寺院歷史
宋(song)紹興十(shi)年(nian)(公元(yuan)1140年(nian))重置揭(jie)陽縣,是(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)法山(shan)(shan)禪師(shi)創建揭(jie)陽雙(shuang)峰(feng)(feng)寺(si)(si)(si),成(cheng)邑(yi)中(zhong)叢林。原(yuan)址在今(jin)之揭(jie)東縣桂嶺(古稱(cheng)磐(pan)溪都)雙(shuang)山(shan)(shan)南麓,后山(shan)(shan)兩峰(feng)(feng)并峙,頂有六丈高(gao)天然巨石名曰“石母”,周圍景(jing)致頗多(duo),昔(xi)有“雙(shuang)峰(feng)(feng)八(ba)景(jing)”之說(shuo)。寺(si)(si)(si)之規模宏(hong)大(da)壯觀,與潮(chao)州開元(yuan)寺(si)(si)(si)、潮(chao)陽靈(ling)山(shan)(shan)寺(si)(si)(si)并稱(cheng)潮(chao)郡三(san)大(da)名剎。每(mei)逢祝圣良期,邑(yi)中(zhong)官(guan)(guan)紳檀越多(duo)有沐浴來(lai)山(shan)(shan)禮佛者,由官(guan)(guan)道至距寺(si)(si)(si)三(san)里外之“鼎蓋山(shan)(shan)”驅轎下馬步行進(jin)寺(si)(si)(si),以表(biao)虔(qian)誠。按民間(jian)相傳,紹興十(shi)年(nian)重建揭(jie)陽縣城時(shi),地(di)理家(jia)認為,“地(di)龍”從蓮(lian)花山(shan)(shan)脈(mo)的龍頸一直行到雙(shuang)山(shan)(shan),共99峰(feng)(feng),再往(wang)東就是(shi)(shi)(shi)平川(chuan),而玉滘村(cun)正是(shi)(shi)(shi)“靈(ling)氣所鐘(zhong)”,所以作為第99峰(feng)(feng)的石母山(shan)(shan),也就成(cheng)了風水寶地(di),而建起了雙(shuang)峰(feng)(feng)寺(si)(si)(si)。它(ta)是(shi)(shi)(shi)古揭(jie)陽文化的一種綜合(he)積淀物。
雙峰寺(si)歷代(dai)屢(lv)廢屢(lv)興(xing)。志書記(ji):清雍正戊申(1728年)六月,雙峰寺(si)毀於颶(ju)風,楝梁楹桷瓦蓋一(yi)應俱(ju)盡,知縣陳樹芝(zhi)主持修(xiu)復(fu)。民國(guo)十四年,縣長陳卓(zhuo)凡(fan)廢之(zhi),寺(si)屋(wu)充(chong)作(zuo)教育費用(yong)。邑紳林存厚(hou)、林仲良(liang)、局伯初等發起(qi)籌款贖回(hui)葺(qi)復(fu)。50年代(dai),寺(si)僧推行“農禪并舉”之(zhi)策,以寺(si)辨工廠。“文(wen)革”期間,佛像、文(wen)物(wu)俱(ju)毀。
改革開(kai)(kai)放(fang)後,縣人民政府貫徹落(luo)實宗教政策,決(jue)定修(xiu)建(jian)雙(shuang)峰寺,恢復古跡,開(kai)(kai)辟(pi)旅游勝地。1986年10月(yue)25日(ri)舉(ju)行(xing)奠(dian)基禮,破(po)土興工。經過整整61個月(yue)施工,耗資(zi)四百(bai)萬元(yuan),建(jian)筑面積2400平方(fang)米(mi),1991年12月(yue)10日(ri)隆重舉(ju)行(xing)修(xiu)建(jian)落(luo)成暨佛像開(kai)(kai)光(guang)典禮,盛況空(kong)前(qian)。
建筑特點
雙(shuang)(shuang)峰(feng)寺(si)(si)占地3200平(ping)方米(mi),其中(zhong)建(jian)筑物2400平(ping)方米(mi)重(zhong)修后寺(si)(si)院(yuan)呈(cheng)四合院(yuan)布局,中(zhong)軸線上,依次為山門、前廳、大(da)雄寶(bao)殿(dian)、泰(tai)佛殿(dian),有(you)(you)東(dong)西兩廊。寺(si)(si)中(zhong)有(you)(you)歷代(dai)文人雅士碑刻歲通,寺(si)(si)中(zhong)有(you)(you)磚刻五塊,其中(zhong)虎壽碑最為珍貴(gui)。泰(tai)佛殿(dian)為樓閣式,正殿(dian)中(zhong)金(jin)身(shen)泰(tai)式佛像一座,相傳(chuan)走近,其耳(er)鉤即不斷輕(qing)搖,被傳(chuan)為異事(shi)。清代(dai)郭光任(ren)陽(yang)江儒學(xue)時由肇郡移(yi)於(wu)雙(shuang)(shuang)峰(feng)寺(si)(si)中(zhong),并題(ti)跋。寺(si)(si)中(zhong)有(you)(you)木(mu)棉樹,雙(shuang)(shuang)峰(feng)竹。相傳(chuan)孟宗哭竹,孝感天地,每節黃皮竹上都留(liu)下了幾行深綠(lv)色淚痕。寺(si)(si)內(nei)珍藏有(you)(you)泰(tai)國華(hua)僑贈送之(zhi)觀音(yin)菩薩(sa)銅像,人們前來瞻(zhan)仰,常(chang)常(chang)見(jian)到菩薩(sa)的耳(er)環在微微擺動(dong),被稱為雙(shuang)(shuang)峰(feng)一奇。
景點評價
