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一.產品介紹

大(da)(da)同小明(ming)綠豆主產區在大(da)(da)同縣，種(zhong)植歷史悠久、面積大(da)(da)，是該(gai)縣傳統(tong)的(de)名優特產和(he)出口(kou)的(de)拳頭產品。該(gai)縣的(de)小明(ming)綠豆顆粒飽(bao)滿，色澤深綠，發芽率和(he)營養價(jia)值高(gao)，經測定(ding)，蛋白(bai)質含(han)量(liang)25.6%，脂態含(han)量(liang)0.7%，此外還有VA、VD等多種(zhong)成(cheng)分(fen)，綠豆芽百克VC含(han)量(liang)為6毫克，是茄(qie)子的(de)2倍。小明(ming)綠豆具有較高(gao)的(de)藥(yao)用價(jia)值，可(ke)消(xiao)腫(zhong)下氣，清熱(re)解毒、利小便、止渴消(xiao)暑。

二.自然生態環境和人文歷史(shi)因素

大同(tong)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)絕大部分時(shi)間受西北(bei)氣(qi)流控制，溫(wen)帶大陸性(xing)氣(qi)候物征明(ming)顯(xian)。年(nian)(nian)均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)6.4℃。年(nian)(nian)均(jun)積溫(wen)2846.5℃，無霜期為(wei)135天左右，年(nian)(nian)均(jun)日(ri)照時(shi)數為(wei)2987.8小時(shi)，日(ri)照時(shi)間較(jiao)長。年(nian)(nian)均(jun)降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)為(wei)386mm，非(fei)常適宜綠(lv)(lv)豆作(zuo)物生長發育，在綠(lv)(lv)豆收獲(huo)期間雨水(shui)(shui)(shui)較(jiao)少，利于涼曬(shai)和脫粒(li)。大同(tong)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)所有(you)(you)(you)河流屬海河水(shui)(shui)(shui)系，桑干河自西向(xiang)東橫貫全境。地(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)源豐富，有(you)(you)(you)21處泉(quan)眼(yan)，儲量(liang)(liang)約15億(yi)立方(fang)米/年(nian)(nian)，可開采(cai)量(liang)(liang)0.67億(yi)立方(fang)米/年(nian)(nian)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)多(duo)為(wei)巖石裂隙水(shui)(shui)(shui)，西部有(you)(you)(you)少量(liang)(liang)鹽堿水(shui)(shui)(shui)。巖石裂隙水(shui)(shui)(shui)是全縣(xian)(xian)(xian)主要飲用水(shui)(shui)(shui)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)清冽干醇。水(shui)(shui)(shui)頭泉(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)、所有(you)(you)(you)地(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)為(wei)純天然(ran)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)優、無污(wu)染，除(chu)人畜吃水(shui)(shui)(shui)外，全縣(xian)(xian)(xian)仍有(you)(you)(you)800多(duo)眼(yan)機(ji)井，用于農田灌溉(gai)，所產黃花、蔬菜、綠(lv)(lv)豆均(jun)為(wei)綠(lv)(lv)色有(you)(you)(you)機(ji)產品或(huo)無公害農產品，深受市(shi)場青睞，綠(lv)(lv)豆生長依(yi)靠天然(ran)水(shui)(shui)(shui)。地(di)勢為(wei)南北(bei)兩山(shan)夾一川槽形(xing)，西部平坦，東部有(you)(you)(you)火山(shan)堆點綴，山(shan)地(di)丘陵面(mian)積占(zhan)37%，實(shi)有(you)(you)(you)耕地(di)達(da)79萬畝(mu)，其(qi)中保護性(xing)耕地(di)62萬畝(mu)。土(tu)壤有(you)(you)(you)褐土(tu)、黃綿土(tu)、栗鈣土(tu)、草甸土(tu)、風沙(sha)(sha)土(tu)、鹽堿土(tu)等(deng)六種類型(xing)，其(qi)中以褐土(tu)有(you)(you)(you)機(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)最多(duo)，但面(mian)積只(zhi)占(zhan)全縣(xian)(xian)(xian)總面(mian)積的(de)4%；栗鈣土(tu)、風沙(sha)(sha)土(tu)交織成(cheng)沙(sha)(sha)壤土(tu)，有(you)(you)(you)機(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)低，但面(mian)積大，占(zhan)總面(mian)積的(de)66%，歷年(nian)(nian)廣種薄收，是歷史上綠(lv)(lv)豆種植的(de)主要區(qu)域。

