寺院歷史
宋紹(shao)興十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)1140年(nian)(nian))重(zhong)置揭(jie)(jie)陽(yang)縣,是年(nian)(nian)法山禪師創(chuang)建(jian)揭(jie)(jie)陽(yang)雙(shuang)(shuang)峰(feng)寺(si),成邑中(zhong)叢林。原址(zhi)在今(jin)之(zhi)揭(jie)(jie)東縣桂嶺(ling)(古稱磐(pan)溪(xi)都(dou))雙(shuang)(shuang)山南麓,后山兩峰(feng)并峙,頂有六(liu)丈(zhang)高天然巨(ju)石(shi)名曰“石(shi)母”,周圍(wei)景(jing)致頗(po)多(duo)(duo),昔有“雙(shuang)(shuang)峰(feng)八景(jing)”之(zhi)說。寺(si)之(zhi)規(gui)模宏大壯觀,與潮州開元(yuan)寺(si)、潮陽(yang)靈山寺(si)并稱潮郡三(san)(san)大名剎。每逢(feng)祝(zhu)圣良期,邑中(zhong)官紳檀(tan)越多(duo)(duo)有沐浴來山禮佛者(zhe),由官道至距寺(si)三(san)(san)里外之(zhi)“鼎蓋山”驅轎下馬(ma)步行進寺(si),以(yi)表(biao)虔誠。按民(min)間相傳,紹(shao)興十(shi)年(nian)(nian)重(zhong)建(jian)揭(jie)(jie)陽(yang)縣城時,地(di)理(li)家認(ren)為(wei),“地(di)龍”從蓮花山脈(mo)的龍頸一(yi)直行到雙(shuang)(shuang)山,共99峰(feng),再往(wang)東就是平川(chuan),而(er)玉滘村正是“靈氣所鐘”,所以(yi)作為(wei)第99峰(feng)的石(shi)母山,也就成了(le)風水寶(bao)地(di),而(er)建(jian)起了(le)雙(shuang)(shuang)峰(feng)寺(si)。它是古揭(jie)(jie)陽(yang)文化(hua)的一(yi)種綜合積(ji)淀物。
雙峰寺(si)歷代(dai)屢廢屢興(xing)。志(zhi)書記(ji):清雍正戊申(1728年(nian))六月,雙峰寺(si)毀於颶風(feng),楝(lian)梁楹(ying)桷(jue)瓦(wa)蓋一應俱盡,知縣陳(chen)樹(shu)芝主持(chi)修復。民國十四(si)年(nian),縣長陳(chen)卓(zhuo)凡(fan)廢之(zhi),寺(si)屋充作教育(yu)費用。邑紳(shen)林存厚、林仲(zhong)良(liang)、局伯初等發起籌款贖回葺復。50年(nian)代(dai),寺(si)僧推行“農(nong)禪并舉”之(zhi)策,以(yi)寺(si)辨工廠。“文(wen)革”期間,佛像、文(wen)物俱毀。
改革(ge)開放(fang)後,縣人民政(zheng)府貫徹落(luo)實宗教政(zheng)策(ce),決定修(xiu)建(jian)雙(shuang)峰寺,恢復古跡,開辟旅(lv)游勝地。1986年10月25日(ri)舉(ju)行(xing)奠基禮,破(po)土興工。經過整整61個月施(shi)工,耗資四百萬元,建(jian)筑面積(ji)2400平方米,1991年12月10日(ri)隆重(zhong)舉(ju)行(xing)修(xiu)建(jian)落(luo)成暨佛像開光(guang)典禮,盛(sheng)況(kuang)空前(qian)。
建筑特點
雙峰寺(si)(si)占地3200平方米,其(qi)中(zhong)建(jian)筑物2400平方米重修后寺(si)(si)院(yuan)呈四(si)合院(yuan)布局,中(zhong)軸(zhou)線(xian)上,依次(ci)為山門、前廳、大雄寶殿(dian)、泰(tai)佛(fo)殿(dian),有東西兩廊。寺(si)(si)中(zhong)有歷代文人雅士碑刻(ke)歲通,寺(si)(si)中(zhong)有磚刻(ke)五塊,其(qi)中(zhong)虎壽碑最為珍(zhen)貴。泰(tai)佛(fo)殿(dian)為樓閣式,正殿(dian)中(zhong)金身泰(tai)式佛(fo)像一座,相傳走(zou)近,其(qi)耳鉤(gou)即不斷輕(qing)搖,被(bei)傳為異事。清代郭光任(ren)陽江(jiang)儒學時由肇郡移於雙峰寺(si)(si)中(zhong),并題跋。寺(si)(si)中(zhong)有木棉樹,雙峰竹。相傳孟宗哭竹,孝(xiao)感(gan)天地,每節黃皮(pi)竹上都(dou)留(liu)下了幾行深綠色淚痕(hen)。寺(si)(si)內珍(zhen)藏有泰(tai)國華僑贈送(song)之(zhi)觀(guan)音菩(pu)薩銅(tong)像,人們前來瞻仰,常常見(jian)到菩(pu)薩的耳環在微微擺動,被(bei)稱為雙峰一奇。
景點評價
昔日這(zhe)座寺(si)院,環(huan)境幽雅,寺(si)內聳竹(zhu)修(xiu)篁,庭(ting)樹(shu)垂(chui)蔭,內中建筑,曲(qu)經通幽。每當(dang)夕陽西墜,鳥雀歸巢,伴之鐘(zhong)鼓聲(sheng)聲(sheng),木魚(yu)篤(du)(du)篤(du)(du),梵經陳聞之際,別具一(yi)(yi)番(fan)情趣,故有“雙(shuang)峰(feng)晚鐘(zhong)”之稱。于是(shi)“雙(shuang)峰(feng)晚鐘(zhong)”稱為(wei)(wei)揭陽古八(ba)景之一(yi)(yi)。明末大(da)學(xue)士郭之奇有雙(shuang)峰(feng)寺(si)懷(huai)石山禪師詩(shi)為(wei)(wei)證:“三百年來(lai)舊佛宮,依稀(xi)猶記石心(xin)翁。預(yu)為(wei)(wei)法界傳燈缽(bo),故人塵環(huan)試色空。四壁(bi)人煙天早(zao)暮,一(yi)(yi)灣流(liu)水日西東。鏡臺菩樹(shu)今何在,錫杖遙遙覷紫峰(feng)。”“雙(shuang)峰(feng)寺(si)”也因(yin)此享譽(yu)海內外,游(you)人如鯽(ji),香火不斷。許(xu)多文人騷客(ke),達官貴人,更是(shi)慕名而來(lai),在這(zhe)座古寺(si)名剎吟詩(shi)詠和,流(liu)連忘返,留下了許(xu)多珍貴的(de)墨寶。
