寺院歷史
宋紹興十年(公元1140年)重置揭(jie)陽(yang)(yang)縣,是(shi)年法山(shan)禪(chan)師創建(jian)(jian)揭(jie)陽(yang)(yang)雙(shuang)峰寺,成邑中(zhong)叢林。原址在今之(zhi)揭(jie)東縣桂嶺(古(gu)稱磐溪(xi)都)雙(shuang)山(shan)南(nan)麓,后山(shan)兩峰并峙,頂有六丈高天然巨石(shi)名(ming)曰“石(shi)母”,周圍景致頗多,昔有“雙(shuang)峰八景”之(zhi)說。寺之(zhi)規模宏大(da)壯觀,與潮州開(kai)元寺、潮陽(yang)(yang)靈山(shan)寺并稱潮郡三大(da)名(ming)剎。每(mei)逢祝圣(sheng)良期,邑中(zhong)官(guan)(guan)紳檀越多有沐浴來(lai)山(shan)禮佛者,由官(guan)(guan)道至距寺三里外之(zhi)“鼎蓋山(shan)”驅轎下馬步(bu)行(xing)進寺,以表虔誠(cheng)。按民(min)間相傳,紹興十年重建(jian)(jian)揭(jie)陽(yang)(yang)縣城(cheng)時,地理家認為,“地龍”從(cong)蓮花山(shan)脈的龍頸一直行(xing)到雙(shuang)山(shan),共99峰,再往東就(jiu)是(shi)平(ping)川,而玉(yu)滘(jiao)村正是(shi)“靈氣所鐘”,所以作為第99峰的石(shi)母山(shan),也就(jiu)成了(le)風水寶地,而建(jian)(jian)起了(le)雙(shuang)峰寺。它是(shi)古(gu)揭(jie)陽(yang)(yang)文化的一種綜合積淀物。
雙峰(feng)寺(si)歷代屢(lv)廢屢(lv)興。志(zhi)書記(ji):清雍正戊申(1728年)六月(yue),雙峰(feng)寺(si)毀於颶風,楝梁楹桷瓦蓋(gai)一應俱盡,知縣陳樹芝主持(chi)修復。民國十四年,縣長陳卓(zhuo)凡(fan)廢之,寺(si)屋充作(zuo)教育費用。邑(yi)紳林存厚、林仲良、局伯(bo)初等發起籌款贖回(hui)葺復。50年代,寺(si)僧推行“農禪(chan)并(bing)舉”之策,以寺(si)辨工廠。“文(wen)革”期間,佛像、文(wen)物俱毀。
改革開放後,縣人民政府(fu)貫徹(che)落(luo)實宗教政策,決定(ding)修(xiu)建(jian)雙峰寺,恢復古跡,開辟(pi)旅游勝地。1986年10月25日舉行奠基禮,破(po)土興(xing)工。經(jing)過整整61個月施工,耗資四百(bai)萬元,建(jian)筑面積2400平方米,1991年12月10日隆重舉行修(xiu)建(jian)落(luo)成(cheng)暨(ji)佛像開光典(dian)禮,盛況空前(qian)。
建筑特點
雙峰(feng)(feng)寺(si)占地(di)3200平方(fang)米,其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)建筑物2400平方(fang)米重修后(hou)寺(si)院呈(cheng)四合院布局,中(zhong)(zhong)軸線上,依次為山(shan)門、前(qian)廳、大雄寶殿、泰佛殿,有東(dong)西(xi)兩廊。寺(si)中(zhong)(zhong)有歷(li)代文人(ren)雅士碑(bei)刻(ke)歲通(tong),寺(si)中(zhong)(zhong)有磚刻(ke)五塊,其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)虎壽碑(bei)最為珍(zhen)貴。泰佛殿為樓閣(ge)式,正殿中(zhong)(zhong)金身泰式佛像一(yi)(yi)座,相傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)走近,其(qi)(qi)耳鉤即不斷輕搖(yao),被(bei)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)為異事。清代郭(guo)光任陽江(jiang)儒學時由肇(zhao)郡移於雙峰(feng)(feng)寺(si)中(zhong)(zhong),并題跋。寺(si)中(zhong)(zhong)有木棉樹(shu),雙峰(feng)(feng)竹(zhu)(zhu)。相傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孟宗哭(ku)竹(zhu)(zhu),孝感(gan)天地(di),每(mei)節黃(huang)皮竹(zhu)(zhu)上都留下了幾(ji)行深綠色淚痕。寺(si)內珍(zhen)藏(zang)有泰國(guo)華僑(qiao)贈送之觀音菩薩銅像,人(ren)們前(qian)來瞻仰,常(chang)常(chang)見到(dao)菩薩的耳環在微(wei)(wei)微(wei)(wei)擺(bai)動(dong),被(bei)稱(cheng)為雙峰(feng)(feng)一(yi)(yi)奇。
景點評價