三.地域范圍

大同(tong)縣(xian)周士莊鎮(zhen)19個(ge)(ge)(ge)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，巨樂鄉(xiang)(xiang)15個(ge)(ge)(ge)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，許(xu)堡鄉(xiang)(xiang)20個(ge)(ge)(ge)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，峰峪鄉(xiang)(xiang)17個(ge)(ge)(ge)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，吉家莊鄉(xiang)(xiang)23個(ge)(ge)(ge)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，杜(du)莊鄉(xiang)(xiang)4個(ge)(ge)(ge)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，西坪鎮(zhen)6個(ge)(ge)(ge)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，瓜園鄉(xiang)(xiang)11個(ge)(ge)(ge)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，共計115個(ge)(ge)(ge)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)。地理坐標為(wei)東經113°20′00″～113°35′00″，北緯39°43′00″～40°16′00″。

四(si).產(chan)品品質特性特征

1、外在感官特征：大同小明(ming)綠豆(dou)顆粒飽滿、均勻，色澤鮮綠、手(shou)感柔綿，有(you)黃(huang)土高原特有(you)的(de)清新氣(qi)味。

2、內在品(pin)質：蛋白質量≥25.6%，脂肪含(han)量≥0.8%，VA、VD、VB2含(han)量豐(feng)富，綠豆芽百克VC含(han)量約為(wei)6mg。

3、安(an)全要求(qiu)：大同小明綠豆在(zai)生產(chan)過程中嚴格控制(zhi)產(chan)品(pin)，質(zhi)量安(an)全，產(chan)品(pin)至少達到國家無公害農產(chan)品(pin)標準，并積極(ji)組(zu)織企業進行無公害農產(chan)品(pin)和綠色(se)食品(pin)認(ren)證。

五.特定生(sheng)產方(fang)式

1、產地(di)選(xuan)(xuan)擇與特殊內(nei)容規定：種植基地(di)選(xuan)(xuan)擇在(zai)干燥通風、光照時間較長的坡梁地(di)塊，海(hai)撥高度1000米左右，雨水(shui)易排不(bu)易積(ji)，有利于根系發(fa)育，減少病蟲(chong)危害。 1、品種選(xuan)(xuan)擇與特定要求：綠豆種子選(xuan)(xuan)擇第一茬結夾豆角(jiao)，以粒(li)大飽(bao)滿為前提，小(xiao)而呈方形(xing)的種子不(bu)選(xuan)(xuan)用。 

