穆(mu)棱(leng)(leng)市(shi)自然條件(jian)優越,位(wei)于黑龍(long)江省東(dong)(dong)南部,地(di)理(li)(li)坐標為(wei)東(dong)(dong)經129°45′19″-130°58′07″、北緯43°49′55″- 45°07′16″之間。東(dong)(dong)與(yu)東(dong)(dong)寧縣(xian)(xian)為(wei)鄰(lin),南與(yu)吉(ji)林省汪清(qing)(qing)縣(xian)(xian)接(jie)壤,西(xi)南與(yu)寧安市(shi)、牡丹江市(shi)接(jie)壤,西(xi)和(he)林口縣(xian)(xian)毗鄰(lin),北與(yu)雞(ji)西(xi)市(shi)連接(jie),東(dong)(dong)與(yu)俄羅斯有(you)48公(gong)里(li)國境線。屬(shu)丘陵山(shan)區(qu),有(you)九山(shan)半(ban)水半(ban)分田之稱(cheng),全市(shi)森林覆蓋率62%,主要河(he)流為(wei)穆(mu)棱(leng)(leng)河(he),且位(wei)于源(yuan)頭,耕地(di)肥沃,山(shan)清(qing)(qing)水秀,無任(ren)何污染(ran),大(da)豆常年種植10萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)頃。穆(mu)棱(leng)(leng)大(da)豆地(di)理(li)(li)標志保(bao)護范圍(wei)為(wei)穆(mu)棱(leng)(leng)市(shi)范圍(wei)內8個鄉(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen),即(ji)八面通鎮(zhen)、河(he)西(xi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、福祿鄉(xiang)(xiang)、馬(ma)橋河(he)鎮(zhen)、下城鎮(zhen)、興源(yuan)鎮(zhen)、穆(mu)棱(leng)(leng)鎮(zhen)、共(gong)和(he)鄉(xiang)(xiang)。共(gong)轄127個行政(zheng)村,地(di)域保(bao)護面積618700公(gong)頃,其(qi)中(zhong)大(da)豆10萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)頃,產量27萬(wan)(wan)噸(dun)。
產(chan)品品質特性特征
1、產(chan)品特(te)性(xing)。 穆(mu)棱市區(qu)域性(xing)氣(qi)候(hou),有(you)(you)兩大(da)(da)(da)(da)優(you)勢:一是(shi)(shi)良(liang)好(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雨熱(re)光(guang)照條(tiao)件。由于(yu)(yu)位(wei)于(yu)(yu)黑龍江省(sheng)東南部(bu),積(ji)(ji)(ji)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)較高(gao)有(you)(you)效積(ji)(ji)(ji)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均2495℃,最(zui)(zui)(zui)高(gao)2900℃。年降(jiang)雨量在500-550mm,降(jiang)水(shui)主(zhu)要集中(zhong)在6-8月(yue)份,無(wu)(wu)霜平(ping)(ping)(ping)均數(shu)120-140天(tian)(tian)。全年日(ri)照時(shi)數(shu)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)2632小(xiao)時(shi),最(zui)(zui)(zui)高(gao)2800小(xiao)時(shi),作物生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)季節每(mei)天(tian)(tian)日(ri)照8-10小(xiao)時(shi),夏(xia)至最(zui)(zui)(zui)長(chang)達15小(xiao)時(shi)。春季干(gan)旱、風大(da)(da)(da)(da)、升(sheng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)快、墑情好(hao)(hao)(hao),有(you)(you)利(li)(li)(li)于(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)播種;夏(xia)季短(duan)促,雨熱(re)同(tong)季,降(jiang)水(shui)適(shi)量,光(guang)照和(he)(he)(he)積(ji)(ji)(ji)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)充(chong)足;秋(qiu)季晝夜(ye)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)差(cha)大(da)(da)(da)(da),白(bai)天(tian)(tian)30℃、夜(ye)間20℃,光(guang)照充(chong)足,有(you)(you)利(li)(li)(li)于(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)干(gan)物質(zhi)積(ji)(ji)(ji)累;冬(dong)(dong)雪大(da)(da)(da)(da),冬(dong)(dong)季漫長(chang)寒冷(leng),冬(dong)(dong)夏(xia)季溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)差(cha)高(gao)達81℃,冬(dong)(dong)季最(zui)(zui)(zui)低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)-44℃,夏(xia)季最(zui)(zui)(zui)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)37℃,且零下溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)時(shi)間大(da)(da)(da)(da)約150天(tian)(tian),不利(li)(li)(li)于(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)病蟲害越冬(dong)(dong)。