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一.產品介紹

解放初(chu)期，烏(wu)蘭(lan)縣(xian)飼養(yang)的(de)綿羊(yang)(yang)品(pin)種為(wei)蒙系羊(yang)(yang)及(ji)少量蒙、藏(zang)系混血羊(yang)(yang)。該品(pin)種羊(yang)(yang)體質(zhi)健壯，適(shi)應性強，耐粗料，所產羊(yang)(yang)毛(mao)(mao)(mao)為(wei)較(jiao)好的(de)地毯毛(mao)(mao)(mao)原(yuan)料，但生產性能低，為(wei)支(zhi)援(yuan)國(guo)家(jia)毛(mao)(mao)(mao)紡工業，提高(gao)養(yang)殖效益，改善牧(mu)區人(ren)民生活。烏(wu)蘭(lan)縣(xian)從1956年(nian)開始進(jin)行綿羊(yang)(yang)改良工作，首先在茶(cha)卡地區推廣(guang)，主要(yao)引進(jin)的(de)父系品(pin)種有新疆細毛(mao)(mao)(mao)羊(yang)(yang)、茨蓋半(ban)細毛(mao)(mao)(mao)羊(yang)(yang)、英國(guo)和(he)新西(xi)蘭(lan)羅姆尼—瑪許半(ban)細毛(mao)(mao)(mao)羊(yang)(yang)。1987年(nian)6月15日，青海(hai)(hai)省農牧(mu)廳(ting)和(he)省科委(wei)共(gong)同組(zu)織省內外(wai)養(yang)羊(yang)(yang)專(zhuan)家(jia)到(dao)烏(wu)蘭(lan)縣(xian)茶(cha)卡鎮牧(mu)區進(jin)行了現場鑒定(ding)驗收。同年(nian)8月6日，青海(hai)(hai)省人(ren)民政府決定(ding)命(ming)名(ming)(ming)培育的(de)半(ban)細毛(mao)(mao)(mao)羊(yang)(yang)為(wei)“青海(hai)(hai)高(gao)原(yuan)毛(mao)(mao)(mao)肉兼(jian)(jian)用半(ban)細毛(mao)(mao)(mao)羊(yang)(yang)”新品(pin)種。2014年(nian)由烏(wu)蘭(lan)縣(xian)那仁生態畜牧(mu)業專(zhuan)業合作社將“青海(hai)(hai)高(gao)原(yuan)毛(mao)(mao)(mao)肉兼(jian)(jian)用半(ban)細毛(mao)(mao)(mao)羊(yang)(yang)”成功(gong)申報國(guo)家(jia)農產品(pin)地理標(biao)志，登記名(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)為(wei)“烏(wu)蘭(lan)茶(cha)卡羊(yang)(yang)”。

二.自然生態環境和人文歷史(shi)因素

1、土(tu)壤地(di)貌情況：烏蘭境內的土(tu)壤主要(yao)是：高(gao)(gao)山(shan)(shan)寒漠土(tu)、高(gao)(gao)山(shan)(shan)草(cao)原土(tu)、高(gao)(gao)山(shan)(shan)草(cao)甸土(tu)、高(gao)(gao)山(shan)(shan)灌叢草(cao)甸土(tu)、灰褐土(tu)、風(feng)沙土(tu)、灰棕漠土(tu)、棕鈣土(tu)、鹽土(tu)及(ji)沼澤(ze)土(tu)等九種土(tu)壤類型。烏蘭縣地(di)勢西(xi)北(bei)高(gao)(gao)東南(nan)低，形成波浪形狹長傾斜走向，四周環山(shan)(shan)，中間平(ping)坦(tan)，屬山(shan)(shan)間盆(pen)地(di)。平(ping)均海(hai)拔4000米(mi)以(yi)左右(you)。最高(gao)(gao)海(hai)拔為(wei)哇洪山(shan)(shan)，海(hai)拔5031米(mi)，最底(di)為(wei)素楞郭(guo)勒，海(hai)拔2725米(mi)，相對高(gao)(gao)差2306米(mi)，水(shui)平(ping)和垂直方向的變化(hua)十分顯著(zhu)，為(wei)典型的立體地(di)形。