2、生(sheng)產(chan)過程(cheng)管理(li)：綠(lv)(lv)豆是典型(xing)的(de)旱作農業，對土壤肥(fei)(fei)(fei)力(li)要求不(bu)高。種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植時不(bu)宜(yi)施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)化肥(fei)(fei)(fei)，施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)應以有(you)機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)主(zhu)，化肥(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)輔。如施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)化肥(fei)(fei)(fei)，化肥(fei)(fei)(fei)必須(xu)與(yu)有(you)機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)配合(he)施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，一(yi)(yi)般(ban)以小滿前(qian)(qian)后播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)宜(yi)，播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)一(yi)(yi)般(ban)每(mei)畝約(yue)1.5-2公斤，畝施(shi)農家(jia)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)1500公斤，肥(fei)(fei)(fei)力(li)中等(deng)地(di)(di)塊畝留(liu)苗3500-4000株。播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)方法：一(yi)(yi)般(ban)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)犁開(kai)溝，手溜(liu)籽的(de)方式等(deng)行距播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。深度一(yi)(yi)般(ban)在(zai)4-6㎝。播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質量(liang)：種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、肥(fei)(fei)(fei)不(bu)混合(he)，播(bo)(bo)后種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)不(bu)接觸。播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)均勻一(yi)(yi)致，覆(fu)土嚴密(mi)，播(bo)(bo)后適時填壓。為(wei)提高地(di)(di)溫，便于種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子發芽，目前(qian)(qian)絕(jue)大(da)部分地(di)(di)塊進行覆(fu)膜生(sheng)產(chan)。田間管理(li)：中耕(geng)：在(zai)出苗與(yu)開(kai)花前(qian)(qian)進行1-2次中耕(geng)，做到三鏟三趟，在(zai)整個生(sheng)育(yu)期鏟趟不(bu)脫節，于綠(lv)(lv)豆封壟前(qian)(qian)結束(shu)，后期撥一(yi)(yi)遍大(da)草。病(bing)蟲(chong)草害(hai)(hai)防治(zhi)：通(tong)過選用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)抗病(bing)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、輪作倒(dao)茬(cha)、培育(yu)壯苗、精(jing)耕(geng)細作等(deng)農業措施(shi)；有(you)限度地(di)(di)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)部分化學合(he)成農藥，每(mei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)農藥在(zai)作物生(sheng)長的(de)一(yi)(yi)季(ji)當中只允許使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)一(yi)(yi)次，使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)要求、用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)、方法等(deng)按GB4285、GB8321（1-6）執行。嚴禁使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)國家(jia)已(yi)公布的(de)禁用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)農藥。綠(lv)(lv)豆蚜蟲(chong)：可(ke)選4.5%氯氰菊酯(zhi)乳油1500倍液(ye)噴霧防治(zhi)。因此，這(zhe)樣生(sheng)產(chan)出的(de)綠(lv)(lv)豆產(chan)品完全(quan) 符(fu)合(he)《無公害(hai)(hai)綠(lv)(lv)豆生(sheng)產(chan)技術(shu)規程(cheng)》。 

3、產(chan)品(pin)收(shou)(shou)(shou)獲(huo)及產(chan)后處理(li)規定(ding)：產(chan)品(pin)收(shou)(shou)(shou)獲(huo)全部(bu)采用人工采摘的方法，防(fang)止籽粒(li)破碎、霉(mei)爛(lan)；收(shou)(shou)(shou)獲(huo)后日(ri)曬自然涼干；應在上午露水未(wei)干或(huo)傍晚時收(shou)(shou)(shou)獲(huo)。做到單(dan)收(shou)(shou)(shou)割、單(dan)拉運(yun)、單(dan)堆(dui)放、單(dan)脫(tuo)粒(li)、單(dan)貯(zhu)藏。企業(ye)收(shou)(shou)(shou)購(gou)加(jia)工完全按照《中華(hua)人民共和國(guo)食(shi)品(pin)衛生(sheng)法》要求，大(da)氣環境符合《環境空氣質量標(biao)準》中Ⅰ級規定(ding)。生(sheng)產(chan)加(jia)工企業(ye)全部(bu)有(you)生(sheng)產(chan)許可(ke)(ke)證和衛生(sheng)許可(ke)(ke)證，加(jia)工人員身體(ti)健(jian)康。產(chan)品(pin)符合GB-1X123標(biao)準。 

4、生產記錄(lu)：綠(lv)豆作物從選種(zhong)、浸種(zhong)、播(bo)種(zhong)、病蟲害防治(zhi)、技(ji)術措施、農藥化肥的使(shi)用(yong)等全部由技(ji)術人員記錄(lu)建檔，從鄉村綠(lv)豆生產合作社到(dao)縣綠(lv)豆生產協會，都有(you)明確(que)的記錄(lu)。對于生產加工(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)程中(zhong)投入品的名稱、使(shi)用(yong)時間、使(shi)用(yong)目的、使(shi)用(yong)方法、使(shi)用(yong)量等都以表格的形式記錄(lu)清楚。加工(gong)(gong)(gong)企業對加工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝都有(you)嚴(yan)格規定，加工(gong)(gong)(gong)時間、等級、數量也有(you)明確(que)記錄(lu)。