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一.產品介紹

大同(tong)(tong)小明綠(lv)(lv)豆主(zhu)產區(qu)在大同(tong)(tong)縣，種(zhong)植(zhi)歷史(shi)悠久、面積大，是(shi)該縣傳統的(de)名(ming)優特產和出口(kou)的(de)拳頭產品。該縣的(de)小明綠(lv)(lv)豆顆(ke)粒飽滿(man)，色澤深(shen)綠(lv)(lv)，發芽率和營養(yang)價值(zhi)高，經測定，蛋(dan)白(bai)質含(han)量25.6%，脂態(tai)含(han)量0.7%，此(ci)外還有VA、VD等多種(zhong)成(cheng)分，綠(lv)(lv)豆芽百克VC含(han)量為6毫(hao)克，是(shi)茄子(zi)的(de)2倍。小明綠(lv)(lv)豆具有較高的(de)藥用價值(zhi)，可消(xiao)腫下氣，清熱解毒、利小便、止渴(ke)消(xiao)暑。

二.自然(ran)生態環(huan)境和人文歷史(shi)因素

大(da)(da)同(tong)縣(xian)絕大(da)(da)部(bu)分(fen)時間受(shou)西(xi)(xi)北(bei)氣流(liu)控制，溫帶大(da)(da)陸(lu)性(xing)氣候物(wu)征明顯(xian)。年(nian)均氣溫6.4℃。年(nian)均積(ji)溫2846.5℃，無霜期為(wei)(wei)135天(tian)左右，年(nian)均日照(zhao)時數為(wei)(wei)2987.8小(xiao)時，日照(zhao)時間較(jiao)長(chang)(chang)。年(nian)均降水(shui)量(liang)(liang)為(wei)(wei)386mm，非常適宜綠豆(dou)作物(wu)生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)發(fa)育，在綠豆(dou)收獲期間雨水(shui)較(jiao)少(shao)，利于涼曬和脫粒(li)。大(da)(da)同(tong)縣(xian)所(suo)有(you)河(he)流(liu)屬海(hai)河(he)水(shui)系(xi)，桑干河(he)自西(xi)(xi)向東橫貫全境。地(di)下水(shui)源(yuan)豐富，有(you)21處泉眼(yan)，儲(chu)量(liang)(liang)約(yue)15億立(li)方米(mi)/年(nian)，可開采量(liang)(liang)0.67億立(li)方米(mi)/年(nian)。水(shui)質(zhi)多(duo)為(wei)(wei)巖(yan)石裂隙(xi)水(shui)，西(xi)(xi)部(bu)有(you)少(shao)量(liang)(liang)鹽(yan)堿(jian)水(shui)。巖(yan)石裂隙(xi)水(shui)是全縣(xian)主要飲用(yong)(yong)水(shui)，水(shui)質(zhi)清冽干醇。水(shui)頭(tou)泉水(shui)、所(suo)有(you)地(di)下水(shui)為(wei)(wei)純天(tian)然水(shui)，水(shui)質(zhi)優、無污(wu)染，除(chu)人畜吃水(shui)外，全縣(xian)仍(reng)有(you)800多(duo)眼(yan)機(ji)井，用(yong)(yong)于農田灌溉，所(suo)產(chan)黃花、蔬(shu)菜、綠豆(dou)均為(wei)(wei)綠色有(you)機(ji)產(chan)品或無公害農產(chan)品，深受(shou)市場(chang)青睞，綠豆(dou)生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)依靠天(tian)然水(shui)。地(di)勢(shi)為(wei)(wei)南北(bei)兩山(shan)夾一川(chuan)槽形，西(xi)(xi)部(bu)平坦，東部(bu)有(you)火山(shan)堆(dui)點綴(zhui)，山(shan)地(di)丘陵面(mian)積(ji)占(zhan)(zhan)37%，實有(you)耕地(di)達79萬(wan)畝，其中保護性(xing)耕地(di)62萬(wan)畝。土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤有(you)褐(he)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、黃綿(mian)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、栗鈣土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、草甸土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、風(feng)沙(sha)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、鹽(yan)堿(jian)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)等六種(zhong)類型，其中以褐(he)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)有(you)機(ji)質(zhi)含(han)量(liang)(liang)最多(duo)，但(dan)面(mian)積(ji)只占(zhan)(zhan)全縣(xian)總面(mian)積(ji)的4%；栗鈣土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、風(feng)沙(sha)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)交織成(cheng)沙(sha)壤土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)，有(you)機(ji)質(zhi)含(han)量(liang)(liang)低，但(dan)面(mian)積(ji)大(da)(da)，占(zhan)(zhan)總面(mian)積(ji)的66%，歷年(nian)廣(guang)種(zhong)薄(bo)收，是歷史上綠豆(dou)種(zhong)植(zhi)的主要區域。