2、水(shui)(shui)文(wen)情況(kuang)：烏(wu)蘭縣境內(nei)河流(liu)均為內(nei)陸水(shui)(shui)系，較大(da)河流(liu)有(you)5條，地(di)表(biao)徑(jing)流(liu)主(zhu)要來源于山區(qu)降水(shui)(shui)和(he)高山融雪、融凍水(shui)(shui)。境內(nei)地(di)表(biao)水(shui)(shui)多年平(ping)均徑(jing)流(liu)量2.09億立方米(mi)，其中(zhong)希賽(sai)盆(pen)(pen)地(di)0.99億立方米(mi)，茶卡盆(pen)(pen)地(di)1.1億立方米(mi)。河流(liu)礦化(hua)度為0.2-0.7克(ke)/升，PH值為7.5-8，地(di)表(biao)水(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)良，對人體有(you)害(hai)物(wu)質(zhi)均未超標。

3、氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候情況(kuang)：烏(wu)蘭(lan)(lan)縣地勢(shi)高峻，氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候干(gan)(gan)燥，冬季漫(man)長(chang)，干(gan)(gan)燥寒冷(leng)，春季氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)回升快，夏(xia)季短暫溫(wen)涼，秋季氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)逐漸變冷(leng)，全(quan)年降(jiang)水(shui)量(liang)少，無霜期(qi)短，日(ri)照充(chong)足，太陽輻射強(qiang)烈，晝(zhou)夜溫(wen)差雨熱同(tong)季。光(guang)照：烏(wu)蘭(lan)(lan)縣年平均(jun)(jun)日(ri)照2869-3113小時(shi)，年平均(jun)(jun)日(ri)照百分率為65%-70%，光(guang)照資源豐富，日(ri)照日(ri)期(qi)長(chang)，十(shi)分有利(li)各種飼牧及草農(nong)作(zuo)物的光(guang)和作(zuo)用。氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)：年平均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)1.6 OC -3.3OC，極(ji)端(duan)最(zui)高氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)達30.7OC，極(ji)端(duan)最(zui)低氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)-30.7OC，年降(jiang)雨量(liang)182.4mm。

