寺院歷史
宋紹興(xing)十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(公元(yuan)1140年(nian)(nian)(nian))重置揭陽(yang)縣(xian),是年(nian)(nian)(nian)法(fa)山(shan)禪師創(chuang)建揭陽(yang)雙(shuang)峰(feng)(feng)寺(si),成(cheng)邑中叢林。原址(zhi)在今(jin)之揭東縣(xian)桂嶺(古稱磐溪都(dou))雙(shuang)山(shan)南麓,后山(shan)兩峰(feng)(feng)并峙,頂有(you)六丈高天然巨石名(ming)曰“石母(mu)(mu)”,周圍景致(zhi)頗多(duo),昔有(you)“雙(shuang)峰(feng)(feng)八景”之說(shuo)。寺(si)之規模宏大壯觀(guan),與潮州開(kai)元(yuan)寺(si)、潮陽(yang)靈山(shan)寺(si)并稱潮郡(jun)三大名(ming)剎。每逢祝圣良期,邑中官紳檀越多(duo)有(you)沐(mu)浴來山(shan)禮佛(fo)者,由官道至距寺(si)三里(li)外之“鼎蓋山(shan)”驅轎下馬步行(xing)進寺(si),以(yi)(yi)表虔(qian)誠(cheng)。按(an)民間相(xiang)傳,紹興(xing)十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)重建揭陽(yang)縣(xian)城時,地(di)理(li)家認為(wei),“地(di)龍(long)”從蓮花山(shan)脈的(de)龍(long)頸一直行(xing)到雙(shuang)山(shan),共(gong)99峰(feng)(feng),再往東就(jiu)是平(ping)川,而玉滘村(cun)正是“靈氣所鐘”,所以(yi)(yi)作為(wei)第99峰(feng)(feng)的(de)石母(mu)(mu)山(shan),也就(jiu)成(cheng)了風水寶(bao)地(di),而建起了雙(shuang)峰(feng)(feng)寺(si)。它是古揭陽(yang)文(wen)化的(de)一種綜合積淀物。
雙峰寺歷代屢廢(fei)屢興(xing)。志書記(ji):清雍正戊申(1728年)六月,雙峰寺毀於(wu)颶風,楝梁楹桷瓦蓋一應俱(ju)盡(jin),知縣(xian)陳(chen)(chen)樹芝(zhi)主持修復。民(min)國十四年,縣(xian)長(chang)陳(chen)(chen)卓凡廢(fei)之,寺屋充(chong)作(zuo)教育費用。邑紳(shen)林存厚、林仲(zhong)良、局伯初等(deng)發起(qi)籌款贖回(hui)葺(qi)復。50年代,寺僧推(tui)行“農禪并舉”之策,以寺辨工廠。“文(wen)革”期間(jian),佛像、文(wen)物俱(ju)毀。
改革開(kai)放(fang)後,縣(xian)人民(min)政府貫徹落實宗教政策,決(jue)定修建雙峰寺,恢(hui)復古跡,開(kai)辟旅游(you)勝地。1986年10月(yue)25日(ri)舉(ju)行(xing)奠基禮(li),破土興工(gong)。經過整整61個月(yue)施工(gong),耗(hao)資(zi)四百萬元,建筑面積(ji)2400平(ping)方米,1991年12月(yue)10日(ri)隆重舉(ju)行(xing)修建落成暨(ji)佛像開(kai)光(guang)典禮(li),盛況空前。
建筑特點
雙(shuang)峰寺(si)占地3200平(ping)方米,其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)建(jian)筑物2400平(ping)方米重修后寺(si)院呈四合院布局,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)軸(zhou)線(xian)上(shang),依次為(wei)山門(men)、前(qian)廳、大雄(xiong)寶(bao)殿(dian)、泰佛殿(dian),有(you)(you)東西兩廊。寺(si)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)歷代文人雅士(shi)碑(bei)(bei)刻(ke)歲通,寺(si)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)磚刻(ke)五塊,其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)虎壽(shou)碑(bei)(bei)最為(wei)珍貴。泰佛殿(dian)為(wei)樓閣式,正殿(dian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)金身泰式佛像(xiang)(xiang)一座,相傳走近,其(qi)耳鉤即不斷輕(qing)搖,被傳為(wei)異事(shi)。清代郭光任(ren)陽江儒學時由肇(zhao)郡移(yi)於(wu)雙(shuang)峰寺(si)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),并題跋。寺(si)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)木棉樹,雙(shuang)峰竹。相傳孟(meng)宗哭竹,孝感天地,每節黃皮竹上(shang)都留(liu)下了幾行深綠色淚(lei)痕。寺(si)內珍藏有(you)(you)泰國華僑贈送之觀音菩(pu)薩銅像(xiang)(xiang),人們前(qian)來瞻仰(yang),常常見(jian)到菩(pu)薩的耳環在微微擺動,被稱(cheng)為(wei)雙(shuang)峰一奇。