三.地域范圍

大同縣周士莊(zhuang)鎮19個(ge)村(cun)(cun)，巨樂鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)15個(ge)村(cun)(cun)，許堡鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)20個(ge)村(cun)(cun)，峰峪鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)17個(ge)村(cun)(cun)，吉家莊(zhuang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)23個(ge)村(cun)(cun)，杜莊(zhuang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)4個(ge)村(cun)(cun)，西(xi)坪(ping)鎮6個(ge)村(cun)(cun)，瓜園(yuan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)11個(ge)村(cun)(cun)，共計(ji)115個(ge)村(cun)(cun)。地理(li)坐標為東經113°20′00″～113°35′00″，北緯39°43′00″～40°16′00″。

四.產品品質(zhi)特性特征

1、外在感(gan)官特征：大同(tong)小明綠(lv)豆顆粒飽滿、均勻，色(se)澤鮮綠(lv)、手感(gan)柔綿，有(you)黃土(tu)高原特有(you)的清新氣味。

2、內在品質：蛋白質量(liang)≥25.6%，脂肪(fang)含量(liang)≥0.8%，VA、VD、VB2含量(liang)豐富，綠豆芽百(bai)克VC含量(liang)約為(wei)6mg。

3、安(an)(an)全(quan)要求：大同小(xiao)明(ming)綠(lv)豆(dou)在生產(chan)過程中嚴格(ge)控制(zhi)產(chan)品，質量安(an)(an)全(quan)，產(chan)品至少達到國家無公(gong)害(hai)農產(chan)品標準，并積(ji)極(ji)組織企(qi)業進行無公(gong)害(hai)農產(chan)品和(he)綠(lv)色食品認證(zheng)。

五.特定(ding)生產方式(shi)

1、產地(di)選(xuan)(xuan)擇與特(te)殊內容規定(ding)：種植基(ji)地(di)選(xuan)(xuan)擇在干燥通(tong)風、光照時(shi)間較(jiao)長的坡梁地(di)塊，海撥高度1000米左右，雨(yu)水易(yi)排不(bu)(bu)易(yi)積，有利于根系發育，減(jian)少病蟲(chong)危害。 1、品(pin)種選(xuan)(xuan)擇與特(te)定(ding)要求：綠豆種子選(xuan)(xuan)擇第一茬結夾豆角(jiao)，以粒大飽滿為(wei)前提(ti)，小(xiao)而呈方形(xing)的種子不(bu)(bu)選(xuan)(xuan)用。 