4、人文歷史情況：烏(wu)(wu)(wu)蘭縣(xian)地(di)(di)處青(qing)海(hai)省(sheng)中(zhong)部，地(di)(di)跨西(xi)秦(qin)嶺華(hua)力(li)西(xi)—印支地(di)(di)槽(cao)褶(zhe)皺帶和(he)(he)東昆侖華(hua)力(li)西(xi)地(di)(di)槽(cao)褶(zhe)皺帶兩大構造(zao)單元(yuan)(yuan)，北(bei)與祁連(lian)加(jia)里東褶(zhe)皺系(xi)相連(lian)，南及柴達(da)木坳陷北(bei)緣，烏(wu)(wu)(wu)蘭縣(xian)歷史悠久，周(zhou)秦(qin)時為(wei)羌人駐牧地(di)(di)。西(xi)漢(han)元(yuan)(yuan)始(shi)四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，安(an)漢(han)公(gong)王莽(mang)在環湖地(di)(di)區(qu)置西(xi)海(hai)郡(jun)，今(jin)烏(wu)(wu)(wu)蘭縣(xian)屬西(xi)海(hai)郡(jun)轄。公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)4世紀(ji)初(chu)，成為(wei)吐谷(gu)渾(hun)(hun)屬地(di)(di)。隋大業(ye)五(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（609），隨軍(jun)擊敗吐谷(gu)渾(hun)(hun)，置四郡(jun)，今(jin)烏(wu)(wu)(wu)蘭縣(xian)屬海(hai)西(xi)郡(jun)宣德縣(xian)轄，隋末，吐谷(gu)渾(hun)(hun)復據(ju)地(di)(di)。唐貞觀(guan)九年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（635）唐將率兵(bing)擊敗吐谷(gu)渾(hun)(hun)，今(jin)烏(wu)(wu)(wu)蘭縣(xian)成為(wei)唐朝(chao)藩屬。龍朔三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（663），吐蕃王國(guo)滅吐谷(gu)渾(hun)(hun)據(ju)有(you)(you)其(qi)地(di)(di)，今(jin)烏(wu)(wu)(wu)蘭地(di)(di)區(qu)隸吐蕃臘城節度使。1956年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)開始(shi)烏(wu)(wu)(wu)蘭縣(xian)實行細(xi)毛(mao)(mao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)公(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)進(jin)(jin)行綿(mian)(mian)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)改(gai)良，當(dang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)引(yin)進(jin)(jin)高加(jia)索美利奴細(xi)毛(mao)(mao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)公(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)進(jin)(jin)行綿(mian)(mian)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)改(gai)良，向(xiang)細(xi)毛(mao)(mao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)方向(xiang)發展(zhan)(zhan)，方法是簡單的(de)級進(jin)(jin)雜交。1963年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)確(que)定向(xiang)毛(mao)(mao)肉(rou)兼用半細(xi)毛(mao)(mao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)方向(xiang)改(gai)良。1971年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，從青(qing)海(hai)省(sheng)湖東種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)場和(he)(he)安(an)徽大柳種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)場引(yin)進(jin)(jin)英(ying)國(guo)和(he)(he)新(xin)西(xi)蘭羅姆尼(ni)——瑪許長毛(mao)(mao)型(xing)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)進(jin)(jin)行配(pei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。1986年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)底(di)，全(quan)縣(xian)綿(mian)(mian)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)改(gai)良地(di)(di)區(qu)均實現(xian)綿(mian)(mian)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)改(gai)良雜種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)化。1987年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)7月(yue)，經省(sheng)綿(mian)(mian)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)育種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)委員會鑒定驗收，重(zhong)點綿(mian)(mian)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)改(gai)良育種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)區(qu)巴音鄉（現(xian)在與茶卡(ka)(ka)(ka)(ka)鎮合(he)并(bing)）的(de)綿(mian)(mian)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，達(da)到(dao)和(he)(he)超過育種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)指(zhi)標(biao)，通(tong)過驗收并(bing)被青(qing)海(hai)省(sheng)人民(min)政(zheng)府命名為(wei)“青(qing)海(hai)高原毛(mao)(mao)肉(rou)兼用半細(xi)毛(mao)(mao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)”，因該品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)最早在茶卡(ka)(ka)(ka)(ka)地(di)(di)區(qu)改(gai)良育種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，因此當(dang)地(di)(di)老百姓稱其(qi)為(wei)“茶卡(ka)(ka)(ka)(ka)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)”。1987年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，農業(ye)部將烏(wu)(wu)(wu)蘭縣(xian)定為(wei)半細(xi)毛(mao)(mao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)商(shang)品生產基地(di)(di)縣(xian)。育成的(de)羅茨新(xin)蒙型(xing)半細(xi)毛(mao)(mao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，適應當(dang)地(di)(di)高寒(han)、干旱、缺氧的(de)自然(ran)環境，耐粗(cu)放(fang)管理，能(neng)(neng)登山(shan)遠牧，抓膘快，保(bao)膘好，有(you)(you)較強的(de)抗病能(neng)(neng)力(li)，遺傳(chuan)性能(neng)(neng)穩定。改(gai)革開放(fang)以(yi)來(lai)，青(qing)海(hai)高原毛(mao)(mao)肉(rou)兼用半細(xi)毛(mao)(mao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)（茶卡(ka)(ka)(ka)(ka)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)）得(de)到(dao)快速發展(zhan)(zhan)。據(ju)統計，1959年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)縣(xian)綿(mian)(mian)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)存(cun)欄15.84萬(wan)只，到(dao)2009年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)縣(xian)綿(mian)(mian)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)存(cun)欄25.23萬(wan)只。茶卡(ka)(ka)(ka)(ka)地(di)(di)區(qu)現(xian)有(you)(you)茶卡(ka)(ka)(ka)(ka)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)10萬(wan)只，其(qi)中(zhong)能(neng)(neng)繁母畜6萬(wan)只，到(dao)2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)底(di)，全(quan)縣(xian)山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)飼養(yang)量達(da)到(dao)41.4萬(wan)只。2004年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)通(tong)過招商(shang)引(yin)資組(zu)建(jian)了“青(qing)海(hai)省(sheng)高原肉(rou)食(shi)品有(you)(you)限公(gong)司”，開展(zhan)(zhan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)肉(rou)系(xi)列產品加(jia)工(gong)。已開發有(you)(you)“涮羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)肉(rou)”、“羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)珍”、“火鍋羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)肉(rou)”、“羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)肉(rou)串(chuan)”、“羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)肉(rou)餡(xian)”等系(xi)列產品。產品于(yu)2005年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)注冊(ce)“茶卡(ka)(ka)(ka)(ka)洋”牌商(shang)標(biao)。經過幾年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)發展(zhan)(zhan)，已初(chu)步形成生產、加(jia)工(gong)、銷(xiao)售的(de)茶卡(ka)(ka)(ka)(ka)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)產業(ye)鏈條(tiao)，其(qi)發展(zhan)(zhan)前景十分廣闊(kuo)。