昔(xi)日(ri)這座寺(si)院,環(huan)境(jing)幽雅(ya),寺(si)內(nei)聳(song)竹修篁,庭樹(shu)垂蔭,內(nei)中建筑,曲經(jing)通(tong)幽。每當(dang)夕陽(yang)西墜,鳥(niao)雀歸巢,伴之(zhi)鐘鼓聲(sheng)聲(sheng),木(mu)魚篤篤,梵經(jing)陳聞之(zhi)際,別具一番情趣,故(gu)(gu)有(you)“雙(shuang)峰晚(wan)鐘”之(zhi)稱。于(yu)是“雙(shuang)峰晚(wan)鐘”稱為揭陽(yang)古八景之(zhi)一。明末大學士郭之(zhi)奇有(you)雙(shuang)峰寺(si)懷(huai)石山(shan)禪師(shi)詩為證:“三百年來舊佛(fo)宮(gong),依(yi)稀猶記石心翁。預為法界傳(chuan)燈缽,故(gu)(gu)人(ren)(ren)塵環(huan)試色空。四壁人(ren)(ren)煙(yan)天早暮,一灣流水日(ri)西東。鏡(jing)臺菩樹(shu)今何在(zai),錫杖遙遙覷紫峰。”“雙(shuang)峰寺(si)”也因此(ci)享譽海內(nei)外,游(you)人(ren)(ren)如鯽,香火不斷。許多(duo)文人(ren)(ren)騷(sao)客,達(da)官貴人(ren)(ren),更是慕名而來,在(zai)這座古寺(si)名剎吟詩詠(yong)和,流連忘返(fan),留下了許多(duo)珍貴的墨寶。
如今,修葺一新的(de)雙峰(feng)寺,占地(di)面積(ji)3000多平方米(mi),殿宇更為(wei)壯(zhuang)觀宏偉,天(tian)王(wang)殿、大(da)雄寶(bao)殿、藏經樓三宇并立,觀音(yin)閣、地(di)藏閣精巧玲(ling)瓏,東西長(chang)廊、耳房及角樓,結(jie)構嚴(yan)謹,整(zheng)個(ge)寺院雕(diao)梁畫棟(dong),古樸大(da)方。匯集古建筑(zhu)精粹,結(jie)合現代化的(de)建筑(zhu)技(ji)術,去蕪存精,博采眾長(chang),使(shi)該(gai)寺顯得古色(se)古香,美輪美奐(huan),寺內(nei)奇花(hua)異卉,爭妍斗勝,別具一番情趣。
寺(si)中有磚刻五塊,其中虎壽(shou)碑最(zui)為(wei)(wei)珍貴。虎字(zi)碑是清朝江南提督國棟所書(shu)。壽(shou)字(zi)碑為(wei)(wei)北宋著名理學家陳摶聽書(shu),粗看為(wei)(wei)“壽(shou)”字(zi),細看則包(bao)含(han)“林富佛壽(shou)”四字(zi),為(wei)(wei)廣(guang)東省價值較高的石碑。
揭陽雙峰院記
此(ci)記為元(yuan)人(ren)程準(zhun)于(yu)(yu)泰定元(yuan)年(nian)(公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)1324)所(suo)記,收錄(lu)于(yu)(yu)明(ming)(ming)《永(yong)樂大典》卷五(wu)三四(si)四(si),有序云:“諸寺(si)院(yuan)記文(wen),不關(guan)世教者(zhe)不錄(lu)。此(ci)篇獨能不膠異說,以悲喜衍義,行文(wen)有法,感人(ren)情思。與(yu)他(ta)寺(si)院(yuan)記遠甚,故時錄(lu)之(zhi)。”此(ci)乃雙(shuang)(shuang)峰(feng)寺(si)之(zhi)重(zhong)要史料(liao)。文(wen)中(zhong)明(ming)(ming)確(que)記載縣尹彭振于(yu)(yu)公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)1310年(nian)請石山禪師“初構殿于(yu)(yu)瓦礫間(jian)”重(zhong)建(jian)雙(shuang)(shuang)峰(feng)寺(si)之(zhi)史實,我們(men)認為應是在(zai)原址重(zhong)建(jian)。與(yu)揭(jie)陽一些書報所(suo)說“明(ming)(ming)洪武年(nian)間(jian),僧人(ren)石山將(jiang)雙(shuang)(shuang)峰(feng)寺(si)遷至榕城馬山巷”有明(ming)(ming)顯(xian)出入,本記文(wen)所(suo)據為程準(zhun)于(yu)(yu)公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)1324年(nian)所(suo)記,元(yuan)人(ren)記元(yuan)事,應可信也。
世人以(yi)(yi)成(cheng)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)觀(guan)物(wu),見其(qi)成(cheng)無(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)喜(xi),見其(qi)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)無(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)悲(bei)。成(cheng)者自(zi)成(cheng),壞(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)者自(zi)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai);于我何有(you)(you),而作是(shi)念?善(shan)哉(zai)善(shan)哉(zai)!