2、生(sheng)(sheng)產過程管(guan)理：綠(lv)豆(dou)(dou)是典型(xing)的(de)旱作農(nong)(nong)(nong)業，對土(tu)(tu)壤肥(fei)力要(yao)求(qiu)不高(gao)。種(zhong)(zhong)植時(shi)不宜施(shi)用(yong)(yong)化(hua)(hua)肥(fei)，施(shi)肥(fei)應(ying)以有(you)(you)機肥(fei)為(wei)(wei)主，化(hua)(hua)肥(fei)為(wei)(wei)輔。如施(shi)用(yong)(yong)化(hua)(hua)肥(fei)，化(hua)(hua)肥(fei)必須與有(you)(you)機肥(fei)配(pei)合施(shi)用(yong)(yong)，一般以小滿前(qian)后(hou)播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)(wei)宜，播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)量一般每畝(mu)約(yue)1.5-2公(gong)(gong)斤，畝(mu)施(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)家(jia)肥(fei)1500公(gong)(gong)斤，肥(fei)力中等地塊畝(mu)留苗(miao)3500-4000株。播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)方法：一般采用(yong)(yong)犁開(kai)溝，手溜籽的(de)方式等行距播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)。深度一般在(zai)4-6㎝。播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)質(zhi)量：種(zhong)(zhong)、肥(fei)不混合，播(bo)(bo)后(hou)種(zhong)(zhong)肥(fei)不接觸。播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)均(jun)勻一致，覆土(tu)(tu)嚴密(mi)，播(bo)(bo)后(hou)適時(shi)填壓。為(wei)(wei)提高(gao)地溫，便于種(zhong)(zhong)子發芽，目前(qian)絕(jue)大部(bu)分(fen)地塊進行覆膜生(sheng)(sheng)產。田間管(guan)理：中耕：在(zai)出苗(miao)與開(kai)花前(qian)進行1-2次中耕，做到三鏟(chan)三趟，在(zai)整(zheng)個(ge)生(sheng)(sheng)育期鏟(chan)趟不脫節，于綠(lv)豆(dou)(dou)封壟前(qian)結束，后(hou)期撥一遍(bian)大草。病蟲草害防治：通過選用(yong)(yong)抗病品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)、輪作倒茬、培育壯苗(miao)、精耕細(xi)作等農(nong)(nong)(nong)業措(cuo)施(shi)；有(you)(you)限度地使(shi)用(yong)(yong)部(bu)分(fen)化(hua)(hua)學合成(cheng)農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)，每種(zhong)(zhong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)在(zai)作物生(sheng)(sheng)長的(de)一季當中只(zhi)允許使(shi)用(yong)(yong)一次，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)要(yao)求(qiu)、用(yong)(yong)量、方法等按GB4285、GB8321（1-6）執行。嚴禁(jin)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)國(guo)家(jia)已(yi)公(gong)(gong)布的(de)禁(jin)用(yong)(yong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)。綠(lv)豆(dou)(dou)蚜蟲：可選4.5%氯(lv)氰菊酯乳油(you)1500倍液噴霧防治。因此(ci)，這(zhe)樣生(sheng)(sheng)產出的(de)綠(lv)豆(dou)(dou)產品(pin)完(wan)全 符合《無公(gong)(gong)害綠(lv)豆(dou)(dou)生(sheng)(sheng)產技(ji)術規程》。 

3、產品收(shou)獲及產后處(chu)理規(gui)定(ding)：產品收(shou)獲全(quan)部采(cai)用人工采(cai)摘的(de)方(fang)法(fa)，防(fang)止(zhi)籽粒破(po)碎、霉爛；收(shou)獲后日曬自然涼干(gan)；應在上午露(lu)水未干(gan)或傍晚時(shi)收(shou)獲。做到單(dan)(dan)收(shou)割、單(dan)(dan)拉運、單(dan)(dan)堆放、單(dan)(dan)脫(tuo)粒、單(dan)(dan)貯藏。企(qi)業(ye)收(shou)購加(jia)工完全(quan)按照《中華(hua)人民共和國食品衛(wei)生(sheng)法(fa)》要求，大氣(qi)環境(jing)符合(he)《環境(jing)空(kong)氣(qi)質量(liang)標準》中Ⅰ級(ji)規(gui)定(ding)。生(sheng)產加(jia)工企(qi)業(ye)全(quan)部有生(sheng)產許(xu)可(ke)證和衛(wei)生(sheng)許(xu)可(ke)證，加(jia)工人員身體健(jian)康。產品符合(he)GB-1X123標準。 

4、生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)記(ji)錄：綠豆(dou)(dou)作物從(cong)選種、浸種、播種、病蟲害防(fang)治、技術措(cuo)施、農藥化肥的(de)使(shi)(shi)用等全部(bu)由技術人員記(ji)錄建檔，從(cong)鄉(xiang)村(cun)綠豆(dou)(dou)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)合作社(she)到縣(xian)綠豆(dou)(dou)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)協會，都(dou)有(you)明(ming)確(que)的(de)記(ji)錄。對于生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)加(jia)工(gong)過程中投入品的(de)名(ming)稱、使(shi)(shi)用時(shi)(shi)間、使(shi)(shi)用目的(de)、使(shi)(shi)用方法、使(shi)(shi)用量等都(dou)以表格的(de)形式記(ji)錄清(qing)楚。加(jia)工(gong)企業對加(jia)工(gong)工(gong)藝都(dou)有(you)嚴格規定，加(jia)工(gong)時(shi)(shi)間、等級(ji)、數(shu)量也有(you)明(ming)確(que)記(ji)錄。