如(ru)今,修葺一新的雙峰寺(si),占地面積3000多(duo)平方米,殿宇(yu)更為壯觀宏偉,天王殿、大(da)雄寶殿、藏經樓(lou)三宇(yu)并立,觀音閣(ge)、地藏閣(ge)精(jing)巧玲瓏,東西(xi)長(chang)廊、耳(er)房及角樓(lou),結構嚴(yan)謹(jin),整個寺(si)院雕梁畫棟,古(gu)樸大(da)方。匯集(ji)古(gu)建(jian)筑精(jing)粹,結合現代化(hua)的建(jian)筑技術,去蕪(wu)存精(jing),博采眾長(chang),使該寺(si)顯得古(gu)色(se)古(gu)香,美輪美奐,寺(si)內奇(qi)花異卉,爭(zheng)妍斗勝(sheng),別(bie)具一番情趣。
寺中有(you)磚刻五塊,其中虎壽(shou)(shou)碑(bei)最(zui)為(wei)珍貴。虎字(zi)碑(bei)是(shi)清朝(chao)江南(nan)提督國棟所書。壽(shou)(shou)字(zi)碑(bei)為(wei)北宋著名(ming)理(li)學(xue)家陳摶聽書,粗看(kan)為(wei)“壽(shou)(shou)”字(zi),細看(kan)則包含“林富佛(fo)壽(shou)(shou)”四字(zi),為(wei)廣東省價值較高的石(shi)碑(bei)。
揭陽雙峰院記
此記(ji)(ji)(ji)為元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人程(cheng)準(zhun)于(yu)泰(tai)定元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)年(nian)(公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1324)所(suo)記(ji)(ji)(ji),收錄于(yu)明《永(yong)樂大典》卷五三四(si)四(si),有序(xu)云:“諸寺(si)(si)(si)(si)院(yuan)記(ji)(ji)(ji)文(wen),不(bu)關世教者不(bu)錄。此篇獨能不(bu)膠異說,以悲喜衍義,行文(wen)有法,感人情思(si)。與他寺(si)(si)(si)(si)院(yuan)記(ji)(ji)(ji)遠甚,故時錄之。”此乃雙(shuang)峰寺(si)(si)(si)(si)之重(zhong)要史料。文(wen)中明確記(ji)(ji)(ji)載(zai)縣尹彭振于(yu)公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1310年(nian)請石山禪師“初(chu)構(gou)殿于(yu)瓦礫間”重(zhong)建(jian)雙(shuang)峰寺(si)(si)(si)(si)之史實,我們認(ren)為應是在原址重(zhong)建(jian)。與揭(jie)陽一些書報所(suo)說“明洪武年(nian)間,僧人石山將(jiang)雙(shuang)峰寺(si)(si)(si)(si)遷(qian)至榕城馬山巷”有明顯(xian)出(chu)入,本(ben)記(ji)(ji)(ji)文(wen)所(suo)據(ju)為程(cheng)準(zhun)于(yu)公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1324年(nian)所(suo)記(ji)(ji)(ji),元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人記(ji)(ji)(ji)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)事,應可(ke)信也。
世人以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)壞(huai)(huai)觀物(wu),見其成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)無(wu)不(bu)(bu)喜,見其壞(huai)(huai)無(wu)不(bu)(bu)悲。成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)者(zhe)(zhe)自成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),壞(huai)(huai)者(zhe)(zhe)自壞(huai)(huai);于(yu)我何有(you)(you),而(er)作是念(nian)?善(shan)哉(zai)善(shan)哉(zai)!此天(tian)地圣賢之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin),愚(yu)不(bu)(bu)肖(xiao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所同,儒者(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謂(wei)善(shan)端,佛(fo)者(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謂(wei)無(wu)量心(xin)也(ye)(ye)。