景點評價
昔日(ri)這(zhe)座(zuo)寺(si)(si)院,環境幽雅,寺(si)(si)內(nei)(nei)聳竹修篁,庭樹(shu)垂(chui)蔭(yin),內(nei)(nei)中建筑,曲(qu)經(jing)通(tong)幽。每當夕陽(yang)西(xi)墜,鳥雀(que)歸(gui)巢,伴之鐘鼓(gu)聲聲,木魚篤(du)篤(du),梵經(jing)陳聞(wen)之際,別具一番情(qing)趣,故(gu)有“雙(shuang)峰晚(wan)鐘”之稱。于是“雙(shuang)峰晚(wan)鐘”稱為揭陽(yang)古八景(jing)之一。明末(mo)大學士郭之奇有雙(shuang)峰寺(si)(si)懷石山(shan)禪師(shi)詩為證:“三(san)百(bai)年來(lai)舊(jiu)佛宮,依(yi)稀(xi)猶記石心翁。預(yu)為法(fa)界傳(chuan)燈缽,故(gu)人(ren)塵環試(shi)色空。四壁(bi)人(ren)煙天早暮(mu),一灣流水(shui)日(ri)西(xi)東。鏡臺菩(pu)樹(shu)今何在,錫(xi)杖遙遙覷紫峰。”“雙(shuang)峰寺(si)(si)”也(ye)因此享譽海內(nei)(nei)外,游人(ren)如鯽,香火不斷。許多(duo)文人(ren)騷(sao)客(ke),達官貴人(ren),更是慕名而來(lai),在這(zhe)座(zuo)古寺(si)(si)名剎吟詩詠(yong)和,流連忘返,留下了許多(duo)珍貴的(de)墨寶。
如今,修葺一新的雙(shuang)峰寺,占地(di)面積(ji)3000多平方(fang)米,殿(dian)宇更為壯觀(guan)宏(hong)偉,天(tian)王殿(dian)、大(da)雄寶殿(dian)、藏經樓(lou)三(san)宇并(bing)立,觀(guan)音閣(ge)、地(di)藏閣(ge)精(jing)(jing)巧(qiao)玲瓏,東西長廊、耳房(fang)及角(jiao)樓(lou),結(jie)構嚴謹(jin),整(zheng)個寺院雕梁畫棟,古(gu)(gu)樸(pu)大(da)方(fang)。匯集古(gu)(gu)建筑(zhu)精(jing)(jing)粹,結(jie)合現(xian)代(dai)化(hua)的建筑(zhu)技術,去蕪存精(jing)(jing),博采眾長,使該(gai)寺顯得古(gu)(gu)色古(gu)(gu)香(xiang),美(mei)輪美(mei)奐,寺內(nei)奇花異卉(hui),爭妍(yan)斗勝(sheng),別具(ju)一番(fan)情趣。
寺(si)中有磚刻(ke)五塊,其(qi)中虎壽(shou)碑最(zui)為(wei)珍(zhen)貴(gui)。虎字碑是(shi)清(qing)朝江(jiang)南提督(du)國棟(dong)所書。壽(shou)字碑為(wei)北(bei)宋著名理學家陳摶聽書,粗(cu)看(kan)(kan)為(wei)“壽(shou)”字,細看(kan)(kan)則包含“林富(fu)佛壽(shou)”四字,為(wei)廣(guang)東省價值較高的石碑。
揭陽雙峰院記
此記(ji)(ji)為(wei)元(yuan)人(ren)程準于泰(tai)定元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(公元(yuan)1324)所(suo)記(ji)(ji),收錄(lu)于明《永樂大典》卷(juan)五三(san)四四,有序云:“諸(zhu)寺(si)(si)院記(ji)(ji)文(wen),不關世(shi)教者不錄(lu)。此篇(pian)獨能不膠異說,以悲喜衍義,行文(wen)有法,感(gan)人(ren)情思。與他(ta)寺(si)(si)院記(ji)(ji)遠(yuan)甚,故時錄(lu)之。”此乃雙峰(feng)寺(si)(si)之重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)史料。文(wen)中明確記(ji)(ji)載縣尹彭振于公元(yuan)1310年(nian)(nian)請(qing)石山禪師“初構殿(dian)于瓦礫間”重(zhong)(zhong)建雙峰(feng)寺(si)(si)之史實,我們認(ren)為(wei)應是在原址(zhi)重(zhong)(zhong)建。與揭陽一些書報所(suo)說“明洪武年(nian)(nian)間,僧人(ren)石山將雙峰(feng)寺(si)(si)遷至榕城馬山巷(xiang)”有明顯(xian)出入,本記(ji)(ji)文(wen)所(suo)據為(wei)程準于公元(yuan)1324年(nian)(nian)所(suo)記(ji)(ji),元(yuan)人(ren)記(ji)(ji)元(yuan)事(shi),應可信也。
世人以(yi)(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)壞(huai)(huai)觀(guan)物,見其(qi)成(cheng)(cheng)無(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)喜,見其(qi)壞(huai)(huai)無(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)悲。成(cheng)(cheng)者(zhe)自成(cheng)(cheng),壞(huai)(huai)者(zhe)自壞(huai)(huai);于(yu)我(wo)何(he)有,而作是念?善哉(zai)善哉(zai)!