昔日這(zhe)座(zuo)寺(si)院,環境幽(you)(you)雅,寺(si)內(nei)(nei)聳竹修篁,庭(ting)樹垂蔭,內(nei)(nei)中建筑,曲經通幽(you)(you)。每當夕陽西(xi)墜,鳥雀歸巢(chao),伴之(zhi)鐘(zhong)鼓(gu)聲(sheng)聲(sheng),木魚(yu)篤(du)篤(du),梵經陳聞之(zhi)際(ji),別具一(yi)(yi)(yi)番情趣,故(gu)有(you)“雙(shuang)峰(feng)晚鐘(zhong)”之(zhi)稱(cheng)。于是“雙(shuang)峰(feng)晚鐘(zhong)”稱(cheng)為(wei)揭陽古(gu)八景之(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)。明末大學士郭之(zhi)奇有(you)雙(shuang)峰(feng)寺(si)懷石山禪師(shi)詩為(wei)證(zheng):“三百年來舊佛宮,依稀猶記石心翁。預(yu)為(wei)法界傳燈缽,故(gu)人(ren)塵環試色空。四(si)壁人(ren)煙天早暮(mu),一(yi)(yi)(yi)灣流水日西(xi)東。鏡(jing)臺菩樹今何(he)在,錫杖遙遙覷紫峰(feng)。”“雙(shuang)峰(feng)寺(si)”也因此(ci)享譽(yu)海內(nei)(nei)外,游人(ren)如(ru)鯽,香(xiang)火不斷。許多(duo)文人(ren)騷(sao)客,達(da)官貴人(ren),更是慕名(ming)而來,在這(zhe)座(zuo)古(gu)寺(si)名(ming)剎(cha)吟(yin)詩詠和,流連(lian)忘返,留下(xia)了許多(duo)珍貴的墨(mo)寶。
如今(jin),修葺(qi)一新的(de)雙峰寺(si),占地面積3000多平(ping)方米,殿宇更為壯(zhuang)觀(guan)宏(hong)偉,天王殿、大(da)雄寶殿、藏經樓(lou)三宇并(bing)立,觀(guan)音(yin)閣、地藏閣精巧(qiao)玲瓏,東西長(chang)廊(lang)、耳房及角樓(lou),結構嚴謹,整(zheng)個寺(si)院(yuan)雕梁(liang)畫棟,古樸大(da)方。匯集古建筑精粹,結合現代化的(de)建筑技(ji)術,去蕪存(cun)精,博采眾長(chang),使該寺(si)顯得古色古香,美(mei)(mei)輪美(mei)(mei)奐(huan),寺(si)內奇(qi)花異卉(hui),爭妍斗勝,別具一番情趣。
寺中(zhong)有磚刻五塊,其中(zhong)虎(hu)壽(shou)碑最為珍貴。虎(hu)字碑是清朝江南提(ti)督(du)國棟所書(shu)。壽(shou)字碑為北宋著名理學家陳摶聽書(shu),粗看(kan)為“壽(shou)”字,細看(kan)則包含“林富佛壽(shou)”四(si)字,為廣東省(sheng)價值較高的石(shi)碑。
揭陽雙峰院記
此記(ji)(ji)為(wei)元(yuan)人程(cheng)準于(yu)(yu)(yu)泰定(ding)元(yuan)年(nian)(公元(yuan)1324)所記(ji)(ji),收錄于(yu)(yu)(yu)明《永樂大典》卷五三四四,有(you)序(xu)云:“諸寺院(yuan)記(ji)(ji)文(wen)(wen),不(bu)(bu)關世教者不(bu)(bu)錄。此篇獨能不(bu)(bu)膠異說,以悲喜衍義,行文(wen)(wen)有(you)法,感人情思(si)。與(yu)他寺院(yuan)記(ji)(ji)遠甚(shen),故時錄之。”此乃雙峰寺之重(zhong)要史料。文(wen)(wen)中(zhong)明確記(ji)(ji)載縣尹(yin)彭振于(yu)(yu)(yu)公元(yuan)1310年(nian)請石(shi)山(shan)禪師“初構(gou)殿于(yu)(yu)(yu)瓦礫間”重(zhong)建雙峰寺之史實,我們認為(wei)應是在原址重(zhong)建。與(yu)揭陽(yang)一些書(shu)報所說“明洪武年(nian)間,僧人石(shi)山(shan)將雙峰寺遷至榕城(cheng)馬山(shan)巷”有(you)明顯出入,本記(ji)(ji)文(wen)(wen)所據為(wei)程(cheng)準于(yu)(yu)(yu)公元(yuan)1324年(nian)所記(ji)(ji),元(yuan)人記(ji)(ji)元(yuan)事,應可(ke)信(xin)也。
世(shi)人以(yi)(yi)(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)壞(huai)觀物,見其(qi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)無(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)喜,見其(qi)壞(huai)無(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)悲。成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)者(zhe)(zhe)自成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),壞(huai)者(zhe)(zhe)自壞(huai);于我(wo)何有(you),而(er)作(zuo)是念?善(shan)哉(zai)善(shan)哉(zai)!此(ci)天(tian)(tian)地圣賢(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin),愚(yu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)肖(xiao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所同,儒者(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謂善(shan)端,佛(fo)者(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謂無(wu)量(liang)心(xin)也。