芒果视频下载

一.產品介紹

絳縣(xian)大櫻桃(tao)(tao)分布在絳縣(xian)古(gu)絳鎮(zhen)(zhen)、橫水鎮(zhen)(zhen)、郝莊鄉(xiang)、冷口鄉(xiang)、衛莊鎮(zhen)(zhen)、么里鎮(zhen)(zhen)、安峪鎮(zhen)(zhen)、大交鎮(zhen)(zhen)、陳村鎮(zhen)(zhen)、南樊(fan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)10個鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)，地(di)域保護范圍東經111°21′49″～111°54′19″，北(bei)緯(wei)35°20′19″～35°39′28″，認證(zheng)面積3333.33公(gong)頃(qing)，年總產量為7萬噸。絳縣(xian)大櫻桃(tao)(tao)果(guo)型較大，果(guo)實直徑可達(da)2.5cm以上，外(wai)(wai)觀(guan)滾圓，紅似瑪瑙，口感絕佳，酸(suan)甜適度，風味(wei)獨特。具有(you)天然的藥用(yong)價(jia)值(zhi)，櫻桃(tao)(tao)的果(guo)肉，能去除毒(du)(du)素(su)(su)(su)和不潔(jie)的體液，因而對腎臟排毒(du)(du)具有(you)相(xiang)當的功效，同(tong)時還有(you)溫和通便作用(yong)。每百(bai)克櫻桃(tao)(tao)中含鐵量多(duo)達(da)59毫克，居于水果(guo)首位；維生素(su)(su)(su)A含量比葡萄(tao)、蘋果(guo)、橘子多(duo)4-5倍(bei)。此外(wai)(wai)，櫻桃(tao)(tao)中還含有(you)維生素(su)(su)(su)B、C及鈣、磷等礦(kuang)物元素(su)(su)(su)。

二(er).自然生態環境和(he)人文歷史因(yin)素(su)

土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤類型主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)褐(he)(he)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、潮褐(he)(he)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)褐(he)(he)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布面積較(jiao)(jiao)廣，占(zhan)(zhan)83.69%。土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤pH為(wei)(wei)(wei)7.85%-9.14%，平(ping)均(jun)值為(wei)(wei)(wei)8.42%，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤保(bao)水(shui)(shui)力強(qiang)，透氣(qi)性好，不(bu)僅(jin)能有(you)效防止土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)根癌病菌及(ji)線蟲容(rong)易傳(chuan)染根癌病的發(fa)生(sheng)，而且(qie)適(shi)宜櫻(ying)桃(tao)(tao)果實生(sheng)長對(dui)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鉀(jia)、鐵、錳、磷、銅等元素(su)的均(jun)衡吸收。土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤質地(di)(di)較(jiao)(jiao)好，主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布砂土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、壤土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、黏土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)3種類型，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)壤占(zhan)(zhan)91.3%。土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤結構良好，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤結構主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)以土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)碳酸鈣膠土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)，水(shui)(shui)穩性團粒結構在20%-40%之間。耕層土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤總孔隙度在41.8%-53.2%之間，有(you)機質含量(liang)(liang)豐(feng)富，全(quan)氮、水(shui)(shui)解氨特別是速(su)效鉀(jia)含量(liang)(liang)能夠提高櫻(ying)桃(tao)(tao)的產量(liang)(liang)與品(pin)質。水(shui)(shui)文(wen)情(qing)況(kuang)全(quan)縣(xian)位于(yu)黃(huang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)高原(yuan)，地(di)(di)下潛水(shui)(shui)深度由地(di)(di)形不(bu)同而變(bian)化(hua)，灌溉水(shui)(shui)符合(he)無公害食品(pin)相應(ying)標準的要(yao)求(qiu)，水(shui)(shui)質質量(liang)(liang)合(he)格(ge)。3.氣(qi)候(hou)情(qing)況(kuang)全(quan)縣(xian)屬溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)帶大(da)(da)陸性季(ji)風氣(qi)候(hou)，四季(ji)分(fen)(fen)(fen)明(ming)，冬(dong)季(ji)寒(han)冷(leng)干燥、夏季(ji)炎(yan)熱多雨。年均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)11.4℃，7月最(zui)熱，平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)達(da)(da)24. 2℃，極端(duan)最(zui)高氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)達(da)(da)37. 7℃。1月最(zui)冷(leng)，平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)-3.4℃，最(zui)低(di)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)-21. 20℃，全(quan)縣(xian)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布差異特征：山區(qu)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)低(di)于(yu)平(ping)川和丘陵區(qu)。縣(xian)域熱量(liang)(liang)資(zi)源(yuan)豐(feng)富，大(da)(da)于(yu)10℃的年積溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)3 765. 6℃（4月8日(ri)至10月27），大(da)(da)于(yu)5℃的積溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)4 268. 1 ℃（3月14日(ri)至11日(ri)）。歷年平(ping)均(jun)日(ri)照時數為(wei)(wei)(wei)2 253. 4h，無霜期182d。 全(quan)縣(xian)全(quan)年降(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)569.6mm，降(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)呈季(ji)節性分(fen)(fen)(fen)布明(ming)顯，主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)在7、8、9三個月，占(zhan)(zhan)年總降(jiang)(jiang)雨量(liang)(liang)54%。獨特的氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)、光照條件，使樹體健(jian)壯，果枝(zhi)壽命長，花芽充實，坐果率高，果實成熟早(zao)，著色好，糖度高，酸味少。