獨(du)(du)特(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)候(hou)適(shi)宜發展具(ju)有(you)(you)特(te)色(se)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穆(mu)棱大(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan),有(you)(you)利(li)(li)(li)于(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)和(he)(he)(he)營養成份的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成,為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)穆(mu)棱大(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)質(zhi)高(gao)產(chan)奠定了基(ji)礎;大(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)是(shi)(shi)穆(mu)棱的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)產(chan),穆(mu)棱具(ju)有(you)(you)“中(zhong)國(guo)大(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)之鄉(xiang)”、“全國(guo)綠色(se)食品大(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)基(ji)地(di)”之美譽。穆(mu)棱大(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)全部(bu)是(shi)(shi)非轉基(ji)因大(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)。良(liang)好(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雨熱(re)光(guang)照條(tiao)件是(shi)(shi)北(bei)(bei)部(bu)山區(qu)農田無(wu)(wu)法(fa)相(xiang)比的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。二是(shi)(shi)最(zui)(zui)(zui)佳(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)環(huan)境。穆(mu)棱市地(di)處丘陵淺山區(qu),境內群(qun)(qun)山連(lian)綿(mian),森林茂密(mi),河流縱橫(heng),山清水(shui)秀,森林覆蓋率62.3%。尤其是(shi)(shi)共和(he)(he)(he)鄉(xiang)森林覆蓋率高(gao)達85%以(yi)上(shang)。穆(mu)棱由于(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境優(you)良(liang),2002年,被國(guo)家環(huan)保總局認(ren)定為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)國(guo)家級生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態示范(fan)區(qu),獨(du)(du)特(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自然生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境和(he)(he)(he)區(qu)域性(xing)小(xiao)氣(qi)候(hou)非常適(shi)合大(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)。該地(di)區(qu)所屬的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)帶大(da)(da)(da)(da)陸性(xing)季風氣(qi)候(hou),旱時(shi)有(you)(you)平(ping)(ping)(ping)川(chuan)地(di)大(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)做豐收(shou)保障、澇時(shi)有(you)(you)坡(po)崗(gang)地(di)大(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)做豐收(shou)保障;風調(diao)雨順年景平(ping)(ping)(ping)川(chuan)地(di)大(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)和(he)(he)(he)坡(po)崗(gang)地(di)大(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)均可獲(huo)得大(da)(da)(da)(da)豐收(shou);生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)有(you)(you)機(ji)大(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)時(