三.地域范圍

烏蘭茶(cha)卡羊養殖地域(yu)保護范(fan)圍為青(qing)海省烏蘭縣茶(cha)卡鎮境內。烏蘭地理坐標為：東(dong)經99°01′至(zhi)(zhi)99°27′，北緯36°19′至(zhi)(zhi)36°20′東(dong)西寬80公(gong)里(li)(li)，南北長30公(gong)里(li)(li)，幅員面(mian)積(ji)12858.16平(ping)(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里(li)(li)。產(chan)地適宜(yi)養植范(fan)圍東(dong)經98°54′至(zhi)(zhi)99°27′，北緯36°41′至(zhi)(zhi)36°50′，東(dong)西寬80公(gong)里(li)(li)，南北寬70公(gong)里(li)(li)，面(mian)積(ji)56平(ping)(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里(li)(li)。

四(si).產品品質(zhi)特性特征

1、外在感官特征：青海高原毛肉兼用半(ban)細(xi)毛羊(yang)(yang)及半(ban)細(xi)毛羊(yang)(yang)改(gai)(gai)良(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)羊(yang)(yang)的外貌特征因選配(pei)公(gong)羊(yang)(yang)而異。今(jin)茶卡(ka)地區改(gai)(gai)良(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)歷史較(jiao)長(chang)，導入羅血后，半(ban)細(xi)毛羊(yang)(yang)及半(ban)細(xi)毛改(gai)(gai)良(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)羊(yang)(yang)呈(cheng)傾向羅姆尼——瑪許(xu)親(qin)本體態，身軀發育勻(yun)稱，頭短(duan)寬(kuan)，額寬(kuan)廣，鼻平(ping)直，嘴短(duan)而粗，肩胛和前驅結合良(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)好，胸深而廣，筋骨開張良(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)好，背平(ping)直，十字部寬(kuan)平(ping)，臀股部豐(feng)滿(man)，肢偏(pian)短(duan)，蹄(ti)堅實，多呈(cheng)淡黑色。肉質鮮嫩、口味純正、肥而不膩、滑而爽口、口感地道純正，具滋補功效。是名副其實的純天然綠色食品。

2、內(nei)在品質(zhi)指標：羊肉品質(zhi)優，營養價值(zhi)(zhi)較高。水分≥65.0%，總(zong)(zong)蛋(dan)白(bai)22～28.0%（實際(ji)值(zhi)(zhi)為28%）；總(zong)(zong)脂肪4.0～5.5%（實際(ji)值(zhi)(zhi)為6.0%）；粗纖維(wei)≤0.15%（實際(ji)值(zhi)(zhi)為0.1%）；膽固醇(chun)≤700mg/kg；富含17種氨(an)基酸(suan)，氨(an)基酸(suan)總(zong)(zong)量19.01%。

3、安全要求：衛生指標執行(xing)NY5147-2002《無公害食品(pin)羊肉》標準規(gui)定。

五(wu).特(te)定生產方式

1、產地選(xuan)擇與特殊(shu)內容規定：烏蘭茶卡羊生(sheng)長在烏蘭縣茶卡境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)內的(de)(de)原(yuan)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)中(zhong)，生(sheng)長環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)具有(you)(you)獨(du)特的(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)候、純天(tian)然(ran)(ran)、無(wu)污染(ran)的(de)(de)優(you)良(liang)天(tian)然(ran)(ran)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)質(zhi)。境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)內無(wu)工業污染(ran)，土壤、空氣(qi)(qi)、水質(zhi)均優(you)，原(yuan)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)良(liang)好。草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)原(yuan)以山(shan)地草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)原(yuan)類(lei)(lei)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)場(chang)、高寒草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)原(yuan)類(lei)(lei)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)場(chang)、山(shan)地荒漠類(lei)(lei)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)場(chang)、高寒荒漠類(lei)(lei)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)場(chang)、山(shan)地草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)甸類(lei)(lei)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)場(chang)、高寒草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)甸類(lei)(lei)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)場(chang)、沼澤類(lei)(lei)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)場(chang)等草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)場(chang)類(lei)(lei)型(xing)，植被(bei)多樣且豐富，有(you)(you)禾本科、莎(sha)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)科、豆科、藜(li)科、菊科等眾多天(tian)然(ran)(ran)牧草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)品(pin)種(zhong)，主要(yao)優(you)中(zhong)等牧草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)有(you)(you)紫花針(zhen)茅(mao)、早熟禾、垂穗(sui)披堿草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)、扇穗(sui)冰(bing)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)、細葉苔、矮嵩(song)(song)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)、貝氏嵩(song)(song)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)、小(xiao)嵩(song)(song)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)、芨(ji)芨(ji)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)、賴草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)、固沙草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)、鹽瓜瓜、紅(hong)沙、豬(zhu)毛(mao)菜、堿逢(feng)、檉柳、梭梭等。為放養(yang)茶卡羊羊提供了豐富的(de)(de)飼草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)資源，農戶所(suo)用(yong)的(de)(de)補飼草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)料、精料都是當地生(sheng)產的(de)(de)秸稈(gan)、馬(ma)鈴薯和豆類(lei)(lei)籽實或粉碎料。全縣境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)內環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)、飲用(yong)水、大氣(qi)(qi)土壤均符合《環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)空氣(qi)(qi)質(zhi)量標準》（GB3095）、《無(wu)公(gong)害(hai)食品(pin)畜(chu)禽(qin)飲用(yong)水水質(zhi)》（NY5027-2001）、《綠色食品(pin)產地環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)技術條(tiao)件(jian)》（NT/T391-2000）的(de)(de)要(yao)求，非常適(shi)合茶卡羊生(sheng)產。