一(yi)切萬物(wu),皆(jie)有(you)(you)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)壞(huai)(huai);是悲喜心(xin),無(wu)有(you)(you)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)壞(huai)(huai)。由(you)其不(bu)(bu)壞(huai)(huai),壞(huai)(huai)無(wu)不(bu)(bu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。故自一(yi)念(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)喜,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)圖(tu)其成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),天(tian)工可(ke)代,七政可(ke)齊,六府可(ke)修(xiu)也(ye)(ye):自一(yi)念(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)悲,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)極(ji)其壞(huai)(huai),洚(jiang)水(shui)可(ke)抑,龍蛇可(ke)驅(qu),河流可(ke)塞也(ye)(ye)。鵲巢石窟(ku),珍樓(lou)寶屋(wu),廣(guang)狹不(bu)(bu)同,華陋殊(shu)絕,皆(jie)不(bu)(bu)過人天(tian)小果,曾何足以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)置(zhi)欣戚(qi)于(yu)其間!然十室(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)邑,三(san)家(jia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)市,蘧廬一(yi)宿,終身眷(juan)眷(juan)不(bu)(bu)忘。他(ta)日過之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),頹垣斷礎(chu),未有(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)徘(pai)徊(huai)故墟(xu),為之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)感愴者(zhe)(zhe);他(ta)日又過之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),疏(shu)籬環堵(du),如舊(jiu)觀重來(lai),又未有(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)欣然慰滿,若己與有(you)(you)力焉。此豈(qi)復(fu)有(you)(you)窮奢極(ji)侈之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工,動(dong)心(xin)悅(yue)目之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)景,可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)牽縈(ying)懷(huai)抱者(zhe)(zhe)?終不(bu)(bu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)壞(huai)(huai),壞(huai)(huai)無(wu)不(bu)(bu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),彼(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)猶吾(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)也(ye)(ye),吾(wu)不(bu)(bu)知此日是心(xin)何從而(er)來(lai)哉(zai)?天(tian)高地下,在物(wu)無(wu)終壞(huai)(huai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理;往(wang)過來(lai)續,在人有(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)壞(huai)(huai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)。彼(bi)積蘇累塊,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)壞(huai)(huai)較難(nan)易;金地寶林(lin),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)興創為殊(shu)勝。雖其徒(tu)稍知道者(zhe)(zhe),亦必戚(qi)然顰、閔然嘯(xiao)矣!