shi)有(you)(you)以(yi)群(qun)(qun)山、森林為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)隔離(li)帶環(huan)抱的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農田;因穆(mu)棱大(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)收(shou)獲(huo)又以(yi)中(zhong)小(xiao)型農機(ji)具(ju)和(he)(he)(he)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu),所以(yi)穆(mu)棱大(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)干(gan)凈、光(guang)澤、金黃、籽粒飽滿均勻、營養、商品特(te)色(se)最(zui)(zui)(zui)好(hao)(hao)(hao)。得天(tian)(tian)獨(du)(du)厚、最(zui)(zui)(zui)佳(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)質(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)環(huan)境,以(yi)穆(mu)棱綠色(se)食品大(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)技術為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)獨(du)(du)特(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)方(fang)式,是(shi)(shi)我(wo)省(sheng)平(ping)(ping)(ping)原農田和(he)(he)(he)北(bei)(bei)部(bu)山區(qu)農田,無(wu)(wu)法(fa)相(xiang)比的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。根(gen)據(ju)市場需求,穆(mu)棱生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)蛋白(bai)質(zhi)含量大(da)(da)(da)(da)約37%以(yi)上(shang),具(ju)有(you)(you)高(gao)品質(zhi)、綠色(se)、無(wu)(wu)公害等顯(xian)著(zhu)特(te)點。以(yi)手工(gong)(gong)與中(zhong)小(xiao)型機(ji)械收(shou)獲(huo)脫粒為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu),大(da)(da)(da)(da)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)成熟(shu)度(du)好(hao)(hao)(hao),色(se)澤正,豆(dou)(dou)(dou)粒干(gan)凈、圓滑、光(guang)澤、飽滿,避(bi)免了大(da)(da)(da)(da)型機(ji)械作業經常帶來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)泥花臉現象,具(ju)有(you)(you)良(liang)好(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外觀形(xing)象和(he)(he)(he)商品質(zhi)量。
2、外在感官特征:穆(mu)棱大豆籽粒飽滿均勻,粒圓(yuan)型,圓(yuan)滑光亮,色澤金(jin)黃統一,干凈,外觀形象(xiang)和商品質量良(liang)好。
3、內(nei)在(zai)品(pin)質(zhi)指(zhi)標:穆(mu)棱大(da)豆(dou),含蛋白(bai)質(zhi)37%以上,粗(cu)纖維(wei)大(da)于12%,維(wei)生(sheng)素E大(da)于1800mg/kg,鈣含量大(da)于1500mg/kg,大(da)豆(dou)豆(dou)漿白(bai)中(zhong)透(tou)黃、豆(dou)香味濃、香甜可(ke)口、無豆(dou)腥味;穆(mu)棱豆(dou)腐更是鮮嫩可(ke)口,白(bai)中(zhong)透(tou)黃。穆(mu)棱機械壓榨大(da)豆(dou)油(you),金(jin)黃營養豐富,富含亞油(you)酸,有(you)健康油(you)、延壽油(you)之稱(cheng),是上等油(you)脂。
4、安(an)全(quan)(quan)要求:穆(mu)棱大(da)(da)豆生產(chan)過程嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)按照綠色(se)食品(pin)(pin)標準執行(xing)(xing),農藥使用(yong)嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)執行(xing)(xing)NY/T393-2000標準,肥料使用(yong)嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)執行(xing)(xing)NY/T394-2000標準,嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)遵守(shou)《農產(chan)品(pin)(pin)質量安(an)全(quan)(quan)法(fa)》規定科學使用(yong)農業投入品(pin)(pin)。在逐步建立(li)大(da)(da)豆 安(an)全(quan)(quan)追溯體系,保(bao)證大(da)(da)豆安(an)全(quan)(quan)的可(ke)追溯性。
繁育
鏡泊(bo)湖紅尾魚性成(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)較緩慢(man),體長26厘米的(de)4齡魚性腺才成(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)。
