并有較高的(de)藥(yao)用價(jia)值。
2、內在品質:杏肉中含糖、蛋(dan)白質、鈣、磷、胡蘿卜素(su)、維生素(su)B、維生素(su)C、核黃素(su)、尼(ni)克酸等(deng)。
3、安全(quan)要(yao)求:唐杏產品(pin)標(biao)準嚴格按照NY5112-2005無公(gong)害(hai)食(shi)品(pin)、落葉核果類果品(pin)執行(xing)。
五.特定生(sheng)產方(fang)式
1、產(chan)地選擇與(yu)特殊(shu)內(nei)容規定:唐(tang)杏(xing)選擇在(zai)光照充足(zu),土(tu)(tu)層深厚(hou),土(tu)(tu)壤比較肥(fei)沃,且能灌能排的地方(fang)種植(zhi),因此在(zai)周圍(wei)山丘區建(jian)園(yuan)(yuan)選擇背風(feng)向陽,避開風(feng)口和(he)(he)山坡的凹(ao)地和(he)(he)槽谷地,以(yi)免花期受到晚(wan)霜危(wei)害,平川(chuan)區建(jian)園(yuan)(yuan)選擇在(zai)排灌方(fang)便的壤質土(tu)(tu)耕地。同時產(chan)地空氣清(qing)新,灌溉水和(he)(he)土(tu)(tu)壤都沒有(you)污染。唐(tang)杏(xing)產(chan)地周圍(wei)10公里內(nei)沒有(you)工礦(kuang)企業污染,遠(yuan)離“三(san)廢(fei)”污染,遠(yuan)離醫院和(he)(he)生活區,歷(li)史(shi)上不曾堆填過“三(san)廢(fei)”。
2、品種選擇:天鎮唐杏品種選擇單果(guo)重150-170g,果(guo)形圓(yuan)潤,果(guo)面黃色,硬(ying)脆(cui)爽口,口感細(xi)嫩,果(guo)實肉厚(hou),豐(feng)(feng)味甘美,酸甜適口,營養豐(feng)(feng)富,適合(he)當地種植的品種。
3、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)過程管理(li):天(tian)(tian)鎮地(di)(di)(di)處(chu)高(gao)寒冷涼地(di)(di)(di)區,病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)極少。根(gen)據縣(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)測(ce)報站的(de)(de)(de)預測(ce)預報結合(he)本地(di)(di)(di)歷年(nian)病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)情況,應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)先進(jin)(jin)(jin)實用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)術,加上當地(di)(di)(di)老百姓積(ji)(ji)累(lei)的(de)(de)(de)土防(fang)(fang)土治(zhi)經驗,控制(zhi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和(he)(he)(he)蔓延,做(zuo)到(dao)以(yi)(yi)防(fang)(fang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)、防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)結合(he)、綜合(he)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)、對(dui)(dui)癥下藥(yao)(yao)、適期(qi)適量(liang)(liang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)藥(yao)(yao),大力(li)推廣農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi),生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi),物(wu)(wu)(wu)理(li)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi),設(she)施(shi)防(fang)(fang)護,生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)化防(fang)(fang)治(zhi),搞好(hao)(hao)清(qing)潔田園,做(zuo)到(dao)熟悉病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)種類,了解(jie)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)性(xing)質(zhi)(zhi),提高(gao)施(shi)藥(yao)(yao)技(ji)術水(shui)平(ping),宣傳科學(xue)施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),科學(xue)排灌。及時(shi)了解(jie)掌握天(tian)(tian)氣(qi)預報信(xin)息(xi),預防(fang)(fang)對(dui)(dui)花期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)凍害(hai)。施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)以(yi)(yi)基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)有(you)機肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu),推廣葉面追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)術。嚴(yan)格(ge)控制(zhi)種苗(miao)來源,種苗(miao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)單(dan)位必(bi)須(xu)(xu)具備種苗(miao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)許可(ke)證(zheng)。以(yi)(yi)本縣(xian)調(diao)苗(miao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu),本縣(xian)調(diao)苗(miao)以(yi)(yi)縣(xian)國營苗(miao)圃和(he)(he)(he)花木苗(miao)圃為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu),外(wai)地(di)(di)(di)調(diao)苗(miao)需附有(you)種苗(miao)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)合(he)格(ge)證(zheng)和(he)(he)(he)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)疫證(zheng)明。農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)嚴(yan)格(ge)按(an)照國家頒布的(de)(de)(de)《農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)合(he)理(li)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)準(zhun)則》和(he)(he)(he)《農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)安全(quan)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)標(biao)準(zhun)》執行(xing);在生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)(bu)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)劇毒(du)、高(gao)毒(du)、高(gao)殘留農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)和(he)(he)(he)國家明文(wen)規(gui)定不(bu)(bu)得在杏(xing)(xing)(xing)樹(shu)上使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao);設(she)有(you)專門的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)倉庫和(he)(he)(he)保管人員;保管人員核對(dui)(dui)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