此(ci)(ci)(ci)天(tian)地(di)圣賢(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin),愚(yu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)肖之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所同(tong),儒(ru)者(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謂善端,佛(fo)者(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謂無(wu)(wu)量(liang)心(xin)也。一切(qie)萬物,皆(jie)(jie)有成(cheng)(cheng)壞(huai)(huai);是悲喜心(xin),無(wu)(wu)有成(cheng)(cheng)壞(huai)(huai)。由(you)其(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)壞(huai)(huai),壞(huai)(huai)無(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)成(cheng)(cheng)。故自一念之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)喜,以(yi)(yi)圖其(qi)成(cheng)(cheng),天(tian)工可(ke)代,七政可(ke)齊,六府可(ke)修也:自一念之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)悲,以(yi)(yi)極其(qi)壞(huai)(huai),洚水可(ke)抑,龍蛇可(ke)驅(qu),河流可(ke)塞也。鵲巢(chao)石窟(ku),珍(zhen)樓寶(bao)屋,廣狹不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong),華陋殊絕,皆(jie)(jie)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)過人天(tian)小果,曾何(he)足以(yi)(yi)置欣戚于(yu)其(qi)間!然(ran)(ran)十室之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)邑,三家之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)市,蘧廬一宿(su),終(zhong)身眷眷不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忘。他日過之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),頹垣斷礎,未有不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)徘(pai)徊故墟(xu),為(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)感愴者(zhe);他日又過之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),疏籬環(huan)堵,如舊觀(guan)重(zhong)來,又未有不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)欣然(ran)(ran)慰滿,若己與有力焉。此(ci)(ci)(ci)豈復(fu)有窮奢極侈之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工,動心(xin)悅(yue)目之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)景,可(ke)以(yi)(yi)牽縈懷(huai)抱者(zhe)?終(zhong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)成(cheng)(cheng)壞(huai)(huai),壞(huai)(huai)無(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)成(cheng)(cheng),彼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)猶(you)吾(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)也,吾(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)日是心(xin)何(he)從(cong)而來哉(zai)?天(tian)高地(di)下(xia),在物無(wu)(wu)終(zhong)壞(huai)(huai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li);往過來續,在人有不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)壞(huai)(huai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)。彼積蘇(su)累塊,以(yi)(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)壞(huai)(huai)較難(nan)易;金地(di)寶(bao)林,以(yi)(yi)興創為(wei)殊勝。雖其(qi)徒稍(shao)知(zhi)道者(zhe),亦必(bi)戚然(ran)(ran)顰(pin)、閔然(ran)(ran)嘯矣(yi)!