2、品種選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)與特定要求：茶卡(ka)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)是經過長(chang)期的(de)自然選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)和人工(gong)選(xuan)(xuan)育(yu)而(er)成(cheng)的(de)，生產中(zhong)選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)的(de)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)符合以下特征和要求：體(ti)質堅實，頭(tou)較長(chang)，著生刺毛，頸較細(xi)長(chang)，前驅發育(yu)較差(cha)，肩(jian)胛(jia)部(bu)稍高(gao)(gao)(gao)，背(bei)平或(huo)稍凹，斜尻(kao)，四肢高(gao)(gao)(gao)而(er)健(jian)壯，蹄質堅實光滑，膝(xi)部(bu)和大腿(tui)著生刺毛，公羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)有螺(luo)旋大角，母(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)角較細(xi)小，部(bu)分無角。成(cheng)年母(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)比(bi)(bi)周(zhou)(zhou)歲(sui)母(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)高(gao)(gao)(gao)4%，比(bi)(bi)斷(duan)奶母(mu)(mu)羔高(gao)(gao)(gao)18.3%；比(bi)(bi)周(zhou)(zhou)歲(sui)母(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)高(gao)(gao)(gao)8.1%，比(bi)(bi)斷(duan)奶母(mu)(mu)羔高(gao)(gao)(gao)9.5%；胸圍比(bi)(bi)周(zhou)(zhou)歲(sui)母(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)高(gao)(gao)(gao)7.3%，比(bi)(bi)斷(duan)奶母(mu)(mu)羔高(gao)(gao)(gao)19.5%。公羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)成(cheng)年羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)比(bi)(bi)周(zhou)(zhou)歲(sui)公羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)高(gao)(gao)(gao)10.5%，體(ti)長(chang)高(gao)(gao)(gao)10.4%。