)、品(pin)種和(he)(he)(he)“三證(zheng)”后(hou)(hou),方(fang)可(ke)入庫;盡量(liang)(liang)減少化學(xue)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong),積(ji)(ji)極使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao),配合(he)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)部門控制(zhi)好(hao)(hao)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)樹(shu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)殘留超標(biao);根(gen)據病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)情況和(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)測(ce)報站的(de)(de)(de)病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)情報,指導用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)藥(yao)(yao),做(zuo)到(dao)適期(qi)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi),對(dui)(dui)癥下藥(yao)(yao),并(bing)注意農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)交替使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong),以(yi)(yi)利于(yu)(yu)提高(gao)藥(yao)(yao)效;嚴(yan)格(ge)掌握農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)安全(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)期(qi),上市唐杏(xing)(xing)(xing)必(bi)須(xu)(xu)在農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)安全(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)期(qi)之外(wai);不(bu)(bu)擅自提高(gao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)濃(nong)度,增加農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)及使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)次(ci)數(shu)(shu);及時(shi)做(zuo)好(hao)(hao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)田間(jian)(jian)(jian)檔案(an)(an)記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu),農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)檔案(an)(an)做(zuo)到(dao)完(wan)整、真(zhen)實,并(bing)按(an)樹(shu)種分別記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)名(ming)稱、登(deng)記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)證(zheng)號、劑型、防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)對(dui)(dui)象、時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)、施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)、次(ci)數(shu)(shu)、安全(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)期(qi)。嚴(yan)格(ge)執行(xing)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)合(he)理(li)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)準(zhun)則;根(gen)據唐杏(xing)(xing)(xing)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長需要實施(shi)平(ping)衡施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)經過無(wu)害(hai)化處(chu)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)機肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)及配合(he)施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)配比(bi)合(he)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)無(wu)機復合(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)原則:以(yi)(yi)有(you)機肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu),輔(fu)(fu)以(yi)(yi)其(qi)它肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao);以(yi)(yi)多元復合(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu),單(dan)元素(su)(su)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)輔(fu)(fu);以(yi)(yi)施(shi)基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu),追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)輔(fu)(fu);盡量(liang)(liang)限制(zhi)化肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong);最后(hou)(hou)一次(ci)追(zhui)施(shi)化肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)在收(shou)獲(huo)前30天(tian)(tian)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing);及時(shi)做(zuo)好(hao)(hao)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)田間(jian)(jian)(jian)檔案(an)(an)記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu),肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)檔案(an)(an)應完(wan)整、真(zhen)實,內(nei)(nei)容包括肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)名(ming)稱、登(deng)記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)證(zheng)號、類型、施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)、施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)方(fang)法、次(ci)數(shu)(shu)等。肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)按(an)種類不(bu)(bu)同分開堆放(fang)于(yu)(yu)干燥、陰涼的(de)(de)(de)倉庫等場(chang)所;避免(mian)因(yin)(yin)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)因(yin)(yin)素(su)(su)造成肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)力(li)損失和(he)(he)(he)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)污染;外(wai)來肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)必(bi)須(xu)(xu)要是“三證(zheng)”(產(chan)品(pin)登(deng)記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)證(zheng)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)許可(ke)證(zheng)、質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)標(biao)準(zhun)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗合(he)格(ge)證(zheng))俱全(quan)的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)品(pin);不(bu)(bu)施(shi)城市生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活垃(la)圾肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei);設(she)立專門的(de)(de)(de)記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)員負責杏(xing)(xing)(xing)樹(shu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)技(ji)術和(he)(he)(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)時(shi)操(cao)作(zuo)記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu);及時(shi)做(zuo)好(hao)(hao)各類農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)時(shi)操(cao)作(zuo)記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)、產(chan)量(liang)(liang)記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)和(he)(he)(he)產(chan)品(pin)銷(xiao)售(shou)記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu);記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)需妥善(shan)保存1年(nian),以(yi)(yi)利可(ke)追(zhui)溯性(xing)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查。禁止(zhi)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)對(dui)(dui)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)有(you)嚴(yan)重(zhong)影響的(de)(de)(de)化學(xue)制(zhi)劑;有(you)計劃地(di)(di)(di)制(zhi)定杏(xing)(xing)(xing)樹(shu)病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)措施(shi),科學(xue)施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)與(yu)節水(shui)灌溉措施(shi);及時(shi)回收(shou)園內(nei)(nei)廢(fei)棄農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)膜、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)空瓶等,防(fang)(fang)止(zhi)在生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)過程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)對(dui)(dui)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)造成污染,借退(tui)耕(geng)還林還草政策,搞好(hao)(hao)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)綠(lv)化,在基地(di)(di)(di)內(nei)(nei)營造天(tian)(tian)敵誘集(ji)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing),增加天(tian)(tian)敵種群和(he)(he)(he)數(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang);積(ji)(ji)極配合(he)上級有(you)關部門對(dui)(dui)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)。
4、產品(pin)收獲:食用杏(xing)(xing)采(cai)收使(shi)用采(cai)果籃墊上(shang)襯(chen)紙,同一(yi)棵(ke)樹由(you)下(xia)而(er)(er)上(shang)、由(you)外而(er)(er)內、輕拿輕放、分期(qi)采(cai)收。唐杏(xing)(xing)成(cheng)熟上(shang)市(shi)前,進行(xing)農(nong)(nong)藥、亞(ya)硝(xiao)酸鹽、重金(jin)屬殘留速測,合格后(hou)安排上(shang)市(shi);檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測人員經考核合格,持證上(shang)崗,熟悉掌握(wo)所使(shi)用的(de)儀(yi)器性能和操作(zuo)(zuo)方法,嚴格按照(zhao)有(you)關標準和各種(zhong)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗規章制度(du)開展工作(zuo)(zuo);檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗人員必(bi)須(xu)對每一(yi)個檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測數據負(fu)責,減少人為(wei)誤差;儀(yi)器設備要定(ding)期(qi)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查、維修、校正。積極(ji)接受農(nong)(nong)業、質檢(jian)(jian)(jian)等部門組織的(de)農(nong)(nong)產品(pin)質量安全檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查。
5、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)記(ji)錄(lu)(lu)要求(qiu):為保(bao)證唐杏(xing)的(de)質(zhi)量(liang),該合作社建(jian)立(li)了唐杏(xing)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)質(zhi)量(liang)安(an)全(quan)制度。具體為各基地(di)負責自己產(chan)地(di)的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan),投入品(pin)實(shi)(shi)行統一定點采(cai)購(gou)(gou),生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)活動(dong)(dong)有記(ji)錄(lu)(lu),產(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)安(an)全(quan)可追溯等;產(chan)品(pin)實(shi)(shi)行統一收購(gou)(gou)外(wai)銷,要求(qiu)做(zuo)到(dao)收購(gou)(gou)、分揀、包裝、預冷、運(yun)輸整個銷售活動(dong)(dong)清潔(jie)、衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、無(wu)污染(ran),并且有記(ji)錄(lu)(lu)在案,同時對消費者做(zuo)出質(zhi)量(liang)安(an)全(quan)的(de)承諾。