一(yi)(yi)(yi)切萬物,皆(jie)有(you)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)壞(huai);是悲喜心(xin),無(wu)有(you)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)壞(huai)。由其(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)壞(huai),壞(huai)無(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。故(gu)自一(yi)(yi)(yi)念之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)喜,以(yi)(yi)(yi)圖其(qi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),天(tian)(tian)工可(ke)代,七政(zheng)可(ke)齊,六(liu)府可(ke)修(xiu)也:自一(yi)(yi)(yi)念之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)悲,以(yi)(yi)(yi)極其(qi)壞(huai),洚水可(ke)抑,龍蛇可(ke)驅(qu),河流可(ke)塞(sai)也。鵲巢石(shi)窟,珍樓寶(bao)屋,廣狹不(bu)(bu)(bu)同,華陋殊絕,皆(jie)不(bu)(bu)(bu)過人天(tian)(tian)小果,曾何足以(yi)(yi)(yi)置欣(xin)(xin)戚于其(qi)間!然(ran)十室之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)邑(yi),三家之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)市,蘧(qu)廬一(yi)(yi)(yi)宿(su),終身眷(juan)眷(juan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)忘(wang)。他(ta)日(ri)(ri)過之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),頹垣斷礎(chu),未有(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)徘徊(huai)故(gu)墟,為(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)感(gan)愴(chuang)者(zhe)(zhe);他(ta)日(ri)(ri)又過之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),疏(shu)籬環堵,如舊(jiu)觀重來(lai),又未有(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)欣(xin)(xin)然(ran)慰滿,若(ruo)己(ji)與(yu)有(you)力焉。此(ci)豈(qi)復有(you)窮奢極侈之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工,動心(xin)悅目之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)景,可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)牽縈(ying)懷抱者(zhe)(zhe)?終不(bu)(bu)(bu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)壞(huai),壞(huai)無(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),彼(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)猶(you)吾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)也,吾不(bu)(bu)(bu)知此(ci)日(ri)(ri)是心(xin)何從而(er)來(lai)哉(zai)?天(tian)(tian)高地下,在物無(wu)終壞(huai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理;往(wang)過來(lai)續,在人有(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)壞(huai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)。彼(bi)積蘇(su)累(lei)塊,以(yi)(yi)(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)壞(huai)較難易;金地寶(bao)林,以(yi)(yi)(yi)興創為(wei)殊勝(sheng)。雖(sui)其(qi)徒稍知道者(zhe)(zhe),亦必戚然(ran)顰、閔然(ran)嘯(xiao)矣(yi)!