3、生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)過程(cheng)管理飼(si)(si)(si)養方式(shi)(shi)(shi)：采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)半(ban)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)半(ban)舍飼(si)(si)(si)飼(si)(si)(si)養方式(shi)(shi)(shi)，夏秋(qiu)兩(liang)(liang)季(ji)(ji)(ji)以(yi)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)，食(shi)天(tian)然(ran)牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)，冬(dong)春兩(liang)(liang)季(ji)(ji)(ji)白天(tian)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，晚(wan)上進(jin)行(xing)適(shi)(shi)當(dang)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)飼(si)(si)(si)。四季(ji)(ji)(ji)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)要(yao)求(qiu)；選(xuan)擇(ze)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)地(di)(di)(di)應(ying)(ying)根(gen)據(ju)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)對象、生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)方式(shi)(shi)(shi)及(ji)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)水平(ping)綜合(he)(he)思考。春節(jie)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)；放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)出牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)宜遲，歸(gui)牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)宜早(zao)，中午(wu)可(ke)不回(hui)圈(quan)，使羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)只(zhi)多(duo)吃(chi)些草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)以(yi)便(bian)(bian)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)只(zhi)及(ji)早(zao)恢(hui)復體(ti)(ti)力(li)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)以(yi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)抓膘(biao)創造(zao)條件。為(wei)(wei)(wei)防羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)只(zhi)因“搶青(qing)(qing)”而(er)引起的(de)(de)(de)腹瀉，由東草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)進(jin)入(ru)春草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)應(ying)(ying)逐漸過渡(du)，等(deng)(deng)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)只(zhi)消化器(qi)官適(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，再充分放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)青(qing)(qing)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)。夏季(ji)(ji)(ji)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)；應(ying)(ying)到(dao)(dao)(dao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)山(shan)牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，盡量延(yan)長放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間，宜早(zao)出晚(wan)歸(gui)，使羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)群(qun)盡可(ke)能吃(chi)飽，中午(wu)可(ke)不回(hui)圈(quan)，但在(zai)(zai)(zai)最(zui)(zui)熱(re)的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)候，可(ke)選(xuan)擇(ze)高(gao)(gao)(gao)燥涼爽的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)方或(huo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)樹(shu)蔭下，讓羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)群(qun)臥(wo)憩。秋(qiu)季(ji)(ji)(ji)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)；羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)群(qun)宜晚(wan)出晚(wan)歸(gui)，中午(wu)繼續放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，選(xuan)擇(ze)牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)豐盛的(de)(de)(de)山(shan)腰和(he)山(shan)腳地(di)(di)(di)帶放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，盡量利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)較(jiao)遠(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)目(mu)地(di)(di)(di)，抓好秋(qiu)膘(biao)，利(li)于(yu)越(yue)冬(dong)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)農(nong)(nong)區(qu)(qu)或(huo)半(ban)農(nong)(nong)半(ban)牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)區(qu)(qu)，羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)群(qun)還(huan)可(ke)到(dao)(dao)(dao)收(shou)過莊稼的(de)(de)(de)茬地(di)(di)(di)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，對羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)群(qun)營(ying)(ying)養有(you)較(jiao)大(da)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)益。冬(dong)季(ji)(ji)(ji)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)；應(ying)(ying)選(xuan)擇(ze)地(di)(di)(di)勢較(jiao)低(di)和(he)山(shan)巒環抱的(de)(de)(de)向陽平(ping)攤地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)去放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。冬(dong)季(ji)(ji)(ji)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)不宜過遠(yuan)(yuan)，以(yi)便(bian)(bian)遇到(dao)(dao)(dao)天(tian)氣驟變時(shi)(shi)(shi)能很快返場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)，保證(zheng)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)群(qun)的(de)(de)(de)安全。冬(dong)季(ji)(ji)(ji)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)任務是(shi)(shi)保膘(biao)、保胎(tai)和(he)安全生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)。牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)區(qu)(qu)冬(dong)季(ji)(ji)(ji)很長，草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)不足，應(ying)(ying)節(jie)約用(yong)(yong)(yong)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)地(di)(di)(di)。應(ying)(ying)先遠(yuan)(yuan)后(hou)(hou)(hou)近，先陰后(hou)(hou)(hou)陽，先高(gao)(gao)(gao)后(hou)(hou)(hou)低(di)，先溝后(hou)(hou)(hou)平(ping)，玩出晚(wan)歸(gui)，慢走(zou)漫游。由放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)轉為(wei)(wei)(wei)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)飼(si)(si)(si)，不可(ke)驟變改變，以(yi)免引起便(bian)(bian)秘(mi)。羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)群(qun)進(jin)入(ru)冬(dong)季(ji)(ji)(ji)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)前，最(zui)(zui)好進(jin)行(xing)整群(qun)，除(chu)老弱羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)和(he)營(ying)(ying)養太差的(de)(de)(de)適(shi)(shi)當(dang)淘汰(tai)外(wai)，其余按營(ying)(ying)養狀況組群(qun)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)選(xuan)擇(ze)：飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)搭配按照以(yi)青(qing)(qing)粗飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)，適(shi)(shi)當(dang)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)充精(jing)(jing)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)輔的(de)(de)(de)原則進(jin)行(xing)。飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)清潔衛生(sheng)，無毒無害。精(jing)(jing)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)根(gen)據(ju)各養殖戶生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)糧食(shi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類情況而(er)定(ding)，主(zhu)要(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)玉米(mi)(mi)、小麥等(deng)(deng)經粉碎后(hou)(hou)(hou)做(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)精(jing)(jing)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)或(huo)直接用(yong)(yong)(yong)玉米(mi)(mi)、小麥喂(wei)(wei)(wei)養。