三.地域范圍

根據《農產(chan)品地(di)理標(biao)志(zhi)登記管理辦法》的(de)(de)規定以及(ji)絳縣大(da)(da)(da)櫻(ying)桃特(te)有的(de)(de)自然生態環境條件，在廣(guang)泛征求意見的(de)(de)基礎上，劃定絳縣大(da)(da)(da)櫻(ying)桃地(di)理標(biao)志(zhi)地(di)域(yu)保護范圍為山西省絳縣，位于東(dong)經111°21′49″-111°54′19″，北緯35°20′19″-35°39′28″。境域(yu)內(nei)東(dong)西長(chang)49.1公里，南(nan)北寬35.4公里，涉及(ji)古絳鎮(zhen)、橫水鎮(zhen)、郝莊鄉、冷口鄉、衛莊鎮(zhen)、么里鎮(zhen)、安峪(yu)鎮(zhen)、大(da)(da)(da)交鎮(zhen)、陳村鎮(zhen)、南(nan)樊(fan)鎮(zhen)10個鄉鎮(zhen)，平均海(hai)拔550-750米，、總生產(chan)面積3333.33公頃，年總產(chan)量為7萬噸。

四.產(chan)品品質特性(xing)特征

在(zai)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)生產(chan)過程中(zhong)，嚴(yan)格記錄生產(chan)的各環(huan)節，各項農(nong)事操(cao)作，農(nong)業投入(ru)品(pin)(pin)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)時期(qi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)量、次數，建立櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)生產(chan)可追溯制度。產(chan)品(pin)(pin)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)特(te)色及(ji)質(zhi)量安全規定外(wai)在(zai)感官特(te)征：果(guo)(guo)(guo)型較大，部分品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)果(guo)(guo)(guo)實直徑可達(da)2.5cm以上，外(wai)觀滾圓(yuan)，紅似(si)瑪瑙，口感絕(jue)佳，酸甜適(shi)度，風味獨特(te)。內在(zai)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)：每百克(ke)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)中(zhong)含鈣149-155mg。櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)不(bu)僅(jin)營(ying)養豐富，還具有天然的藥(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)價值，櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)的果(guo)(guo)(guo)肉，能去(qu)除毒(du)素和(he)(he)不(bu)潔的體(ti)液，因而對腎臟排毒(du)具有相當的功(gong)效，同時還有溫和(he)(he)的通(tong)便作用(yong)(yong)(yong)。3.安全要求：根據(ju)無公(gong)(gong)害食品(pin)(pin)落葉核果(guo)(guo)(guo)類(lei)果(guo)(guo)(guo)品(pin)(pin)NY5112-2005產(chan)業標(biao)準以及(ji)無公(gong)(gong)害食品(pin)(pin)NY5013-2006林果(guo)(guo)(guo)類(lei)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)產(chan)地環(huan)境條件，以及(ji)GB4285農(nong)藥(yao)安全使用(yong)(yong)(yong)準則，GB/T8321農(nong)藥(yao)合理使用(yong)(yong)(yong)準則等相關標(biao)準和(he)(he)要求。

五.特定生產方式

1.產(chan)地(di)(di)(di)選擇與(yu)特殊內容規(gui)定(ding)農產(chan)品生(sheng)產(chan)基地(di)(di)(di)必須遠離(li)城市和交通要道，周圍無工(gong)業或礦山的直接污染(ran)源(“三廢”的排(pai)該地(di)(di)(di)域的大氣、土壤、灌(guan)溉放(fang))和間接污染(ran)源(上(shang)風口和上(shang)游(you)水域的污染(ran))，基地(di)(di)(di)要距(ju)離(li)公路500米以外。土壤質地(di)(di)(di)適(shi)合櫻桃樹生(sheng)長，有灌(guan)溉條件。