皇元仁洽萬方,垂(chui)情慈教,天馬飲海,龍(long)象如(ru)(ru)如(ru)(ru)。而(er)(er)(er)揭(jie)陽雙峰獨罹劫灰(hui),自(zi)丙子至戊申三(san)十(shi)三(san)載。歸(gui)德彭君(jun)振來尹(yin)茲邑,報(bao)恩無(wu)地,將經始起(qi)廢。民父老合(he)辭(ci)薦請(qing),君(jun)乃捐俸(feng)流(liu)貤,起(qi)釋子石山必瓊(qiong)董其(qi)役(yi)。瓊(qiong)亦(yi)(yi)罄囊畢力,初構殿于瓦礫間,始庚戌夏,迄辛亥(hai)冬。邑人(ren)劉君(jun)用賓、林君(jun)叔翊好(hao)善(shan)隨喜,法(fa)筵開,經輪轉(zhuan),山門品列,廊楹魚貫,僧(seng)寮(liao)師(shi)室(shi),香積(ji)寶庋,種(zhong)種(zhong)完美(mei)。又三(san)年,梅(mei)倅蒙(meng)君(jun)果沿檄適(shi)至,暨歸(gui)裒鏹(qiang)五十(shi)萬圓滿之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。且尹(yin)有(you)人(ren)民社稷(ji),補弊塞責之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不暇,能以余力及此,蒙(meng)君(jun)非(fei)(fei)(fei)居仕(shi)是邦而(er)(er)(er)施(shi)與(yu)(yu)無(wu)吝容。若劉與(yu)(yu)林,鄉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)善(shan)士,視瓊(qiong)雖為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)善(shan)不同,要皆非(fei)(fei)(fei)有(you)所利而(er)(er)(er)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)。不遠數千(qian)里,念記(ji)于予。公等得(de)無(wu)悲其(qi)壞而(er)(er)(er)喜其(qi)成乎(hu)?是心也(ye)何(he)從(cong)而(er)(er)(er)來哉?無(wu)往(wang)不復者(zhe)天之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道,感(gan)今(jin)懷古者(zhe)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情,余所謂天地圣賢愚不肖之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所同。蓋(gai)有(you)不求而(er)(er)(er)獲,無(wu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)而(er)(er)(er)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)者(zhe)。秉彝好(hao)德,固非(fei)(fei)(fei)夷法(fa)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所能外也(ye)。韓(han)山蒼蒼,韓(han)木章章;大顛堂(tang)堂(tang),廬存人(ren)忘!數書珍重,吾意(yi)公亦(yi)(yi)喜其(qi)聰明(ming)識(shi)道理而(er)(er)(er)重其(qi)憂(you)世(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)悲也(ye)夫!斯文(wen)耿光,千(qian)古一日。余方求公書而(er)(er)(er)玩索之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),又安得(de)不因君(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)喜而(er)(er)(er)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)書也(ye)!尹(yin)字文(wen)舉,今(jin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)惠州(zhou)路推(tui)官。蒙(meng)字仲(zhong)剛,今(jin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)潮幕長。謙齋劉君(jun),時主簿程(cheng)鄉。友梅(mei)、石山,林與(yu)(yu)瓊(qiong)自(zi)號也(ye)。財施(shi)工力姓氏列著碑陰。
泰定初元(yuan)甲子三月朔,承直郎(lang)南雄路總管府推官(guan)程準記。