豆(dou)科牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)始花期(qi)(qi)到(dao)(dao)(dao)盛花期(qi)(qi)收(shou)割(ge)，禾本科牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)抽穗(sui)期(qi)(qi)到(dao)(dao)(dao)花開期(qi)(qi)收(shou)割(ge)，干草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)的(de)(de)(de)曬(shai)制方法(fa)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)田(tian)間自然(ran)曬(shai)干法(fa)或(huo)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)于(yu)木(mu)制架上曬(shai)干法(fa)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)青(qing)(qing)干草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)的(de)(de)(de)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)率(lv)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)飼(si)(si)(si)喂(wei)(wei)(wei)前將草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)切成(cheng)3厘米(mi)(mi)左右或(huo)打成(cheng)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)粉飼(si)(si)(si)喂(wei)(wei)(wei)。 管理方式(shi)(shi)(shi)：種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)公(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)全年保證(zheng)供給較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)營(ying)(ying)養物質，并給予(yu)適(shi)(shi)當(dang)的(de)(de)(de)運動，在(zai)(zai)(zai)配種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)旺(wang)季(ji)(ji)(ji)，混合(he)(he)精(jing)(jing)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)1.2～1.4kg，苜蓿干草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)或(huo)野生(sheng)干草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)2 kg胡蘿(luo)卜0.5～1.5kg，食(shi)鹽15～20kg。分2～3次給草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，飲(yin)水3～4次，每日(ri)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)運動時(shi)(shi)(shi)間約為(wei)(wei)(wei)6h。后(hou)(hou)(hou)備(bei)(bei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)公(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)與(yu)母(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)分開飼(si)(si)(si)養，便(bian)(bian)于(yu)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)飼(si)(si)(si)及(ji)管理。羔(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)出生(sheng)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，14d即可(ke)訓練(lian)早(zao)吃(chi)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，30d以(yi)內羔(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)每天(tian)每只(zhi)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)飼(si)(si)(si)精(jing)(jing)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)50～100g，1～2月齡(ling)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)飼(si)(si)(si)精(jing)(jing)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)150g，日(ri)喂(wei)(wei)(wei)2次。3～4月齡(ling)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)飼(si)(si)(si)精(jing)(jing)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)200g，日(ri)喂(wei)(wei)(wei)2～3次。飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類應(ying)(ying)多(duo)樣(yang)化，最(zui)(zui)好有(you)豆(dou)餅、玉米(mi)(mi)、麩(fu)皮等(deng)(deng)3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)以(yi)上混合(he)(he)，并可(ke)混入(ru)2%食(shi)鹽和(he)2.5%—3%的(de)(de)(de)礦物質，另外(wai)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)喂(wei)(wei)(wei)優質干草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)和(he)多(duo)汁飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。育(yu)(yu)(yu)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)管理方式(shi)(shi)(shi)：茶卡羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)育(yu)(yu)(yu)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)方式(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)兩(liang)(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)：一(yi)是(shi)(shi)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)育(yu)(yu)(yu)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)，是(shi)(shi)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)天(tian)然(ran)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)、人工(gong)(gong)(gong)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)或(huo)秋(qiu)茬地(di)(di)(di)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，大(da)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)包括淘汰(tai)的(de)(de)(de)公(gong)、母(mu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)、兩(liang)(liang)年未懷(huai)孕不能繁殖的(de)(de)(de)空(kong)懷(huai)母(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)禾本科牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)較(jiao)多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)。羔(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)主(zhu)要(yao)指斷奶后(hou)(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)非后(hou)(hou)(hou)備(bei)(bei)公(gong)羔(gao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，適(shi)(shi)宜在(zai)(zai)(zai)以(yi)豆(dou)科牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。第一(yi)期(qi)(qi)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)育(yu)(yu)(yu)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)安排在(zai)(zai)(zai)6月下旬(xun)到(dao)(dao)(dao)8月下旬(xun)，則第一(yi)個(ge)月全放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。第二個(ge)月補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)加精(jing)(jing)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)每只(zhi)每日(ri)200kg，此(ci)后(hou)(hou)(hou)精(jing)(jing)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)加到(dao)(dao)(dao)400kg；第二期(qi)(qi)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)育(yu)(yu)(yu)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)安排在(zai)(zai)(zai)9月上旬(xun)到(dao)(dao)(dao)10月底，則第一(yi)個(ge)月放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)同時(shi)(shi)(shi)補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)加精(jing)(jing)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)200～300k。第二個(ge)月補(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)加精(jing)(jing)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)500g；二是(shi)(shi)舍飼(si)(si)(si)育(yu)(yu)(yu)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)，是(shi)(shi)育(yu)(yu)(yu)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)都在(zai)(zai)(zai)冬(dong)春牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)枯萎時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)，或(huo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)屠宰(zai)短期(qi)(qi)內進(jin)行(xing)，所用(yong)(yong)(yong)飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)除(chu)優良(liang)豆(dou)科、禾本科干草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)外(wai)，還(huan)有(you)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業加工(gong)(gong)(gong)副產(chan)(chan)(chan)品如(ru)酒糟、油餅以(yi)及(ji)含淀粉高(gao)(gao)(gao)農(nong)(nong)副產(chan)(chan)(chan)品。疫(yi)(yi)病(bing)防治：嚴(yan)格(ge)按照國家(jia)有(you)關規定(ding)進(jin)行(xing)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)只(zhi)口(kou)蹄疫(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)防疫(yi)(yi)注射，根(gen)據(ju)地(di)(di)(di)方疫(yi)(yi)病(bing)發生(sheng)情況進(jin)行(xing)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)傳染性胸膜(mo)肺炎(yan)和(he)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)四聯苗的(de)(de)(de)免疫(yi)(yi)，所用(yong)(yong)(yong)疫(yi)(yi)苗全部來自省、市級動物防疫(yi)(yi)監督(du)機構(gou)。嚴(yan)格(ge)按照《獸醫管理條例》的(de)(de)(de)標(biao)準(zhun)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)獸藥(yao)和(he)疫(yi)(yi)苗。在(zai)(zai)(zai)縣動物防疫(yi)(yi)監督(du)站的(de)(de)(de)指導和(he)監督(du)下，由各鎮(zhen)畜牧(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)獸醫員負責疫(yi)(yi)病(bing)防治等(deng)(deng)各項(xiang)具體(ti)(ti)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作。