此天地圣(sheng)賢之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin),愚不(bu)(bu)(bu)肖(xiao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所同,儒者之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謂(wei)善(shan)端,佛(fo)者之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謂(wei)無(wu)(wu)量心(xin)(xin)(xin)也(ye)。一(yi)切萬物(wu),皆有(you)(you)成(cheng)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai);是(shi)悲(bei)喜(xi)心(xin)(xin)(xin),無(wu)(wu)有(you)(you)成(cheng)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)。由(you)其(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai),壞(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)無(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)成(cheng)。故自(zi)一(yi)念之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)喜(xi),以(yi)(yi)圖(tu)其(qi)成(cheng),天工可(ke)代(dai),七政可(ke)齊,六府可(ke)修也(ye):自(zi)一(yi)念之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)悲(bei),以(yi)(yi)極(ji)其(qi)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai),洚(jiang)水可(ke)抑(yi),龍蛇可(ke)驅(qu),河流可(ke)塞也(ye)。鵲巢石窟,珍樓寶(bao)屋,廣狹不(bu)(bu)(bu)同,華陋殊(shu)絕,皆不(bu)(bu)(bu)過(guo)人天小果(guo),曾何足(zu)以(yi)(yi)置欣戚于其(qi)間!然(ran)十室之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)邑,三家之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)市,蘧廬(lu)一(yi)宿,終(zhong)(zhong)身眷眷不(bu)(bu)(bu)忘。他(ta)(ta)日過(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),頹垣(yuan)斷(duan)礎,未有(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)徘徊故墟(xu),為(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)感愴者;他(ta)(ta)日又過(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),疏籬環堵,如舊觀(guan)重來,又未有(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)欣然(ran)慰滿,若己與有(you)(you)力焉(yan)。此豈復(fu)有(you)(you)窮奢極(ji)侈之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工,動心(xin)(xin)(xin)悅目之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)景,可(ke)以(yi)(yi)牽縈懷(huai)抱者?終(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)成(cheng)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai),壞(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)無(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)成(cheng),彼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)猶(you)吾(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)也(ye),吾(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)知此日是(shi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)何從而來哉(zai)?天高地下(xia),在物(wu)無(wu)(wu)終(zhong)(zhong)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理;往過(guo)來續,在人有(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)。彼積蘇累塊,以(yi)(yi)成(cheng)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)較難易(yi);金地寶(bao)林,以(yi)(yi)興創(chuang)為(wei)殊(shu)勝。雖其(qi)徒稍(shao)知道者,亦必(bi)戚然(ran)顰(pin)、閔(min)然(ran)嘯矣!
