1.品質特點
孝義核(he)(he)(he)桃(tao),品質(zhi)優良,頗負(fu)盛(sheng)名(ming),含油率在(zai)70%左右。尤其是(shi)是(shi)孝義市西部山區特產的“龍(long)眼(yan)核(he)(he)(he)桃(tao)”,品質(zhi)更(geng)佳,有(you)“中華核(he)(he)(he)桃(tao)王”之美稱(cheng)。龍(long)眼(yan)核(he)(he)(he)桃(tao)個大,皮薄,夾少,桃(tao)仁飽滿,味道香,是(shi)膾炙人口的一種美食(shi)。
2.產地環境
孝義市(shi)屬于山西(xi)(xi)省(sheng)呂梁市(shi)。孝義市(shi)位于山西(xi)(xi)省(sheng)中(zhong)部(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)晉中(zhong)盆(pen)地(di)(di)(di)西(xi)(xi)南隅,呂梁山脈中(zhong)段東(dong)麓。地(di)(di)(di)理位置介于東(dong)經111°21’~111°56’,北(bei)(bei)緯36°56’ ~37°18’之間。海拔731~1777米。北(bei)(bei)與汾(fen)陽為(wei)鄰,西(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)與中(zhong)陽縣(xian)相依,西(xi)(xi)與交口縣(xian)接壤,南與靈石縣(xian)相連(lian),東(dong)南與介休市(shi)隔汾(fen)河相望(wang)。境域東(dong)西(xi)(xi)直線(xian)最長(chang)46公(gong)里,南北(bei)(bei)直線(xian)最寬為(wei)26.55公(gong)里,總面積(ji)(ji)(ji)945.8平(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里。汾(fen)河貫穿該縣(xian)。該縣(xian)中(zhong)部(bu)(bu)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)一(yi)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)被黃(huang)土覆蓋,形(xing)成典(dian)型的(de)(de)(de)黃(huang)土丘陵(ling)(ling)(ling)地(di)(di)(di)貌,溝(gou)底(di)基巖(yan)出露(lu),丘陵(ling)(ling)(ling)區(qu)地(di)(di)(di)形(xing)破碎,墚(liang)峁相連(lian),重巒疊(die)嶂,梯田(tian)(tian)遍布(bu)。黃(huang)土丘陵(ling)(ling)(ling)區(qu)面積(ji)(ji)(ji)442.26平(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里,占總面積(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)46.76%。中(zhong)部(bu)(bu)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)另一(yi)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)由于河溪(xi)洪水的(de)(de)(de)切(qie)割(ge),被切(qie)割(ge)為(wei)長(chang)墚(liang)狀臺塬(yuan)(yuan)地(di)(di)(di)貌。臺塬(yuan)(yuan)面開闊平(ping)坦,地(di)(di)(di)勢(shi)呈北(bei)(bei)東(dong)向(xiang)傾(qing)斜,溝(gou)谷深(shen)切(qie),谷底(di)有溪(xi)流,塬(yuan)(yuan)面和緩坡面多作為(wei)農田(tian)(tian),處少數(shu)太塬(yuan)(yuan)平(ping)地(di)(di)(di)可資灌(guan)溉以外,大(da)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)耕地(di)(di)(di)為(wei)旱田(tian)(tian),面積(ji)(ji)(ji)為(wei)182.73平(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里,占總面積(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)19.32%。全市(shi)宜林面積(ji)(ji)(ji)10159萬公(gong)頃,是核桃的(de)(de)(de)主產區(qu)。
孝義市屬暖(nuan)濕(shi)帶(dai)大陸性半干旱(han)半濕(shi)潤(run)氣候,四季(ji)分明。年(nian)均氣溫10.1°,年(nian)平均日(ri)照2640.7小時(shi),日(ri)照率為60%,平均太陽輻(fu)(fu)射總量(liang)為147千卡(ka)/平方厘(li)米,生(sheng)理輻(fu)(fu)射量(liang)71.51千卡(ka)/平方厘(li)米。孝義市年(nian)平均降雨量(liang)486毫米,降水主要(yao)集中在7、8、9三(san)個月,全年(nian)平均無霜期190天,很好地滿足了核桃(tao)生(sheng)長的需要(yao)。
3.生產情況
孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)義核(he)(he)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)歷史(shi)(shi)悠久,源(yuan)遠流長,種植(zhi)的(de)歷史(shi)(shi)至少有2500年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。據(ju)記載孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)義核(he)(he)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)從晚清時就進入國際市(shi)(shi)(shi)場。是中國產(chan)量(liang)最高(gao)的(de)核(he)(he)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)縣(xian)(xian)(市(shi)(shi)(shi))之一,被(bei)譽為(wei)“核(he)(he)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)之鄉(xiang)(xiang)”。孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)義是“汾州核(he)(he)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)”的(de)主產(chan)地。舊(jiu)社(she)會核(he)(he)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)發(fa)(fa)展緩慢,中華人(ren)民(min)共和國成(cheng)立以后,各級政(zheng)府開始重(zhong)視核(he)(he)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)的(de)發(fa)(fa)展,開始在(zai)(zai)全市(shi)(shi)(shi)發(fa)(fa)展核(he)(he)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)林。20世(shi)紀(ji)80年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代,山西(xi)省政(zheng)府將“汾州核(he)(he)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)”列為(wei)名、特(te)、優產(chan)品基(ji)地,且在(zai)(zai)1987年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)、1989年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)兩度(du)核(he)(he)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)產(chan)量(liang)在(zai)(zai)全國躍(yue)居(ju)榜首(shou)。在(zai)(zai)1990年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)義縣(xian)(xian)人(ren)民(min)政(zheng)府把(ba)核(he)(he)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)樹定為(wei)孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)義縣(xian)(xian)縣(xian)(xian)樹。2000年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)以來,隨著產(chan)業結構(gou)調整,核(he)(he)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)發(fa)(fa)展更(geng)為(wei)迅(xun)速,更(geng)為(wei)集中。到2011年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),該市(shi)(shi)(shi)已經(jing)建立起昌圓、華美、田(tian)園(yuan)陽光、綠(lv)玉等一批經(jing)營理念(nian)成(cheng)熟的(de)企(qi)業,部分企(qi)業正在(zai)(zai)申報綠(lv)色認證。孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)義市(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)短時間內,核(he)(he)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)種植(zhi)面(mian)積由1990年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)6萬畝發(fa)(fa)展到了16.3萬畝,產(chan)量(liang)提高(gao)了65%。該市(shi)(shi)(shi)驛馬、杜村、柱(zhu)濮(pu)、南陽等鄉(xiang)(xiang)鎮,逐漸將核(he)(he)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)種植(zhi)和生產(chan)加工發(fa)(fa)展成(cheng)了鄉(xiang)(xiang)鎮的(de)優勢主導產(chan)業,這些(xie)鄉(xiang)(xiang)鎮,戶均核(he)(he)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)樹約30株,人(ren)均可增收1100余元。孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)義市(shi)(shi)(shi)2011年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)以16.3萬畝的(de)核(he)(he)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)種植(zhi)面(mian)積,4390萬噸(dun)的(de)產(chan)量(liang),創造(zao)了5270萬元的(de)直接(jie)利潤。