皇元仁(ren)洽萬方,垂(chui)情慈教,天馬飲海,龍象(xiang)如(ru)如(ru)。而(er)(er)揭(jie)陽雙峰(feng)獨罹劫灰,自丙子至戊申三十三載。歸德彭君(jun)振來尹茲邑(yi),報恩無(wu)地(di),將(jiang)經始起廢。民父老合辭薦請,君(jun)乃(nai)捐俸(feng)流貤,起釋子石(shi)山(shan)(shan)必瓊董其役(yi)。瓊亦罄(qing)囊畢力,初構殿于(yu)瓦礫(li)間,始庚戌夏,迄辛亥冬。邑(yi)人(ren)(ren)劉君(jun)用賓(bin)、林君(jun)叔翊好善(shan)隨喜,法(fa)筵開,經輪(lun)轉,山(shan)(shan)門品列,廊楹魚貫,僧寮師室,香積寶庋,種種完美。又三年,梅倅蒙君(jun)果沿檄適至,暨(ji)歸裒鏹五(wu)十萬圓滿之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。且(qie)尹有(you)人(ren)(ren)民社稷,補弊(bi)塞(sai)責之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)暇,能以余(yu)(yu)力及此,蒙君(jun)非(fei)(fei)居仕是(shi)邦而(er)(er)施(shi)與無(wu)吝容。若劉與林,鄉(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)善(shan)士(shi),視瓊雖為(wei)(wei)善(shan)不(bu)同,要皆非(fei)(fei)有(you)所(suo)利而(er)(er)為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)。不(bu)遠數千里,念記于(yu)予。公等得(de)無(wu)悲其壞而(er)(er)喜其成乎?是(shi)心也何從而(er)(er)來哉?無(wu)往不(bu)復者(zhe)天之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道,感今(jin)懷古者(zhe)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情,余(yu)(yu)所(suo)謂天地(di)圣(sheng)賢(xian)愚不(bu)肖之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)同。蓋有(you)不(bu)求而(er)(er)獲,無(wu)為(wei)(wei)而(er)(er)為(wei)(wei)者(zhe)。秉彝(yi)好德,固(gu)非(fei)(fei)夷法(fa)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)能外也。韓山(shan)(shan)蒼(cang)(cang)蒼(cang)(cang),韓木章章;大顛堂堂,廬(lu)存人(ren)(ren)忘!數書(shu)(shu)珍重(zhong),吾意公亦喜其聰明識(shi)道理而(er)(er)重(zhong)其憂(you)世(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)悲也夫!斯文耿光,千古一(yi)日。余(yu)(yu)方求公書(shu)(shu)而(er)(er)玩索之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),又安得(de)不(bu)因君(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)喜而(er)(er)為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)書(shu)(shu)也!尹字(zi)文舉,今(jin)為(wei)(wei)惠(hui)州路推(tui)官。蒙字(zi)仲剛,今(jin)為(wei)(wei)潮(chao)幕長。謙齋劉君(jun),時主簿程(cheng)鄉(xiang)。友梅、石(shi)山(shan)(shan),林與瓊自號(hao)也。財施(shi)工力姓氏列著碑陰。
泰定初元甲子三月朔,承直郎南雄路總管府(fu)推官程準(zhun)記。