4、茶卡(ka)羊(yang)(yang)屠(tu)宰(zai)、加工(gong)(gong)技術 茶卡(ka)羊(yang)(yang)的(de)屠(tu)宰(zai)為人工(gong)(gong)操(cao)作(zuo)，用尖(jian)刀在羊(yang)(yang)只枕寰關節處(chu)穿(chuan)刺，切斷脊椎(zhui)神(shen)經，再割斷頸動(dong)脈放血，然后(hou)(hou)剝皮，去頭、蹄，取出內(nei)臟，羊(yang)(yang)腸去除內(nei)容物(wu)并(bing)洗(xi)凈后(hou)(hou)和羊(yang)(yang)肉進行深(shen)加工(gong)(gong)或將羊(yang)(yang)肉剁(duo)成適度大小的(de)坨坨，煮熟后(hou)(hou)即可食(shi)用，可不(bu)加任(ren)何調味品(pin)，撒(sa)少許鹽，也可撒(sa)上適量鹽、辣椒，花椒等，依個人口味而定(ding)。羊(yang)(yang)產品(pin)深(shen)加工(gong)(gong)目前(qian)主(zhu)要(yao)有 “青海(hai)省藏源肉食(shi)品(pin)公司(si)”、“青海(hai)省高原肉食(shi)品(pin)公司(si)”兩家(jia)企業(ye)，主(zhu)要(yao)生產“涮羊(yang)(yang)肉”、“羊(yang)(yang)珍”、“火鍋(guo)羊(yang)(yang)肉”、“羊(yang)(yang)肉串”、“羊(yang)(yang)肉餡”等“茶卡(ka)洋”牌系(xi)列產品(pin)，并(bing)上市銷(xiao)售，市場前(qian)景看好。并(bing)制定(ding)有產品(pin)加工(gong)(gong)技術標準5、生產記(ji)錄要(yao)求：烏蘭(lan)縣農(nong)牧局專(zhuan)業(ye)技術人員和烏蘭(lan)縣那仁郭勒養殖專(zhuan)業(ye)合作(zuo)社負責茶卡(ka)羊(yang)(yang)生產各環(huan)節的(de)技術培訓與指導、信(xin)息(xi)服(fu)(fu)務、質量監督檢(jian)查等方面的(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。具體的(de)現場指導、服(fu)(fu)務、監督及疫病防治工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)由茶卡(ka)鎮(zhen)畜(chu)牧獸(shou)醫站組織實施，重點(dian)監督飼料、獸(shou)藥的(de)使用，按規定(ding)和需要(yao)開展口蹄疫、羊(yang)(yang)痘(dou)、傳染性(xing)胸膜肺炎的(de)防疫，建立健全免疫（包括：疫苗(miao)的(de)名(ming)稱、生產廠家(jia)、批(pi)號、劑量、免疫時間等）、用藥、無害化處(chu)理等養殖檔案記(ji)錄，以備查閱。

六.包(bao)裝標識(shi)相(xiang)關規定

1、技術要(yao)求(qiu)、檢驗(yan)方法、貯藏和運輸：按照NY5147-2002《無公(gong)害食(shi)品羊肉》相關要(yao)求(qiu)執行。

2、標(biao)(biao)識和包裝：標(biao)(biao)識按(an)照《農(nong)產品地(di)(di)理標(biao)(biao)志管(guan)理辦法》第十四(si)條規(gui)定執行；包裝上規(gui)范使(shi)用農(nong)產品地(di)(di)理標(biao)(biao)志（烏蘭縣茶卡羊(yang)名稱和公共標(biao)(biao)識圖案組合標(biao)(biao)注型式）。