產卵期為6~7月,在大江中產漂浮性卵。平均懷卵量為36000粒,卵粒較大,卵黃直徑約為1.25毫米。一般(ban)1齡(ling)(ling)魚(yu)(yu)體長約為7.5厘米,2齡(ling)(ling)魚(yu)(yu)為13厘米,3齡(ling)(ling)魚(yu)(yu)為19.5厘米,4齡(ling)(ling)魚(yu)(yu)為26厘米,5齡(ling)(ling)魚(yu)(yu)為31厘米。
產量
鏡(jing)(jing)泊湖(hu)紅(hong)尾魚的蘊藏量(liang)比較(jiao)豐富,因鏡(jing)(jing)泊湖(hu)水深且水流(liu)平穩,
適于紅尾魚生長繁殖(zhi),所以紅尾魚產(chan)量(liang)一直較(jiao)高,其產(chan)量(liang)已占鏡(jing)泊湖總漁(yu)獲量(liang)的50%左右,成為湖區主要(yao)經濟魚類。
鏡泊湖風味魚宴
游覽鏡泊(bo)(bo)湖(hu)(hu)一個重要(yao)節(jie)目是吃(chi)一頓魚宴,鏡泊(bo)(bo)湖(hu)(hu)中(zhong)盛產無(wu)污染的綠色湖(hu)(hu)魚。有鯽魚、桂魚、紅尾、胖頭等70余(yu)。都是魚味鮮(xian)(xian)美,肉質細嫩的上等佳肴,鏡泊(bo)(bo)湖(hu)(hu)的鮮(xian)(xian)魚名菜。
鏡泊湖(hu)中盛產無污染(ran)的綠色湖(hu)魚(yu),有鯽魚(yu)、桂魚(yu)、紅尾、胖頭等70余種,都(dou)是魚(yu)味鮮(xian)美,肉(rou)質(zhi)細嫩的上等佳肴。鏡泊湖(hu)的鮮(xian)魚(yu)名菜,有醬燜鯽魚(yu)、清(qing)蒸桂魚(yu)、干(gan)炸紅尾、糖(tang)醋鯉魚(yu)、清(qing)燉胖頭等。
鏡泊湖(hu)(hu)紅尾(wei)魚 黑龍江 鏡泊湖(hu)(hu)風(feng)景名(ming)勝區漁政(zheng)監督管理站黑龍江省東(dong)南(nan)部張廣(guang)才嶺與老爺(ye)嶺之(zhi)間的鏡泊湖(hu)(hu)水域(yu)。地理坐標為東(dong)經128°45′00〞~129°03′00〞,北緯43°45′00〞~44°03′00〞。
鏡泊湖(hu)紅尾(wei)魚為農產品地理標志產品。
垂釣方法
紅尾(wei)游速(su)快,在寬闊的(de)水體(ti)中 它是(shi)眾魚中的(de)游泳健將(jiang)。但泳層不定,用(yong)底釣(diao)(diao)、浮釣(diao)(diao)均可(ke)釣(diao)(diao)到(dao)它。
在鏡泊湖釣(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)紅尾,主要有乘筏(fa)(fa)游釣(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)、湖畔夜釣(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)和擬餌拉釣(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)三種(zhong)釣(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)法(fa)。 一(yi)、乘筏(fa)(fa)游釣(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)筏(fa)(fa)釣(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)的釣(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)具相當簡陋(lou),不用(yong)(yong)(yong)釣(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)竿,用(yong)(yong)(yong)一(yi)支寬(kuan)3厘米(mi),長(chang)50~60 厘米(mi)的纏線(xian)(xian)(xian)板(ban)代替(ti)釣(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)竿(纏線(xian)(xian)(xian)板(ban)可用(yong)(yong)(yong)竹劈子(zi)或薄(bo)木條制作);在纏 線(xian)(xian)(xian)板(ban)兩端各鉆(zhan)一(yi)小孔(kong),一(yi)端鎖定(ding)主線(xian)(xian)(xian),另一(yi)端拴(shuan)失(shi)手繩。主線(xian)(xian)(xian)選用(yong)(yong)(yong)直(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)0.2毫米(mi)尼龍(long)線(xian)(xian)(xian),總長(chang)10 米(mi)足矣。腦線(xian)(xian)(xian)長(chang)13~15厘米(mi),線(xian)(xian)(xian)徑(jing)(jing)略小于主線(xian)(xian)(xian)。釣(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)鉤(gou)用(yong)(yong)(yong)鉤(gou)尖外(wai)傾(qing) 的丸七9~10號長(chang)柄(bing)鉤(gou)1~2枚(mei)(mei)。其 中底鉤(gou)l枚(mei)(mei),另1枚(mei)(mei)為浮(fu)鉤(gou)。懸鉤(gou)的距(ju)離(li)位置要根據釣(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)層的深淺來定(ding),水(shui)線(xian)(xian)(xian)長(chang)(深)時距(ju)水(shui)面遠些,水(shui)線(xian)(xian)(xian)短(淺)時距(ju)水(shui)面近些,通常(chang)離(li)水(shui)面1~1.5米(mi)為妥。距(ju)底鉤(gou)15厘米(mi)處咬合(he)鉛墜1粒,墜重略大于漂的浮(fu)力,使墜觸(chu)地,取臥鉤(gou)釣(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)法(fa)。