皇元仁洽萬方,垂(chui)情慈教,天馬飲海,龍(long)象如如。而揭陽雙峰獨(du)罹劫灰,自(zi)丙子至(zhi)戊(wu)申(shen)三(san)十(shi)三(san)載。歸(gui)德彭君(jun)振來尹茲邑,報恩無(wu)地,將經(jing)始起廢。民父老合辭(ci)薦請(qing),君(jun)乃捐俸流貤,起釋子石(shi)山(shan)必(bi)瓊(qiong)董其役(yi)。瓊(qiong)亦(yi)(yi)罄囊畢力,初構殿于(yu)瓦(wa)礫(li)間(jian),始庚戌夏,迄辛亥(hai)冬(dong)。邑人(ren)(ren)劉君(jun)用賓、林(lin)(lin)君(jun)叔翊好善隨(sui)喜,法筵開,經(jing)輪(lun)轉,山(shan)門品列,廊楹魚貫(guan),僧寮師室(shi),香積(ji)寶庋,種種完美。又(you)三(san)年(nian),梅倅蒙君(jun)果沿檄適至(zhi),暨歸(gui)裒鏹五十(shi)萬圓滿之(zhi)。且(qie)尹有人(ren)(ren)民社(she)稷(ji),補弊塞責之(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)暇,能以(yi)余(yu)力及此(ci),蒙君(jun)非居(ju)仕是(shi)邦而施(shi)與無(wu)吝容。若劉與林(lin)(lin),鄉之(zhi)善士,視瓊(qiong)雖(sui)為(wei)(wei)善不(bu)(bu)(bu)同,要皆非有所利而為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)者。不(bu)(bu)(bu)遠數千里,念記于(yu)予。公(gong)(gong)等得無(wu)悲(bei)其壞(huai)而喜其成(cheng)乎?是(shi)心也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)何(he)從而來哉?無(wu)往不(bu)(bu)(bu)復者天之(zhi)道,感今(jin)懷古者人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)情,余(yu)所謂(wei)天地圣(sheng)賢愚不(bu)(bu)(bu)肖之(zhi)所同。蓋有不(bu)(bu)(bu)求(qiu)而獲,無(wu)為(wei)(wei)而為(wei)(wei)者。秉彝好德,固非夷(yi)法之(zhi)所能外也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。韓山(shan)蒼蒼,韓木章(zhang)章(zhang);大(da)顛(dian)堂堂,廬存人(ren)(ren)忘(wang)!數書珍重(zhong),吾意公(gong)(gong)亦(yi)(yi)喜其聰明識道理而重(zhong)其憂世之(zhi)悲(bei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)夫(fu)!斯文(wen)耿(geng)光,千古一日。余(yu)方求(qiu)公(gong)(gong)書而玩索之(zhi),又(you)安得不(bu)(bu)(bu)因君(jun)之(zhi)喜而為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)書也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)!尹字文(wen)舉,今(jin)為(wei)(wei)惠州路推官。蒙字仲剛,今(jin)為(wei)(wei)潮(chao)幕(mu)長。謙齋(zhai)劉君(jun),時主(zhu)簿程鄉。友梅、石(shi)山(shan),林(lin)(lin)與瓊(qiong)自(zi)號也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。財施(shi)工力姓(xing)氏(shi)列著碑(bei)陰。
泰定初元甲(jia)子三月朔(shuo),承直郎南(nan)雄路總管(guan)府(fu)推官程準記。