皇元仁洽萬(wan)方(fang),垂情慈(ci)教,天馬飲海,龍(long)象如如。而(er)揭陽雙峰獨罹劫灰(hui),自丙子至戊申三十三載。歸德彭君振來(lai)尹茲邑(yi),報恩無地(di),將經始(shi)起廢。民父老合辭薦請,君乃捐俸流(liu)貤,起釋子石(shi)山(shan)必(bi)瓊(qiong)董其(qi)役。瓊(qiong)亦(yi)罄囊畢力(li)(li),初構殿于瓦礫間,始(shi)庚戌(xu)夏,迄辛亥冬(dong)。邑(yi)人(ren)劉君用(yong)賓、林君叔翊好(hao)善隨喜(xi),法筵開(kai),經輪轉,山(shan)門品列,廊楹魚(yu)貫,僧寮師室,香積寶庋(gui),種種完美。又(you)三年(nian),梅倅蒙君果沿檄適(shi)至,暨歸裒鏹五十萬(wan)圓(yuan)滿(man)之(zhi)。且尹有(you)人(ren)民社稷,補(bu)弊(bi)塞責之(zhi)不暇(xia),能(neng)以(yi)余力(li)(li)及此,蒙君非居仕(shi)是(shi)邦而(er)施與無吝容。若劉與林,鄉(xiang)之(zhi)善士(shi),視瓊(qiong)雖為(wei)(wei)善不同,要皆非有(you)所(suo)利而(er)為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)者。不遠數千(qian)里,念記(ji)于予。公等得無悲其(qi)壞而(er)喜(xi)其(qi)成(cheng)乎?是(shi)心也(ye)何從而(er)來(lai)哉?無往不復者天之(zhi)道,感今(jin)懷古者人(ren)之(zhi)情,余所(suo)謂天地(di)圣賢愚不肖之(zhi)所(suo)同。蓋有(you)不求而(er)獲,無為(wei)(wei)而(er)為(wei)(wei)者。秉彝好(hao)德,固非夷法之(zhi)所(suo)能(neng)外也(ye)。韓(han)山(shan)蒼蒼,韓(han)木章章;大(da)顛(dian)堂堂,廬存人(ren)忘(wang)!數書(shu)珍(zhen)重(zhong),吾(wu)意公亦(yi)喜(xi)其(qi)聰明識道理而(er)重(zhong)其(qi)憂世之(zhi)悲也(ye)夫!斯文(wen)耿光,千(qian)古一日。余方(fang)求公書(shu)而(er)玩索之(zhi),又(you)安得不因(yin)君之(zhi)喜(xi)而(er)為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)書(shu)也(ye)!尹字文(wen)舉,今(jin)為(wei)(wei)惠州路(lu)推官。蒙字仲剛,今(jin)為(wei)(wei)潮幕長(chang)。謙(qian)齋劉君,時(shi)主簿(bu)程(cheng)鄉(xiang)。友梅、石(shi)山(shan),林與瓊(qiong)自號也(ye)。財施工力(li)(li)姓氏列著(zhu)碑陰。
泰定初元甲子三(san)月朔,承(cheng)直郎南雄路總(zong)管府推官程(cheng)準(zhun)記。