2.品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)選擇與特定要(yao)求櫻桃(tao)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)選擇適合日(ri)光(guang)溫室栽培的(de)櫻桃(tao)以早(zao)熟(shu)(shu)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)為(wei)佳，這樣才可提早(zao)成熟(shu)(shu)，提高(gao)經濟效益。栽培上表現(xian)比較好的(de)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)有(you)紅燈和(he)意(yi)大利早(zao)紅等。品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)應(ying)選用大果型，近一兩(liang)年推廣的(de)優質(zhi)高(gao)產品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)：紅燈、先鋒、雷尼、拉(la)賓斯(si)、美早(zao)、濱庫、友誼等。砧木(mu)以大青(qing)葉(xie)、酸(suan)櫻桃(tao)為(wei)宜(yi)。

3.生(sheng)產過程管(guan)(guan)理：灌(guan)(guan)(guan)溉管(guan)(guan)理根據(ju)櫻(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)樹生(sheng)育規律(lv)，有(you)澆水(shui)(shui)條件的櫻(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)園一(yi)般年份(fen)應進行(xing)四次(ci)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)水(shui)(shui)，第一(yi)次(ci)在萌芽前(qian)進行(xing)，第二次(ci)在盛花期進行(xing)，第三(san)次(ci)在果實(shi)(shi)膨大期進行(xing)，第四次(ci)在土(tu)壤封凍前(qian)完成。如7-8月份(fen)遇到干旱天氣時，可(ke)適當增加澆水(shui)(shui)次(ci)數。灌(guan)(guan)(guan)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)以(yi)浸透根系(xi)分(fen)布(bu)(bu)層40-60厘米為準(zhun)(zhun)，達到田間最大持(chi)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)的60％-70％。灌(guan)(guan)(guan)水(shui)(shui)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)除采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)面(mian)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)溉外，盡量(liang)(liang)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)下管(guan)(guan)道(dao)等(deng)節水(shui)(shui)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)溉措(cuo)施。灌(guan)(guan)(guan)溉水(shui)(shui)的標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)一(yi)定要符合(he)(he)GB5084-92《農(nong)(nong)(nong)田灌(guan)(guan)(guan)溉水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)》。施肥(fei)(fei)管(guan)(guan)理以(yi)有(you)機肥(fei)(fei)為主，化肥(fei)(fei)為輔，保持(chi)或(huo)增加土(tu)壤肥(fei)(fei)力及土(tu)壤微生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)活(huo)性。所施用(yong)(yong)(yong)的肥(fei)(fei)料不應對果園環境和果實(shi)(shi)品質(zhi)(zhi)產生(sheng)不良影響。采(cai)(cai)取剪(jian)除病(bing)蟲(chong)枝、清除枯枝落葉、刮除樹干裂皮、翻樹盤、地(di)面(mian)秸稈覆(fu)蓋(gai)、科學施肥(fei)(fei)等(deng)措(cuo)施抑(yi)制病(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)發(fa)生(sheng)。根據(ju)害(hai)蟲(chong)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)學特(te)性，采(cai)(cai)取人工(gong)刷殺、樹干纏草繩和黑光燈等(deng)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)誘(you)殺害(hai)蟲(chong)。根據(ju)防治對象的生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)學特(te)性和危害(hai)特(te)點，允許使用(yong)(yong)(yong)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)源農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥、礦物(wu)(wu)(wu)源農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥和低毒有(you)機合(he)(he)成農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥，有(you)限度地(di)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)中毒農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥，禁(jin)止使用(yong)(yong)(yong)劇毒、高毒、高殘(can)留農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥。收獲(huo)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)人工(gong)無傷(shang)(shang)采(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)的方(fang)(fang)法(fa)。采(cai)(cai)前(qian)剪(jian)短指甲，輕(qing)摘(zhai)輕(qing)放(fang)，以(yi)保證鮮櫻(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)的質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)，如保鮮貯藏的櫻(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)果要采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)逆采(cai)(cai)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)帶上果柄。采(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)盛櫻(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)容(rong)器，選用(yong)(yong)(yong)潔凈衛生(sheng)布(bu)(bu)袋(dai)、布(bu)(bu)包或(huo)內鋪(pu)布(bu)(bu)料的柳籃、竹籃等(deng)，以(yi)防損傷(shang)(shang)櫻(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)果。